2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试·全国甲卷 英语

1/22024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试·全国甲卷英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2024·全国甲卷）EachARTSFIRSTfestivalisauniqueannualcelebrationoftheHarvardcommunity’sartisticcreativity.WeinviteyoutojoinusforthecomingARTSFIRST.WelookforwardtowelcomingyouasweshowcasethecreativityoftheHarvardartscommunitythroughperformances，artexhibitionsandart-makingactivities.ThefestivalisapubliceventforHarvardandcommunitymembersofallages.LightAwashinWatercolorLearnaboutthematerialsandqualitiesofwatercolorpaintwithexpertsfromtheHarvardArtMuseumsMaterialsLab.TryyourhandatsomeofthepaintingtricksusedbyartistswhoseworkswillbeintheupcomingexhibitionofAmericanWatercolors，1880－1990：IntotheLight.SpinelessArtists：InvertebrateCreativityFromwebstococoons，invertebrates（无脊椎动物）createsomeofnature’smostdelicateandbeautifuldesigns.JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumofNaturalHistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherinvertebratesdance，inspirefashionandcreateart，whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraft（手工艺）materials.WheelThrowingJoininstructorsfromtheCeramicsProgramandgreatpottersfromQuincy，CabotandMatherHousesfordemonstrationsusingthepotter’swheel.Thencreateyourownmasterpiece！KnittingandPom-PomMakingJointheHarvardUndergraduateKnittingCircletomakepom-pomsandtasselsoutofthread，orpickupapairofneedlesandlearntoknit（编织）.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了集表演、艺术展览、艺术创作等活动为一体的艺术节：ARTSFIRST艺术节。21.WhatdoweknowaboutARTSFIRST？（）A.Itisanexhibitionofoilpaintings.B.Itoffersartcoursesforallages.C.Itpresentsrecreationalactivities.D.Itisamajortouristattraction.解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，ARTSFIRST艺术节将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力，即ARTSFIRST艺术节提供娱乐活动。22.Whichprogramwillyoujoinifyou’reinterestedindrawingpictures？（）A.LightAwashinWatercolor.B.SpinelessArtists：InvertebrateCreativity.C.WheelThrowing.D.KnittingandPom-PomMaking.解析：A细节理解题。根据LightAwashinWatercolor部分中的Learnabout...ofwatercolorpaint和Tryyourhandatsomeofthepaintingtricks可知，如果你对绘画感兴趣，可以参加LightAwashinWatercolor活动。23.WhatcanyoudotogetherwithJavierMarin？（）A.Practiceatraditionaldance.B.Makehandcrafts.C.Visitalocalmuseum.D.Feedinvertebrates.解析：B细节理解题。根据SpinelessArtists：InvertebrateCreativity部分第二句可知，人们可以和JavierMarin一起用手工艺材料制作自己的“无脊椎艺术家”。B（2024·全国甲卷）Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance，almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals（声音）thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp，scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.Butcatsarespecialcreatureswhopossessamazingvocalizationskills.Theyareabletohaveentireconversationswithhumansusingmeowsandyou’reabletointerpretit.Ifapetcatishungry，itwillkeepmeowingtoattractattentionandfindfood.However，whenacatislookingforaffection，theytendtoproducestretchedandsoftmeows.Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother’sattentionandbefed.Catshavemanyheightenedsenses，buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywillsniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplacetorelax.However，anotherwaythecatsareabletodistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.That’swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats，whichtheydon’tusuallylike.Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit，butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat’sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators（食肉动物）.Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit’sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit！语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了猫的习性。它们的叫声特别，能与人类交流，嗅觉敏锐，能识别主人，许多猫将在外面找到的物品带给主人来表达爱意。24.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcats’meowingfromthefirstparagraph？（）A.It’sasurvivalskill.B.It’staughtbymothercats.C.It’shardtointerpret.D.It’sgettinglouderwithage.解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段第四句至段尾可知，猫用喵喵叫和人对话。如果一只宠物猫饿了，它会不停地喵喵叫以吸引注意力并找到食物。喵喵叫从小猫一出生就开始了，小猫用它来吸引猫妈妈的注意并被喂食，即喵喵叫是猫的生存技能。25.Howdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituations？（）A.Bylisteningforsounds.B.Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.C.Bycheckingonsmells.D.Bycommunicatingwithothercats.解析：C推理判断题。根据第二段第二至四句可知，猫用鼻子评估环境并留心任何危险迹象。它们能够区分不同环境的另一种方法是寻找熟悉的气味。由此推断，猫通过检查气味来评估不同的环境。26.Whichbestexplainsthephrase“take...upanotch”inparagraph3？（）A.Performappropriately.B.Movefaster.C.Actstrangely. D.Dobetter.解析：D词义猜测题。画线短语前提到狗以其令人印象深刻的取物习惯而闻名，下文介绍了猫的行为，它们会将在外面找到的物品带到主人身边以表达它们的爱意。因此画线短语所在部分表明猫将这种行为提升了一个档次，它们在取物方面做得更好。27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext？（）A.TipsonFindingaSmartCatB.UnderstandingYourCat’sBehaviorC.HaveFunwithYourCatD.HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy解析：B标题归纳题。第一段介绍了猫惊人的发声技能；第二段介绍了猫的嗅觉灵敏，能够区分不同的环境；第三段介绍了猫令人印象深刻的取物习惯，这些都属于对猫的行为的介绍。因此，B项（理解你的猫的行为）概括了文章内容，适合作文章标题。C（2024·全国甲卷）TheSaintLukastraindoesn’tacceptpassengers—itacceptsonlythesick.TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays，andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural（乡村）populationswithbasicmedicalcare，X-rayscansandprescriptions.“Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointmentearlyinthemorning，”saysEmileDucke，aGermanphotographerwhotraveledwiththestaffoftheSaintLukasforatwo-weektripinNovemberthroughthevastregions（区域）ofKrasnoyarskandKhakassia.Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem，particularlyinthepoorer，ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver，includingarrangingdoctor’sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10monthseveryyear，thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks，beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock（补给）.Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Moststationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain’sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups.“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned，”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由政府赞助的SaintLukas列车为俄罗斯一些偏远地区提供医疗服务。28.HowistheSaintLukasdifferentfromothertrains？（）A.Itrunsacrosscountries.B.Itreservesseatsfortheseniors.C.Itfunctionsasahospital.D.Ittravelsalongariver.解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，SaintLukas列车是政府赞助的医疗列车，列车上有医生和护士为乡村人口提供基本的医疗服务等。它的作用相当于一个医院。29.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk？（）A.Itisheavilypopulated.B.Itofferstrainingfordoctors.C.Itisamoderncity.D.Itneedsmedicalaid.解析：D推理判断题。第三段首句提到俄罗斯的公共医疗服务急需现代化；再结合下文可知，Krasnoyarsk是俄罗斯一个贫穷的、医疗条件差的偏远乡村，它需要医疗援助。30.HowlongcantheSaintLukasworkwithonesupply？（）A.Aboutayear.B.Abouttenmonths.C.Abouttwomonths.D.Abouttwoweeks.解析：D细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，该列车每年有十个月都会进行这样的工作：在大约八个站点停留两周多，然后返回补充燃料和补给。因此，该列车一次补给可以工作两周左右。31.WhatisDucke’sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas’services？（）A.Appreciative.B.Doubtful.C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious.解析：A观点态度题。根据最后一段中Ducke所说的Iwasveryimpressed和Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.可知，Ducke对SaintLukas列车服务的态度是赞赏的。