备考2027中考英语一轮复习之七八年级核心考点讲练-非谓语动词：不定式与动名词

七八年级核心考点精讲精练

专题七非谓语动词：不定式与动名词

【教材出处】

♦七下Unit1Thesecretsofhappiness：动名词作主语(Readingisfun.)

♦八上Module1"HowtolearnEnglish”：疑问词+不定式(howtoimproveEnglish)

♦，'上Module2"Myhometownandmycountry''：Ittakessb+时间+todo

♦八上Module5Unit1"IwantedtoseetheBeijingOpera"：不定式作宾语(want/dccide/hopc)

♦八上Module6Unit1"Ilallowspeopletogetclosertothem,^：不定式作宾语补足语

(allow/ask/tell/wantsbtodo)

♦八上Module7"Afamousstory”：seesbdo/seesbdoing

♦八下Unit1Careertalks：不定式作目的状语、It's+adj.+(for/ofsb)+todo

♦八下Unit3Whatmakesagreatteam?：too...to/enoughto

♦，'下Unit4Helpingout：动词+doing(enjoy/finish/mind^ractice/keep/avoid)

♦八下Unit6Livingwithnature：beusedtodoing

【考点精讲】

考点一非谓语动词概述

一个简单句中只能有一套谓语动词，其余动词必须使用非谓语形式。非谓语分三类：不定式(todo).

动名词(doing)、分词(现在分词doing/过去分词done)。本专题仅讲解不定式与动名词。

形式核心含义可充当句子成分

todo(不定式)表目的、将来、单次具体动作宾语、宾补、状语、定语、主语

doing（动名词）表泛指、习惯性、经常性动作主语、宾语、介词宾语

补充区分：动名词doing本质相当于名词；现在分词doing相当于形容词/副词，二者书写形式一致、

句法功能完全不同。

考点二动词不定式（todo）的句法功能

一、作宾语

1.动词+todo（固定搭配）

动词释义例句

want想要Iwanttobuyanewbike.

decide决定Hedecidedtostudyabroad.

hope希望ShehopestovisitBeijing.

agree同意Theyagreedtohelpus.

plan计WeplantotraveltoShanghai.

learn学习Helearnedtoswimbyhimself.

wish盼望Iwishtobecomeadoctor.

choose选择Shechosetostayathome.

afford负担得起Wccan'taffordtobuyacar.

refuse拒绝Herefusedtoanswerthequestion.

promise承诺Shepromisedtocomeontime.

pretend假装Hepretendedtobeasleep.

特殊结构：不定式作宾语且后带宾补时，用i［作形式宾语，不定式后置。

例：IfinditinterestingtolearnEnglish,（it形式宾语，lolearnEnglish真正宾语）

2.疑问词+todo

结构：疑问词（what/which/when/wherc/how/whether）+不定式等同于宾语从句简化，可作动词/介

词克语.

1.作动词宾语

Idon'tknowwhattodo.=Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddo.

Sheislearninghowtocook.=Sheislearninghowshecancook.

2.作介词宾语

Heaskedmeaboutwheretogo.=Heaskedmeaboutwhereheshouldgo.

使用要点：what/which在不定式内部充当主语或宾语；where/when/how仅作状语。

例：Idon'tknowwhattobuy.（what作buy宾语）；Idon'tknowwheretogo.（where作地点状语）

二、作宾语补足语

结构：动词+sb+todo,否定式统一为sbnottodo

动词释义例句

tell告诉Shetoldmetowaithere.

ask请求Heaskedmetohelphim.

want想要Iwantyoutogowithme.

allow允许Theydon'tallowustosmokehere.

encourage鼓励Theteacherencouragedustotryagain.

advise建议Thedoctoradvisedmetorest.

expect期待Weexpectyoutosucceed.

warn警告Hewarnedmenottogothere.

否定示例：Hetoldmenottobelate.

三、作目的状语

表“为了……”，可放句末（常规）或句首（强调目的）；可用inorderto替换加强语气，soasto不

能置于句首。

1.句末：ShewenttoBeijingtostudyChinese.

2.句首：Togetgoodgrades,wemuststudyhard.

四、作后置定语

放在名词/不定代词后，表“将要去做的……”；若修饰不及物动词，末尾必须补充对应介词。

1.Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.

2.Sheneedsaroomtolivein.（live不及物，必须加in）

3.Heislookingforsomethingtoeat.

拓展搭配:apentowritewith、achairtositon

五、作主语

常用il作形式主语，不定式后置，避免句子头重脚轻。

句型1:It+be+adj.+（for/ofsb）+todosth

forsb：形容词描述事物本身属性（easy/difficult/important/necessary）

It'simportantforustoprotecttheenvironment.

ofsb：形容词描述人的性格品质（kind/nice/clcver/foolish/polite）

It'skindofyoutohelpme.

句型2:Ittakes/tooksb+时间段+todosth做某事花费某人多久

Ittakesmehalfanhourtogettoschool.

