人教版初三（上）英语第12讲：UNIT 6 语法篇（教师版）

Module6语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟练掌握本模块的一般过去时被动语态。

一般过去时的被动语态

·基本结构

肯定式：was/were+动词的过去分词

ThezipperwasinventedbyWhitcombJudsonin1893.

否定式:主语+was/were+not+过去分词+by

Shewasnotgivenapaintingbyhim.

一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+过去分词+by?

WasthezipperinventedbyWhitcombJudsonin1893?

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+过去分词+by

Whowasit/weretheyinventedby?

Whenwasteafirstdrunk?

Whenwasteabroughttoothercountries?

Howwasthecatfound?·

主动变被动的方法

第一步：把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

第二步：把谓语变成被动结构（be+过去分词）。（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。

第三步：把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。如：

Allthepeoplelaughedathim.

Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.

Theymakethebikesinthefactory.

Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.

口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变bedone，时不变，数格必须随被变。（

）1.Manyboysthinkplayingcomputergamesis

ofallgames.A.moreinteresting B.themostinterestingC.interesting D.moreandmoreinteresting（）2.Theblackboard______justnow.Doyouknowwhodidit?cleaned B.wascleaning

C.hascleaned D.wascleaned（

）3.Thathouseisnot

,sowehave

tobuyit.A.enoughbig;enoughmoney

B.bigenough；enoughmoneyC.enoughbig;moneyenough

D.muchbig;manymoney（

）4.Canyoutellme____？A.whothemachineinvented

B.whothemachineinventedbyC.whowasthemachineinventedby

D.whothemachinewasinventedby（

）5.Wasacarinvented_____March4,1876?on

B.in

C.at

D.of解析：1.介词短语ofallgames是表示“范围”的，在一定的范围内作比较，是用形容词的最高级。interesting是多音节的形容词，所以它的最高级是用themostinteresting。故选B。2.justnow的意思是“刚才”，可以判断是过去时，blackboard不能执行后面的动作clean，所以用被动语态，表示主语是动作的承受者，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。3.本句考查enough的用法。enough作副词修饰形容词的时候，放在形容词的后面；enough作形容词修饰名词的时候，放在名词的前面。第一个空是用enough修饰形容词big，所以用bigenough；第二个空用enough修饰后面的名词，所以用enoughmoney。故选B。4.本句为宾语从句，从句应用陈述句语序，又是被动语态。故选D.5.具体在哪天，介词用on。故选A。基础演练一.根据句意及括号内所给动词的提示填空。1.Thesebridges__________(repair)bytheworkerslastmonth.2.Mary__________(hear)tosingthesongintheroomlastnight.3.Thissweater__________(wash)byLucyyesterdaymorning4.Theflowers__________(take)awaybyachildtenminutesago.

5.Thebike__________(ride)tothezoobyhimyesterday.答案：1.wererepaired

2.washeard

3.waswashed

4.weretaken

5.wasridden巩固提高根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，使短文完整、通顺，有的需要变换形式。become,popular,feed,call,rapidThefirstbikeappearedover200yearsago.People(1)_______it“thehorseonwheels”.Later,thebikebecamevery(2)_______.Peoplelikedbikesbecausetheywerenotasexpensiveashorses.Theywouldn’thavetobuildaspecialhouseforthemor(3)_______them.Andthen,trains,shipsandairplanesbegantoappeararoundtheworld.Transportation(运输工具)betweencitiesaroundtheworldbecamemoreconvenientand(4)_______.Nowmanycitiesnotonlyhavealotofpublictransportationsuchasbusesandtaxis,buttheyalsohavemanycarsandotherprivatetransportation.Theworldis(5)_______smallerandsmaller.IfyoutakeaplanefromBeijingtoNewYorkCity,itonlytakesyouaboutthirteenhours.答案：1.called

2.popular

3.feed

4.rapid

5.Becoming三.将下列句子改为被动语态。

1.Mr.Greenwrotetwobookslastyear.____________________________________________2.Shesawthemcomeintotheroom.____________________________________________3.Maryboughthimsomeflowers.____________________________________________4.Theylookedforthatsetofkeysjustnow.____________________________________________5.Hebroughtaradiotoschooltoday.____________________________________________答案：TwobookswerewrittenbyMr.Greenlastyear.2.Theywereseentocomeintotheroombyher.3.SomeflowerswereboughtforhimbyMary.4.Thatsetofkeyswaslookedforbythemjustnow.