D（2024·全国甲卷）“Ididn’tliketheending，”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate，andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot，andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie，withallhispatience，askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedforthecharactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters，endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryeveniftheydidn’thaveatraditionallypositiveoutcome.Ofcourse，IwouldhavepreferredadifferentendingforTomandMaggieTulliver，buttheendingtheygotdidmakethemostsenseforthem.Thiswasanahamomentforme，andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon，ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy，I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’tguess，I’dpickupamystery（悬疑小说）.OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen，historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat’sunpredictable，butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere，onethatfitswhat’srightforthecharacters.That’swhythisissue（期）ofWriter’sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories，PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.Thisissuewon’ttellyouwhatyourendingshouldbe—that’suptoyouandthestoryyou’retelling—butitmightprovidewhatyouneedtogetthere.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕文学作品结尾的创作展开，指出不同类型的文学作品的结尾有不同的特点，好的结尾要符合故事发展等。32.WhydidtheauthorgotoProf.Gracie？（）A.Todiscussanovel.B.Tosubmitabookreport.C.Toargueforawriter.D.Toaskforareadinglist.解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段首句、第三句和第四句可知，作者刚读完《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，她告诉教授自己不喜欢这部小说的结尾，而教授让作者抛开个人喜好，好好思考一下这部小说，即作者去找Gracie教授是为了讨论一部小说。33.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterseeingProf.Gracie？（）A.Writingisamatterofpersonalpreferences.B.Readersareoftencarriedawaybycharacters.C.Eachtypeofliteraturehasitsuniqueending.D.Astorywhichbeginswellwillendwell.解析：C推理判断题。根据第二段第二至四句可知，从那时起，如果作者想读到幸福的结局，她就会选一部爱情小说。如果想要一个猜不到的结局，她会选择悬疑小说。如果想要大概猜到故事的发展，她会选择历史小说。由此推断，每一种文学类型都有其独特的结尾。34.Whatisexpectedofagoodending？（）A.Itsatisfiesreaders’taste.B.Itfitswiththestorydevelopment.C.Itisusuallypositive.D.Itisopenforimagination.解析：B推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，结局不能是凭空而来的，它需要适合角色。由此推断，好的结尾要符合故事的发展。35.WhydoestheauthormentionPeterMountfordandElizabethSims？（）A.Togiveexamplesofgreatnovelists.B.Tostressthethemeofthisissue.C.Toencouragewritingforthemagazine.D.Torecommendtheirnewbooks.解析：B目的意图题。倒数第二段首句提到这就是为什么本期《作者文摘》旨在帮助你弄清楚如何为你正在写的任何一种文本写出最好的结局。接着作者以PeterMountford和ElizabethSims为例说明本期《作者文摘》具体会介绍哪些技巧。由此可知，作者提及PeterMountford和ElizabethSims是为了强调本期杂志的主题。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2024·全国甲卷）Whatismoderation（适度）？Basically，itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal，butnottoofull.36.（）Butitdoesn’tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.Takeyourtime.It’simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.37.（）Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood，soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.Eatwithotherswheneverpossible.Eatingalone，especiallyinfrontoftheTVorcomputer，oftenleadstomindlessovereating.Andbecarefulaboutthefoodsyoukeepathand.It’smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready，likecookies.38.（）Controlemotional（情绪的）eating.39.（）Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness，loneliness，orboredom.Butbylearninghealthierwaystomanageemotions，youcanregaincontroloverthefoodyoueatandyourfeelings.40.