外研版英语 语法专题 专题四　第3讲　并列句和状语从句

大一轮复习第3讲并列句和状语从句语法专题专题四内容索引考点精讲一并列句考点分层演练语法链接写作考点精讲二时间状语从句考点精讲三其他状语从句并列句考点精讲一Thesummervacationisapproaching，and①Ihavemadeadetailedplanforit.Iwantbothtorelaxand①tolearnsomethingnew.NotonlywillIspendtimewithmyfamily，butIwill(also)①meetmyfriends.Mybrotherlovesintensesports，while③Ipreferquietreading.So②

wecaneithergohikingforadayor④juststayathome.Imustmakeadecisionsoon，for②heiswaitingformyreply.Theholidaywon’tbeverylong，but⑤Iintendtomakethemostofit.“Followthisplanstrictly，and⑥youwillhaveafulfillingholiday，”Itoldmyself.Itmightbechallenging，yet⑤Ibelieveitwillbeworthwhile.①and，notonly...but(also)...，both...and...，neither...nor...等表并列、顺承或递进关系。②for，so表因果关系。③while作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比。④or，either...or...，not...but...等表选择关系。⑤but，yet，whereas等表转折关系。⑥and，or表条件或结果，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”中。规则感悟上述所有连词在使用时，一定要注意连词所连接的成分都是同样的结构。如果连接单词则两边都是单词，如果连接句子则两边都是句子，如果连接短语则两边都是短语。不能出现一边是连接名词，另一边连接句子或动词短语等其他情况。如：NotonlycanithelpyouimproveyourEnglish，butalsocanhelpyoufindmorefriends.(×)NotonlycanithelpyouimproveyourEnglish，butalsoitcanhelpyoufindmorefriends.(√)1.notonly...butalso...连接的两个并列分句，可使用部分倒装，但只倒装notonly引导的分句。Notonlydoesshetreatuswithconsiderationbutalsosheteachesinahumorousway.她不但对我们体贴，而且还用一种幽默的方式教学。2.使用“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”结构时，一定要注意连词的使用，不能遗漏。Walkstraightdowntheroadforabout300meters，andyouwillseethehotelontheright.沿着这条路直走大约三百米，你会发现那个旅馆就在你右手边。3.when构成的句型。when引导并列句，意为“这时，那时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚要发生或刚刚完成时，突然发生另一件事。(1)sbbedoingsthwhen...某人正在做某事，这时……(2)sbbeabouttodosthwhen...＝sbbeonthepointofdoingsthwhen...某人正要做某事，这时……(3)sbhadjustdonesthwhen...某人刚做完某事，这时……LastMonday，IwaswalkinginthestreetwhenIsuddenlysawanoldmanfalloffhisbicycle.上周一，我正在街上散步，这时我突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。Wewereabouttosetoffwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.＝Wewereonthepointofsettingoffwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.我们正打算动身，这时突然下起雨来了。Hehadjustfinishedwritingareportwhenthebosslethimtypealetter.他刚写完一篇报告，老板就让他打印一封信件。1.Atschool，somestudentsareactive_______someareshy，yettheycanbegoodfriendswithoneanother.2.Hewasabouttogoout______thetelephonerang.3.Followyourdoctor’sadvice，____yourcoughwillgetworse.4.Johnplaysbasketballwell，________hisfavoritesportisbadminton.5.Henryisverysmart，_____manyofhisclassmateslikehim.对点练习whilewhenorbut/yetso返回时间状语从句考点精讲二OneSaturdaymorning，whenIwaslisteningtomyfavoritesongs①，mymotheraskedmetodomyhomeworkfirst.However，assoonassheleft②，IturnedonmyMP3again.Ididn’tstarttodomyhomeworkuntilIheardsomebodyopeningthedoor.③HardlyhadItakenoutmypenwhenmymothercameback.④Mymumsaidangrily，“EverytimeIgoout⑤，youwilldootherthingsinsteadofdoingyourhomework.IthasbeentwohourssinceIleft⑥.HowmuchhomeworkhadyoufinishedbythetimeIenteredtheroom⑦？YoubegantodootherthingsthemomentIsteppedoutoftheroom⑧，didn’tyou？”Itwashalfanhourbeforeshestoppedscoldingme⑨.IhopeIwillgetridofthebadhabitsastimegoesby⑩.IpromiseIwillnotdothesamethingwhenshegoesoutnexttime①.①when当……时候②assoonas一……就……③not...until...直到……才……规则感悟⑤everytime后面直接跟句子，相同用法的还有thefirsttime，nexttime等⑥since自从……起，主句用现在完成时⑦bythetime到……时候为止，主句常常与完成时连用⑧themoment后面直接跟句子，意为“一……就……”，相同用法的还有theminute，theinstant，directly，immediately，instantly⑨before到……为止，在……之前⑩as随着1.“by＋过去的时间”引导的时间状语从句：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；主句用将来完成时，从句用一般现在时或现在完成时。Ihadrememberedabout2,000wordsbythetimeIgraduatedfromjuniorhighschool.到初中毕业为止，我已经记了大约两千个单词了。Bythetimeyoucomeback，wewillhavefinishedthejob.到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。2.before的特殊用法。(1)Itwillbe＋时间段＋before从句(一般现在时)Itwillbefourhoursbeforehisflightarrives.要过四个小时之后，他的航班才会抵达。(2)It＋was＋时间段＋before从句(一般过去时)Itwastenyearsbeforethecouplemetagain.十年之后，这对夫妇才再次相见。3.since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”，常用结构为“Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since...”(从句用一般过去时)。Ithasbeenfourheartbreakingyearssincethewarbrokeout.自战争爆发以来已有令人心碎的四个年头了。4.till/until的用法。till/until用于肯定句，表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能用于句首。Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething，youmayresearch，study，andtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout.如果你有不懂的东西，你可以研究、学习以及和其他人进行交谈，直到你把它弄明白。Shedidn’tstartthelessonuntilthepupilssettleddown.直到学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。5.表示“一……就……”的连词(短语)。(1)assoonas，themoment，theminute，theinstant，immediately，directly，instantly等。Themomentmyauntgainedherdiplomaafterfouryearsofhardwork，shewasfilledwithjoy.我姑姑苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。