Ittookhertwohourstofinishthework.

六、省略to的不定式（感官/使役动词）

主动语态中，see/walch/hear/notice/feel/make/lel/have后接宾语+动词原形（省to）；被动语态必须还

原10。

分类动词基础结构例句

感官动词see/watch/hear/notice/feelseesbdosthIsawhimentertheroom.

使役动词makc/lct/havcmakesbdosthShemademewaitforanhour.

关键区分：seesbdovsseesbdoing

secsbdo：看见动作完整全过程

Isawhimcrosstheslreel.（我看见他过完了马路）

seesbdoing：看见动作正在发生

Isawhimcrossingthestreet.（我看见他当时正在过马路）

被动还原to示例

主动：Isawhimentertheroom.

被动：Hewasseentoentertheroom.

主动：Shemademewail.

被动'Iwasmadefawaitforanhour.

七、不定式核心句型汇总

I.loo+形/副+lodo太..而不能....

Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.

2.形/副+enough+lodo足够..可以做....

Heisoldenoughtodriveacar.

3.疑问词+todo该如何/何时/何地做..

Idon'tknowwhattosay.

注意：too...to本身自带否定含义，无需额外加not；enough修饰形容词/副词时后置。

考点三动名词（doing）的句法功能

一、作宾语（固定搭配）

动词、介词短语后接doing作宾语

动词/短语释义例句

enjoy喜爱Sheenjoysreadingnovels.

finish完成Hefinishedwritingthereport.

mind介意Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?

practice练习Ipracticeplayingthepianoeveryday.

keep持续、保持Keepworkinghard.

avoid避免Weshouldavoidmakingmistakes.

consider考虑Sheconsideredmovingtoanewcity.

suggest建议Hesuggestedgoingtothepark.

imagine想象Ican'timaginelivingwithoutwater.

miss错过Shemissedcatchingthetrain.

giveup放弃Hegaveupsmoking.

lookforwardto期待Wclookforwardtomeetingyou.

begoodat擅长Sheisgoodatswimming.

beafraidof害怕Heisafraidofspeakinginpublic.

beusedto习惯于Sheisusedtogettingupearly.

payattentionto注意Youshouldpayattentiontolisteninginclass.

feellike想要Ifeellikeeatingsomething.

can'thelp忍不住Ican'thelplaughing.

判断to的属性：to后接动词原形=不定式符号；t。后接名词/doing=介词。

二、作主语

动名词表泛指习惯性动作，谓语动词用单数。

Readingisfun.

Swimmingisgoodforhealth.

WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.

对比不定式作主语：

Readingmakesmehappy.（泛指阅读这件事）

Toreadthisbookismyplanfortoday.（特指今天要读书这个具体计划）

三、作介词宾语

介词后只能用doing,不能用todo

Sheisinterestedindancing.

Heleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.

Thankyouforhelpingme.

考点四同一动词后todo/doing含义不同

动词+todo（未发生/将来）+doing（已发生/正在做）

remember记得要去做杲事记得做过果事

forget忘记要去做某事忘记曾经做过某事

regret将要做，感到遗憾做过某事，感到后悔

stop停下当前事，去做另一件停止正在做的事

try努力、尽力去做尝试某种方法做

goon做完一件，继续做另一件不间断继续做同一件事

mean打算、计划做意味着

例句对比

1.Remembertocloseihewindow.（记得待会关窗，还没关）

Irememberclosingthewindow.（我记得之前关过窗）

2.Heforgottoturnoffthelight（忘了关灯，灯现在亮着）

Heforgotturningoffthelight（不记得自己曾经关过灯）

3.Slopiohavearest.（停下手里的活，去休息）

Stophavingarest.（别再休息了，继续干活）

4.ItrytolearnEnglishwell.（我尽全力学好英语）

ItrylearningEnglishbylisteningtomusic.（我试着用听歌的方法学英语）

【高频失分点】

失分点一不定式漏写to

want/dccide/hopc/agree/plan/learn/wish/choose/afford/rcfuse/promise/pretcnd后必须加todo,不可直接加

动词原形。

误：Iwantgoshopping.

正：Iwanttogoshopping.

失分点二被动语态省略to的不定式忘记还原to

主动：Isawhimentertheroom.

被动：Hewasseentoentertheroom.

误：Hewasseenentertheroom.

失分点三seesbdo/seesbdoing语境混淆

全过程、动作结束用do；

某一时刻动作正在发生用doing.

1.Isawhimcrossthestreetandthenhedisappeared.（完整过程,cross）

2.IsawhimcrossingthestreetwhenIwaswaitingforthebus.（当时正在过马路，crossing；

失分点四介词后误用todo

lookforwardto/begoodat/beafraidof/beusedto/payattentionto/giveup/feellike/can,thelp,短语中

to为介词,后接doing。

误：Ilookforwardtoseeyou.