（）Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism（新陈代谢），whileeatingsmall，healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday.Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14－16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.Studiessuggestthateatingonlywhenyou’remostactiveandgivingyourdigestivesystemalongbreakeachdaymayhelptoregulateweight.A.Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B.Wedon’talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C.Don’tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D.Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E.Instead，surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F.Formanyofus，moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G.Thatwon’tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何做到适度饮食才有利于健康。36.F文章开头提出问题“什么是适度？”，空前两句给出了解释，空后又讲到但是这并不意味着你要跟你喜欢的食物说再见，因此空处应就适度进一步解释，且与空后内容形成转折。F项（对我们很多人来说，适度意味着吃得比平时少）符合语境，且F项中的means与上文的means以及下文的mean相呼应。37.C根据本段主旨句可知，本段主要围绕“不着急，慢慢来”展开。空后讲到你的大脑需要花费几分钟告诉你的身体已经摄入了足够的食物，因此要慢点吃，在你感觉饱之前就停下来。C项（不要在上班的路上狼吞虎咽）符合语境。38.E空前讲到注意你身边的食物。如果你有不健康的零食随时可食用，比如饼干，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了，因此空处也应与适度饮食的正确做法有关。E项（相反，让自己置身于健康的选择中）承接上文，符合语境。39.B空后讲到我们中有许多人还借助食物应对不愉快的情绪，比如悲伤、孤独或无聊，尤其根据also可知，空处也应与人们吃东西的目的有关。B项（我们并不总是为了充饥而吃东西）引出下文，符合语境。40.A空处为段落主旨句。根据段中Ahealthybreakfast、Avoideatinglateatnight.以及Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14－16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.可知，本段主要讲的是从早到晚如何合理饮食。A项（全天合理饮食）概括本段内容，适合作本段的主旨句。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2024·全国甲卷）Oneday，wehadafamilydinner.Whiletheadultswerebusywiththeirserioustalkoutside，Iwasleftaloneinthe41tohelpmygrandmotherwashdishes.42mygrandmotherwouldtellmestoriesaboutherchildhood.BornjustbeforeWWⅡ，mygrandmother43anentirelydifferentchildhoodlifestylefrommine.Shedidnothaveachancetogoto44.Likeintypicalfamilies，whereboyswere45muchmorethangirls，mygrandmahadtostayathometodo46.Theonlyopportunity（机会）shecouldseizeto47waswhenherbrotherwashavingChinese48withthefamilytutor.Shewouldsitquietlyatthefarendofthelongdinnertable，listening49.ThistrainingtaughthertoreadandwriteherChineseupsidedown—askillthathasturnedouttobequite50，especiallywheneverwesharethenewspaper.Onmostweekends，mygrandmother，ayounggirlthen，andherbrotherwouldgotothe51.There，theywouldwalkthroughdeepwater，sitdowncross-leggedunderwaterandholdtheir52whiletheywatchedallactiongoingonaroundthem.ThisissomethingI53—herabilitytoopenher54underwaterandstillsitcomfortablyontheseabed.Mychildhoodisquite55comparedwithhers.Iam56thatIdidnotneedto57thehardshipslikeshedid.I’veneverfacedtheproblemof58.Iguessourdifferentchildhoodbackgroundiswhatmakesmygrandmothersuchanamazingpersonto59to：herstoriesalwaysmakemyhistorytextbooks60.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者奶奶的童年故事，以及作者从中得到的感悟。41.A.sittingroom B.kitchenC.yard D.dininghall解析：B根据空后的helpmygrandmotherwashdishes并结合常识可知，吃完晚饭后，作者在厨房帮助奶奶洗碗。42.A.Asalways B.BythewayC.Forexample D.Hereandnow解析：A根据下文内容可知，作者很熟悉奶奶的童年，所以此处表示像往常一样，奶奶会给作者讲关于她童年的故事。43.A.adjusted B.promotedC.achieved D.experienced解析：D根据空前的BornjustbeforeWWⅡ和空后的entirelydifferentchildhoodlifestylefrommine可知，奶奶经历了一个与作者完全不一样的童年。44.A.work B.schoolC.court D.press解析：B根据本段第四句可知，奶奶没有机会上学。45.A.favored B.toleratedC.trusted D.acknowledged解析：A根据下文可知，那时男孩更受偏爱。46.A.gardening B.homeworkC.business D.housework解析：D根据语境并结合常识可知，奶奶必须待在家里做家务。47.A.exercise B.studyC.explore D.teach解析：B根据空后的whenherbrother...familytutor和下文ThistrainingtaughthertoreadandwriteherChinese可知，此处描述奶奶唯一能够学习的机会。