(2)在hardly...when...，nosooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，when或than所在的从句用一般过去时。Ihadhardlygottotheofficewhenmywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.我一到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。1.Not______wesucceedinlettingwildlifeliveinpeacecanwesmileinrelief.2.Airpollutionisgettingmoreandmoreserious，sowemusttakeaction_______itistoolate.3.Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeech____thestudentsstartedcheering.4.Theshopkeeperinformsusthatitwillbeaweek_______ourpackageisdelivered.5.Ithasbeenages______Jackbecameamemberofthefamousclub.untilbeforethanbefore返回对点练习since其他状语从句考点精讲三⑥Ifyoumakereadingadailyhabit，youwillopenyourselfuptoaworldofbenefits.⑤Whereveryouare，youcanimmerseyourselfintheknowledgeandstorieswithinbooks.①Asreadingexposesustodiverseperspectives，itsignificantlybroadensourhorizons.Weshouldengagewithbooks⑧sothatwecandevelopcriticalthinkingskills.③Althoughmodernlifeisfilledwithdigitaldistractions，thevalueofreadingaphysicalbookcannotbereplaced.Theexperienceofholdingabookisoftenmoresatisfying④thanscrollingthroughascreenis.⑦Weshouldreadactivelyasifwewerehavingaconversationwiththeauthor，questioningandreflectingalongtheway.Manypeoplefindthemselvessoabsorbedinagoodbook②thattheycompletelylosetrackoftime.①为原因状语从句②为结果状语从句③为让步状语从句④为比较状语从句⑤为地点状语从句⑥为条件状语从句⑦为方式状语从句⑧为目的状语从句规则感悟1.让步状语从句(1)although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。Although/Thoughhemaybetroubled，healwayspresentsacalmsmilingface.尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的笑脸。Inexperiencedashewasintheproject，heproposedthemostinnovativesolutionthateventuallyledtooursuccess.尽管他在这个项目中缺乏经验，他却提出了最具创新性的解决方案，并最终引领我们走向成功。(2)although与though都可以与yet，still，nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。Although/Thoughitwasraininghard，yettheywentonplayingfootball.虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。(3)while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems，Idon’tagreethattheycannotbesolved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。(4)nomatterwho(what，when，which，how等)引导让步状语从句时，相当于“who(what，when，which，how等)＋-ever”，表示“无论何人(什么，何时，哪个/些，怎样等)”。Nomatterhowcomplextheequationsseem，Iamdeterminedtosolvethemstepbystep.无论这些方程式看起来多么复杂，我都决心一步步解决它们。WhateverdifficultiesandsetbacksIencounter，Iwillnevergiveuponmygoalofmasteringanewlanguage.无论我遇到什么困难和挫折，我都不会放弃掌握一门新语言的目标。(5)whether...or...引导让步状语从句时，意为“不管……，还是……”。Whetherhecomeshereorwegothere，thetopicofthediscussionwillremainunchanged.不管他来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都会保持不变。(6)evenif/though引导的让步状语从句evenif/though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。Timisingoodshapephysicallyeventhough/ifhedoesn’tgetmuchexercise.即使蒂姆不怎么锻炼，他的身体状况也很好。2.目的状语从句(1)inorderthat与sothat引导的目的状语从句inorderthat比sothat正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；而sothat引导的从句只能置于主句之后。Speakloudersothat/inorderthatthepeopleinthehallcanallhearyou.大点声讲，以便大厅里的人都能听见。Inorderthatwegetthereontime，weshouldsetoutearly.为了准时赶到那里，我们应该早点出发。(2)forfearthat与incase引导的目的状语从句forfearthat表示“唯恐；生怕”；incase表示“以免，以防”。Leaveyourkeywithyourneighborincaseyoulockyourselfoutoneday.留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。3.结果状语从句Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn’tsupporthisfamily.他挣如此少的钱，以至于养不起家。Heissuchalearnedpersonthatwealladmirehimverymuch.＝Heissolearnedapersonthatwealladmirehimverymuch.他是如此知识渊博的一个人，以至于我们都非常欣赏他。注意：当“so＋adj./adv.”或“such＋n.”置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。SoanxiousamIthatIcan’tsleepuntildeepintothenight.我是如此焦虑以至于直到深夜我才能睡着。(3)sothat也可以引导结果状语从句，从句中往往没有情态动词，而且主从句之间常用逗号隔开。Hedidn’tobeythecontract，sothathewasfined.他没有遵守合约，因此他被罚了款。4.条件状语从句if，unless，so/aslongas，incase，onconditionthat，supposing/suppose(that)等都可以引导条件状语从句。条件状语从句要注意“主将从现”的用法。unless意义上等于ifnot，在应用时如果不把握可以用ifnot替换一下，讲得通的话，才能使用unless。Unlessyoumaintainabalanceddietandexerciseregularly，youcannotexpecttostayingoodhealth.除非你保持均衡饮食和规律运动，否则别指望能维持良好健康。5.地点状语从句where意为“在某个地方”；wherever意为“无论在哪里”。Wherevermyfuturecareerpathmayleadme，Iamdeterminedtomaintainmyintegrityandkeeplearning.无论我未来的职业道路将通向何方，我决心保持正直，并坚持学习。6.原因状语从句because意为“因为”，语气强烈，表示事情发生的直接原因，常用来回答why的提问；since意为“既然，由于”，语气较弱，通常置于句首，表示说话双方都知道的原因；as表示双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，含义与since相同，但语气更弱；nowthat意为“既然，由于”，用已成事实的原因作为前提。Nowthatyou’vegrownup，youmustlearntostandonyourownfeet.你既然已经长大成人，就得学会独立生活。1.Well，I’mworkingonahugeassignmentand____Idon’tdowell，itwillruinmyreputationasanexcellentaccountant!2.Weshouldstrivetoappreciatethelocalcustomsandtraditions，_________ourjourneysmaytakeus.3.Difficultchallenge___________itis，overcomingitwillundoubtedlybuildourcharacterandmakeusstronger.4.Ifguestsareseatedatthetable，hostsmayservethefood，oritmaybepassedso_____eachpersonmayhelphimself.