2026年江苏省北师大版初中英语第8单元语法专项训练习题

2026年江苏省北师大版初中英语第8单元语法专项训练习题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.The8thunitoftheNorthNormalUniversityeditionEnglishtextbookforjuniorhighschoolinJiangsuProvincein2026mainlyfocusesonthegrammaticalstructureof______.A.presentperfecttensewith"have"and"has"B.pastcontinuoustensewith"was"and"were"C.futuresimpletensewith"will"and"shall"D.presentperfectcontinuoustensewith"havebeen"and"hasbeen"Answer:AExplanation:The8thunitspecificallytargetsthepresentperfecttense,emphasizingitsusagewith"have"and"has"todescribeactionscompletedinthepastwithrelevancetothepresent.Theotheroptionscorrespondtodifferentunits:pastcontinuous(Unit6),futuresimple(Unit9),andpresentperfectcontinuous(Unit7),allofwhichareoutsidethescopeofthisunit.Thequestionrequiresidentifyingthecorrectgrammaticalfocusforthe8thunit,withoptionAaligningpreciselywiththecurriculum.2.Whenusingthepresentperfecttenseinthe8thunit,whichsentencecorrectlyexpressesanactioncompletedinthepastbutwithresultsaffectingthepresent?A.Shewenttothesupermarketyesterday.B.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework.C.Hewasplayingbasketballlastnight.D.Therainwillstopsoon.Answer:BExplanation:Thepresentperfecttense("havefinished")isusedtodescribeacompletedaction("finishedhomework")withrelevancetothepresent("have").OptionAusesthepastsimple("went"),optionCusesthepastcontinuous("wasplaying"),andoptionDusesthefuturesimple("willstop"),allofwhichdonotmatchthepresentperfect'srequirementoflinkingpastactionstothepresent.Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishthepresentperfectfromothertensesbyanalyzingcontextualrelevance.3.Inthe8thunit,whichadverbialphraseiscommonlyusedwiththepresentperfecttensetoindicateaperiodoftime?A.nextweekB.since2020C.yesterdayeveningD.at5o'clockAnswer:BExplanation:Thephrase"since2020"isastandardadverbialforthepresentperfecttense,indicatinganactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.OptionA("nextweek")isfuture-oriented,optionC("yesterdayevening")ispast-oriented,andoptionD("at5o'clock")istime-specificbutnotsuitableforthepresentperfect.Thequestionassessesknowledgeofadverbialusagewiththetargettense.4.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactionthatbeganinthepastandisstillongoing?A.Shehaslivedinthiscityforfiveyears.B.TheywenttothemuseumlastSunday.C.Hewillvisithisgrandparentsnextmonth.D.Thetrainarrivedatthestationtenminutesago.Answer:AExplanation:Thestructure"haslived"with"forfiveyears"alignswiththepresentperfect'smeaningofanactionstartinginthepastandcontinuingtothepresent.OptionBusesthepastsimple("went"),optionCusesthefuturesimple("willvisit"),andoptionDusesthepastsimple("arrived").Thequestionteststheabilitytoidentifythecorrecttenseforcontinuouspast-to-presentactions.5.Inthe8thunit,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensetodescribearepeatedactioninthepast?A.Hehaseatenbreakfastthismorning.B.Shewenttothelibrarythreetimes.C.Theyhavewatchedthatmovietwice.D.Thesunrisesintheeast.Answer:CExplanation:Thephrase"havewatchedtwice"withthepresentperfecttenseindicatesarepeatedactioninthepast("watchedthatmovie")withnospecifictimelimit.OptionAusesthepresentsimple("haseaten"),optionBusesthepastsimple("went"),andoptionDisageneraltruthinthepresentsimple.Thequestionassessesthepresentperfect'suseforhabitualpastactions.6.Whenusingthepresentperfecttenseinthe8thunit,whichsentencecorrectlyexpressesanactionthathappenedatanunspecifiedtimeinthepast?A.Ihaveseenthatmovielastnight.B.ShehasvisitedParisin2019.C.Theyhavelosttheirkeys.D.Hehaseatendinnerat7PM.Answer:CExplanation:Thesentence"havelosttheirkeys"usesthepresentperfecttodescribeanunspecifiedpastaction("lostkeys")withoutaspecifictimereference.OptionAspecifies"lastnight"(pastsimple),optionBspecifies"in2019"(pastsimple),andoptionDspecifies"at7PM"(pastsimple).Thequestionteststheabilitytorecognizethepresentperfect'suseforunspecifiedpastactions.7.Inthe8thunit,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotherpastevent?A.ShehasfinishedherhomeworkandsheiswatchingTVnow.B.Theywenttotheparkbecausetheyhavefinishedtheirdinner.C.HehasstudiedEnglishsincehewasachild.D.Therainstoppedbecauseithadbeenrainingallday.Answer:DExplanation:Thestructure"hadbeenraining"with"beforeitstopped"usesthepresentperfectcontinuoustodescribeanactioncompletedbeforeanotherpastevent.OptionAusesthepresentsimple("iswatching"),optionBusesthepresentperfect("havefinished"),andoptionCuses"since"(presentperfect).Thequestionassessesthepresentperfect'suseinpasttimesequences.8.Whenusingthepresentperfecttenseinthe8thunit,whichsentencecorrectlyexpressesanactionthatwascompletedataspecifictimeinthepast?A.TheyhavetraveledtoJapanlastsummer.B.Shehaswrittenaletteryesterday.C.Hehascalledhismotherat8PM.D.Thegamehasendedat9o'clock.Answer:CExplanation:Thesentence"hascalled"with"at8PM"usesthepresentperfecttodescribeacompletedpastactionataspecifictime.OptionAspecifies"lastsummer"(pastsimple),optionBspecifies"yesterday"(pastsimple),andoptionDusesthepastsimple("hasended").Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishthepresentperfectfromthepastsimpleintime-specificcontexts.9.Inthe8thunit,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactionthatwascompletedrecentlybutwithresultsaffectingthepresent?A.Ihaveboughtanewcarlastweek.B.Shewenttothestoreyesterday.C.Theyhaverepairedtheroof.D.Hehasstudiedfortheexamfortwohours.Answer:CExplanation:Thesentence"haverepairedtheroof"usesthepresentperfecttodescribearecentcompletedaction("repaired")withpresentrelevance("have").OptionAspecifies"lastweek"(pastsimple),optionBusesthepastsimple("went"),andoptionDusesthepresentperfectcontinuous("hasstudied").Thequestionassessesthepresentperfect'suseforrecentactionswithpresentimplications.10.Whenusingthepresentperfecttenseinthe8thunit,whichsentencecorrectlyexpressesanactionthatwascompletedinthepastbutisnotrelevanttothepresent?A.Shehasgraduatedfromhighschool.B.Theywenttothebeachlastweekend.C.Hehaseatendinner.D.Themeetinghasstartedat3PM.Answer:BExplanation:Thesentence"wenttothebeach"usesthepastsimpletodescribeacompletedpastaction("lastweekend")thatisnotrelevanttothepresent.OptionA("hasgraduated")ispresent-relevant,optionC("haseaten")ispresent-relevant,andoptionD("hasstarted")ispresent-relevant.Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishthepastsimplefromthepresentperfectinnon-present-relevantcontexts.二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthat______inthepastbuthaveresults______tothepresent.Answer:happened;relevantExplanation:Thepresentperfecttenseconnectspastactionstothepresent,eitherthroughresults("relevant")orongoingtime("for").Thefirstblankrequires"happened"todescribepastcompletion,andthesecondblankrequires"relevant"toindicatepresentconnection.2.Whenusingthepresentperfecttenseinthe8thunit,theadverbial"since"isusedtoindicatethe______oftheaction,while"for"isusedtoindicatethe______oftheaction.Answer:startingpoint;durationExplanation:"Since"specifiesthestartingpointofapastaction("since2020"),while"for"specifiestheduration("forfiveyears").Thequestionteststhegrammaticalfunctionoftheseadverbialswiththepresentperfect.3.Thesentence"Shehaslivedinthiscityfortenyears"usesthepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactionthat______inthepastandcontinues______tothepresent.Answer:started;stillExplanation:Thepresentperfect("haslived")indicatesanactionthatstartedinthepast("started")andcontinuestothepresent("still").Thequestionassessestheabilitytoanalyzethetemporalcontinuityofthepresentperfect.4.Thesentence"TheyhavevisitedParistwice"usesthepresentperfecttensetodescribea______actioninthepastwithnospecifictimereference.Answer:repeatedExplanation:Thephrase"havevisitedtwice"indicatesarepeatedaction("repeated")inthepastwithoutspecifyingwheneachvisitoccurred.Thequestionteststhepresentperfect'suseforhabitualpastactions.5.Thesentence"HehasstudiedEnglishsincehewasachild"usesthepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactionthat______inthepastandcontinues______tothepresent.Answer:started;stillExplanation:Thepresentperfect("hasstudied")indicatesanactionthatstartedinthepast("started")andcontinuestothepresent("still").Theadverbial"since"specifiesthestartingpoint("sincehewasachild").6.Thesentence"Therainhasbeenpouringforthreehours"usesthepresentperfectcontinuoustensetodescribeanactionthat______inthepastandisstill______.Answer:started;ongoingExplanation:Thepresentperfectcontinuous("hasbeenpouring")indicatesanactionthatstartedinthepast("started")andisstillongoing("ongoing").Thequestionteststheabilitytoanalyzethecontinuousnatureofthistense.7.Thesentence"Shehasfinishedherhomework"usesthepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactionthat______inthepastwithresults______tothepresent.Answer:completed;relevantExplanation:Thepresentperfect("hasfinished")indicatesacompletedpastaction("completed")withpresentrelevance("relevant").Thequestionassessesthepresentperfect'suseforcompletedactionswithpresentimplications.8.Thesentence"TheyhavetraveledtoJapanlastsummer"incorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensebecausethetimereference"lastsummer"is______.Answer:specificExplanation:Thepastsimple("went")ismoreappropriateforspecificpasttimereferenceslike"lastsummer."Thepresentperfectisusedforunspecifiedorongoingpastactions.Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishbetweentensesintime-specificcontexts.9.Thesentence"Hehascalledhismotherat8PM"correctlyusesthepresentperfecttensebecausethetimereference"at8PM"is______.Answer:specificExplanation:Thepastsimplewouldbemorenaturalfor"at8PM,"butthepresentperfectcanbeusedifthefocusisonthecompletedaction'spresentrelevance.However,thequestionteststhecorrectuseofthepresentperfectintime-specificcontexts.10.Thesentence"Thegamehasendedat9o'clock"incorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensebecausethetimereference"at9o'clock"is______.Answer:specificExplanation:Thepastsimple("ended")ismoreappropriateforspecificpasttimereferenceslike"at9o'clock."Thepresentperfectisusedforunspecifiedorongoingpastactions.Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishbetweentensesintime-specificcontexts.三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepast,suchas"Iwenttothestoreyesterday."Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepastsimple("went")isusedforspecificpasttimereferenceslike"yesterday,"whilethepresentperfect("havegone")wouldbeusedforanunspecifiedpastactionwithpresentrelevance.Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishbetweentensesintime-specificcontexts.2.Theadverbial"since"isusedwiththepresentperfecttensetoindicatethedurationofanaction,suchas"Shehaslivedheresince2020."Answer:FalseExplanation:"Since"specifiesthestartingpointofanaction("since2020"),while"for"indicatestheduration("forfiveyears").Thequestionteststhegrammaticalfunctionoftheseadverbialswiththepresentperfect.3.Thesentence"TheyhavetraveledtoJapanlastsummer"correctlyusesthepresentperfecttensebecausethetimereference"lastsummer"isunspecified.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepastsimple("went")ismoreappropriateforspecificpasttimereferenceslike"lastsummer."Thepresentperfectisusedforunspecifiedorongoingpastactions.Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishbetweentensesintime-specificcontexts.4.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatwerecompletedinthepastbutarestillrelevanttothepresent,suchas"Shehasfinishedherhomework."Answer:TrueExplanation:Thepresentperfect("hasfinished")indicatesacompletedpastaction("finishedhomework")withpresentrelevance("have").Thequestionteststheabilitytorecognizethepresentperfect'suseforpresent-relevantpastactions.5.Thesentence"HehasstudiedEnglishfortwohours"usesthepresentperfectcontinuoustensetodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.Answer:TrueExplanation:Thepresentperfectcontinuous("hasbeenstudying")indicatesanactionthatstartedinthepast("started")andcontinuestothepresent("stillongoing").Thequestionteststheabilitytoanalyzethecontinuousnatureofthistense.6.Theadverbial"for"isusedwiththepresentperfecttensetoindicatethestartingpointofanaction,suchas"TheyhavevisitedParisfor2020."Answer:FalseExplanation:"For"specifiesthedurationofanaction("for2020"),while"since"specifiesthestartingpoint("since2020").Thequestionteststhegrammaticalfunctionoftheseadverbialswiththepresentperfect.7.Thesentence"Therainhasbeenpouringsinceyesterday"correctlyusesthepresentperfectcontinuoustensebecausethetimereference"sinceyesterday"isunspecified.Answer:FalseExplanation:"Sinceyesterday"specifiesthestartingpointoftheaction("since"),whilethepresentperfectcontinuousimpliesongoingtime.Thequestionteststheabilitytoanalyzethetemporalreferenceofthepresentperfectcontinuous.8.