仁爱版九年级英语上册 Unit1 A Changing World 语法讲解及练习（一）

Unit1AChangingWorld

GrammarinUse：【后缀-ment］语法讲解（一）

一、核心定义

suffix-ment（名词后缀-ment）

加在动词末尾，构成a数/不可数名词，含义分为两类：

i.动作本身：做某事的行为、过程

2.动作结果/产物：行为产生的事物、状态、机构

基础逻辑：动词+・ment一名词

例：develop（v.发展）—>development（n.发展）

二、拼写变形规则（中考必考易错点）

规则1：一般动词直接加-ment（绝大多数单词）

agree一agreement；treat—treatment

规则2：以不发音字母e结尾的动词，保留e再加-ment

move—>movement；arrange—arrangement；manage一management

规则3：以-dge/-ge结尾动词，直接加ment,保留e

judge—►judgement/judgment（两种拼写都正确）

规则4：以-y结尾动词：

1.元音字母+y：直接加ment

employ—employment

规则5：特殊变形（尢规律，必须背诵）

explain（v.解释）—>explanation（n.解释）

禁止错谢

形容词不能直接加-ment,如different不能变differentment

三、两大词义分类

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类别1:表「动作、过程、行为」（不可数名词居多）

动词中文变形名词名词释义例句/短语

agree同意agreement同意，协议Wereachedanagreement.我们

达成协议。

move移动movement移动；活动themovementofplanets行星运

转

develop发展development发展，成长thedevelopmentoftechnology

科技发展

treat对待;治疗treatment治疗；对待方式medicaltreatment医疗救治

judge判断judgement判断，判断力goodjudgement良好判断力

arrange安排arrangement安排，筹备travelarrangements出行安排

类别2：表「动作产物、机构、物品、状态」（可数名词）

动词中文变形名词名词释义短语

govern管理government政府thelocalgovernment当地政府

equip装备equipment设备（不可数）officeequipment办公设备

employ雇佣employment就业；工作employmentrate就业率

manage管理management管理层，管理businessmanagement企业管理

invest投资investment投资；投资额asafeinvestment稳健投资

punish惩罚punishment惩罚，处罚physicalpunishment体罚

四、易混词形转换链（动词・ment名词.形容词，写作加分）

1.agree(v.)—>agreement(n.)—►agreeable(adj.宜人的)

2.develop(v.)—>development(n.)一developed/developing(adj.)

3.manage(v.)一management(n.)—>manageable(adj.易处理的)

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4.punish(v.)一punishment(n.)一punishing(adj.严厉的)

5.invest(v.).investment(n.)一investable(adj.可供投资的)

五、核心语法考点

1.可数/不可数区分

•不可数：equipment,employment,treatment(泛指行为)

•可数：agreement,movement,arrangement,punishment（具体事物/单次行为）

例：Wehavemanyarrangements.（可数复数）

例：Weneednewequipment.（无复数,不能加s）

2.固定介词搭配（完形填空高频）

inagreementwith与...意见一致

thedevelopmentof.......的发展

employmentin...在...行业的就业

punishmentfor...因...受到惩罚

3.句型转换核心（动诃--ment名词）

动词句：Theyagreedwitheachother.

名词改写：Theymadeanagreementwitheachother.

六、易混辨析：・meiH/・tion两大名词后缀

1.-ment：大多加在单音节/短动词后

move—movement；agree—►agreement

2.-tion：大多加在长动词、以te/tate结尾动词

educate—►education；explain—>explanation

七、高频写作万能短语

1.thedevelopmentofsociety社会发展

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2.reachanagreement达成共识

3.medicaltreatment医疗救治

4.employmentopportunities就业机会

5.governmentpolicy政府政策

6.travelarrangements出行安排

7.heavypunishment严厉惩罚

GrammarinUse：【后缀-ment】语法练习（一）

一、单词变形默写（基础24道）

要求：给出动词，写出后缀・ment构成的名词

1.agree（v.同意）—>

2.move（v.移动）t

3.develop（v.发展）t

4.treat（v.治疗）->

5.govern（v.管理）->

6.arrange（v.安排）—»

7.manage（v.管理）—>

8.employ（v.雇佣）—

9.invest（v.投资）—>

1（）.punish（v.惩罚）—

11.judge（v.判断）—>

12.equip（v.装备）—>

13.achieve（v.实现）—»

14.amuse（v.使开心）—

15.commit（v.承诺）t

16.appoint（v.任命）—>

17.settle（v.解决）—

18.retire（v.退休）—>

19.require（v.需要）—>

20.advertise（v.做广告）—>

21.adjusl（v.调整）一

22.excite（v.使兴奋）—

23.improve（v.改善）一

24.pay（v.支付）—>

二、用所给动词的・ment名词形式填空（单词变形20题）

1.Wefinallyreachedan（agree）ontheplan.

2.Therapid（develop）ofAlchangesourlife.

3.Thehospitalprovidesfreemedical（treat）.

4.Thelocal（govern）builtanewparklastyear.

5.Pleasetellmeyourtravel（arrange）.

6.Good（manage）helpsacompanyrunwell.

7.Thefactoryoffershigh（employ）foryoungpeople.

8.Thisisasafe（invest）forbeginners.

9.Hereceivedstrict（punish）forbreakingrules.

10.Weneednewoffice（equip）fortheoffice.