5.Aradiowasbroughttoschoolbyhimtoday.一．单项选择。l.Themachineisused_________makingshoes_________theworkers.as;for B.for;asC.by;for D.for;by212.English_________inmanycountries,butChinese_________theirownlanguage.isspoken;speaks B.speaks;isspokenC.isspoken;speak D.isspoken;isspoken3.Anumberoftourists_________Beijingmanytimesbecauseofitsbeautifulscenery.A.havebeento B.hasbeentoC.hasgoneto D.havegonetoIfyouseethecartoonfilm,youwill_________laugh.bemake B.bemadetoC.maketo D.make5.Whowasthisworkdone_________?A.to B.withC.by D.of6.–Who_________thetelephone?-It_________byBell.A.wasinvented;wasinvented B.invented;inventedC.invented;wasinvented D.wasinvented;invented7.Chinese_________bymoreandmorepeoplefromallovertheworldtoday.A.learn B.learnedC.islearned D.waslearned8.-It'sreportedthatsomecapsules(胶囊)arereallybadforourhealth.-Soundsterrible.Hopefullytheproblem_________assoonaspossible.A.issolved B.hassolvedC.wassolved D.willbesolved9.OnweekendswehelpMotherwithhouseworkinthekitchen_________shecanenjoyherselfbysearchingtheInternet.A.after B.untilC.that D.sothat10.Themathsproblemissohard.Ireallydon'tknow_________.A.howtodoit B.howtodoC.whattodoit D.whattodo答案：DCABCCCDDA二.完形填空。先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Twohundredyearsago,peopleintheWestdidnotknowcoffeeortea.Theywere1todrinkthembecausetheythoughtcoffeeorteacouldkillaperson.Accordingtoalegend,oncethekingofEnglanddecidedtofindout2itwastrueornot.Atthattimethereweretwobrothersinprison.Theywould3inafewdaysbecausetheydidsomethingwrong.Thekingsaid,"Ishallletthemlive,buttheymustdrinkcoffeeorteatotheendoftheir4.Onebrothermustdrinkcoffeeand5mustdrinkteaeveryday."Andthey6asthekingtoldthem.They7livedmanyyears.Atlast,theelderbrother8whenhewaseighty-threeyearsold.Theyoungeronediedafewyears9.Afterthat,peopleknewthatcoffeeandteawerenotbad10man.l.A.happy B.afraid C.strong D.rich52.A.when B.what C.whether D.because3.A.befree B.bebackhome C.becaught D.bekilled4.A.alive B.live C.lives D.Living5.A.one B.another C.other D.theother6.A.heard B.listenedto C.following D.did7.A.both B.each C.neither D.all8.A.killed B.lived C.died D.dead9.A.ago B.old C.later D.before2110.A.to B.in C.at D.for答案：1~5.BCDCD6~10.DACCD__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________A.Whenwasitinvented?B.Whereisitmade?A.Whenwasitinvented?B.Whereisitmade?C.What’situsedfor?D.Whoinventedthatmachine?E.Wouldyouliketohaveatrywithme?F.Buthowdoesitwork?G.What’sthisinEnglish?A:Hi,Danny!What'sthiscalledinEnglish?B:Oh,it'sakey.A:What'sitmadeof?B:It’smadeofmetal.A:__________1B:It'susedforopeningandlockingadoor.A:Isee.That'sinteresting.CanIhaveatry?B:Yes,please.A:Look,itworks.Bytheway,what'sthatoverthere?B:Youmayhaveaguess.A:Itlooksstrange,neitherlikeabikenoraplane.__________2B:Itwasinventedbymyfather.Youmaycallitaplike.A:__________3B:Yesterdaymorning.A:What'situsedfor?B:It'susedforridingorflying.A:__________4B:Youcanrideitlikeabike.Asyouridefasterandfaster,itcanflylikeaplane.3A:Thatsoundsinteresting.Ithinkyourfatherissogreat!B:Ithinkso.__________5A:Yeah,I’dloveto.答案：CDAFE二．完形填空。