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepastbutarenotrelevanttothepresent,suchas"Theywenttothebeachlastweekend."Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepastsimple("went")isusedforpastactionsthatarenotrelevanttothepresent.Thepresentperfect("havegone")wouldbeusediftheactionhadpresentrelevance.Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishbetweentensesinnon-present-relevantcontexts.9.Thesentence"Shehasgraduatedfromhighschool"correctlyusesthepresentperfecttensebecausetheactioniscompletedinthepastwithpresentrelevance.Answer:TrueExplanation:Thepresentperfect("hasgraduated")indicatesacompletedpastaction("graduated")withpresentrelevance("have").Thequestionteststheabilitytorecognizethepresentperfect'suseforcompletedactionswithpresentimplications.10.Thesentence"Hehaseatendinnerat7PM"incorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensebecausethetimereference"at7PM"isspecific.Answer:TrueExplanation:Thepastsimple("ate")ismoreappropriateforspecificpasttimereferenceslike"at7PM."Thepresentperfectisusedforunspecifiedorongoingpastactions.Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishbetweentensesintime-specificcontexts.四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthepastsimpletenseinthe8thunit.Answer:Thepresentperfecttense("have/has+pastparticiple")isusedforactionscompletedinthepastbutwithrelevancetothepresent,suchasresults,experiences,orongoingtime.Forexample,"Shehaslivedhereforfiveyears"(presentrelevance).Thepastsimpletense("pastparticiple")isusedforactionscompletedataspecifictimeinthepastwithnopresentrelevance,suchas"Shelivedherelastyear"(nopresentconnection).Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishbetweentensesbasedontemporalandcontextualrelevance.2.Describethefunctionoftheadverbial"since"inthepresentperfecttenseinthe8thunit.Answer:Theadverbial"since"specifiesthestartingpointofanactioninthepast,indicatingthattheactionbeganataparticulartimeandcontinuestothepresent.Forexample,"HehasstudiedEnglishsince2020"(startedin2020andstillongoing).Thequestionteststhegrammaticalfunctionof"since"withthepresentperfect.3.Whyisthepresentperfectcontinuoustense("have/hasbeen+presentparticiple")usedinthe8thunit?Answer:Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandarestillongoing,emphasizingthedurationorcontinuityoftheaction.Forexample,"Therainhasbeenpouringforthreehours"(ongoingaction).Thequestionteststheabilitytorecognizethecontinuousnatureofthistense.4.Provideanexampleofasentencethatcorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactionthatwascompletedrecentlybutisnotrelevanttothepresent.Answer:"Shewenttothestoreyesterday"(pastsimple,notpresentrelevant).Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishthepastsimplefromthepresentperfectinnon-present-relevantcontexts.5.Explainwhythesentence"TheyhavetraveledtoJapanlastsummer"isincorrectinthe8thunit.Answer:Thesentenceisincorrectbecausethetimereference"lastsummer"isspecific,requiringthepastsimple("went")ratherthanthepresentperfect("havetraveled").Thepresentperfectisusedforunspecifiedorongoingpastactions.Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishbetweentensesintime-specificcontexts.6.Describethefunctionoftheadverbial"for"inthepresentperfecttenseinthe8thunit.Answer:Theadverbial"for"specifiesthedurationofanactioninthepast,indicatinghowlongtheactionlasted.Forexample,"Shehaslivedhereforfiveyears"(durationoffiveyears).Thequestionteststhegrammaticalfunctionof"for"withthepresentperfect.7.Provideanexampleofasentencethatcorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensetodescribearepeatedactioninthepast.Answer:"TheyhavevisitedParistwice"(repeatedaction,nospecifictimereference).Thequestionteststhepresentperfect'suseforhabitualpastactions.8.Explainwhythesentence"Thegamehasendedat9o'clock"isincorrectinthe8thunit.Answer:Thesentenceisincorrectbecausethetimereference"at9o'clock"isspecific,requiringthepastsimple("ended")ratherthanthepresentperfect("hasended").Thepresentperfectisusedforunspecifiedorongoingpastactions.Thequestionteststheabilitytodistinguishbetweentensesintime-specificcontexts.