对点练习ifwhereveras/thoughthat5.Enjoyingafreshmorningisimportant___________itcansetthemoodfortherestoftheday.6.Hespeakssoslowlyandstrangely_____ittakespatiencetounderstandwhatheissaying.7.Shewassoabsorbedinherbookas__________theoutsideworldheldnodistractionforher.8.Aslongasinsectshappentotouchthewebs，nomatter_______hardtheytry，theycan’tescape.because/asthatif/thoughhow解题策略解题策略1.Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(体重指数)across200countries，thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier_____thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.2.______somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess，othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.3.Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic________ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.4.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblem_______wecansolveit.andWhilebecausebefore返回考点分层演练PartFour层级一基础达标练1.Theexplosionrockedthelakewithsuchaforce_____deadfishimmediatelybegantosurface.2.Inaddition，forestshavebeendecreasingrapidly__________toomanytreeshavebeencutdown.3.IfyoulookattheoutsideofaHuizhouhouse，itseemsenclosed(封闭的)bywalls，_____theinsideisopenandbroad.4.Duringthepastdecade，hehasbeenphotographingthecity，capturingitsbeauty_____sharingthesephotosonlineandinexhibitions.thatbecause/asbutand5.Ihadhardlysatdownonthetrainandopenedabarofchocolate_____anoldmanwithhugebagssatdownacrossfromme.6.IfyouvisitNepal，youwillfindNepaleseoftengreeteachotherwiththehandspressedtogetherinsteadofshakinghands，______inNorthAmericaandtheU.K.，peoplegreetoneanotherbyshakinghands.7.InthestateofIowa，____youlivemorethanamileawayfromschoolyoucangetaschoolpermit.8.TenyearslaterIstillkeepintouchwithmyclassmates，_______________I’venevermetthemaftergraduation.whenwhileifthough/although9.Butfornow，theyallhavetopostponetheirplans_________thewinterstormspass.10.Dorememberthatitisunwisetotrusthim，__________hesays.until/tillwhatever层级二高考真题练1.Butit’samazinghowyoucanadapt_____learninanewenvironment.(2025·全国二)2.“Customerstodaylookpastthefactthatsomethingissecondhandandfocusinsteadonthefactthattheyhavesomethinguniquetowear____arenotoverstuffingtheirownwardrobes(衣柜)orcontributingtolandfill.”(2025·浙江1月)3.Eitheryourshoppingisthentooheavytocarryhome____youcan’tusewhatyou’veboughtwhileit’sstillfresh.(2024·浙江1月)andandor4.Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork，________somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.(2023·全国乙)5.Toeatone，youhavetodecidewhethertobiteasmallholeinitfirst，releasingthesteamandriskingaspill(溢出)，_____toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth，lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue(舌头).(2023·新课标Ⅰ)6.Feelingfearfulishealthy_________ithelpsyouslowdownandevaluaterisksproperly.(2021·天津6月)but/yetorbecause7.Weallneedtogetinvolvedinsavingenergy_________it’satwork，athome，oratschool.(2021·天津3月)8.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept_________thelate1980s.(2021·全国乙)9.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig_____untiltheydied，andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.(2020·新课标Ⅰ)10._________heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist，theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver.(2020·全国Ⅲ)whetheruntil/tillorWhen/As层级三语篇提能练FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinesedishesisseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners1.__________cometoChinacookmuchless2._____intheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.Istillremember3._______(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshocked4._____Ilearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.who/thatthanvisitingwhen5._____________________regularlyeatingoutseemstohavebecomecommonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears，it’snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney；eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybeaffordable6._____doingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven7._______(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtheriseinweightproblems.While/Though/Althoughbuthigher8.____youarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem，thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shome9._____dinner，getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealth10._____inyourpocket.Ifforbut返回语法链接写作PartFive写作增分亮句1.notonly...but(also)...倒装典例