Whodesigned(设计)thefirsthelicopter?Who1someofthemostfamouspicturesintheworld?Whoknewmoreaboutthehumanbodythanmost2_ofhistime?Thereisananswer3allthesequestions-LeonardodaVinci(达·芬奇).Leonardomayhavebeenthegreatestgenius(天才)4haveeverknown.HelivedinItalyabouttheyear1500,butmanyofhisinventionsseemmodemtoustoday.Forexample,oneofhisnotebookshasdrawingsofahelicopter.Ofcourse,hecouldn't5ahelicopterwiththethingshehad.Butscientistssayhisideawouldhaveworked.ButLeonardo6aninventor.Hewasoneofthegreatestartistsofhisday.Bythetimehewastwentyyearsold,hewascalledamaster(大师)painter,andashegotolderhebecame7morefamous.Sometimeshedrewahandintendifferentways8hewasreadytopaint.ManyofLeonardo'swonderfulpaintingsarestillwith9today.Youmayknowoneofhismostfamousworks-the10womanknownastheMonaLisa.1.A.took B.made C.painted D.invented2.A.artists B.doctors C.painters D.people3.A.to B.of C.for D.from4.A.thescientists B.theLutists C.theworld D.people5.A.draw B.paint C.work D.build6.A.wasjust B.wasn'tjust C.wasn't D.wasnolongerA.less B.no C.even D.Very8.A.before B.after C.because D.when9.A.him B.us C.them D.you10.A.interesting B.crying C.smiling D.surprising答案：CBADDBCABC三．阅读理解。ALeonardodaVinciwasbornonApril15,1452inItaly.Heisbestknownasanartisttoday.OneofhisfamouspaintingsiscalledMonaLisa.However,Leonardohadmanyothernaturalabilities.Hewasalsoagreatinventor.Manyofhisinventionshavebecomeimportantinmoderndaylife.AlthoughLeonardohatedwar,heinventedmanydifferentmachinesusedforwar.Hismostspecialinventionwasthemachinegun,whichwasproducedandusedinwarmanyyearslater.Bywatchingthewaybirdsfly,Leonardotriedtofindoutthesecretofflying.Amonghissketches(索描)wecanseeseveralobjects.Weconsiderthemasmodernflyingmachines.Leonardospentmanyhoursthinkingabouthowtomakegooduseoftime.Hedevelopedideasforlabor-savingmachineslikecuttingmachines.Leonardowasastrangeman.Hedidn'teatanymeat,whichwasveryunusualinthosetimes.Heneverpublished(发表)hisideasandscientificdiscoveries.Heusuallyusedmirrorwriting,whichlookslikewritinginamirror,startingfromtherightsideofthepageandmovingtotheleft.Wehaveverylittleofhisworktoday.Leonardofinishedonlyafewofhispaintings.Heleftmanyunfinishedbecausehethoughttheywerenotperfect.NooneinhislifetimeknewhowgreatLeonardowas.Wenowbelieve,however,thathewasoneofthecleverestmentheworldhaseverknown.21l.Accordingtothepassage,Leonardoisnotonlyanartistbusalso____________.aninventor B.anengineerC.awriter D.amusician2.____________wasLeonardo'smostspecialinvention.A.Themirrorwriting B.ThecuttingmachineC.Themachinegun D.Theflyingmachine3.Leonardowasstrange,forexample,____________.A.hedidn'teatanyvegetablesB.heusuallyusedmirrorwritingC.helikedtopublishhisdiscoveriesD.heenjoyeddrawingflyingmachines4.Leonardoinventedsomemachinesto____________.A.stopthewar B.helppaintpicturesC.watchthebirds D.makegooduseoftime5.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatLeonardowasvery____________.A.humorous B.seriousC.clever D.Lonely答案：ACBDC（2014年人教版初三期末测试题）BThebicycleisoneofthesimplestandmostusefulinventionsintheworld.Whatisthemostsurprisingisthatitwasnotinventedearlier,althoughthegreatinventorLeonardodaVincihaddrawnpicturesforbicyclesandalsoforflyingmachinesandsomeotherthings.Thosethingswerenotproduceduntillongafterhedied.Apersonridingabicycleusesverylittleenergytomakethebicyclemove,andthereisnopollutionatallwhenyouareriding.InChengdu,alotofpeoplerodebicyclestoworktwentyyearsago.Butcarsinsteadofthemnow.Evensoindevelopedcountries,mostpeopledonottraveltoworkbybicycle.Itisnotbecausethebicyclesareexpensiveorpeoplefeeltirediftheyridetowork.Itisbecausethenumberofcarsontheroadsisbecominglarger.Itcertainlybecomesmoredangeroustorideabicycle.Asaresult,morepeopleputtheirbicyclesawayandgotoworkintheircars.Andinthisway,thetrafficisverycrowdedwhenpeoplegot