五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepresentperfecttense:"Shefinishedherhomeworklastnight."Answer:"Shehasfinishedherhomework."Explanation:Thepastsimple("finished")ischangedtothepresentperfect("hasfinished")toindicatethattheactioniscompletedinthepastbutmayhavepresentrelevance(e.g.,"Shehasfinishedherhomework,soshecanwatchTVnow").Thequestionteststheabilitytoconvertthepastsimpletothepresentperfect.2.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepresentperfectcontinuoustense:"Hehasbeenstudyingfortwohours."Answer:"Hehasbeenstudyingfortwohours."Explanation:Thesentenceisalreadyinthepresentperfectcontinuoustense,emphasizingtheongoingnatureoftheaction("hasbeenstudying").Thequestionteststheabilitytorecognizethecontinuousform.3.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingtheadverbial"since":"Theyhavelivedhereforfiveyears."Answer:"Theyhavelivedheresincefiveyearsago."Explanation:Theadverbial"since"specifiesthestartingpointoftheaction("sincefiveyearsago").Thequestionteststheabilitytoincorporate"since"intothesentence.4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingtheadverbial"for":"ShehastraveledtoJapantwice."Answer:"ShehastraveledtoJapanfortwotrips."Explanation:Theadverbial"for"specifiesthedurationoftheaction("fortwotrips").Thequestionteststheabilitytoincorporate"for"intothesentence.5.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepastsimpletense:"Hehascalledhismother."Answer:"Hecalledhismother."Explanation:Thepresentperfect("hascalled")ischangedtothepastsimple("called")toindicateacompletedpastactionwithnopresentrelevance.Thequestionteststheabilitytoconvertthepresentperfecttothepastsimple.6.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepresentperfecttense:"Therainhasbeenpouringsinceyesterday."Answer:"Therainhasbeenpouringsinceyesterday."Explanation:Thesentenceisalreadyinthepresentperfectcontinuoustense,emphasizingtheongoingnatureoftheaction("hasbeenpouring").Thequestionteststheabilitytorecognizethecontinuousform.7.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingtheadverbial"for":"Shehasgraduatedfromhighschool."Answer:"Shehasgraduatedfromhighschoolforthreeyears."Explanation:Theadverbial"for"specifiesthedurationsincegraduation("forthreeyears").Thequestionteststheabilitytoincorporate"for"intothesentence.8.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepastsimpletense:"TheyhavevisitedParistwice."Answer:"TheyvisitedParistwice."Explanation:Thepresentperfect("havevisited")ischangedtothepastsimple("visited")toindicatecompletedpastactionswithnopresentrelevance.Thequestionteststheabilitytoconvertthepresentperfecttothepastsimple.9.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingtheadverbial"since":"HehasstudiedEnglishforfiveyears."Answer:"HehasstudiedEnglishsincefiveyearsago."Explanation:Theadverbial"since"specifiesthestartingpointoftheaction("sincefiveyearsago").Thequestionteststheabilitytoincorporate"since"intothesentence.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.B3.B4.A5.C6.C7.D8.C9.C10.B二、填空题1.happened;relevant2.startingpoint;duration3.started;still4.repeated5.started;still6.started;ongoing7.completed;relevant8.specific9.specific10.specific三、判断题1.False2.False3.False4.True5.True6.False7.False8.False9.True10.True四、简答题1.Thepresentperfecttense("have/has+pastparticiple")isusedforactionscompletedinthepastbutwithrelevancetothepresent,suchasresults,experiences,orongoingtime.Forexample,"Shehaslivedhereforfiveyears"(presentrelevance).Thepastsimpletense("pastparticiple")isusedforactionscompletedataspecifictimeinthepastwithnopresentrelevance,suchas"Shelivedherelastyear"(nopresentconnection).2.Theadverbial"since"specifiesthestartingpointofanactioninthepast,indicatingthattheactionbeganataparticulartimeandcontinuestothepresent.Forexample,"HehasstudiedEnglishsince2020"(startedin2020andstillongoing).3.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustense("have/hasbeen+presentparticiple")i