正：Ilookforwardtoseeingyou.

失分点五remember/forget/stop/try两类搭配语义混淆

解题判断逻辑：动作是否已经完成。

误']remembertolockthedoor,butIcan'tfindthekey(逻辑矛盾，门已经锁了,用doing)

正：Irememberlockingthedoor,butIcan'tfindthekey.

失分点六区分usedtodo/beusedtodoing

短语to属性含义例句

usedtodo不定式符号过去常常（现在不）Iusedtogetuplate.

beusedtodoing介词习惯于Iamusedtogettinguplate.

误：Iusedtogettinguplate.

正：Iusedtogetuplate.

【九年级衔接预览】

九年级Module7Greatbooks：不定式作结果状语、动名词复合结构one'sdoing；

九年级Module8Myfuturelife：不定式定语、目的状语拓展。

九年级阅读与写作中非谓语动词出现频率大幅提升，复习重点：动词搭配、被动还原t。、区分介词

t。与不定式t。、疑问词+不定式。

三级过关精练

过关--基础达标

一、用所给动词的适当形式填空

i.Shewants_______(visit)theGreatWall.

2.1enjoy_______(read)booksinmyfreetime.

3.Hedecided_______(study)abroadaftergraduation.

4.Wouldyoumind________(close)thewindow?

5.Sheisgoodat_______(dance).

6.Isawhim_______(cross)thestreetwhenIwaswaitingforthebus.

7.It'simportant______(learn)Englishwell.

8.Hefinished________(write)thereportyesterday.

9.Shepractices_______(play)thepianoeveryday.

10Weplan_______(travel)toShanghainextweek.

二、单项选择

11.Shehopestotheparty.

A.comeB.tocomeC.comingD.came

121enjoyintheriverinsummer.

A.swimB.toswimC.swimmingD.swam

13.Theteachertolduslateforschool.

A.nottobeB.notbeC.tonotbeD.don'tbe

14.Shewenttothelibrarysomebooks.

A.borrowB.toborrowC.borrowingD.borrowed

15.Irememberthedoor,butI'mnotsure.

A.lockB.tolockC.lockingD.locked

16.Heisusedtoupearly.

A.getB.gettingC.getsD.got

17.IsawhimthestreetwhenIwaswaitingforthebus.

A.crossB.tocrossC.crossedD.crossing

18.Sheislookingforwardtoyou.

A.seeB.toseeC.seeingD.saw

19.Il'skindyoutohelpme.

A.forB.withC.toD.of

20.Hestoppedarestbecausehewastired.

A.tohaveB.haveC.havingD.had

过关二-能力提升

三、用所给动词的适当形式填空

21.Pleaseremember(turn)offthelightwhenyouleave.

22.Ican'thelp(laugh)whenIseethefunnypicture.

23.Shepretended(be)asleepwhenhermothercamein.

24.Weshouldavoid(make)thesamemistake.

25.Hewasmade(work)12hoursaday.

四、单项选择

26Shedecidedanewjob.

A.findB.tofindC.findingD.found

27.Ienjoywithmyfriendsonweekends.

A.chatB.tochatC.chattingD.chatted

28.Theteacherencouragedushard.

A.studyB.studiedC.studyingD.tostudy

29Hewenttothestationhisfriend.

A.meetB.tomeetC.meetingD.met

30.Iforgotthewindow.It'sstillopen.

A.closeB.closedC.closingD.toclose

31.Sheisafraidofinpublic.

A.speakB.tospeakC.speakingD.spoke

32.Isawtheboytheclassroomquietlywhentheteacherwaswritingontheblackboard.

A.enterB.toenterC.enteringD.entered

33.It'sdifficulttheproblemin5minutes.

A.solveB.tosolveC.solvingD.solved

34.Hetriedthedoor,butitwaslocked.

A.toopenB.opcnC.openingD.opened

35.Shelooksforwardtoyouagain.

A.seeB.seeingC.toseeD.saw

过关三♦综合突破

五、短文填空：用括号内动词的不定式/动名词形式填空

Lastsummer,Idecided36(learn)howtoswim.Myfatherencouragedme37

(take)swimminglessons.Iwasafraidof38(dive)intothewateratfirst,butmyteachertaught

me39(relax)inthewater.

Ipracticed40(swim)everyday.Aftertwoweeks,Icouldswim50metreswithout

41(stop).Iremember42(feel)veryproudwhenIswamacrossthepoolfbrthefirst

time.Myfatherpromised43(take)metothebeachnextsummer.Ican'twait44(go)

there.Iamlookingforwardto45(swim)inthesea.

参考答案与解析

过关一♦基础达标

一、动词适当形式填空

I.tovisit(wanttodo固定搭配)

2.reading(enjoydoing固定搭配)

3.tostudy(decidetodo)

4.closing(minddoing)

5.dancing(at是介词，介词后doing)

6.crossing(when引导过去进行时，强调当时动作