(2025·浙江1月)首先，这不仅会分散相关学生的注意力，也会影响周围同学，可能干扰大家的学习和日常生活。Firstly，itcanserveasadistractionnotonlyforthestudentsinvolvedbutalsoforthosearoundthem，potentiallyimpactingtheirstudiesanddailyroutines.运用

(2025·全国一)首先，通过记录校园趣事，我们不仅能缓解学业压力，还能提升写作能力。First，______________________________________________________________________________bydocumentingfunactivitiesatschool.notonlycanweeaseacademicstressbutwecanalsoenhanceourwritingproficiency2.祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句典例

(2025·全国一)为我们的英文报增设《校园趣事》栏目，它将为我们学生提供既有趣又有益的内容。Add“Funatmyschool”toourEnglishnewspaper，anditwillofferengagingandbeneficialcontenttousstudents.运用

(2025·全国二)请在6月17日前提交稿件，以便我们有充足时间进行编辑。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SubmityourarticlebeforeJune17th，andwewillhaveenoughtimetoeditit.3.so...that...引导结果状语从句典例

(2025·全国一)我当时只顾着控制派对场面，却未曾想到在这段艰难时期托比对我哥哥有多么重要。IhadbeensofocusedonkeepingthepartyundercontrolthatIfailedtoconsiderhowimportantTobywastomybrotherduringthisdifficulttime.运用

(2025·全国一)我是如此内疚以至于不知如何弥补我的过失。______________________________________________________