48.A.food B.guestsC.lessons D.tea解析：C根据空后的withthefamilytutor和下句中Shewouldsitquietlyatthefarendofthelongdinnertable，listening可知，奶奶的哥哥在家里上中文课。49.A.closely B.directlyC.nervously D.freely解析：A奶奶的哥哥在家里上中文课时，奶奶总是听得很认真。此处closely引申为“仔细地，严密地”。50.A.professional B.awkwardC.simple D.practical解析：D根据后半句especiallywheneverwesharethenewspaper可知，奶奶的这一技能非常实用，尤其是在我们一起看报纸时。51.A.market B.mountainC.beach D.class解析：C根据下句中的walkthroughdeepwater，sitdowncross-leggedunderwater可知，奶奶会和哥哥一起去海滩。52.A.secret B.breathC.view D.tongue解析：B奶奶坐在水下，所以会屏住呼吸。53.A.admire B.noticeC.adopt D.value解析：A根据下文中的herabilitytoopen...stillsitcomfortablyontheseabed可知，作者佩服奶奶在水下的能力。54.A.hands B.mouthC.eyes D.arms解析：C根据上句中whiletheywatchedallactiongoingonaroundthem可知，奶奶在水下能够睁开眼睛。55.A.difficult B.complexC.happy D.similar解析：C根据第二段中对奶奶童年的描述Likeintypicalfamilies，whereboys...farendofthelongdinnertable以及下文Iam...guessourdifferentchildhoodbackground可知，与奶奶相比，作者的童年是幸福的。56.A.grateful B.surprisedC.convinced D.regretful解析：A作者很感激自己不用经历奶奶童年的那些艰辛。57.A.reflectupon B.gothroughC.askabout D.preparefor解析：B参见上题解析。58.A.unemployment B.healthC.education D.communication解析：C上文提到奶奶没机会上学，此处表示作者不用面对教育问题。59.A.attend B.referC.lead D.talk解析：D她们不同的童年背景使奶奶成为一个令人惊叹的聊天对象。talkto表示“与……交谈”。60.A.cometrue B.comeroundC.comeout D.comealive解析：D她的故事总是让作者的历史教科书栩栩如生。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2024·全国甲卷）Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel，thenationalparks，inparticular，tend61.（catch）ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.Theyare62.（treasure）ofAmericanheritage（遗产）.Howdidthenationalparksystemcomeabout？Onacool，starrynightinmid-September1870，fourmenrelaxedbeforeacampfirealongtheFireholeRiverin63.isnownorthwesternWyoming.They64.（be）partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.Whatshould65.（do）withsuchabeautifulplace？Theywonderedoutloud.Thisarea，with66.（it）uniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty，mustbewellpreserved67.allpeopleofthenationtoenjoy—asanationalpark.Theyallagreedandvowed（承诺）topromotetheideaatthe68.（complete）oftheirjourney.Theirpromotionalworkpaidoff.Twoyearslater，18yearsbeforeWyomingbecameastate，YellowstonebecamethefirstnationalparkintheUnitedStatesandtheworld.Yellowstonewasthe69.（large）UnitedStatesnationalpark—2.2millionacres—untilWrangell-SaintEliasinsouthernAlaska，70.becameanationalmonumentin1978，tookthehonorsasanationalparkin1980with12.3millionacres.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国国家公园系统的起源。61.tocatch考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语tend，空处应用非谓语。tendtodosth表示“往往会做某事”，为固定用法。故填tocatch。62.treasures考查名词复数。根据空前的are和空后的of可知，空处应用名词复数，故填treasures。63.what考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且在宾语从句中作主语，故填what。64.were考查时态和主谓一致。根据文章时态可知，此处描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；主语是They，be动词应用复数形式。故填were。65.bedone考查语态。主语What与do之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；空前的should是情态动词，其后用动词原形。故填bedone。66.its考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词beauty，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。67.for考查介词。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少介词，应用pletion考查词形转换。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处应用名词，故填completion。69.largest考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的the以及语境可知，空处应用形容词的最高级，表示“最大的”。70.which考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词是Wrangell-SaintElias。故填which。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）（2024·全国甲卷）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Lastweek，IsawaprogramaboutChongqinghotpotonTV.Iwascuriousbutplannedaspecialone-daytriptherewithafriendofm