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11.Her(judge)ofpeopleisalwayscorrect.

12.The(move)oftheearthcausesdayandnight.

13.The(improve)ofEnglishneedsdailypractice.

14.Wehavean(appoint)withtheteachertomorrow.

15.His(retire)makesallhisworkmatessad.

16.Thestoreputan(advertise)onthenewspaper.

17.Small(adjust)canmakegreatchanges.

18.Thechildrenshoutedwithgreat(excite).

19.The(settle)oftheproblemtookthreedays.

20.The(pay)willarriveinyourbanktomorrow.

三、句型转换(动词句一・mcnt名词改写，10道)

例句：Theyagreedontheplan.

一Theymadeanagreementontheplan.

1.Ourcitydevelopsfast.

2.Thedoctortreatedhisillnesscarefully.

3.Weairangedthetriptogether.

4.Thegovernmentgovernsthecitywell.

5.Thebossemployedhundredsofworkers.

6.Weimprovedourskillsbypracticing.

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7.Theypunishedtheboyforlying.

8.Hejudgedthesituationcorrectly.

9.Wemovedtoanewneighborhoodlastmonth.

10.Theyinvestedmoneyingreenenergy.

―>_______________________________________

四、单项选择(易混辨析15道)

1.Wemadeanaboutthetriptime.

A.agreeB.agreementC.agreeableD.agreed

2.Therapidofcitiesbringsmorejobs.

A.developB.developingC.developmentD.developed

3.Allthemedicalinthisroomisnew.

A.treatB.treatmentC.treatsD.treating

4.Thelocalwillbuildanewhospital.

A.governB.governmentC.governorD.governed

5.Whal'syourtravelforsummerholiday?

A.arrangeB.arrangedC.arrangementD.arranging

6.Thefactoryoffershightocollegestudents.

A.employB.employmentC.employerD.employee

7.Youwillgetseriousifyoucheatinexams.

A.punishB.punishingC.punishmentD.punished

8.Weneedsomeofficeforthenewclassroom.

A.equipB.equipmentC.equippedD.equips

9.Theofnewroadsmakesourlifeeasier.

A.improveB.improvementC.improvingD.improved

1().Ihaveanwithmydentistthisafternoon.

A.appointB.appointmentC.appointedD.appointing

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11.Hisearlygavehimmorefreetime.

A.retireB.retirementC.retiredD.retiring

12.Thekidsjumpedwithwhenseeinggifts.

A.exciteB.excitementC.excitedD.exciting

13.Youneedtomakesmalltoyourarticle.

A.adjustB.adjustmentC.adjustedD.adjusting

14.Theofthefighttookustwoweeks.

A.settleB.settlementC.settledD.settling

15.TheforthebookwillcomenextMonday.

A.payB.paymentC.paidD.paying

五、中英互译（写作专项15题）

汉译英

1.达成协议________________________

2.科技发展_______________________

3.医疗救治_______________________

4.当地政府_______________________

5.出行安排_______________________

6.就业机会_______________________

7.严厉的惩罚_______________________

8.办公设备_______________________

英译汉

1.businessmanagement________________________

2.safeinvestment________________________

3.travelmovement________________________

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4.earlyretirement________________________

5.greatexcitement________________________

6.smalladjustment________________________

7.monthlypayment________________________

六、短文综合填空(2篇大题)

短文1

用括号动词的・ment名词形式填空

Nowadays,thefast1.(develop)oftheInternetchangespeople'slife.

Thelocal2.(govern)providesmorejob3.(employ)foryoung

people.Beforetravelling,weneedtofinishalltravel4.(arrange).Ifyonget

ill,youcangetfreemedical5.(treat)inpublichospitals.Good6.

(manage)helpsyoumakewise7.(judge).Everyonehopestoreachan

8.(agree)onpublicrulesandavoidheavy9.(punish).Small

10.(improve)indailyhabitscanbringbigchanges.

短文2

Manystudentslookforwardtotheirsummertrip.Beforeleaving,makealltravel

1.(arrange).Theschoofs2.(govern)offersfreesports

3.(equip)forstudents.The4.(move)ofthebuswilltakeustothe

mountain.Wehavean5.(appoint)withtheguideat8a.m.The6.

(excite)oneveryone'sfaceshowstheylovethistrip.Afterthetrip,youwillseethe

7.(improve)ufyourwritingskills.The8.(pay)lorthetripinubl

befinishedbeforeFriday.Ifyoubreaktherules,youwillget9.(punish).

Good10.(judge)cankeepyousafeduringthetrip.

Unit1AChangingWorld

GrammarinUse：【后缀-ment］语法练习(一)参考答案

一、单词变形默写

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1.agreement2.movement3.development4.treatment5.government

6.aiTangement7.management8.employment9.investment10.punishment

11.judgement^udgment12.equipment13.achievement14.amusement

15.commitment16.appointment17.settlement

18.retirement19.requirement2().advertisement21.adjustment

22.excitement23.improvement24.payment

二、用所给动词的・ment名词形式填空

1.agreement2.development3.treatment4.government5.arrangements

6.management7.employment8.investment9.punishment10.equipment

11.judgement12.movement13.improvement14.appointment15.retirement

16.advertisement17.adjustments18.excitement19.settlement20.payment

三、句型转换

1.Ourcitymakesafastdevelopment.

2.Thedoctorgavecarefultreatmenttohisillness.

3.Wemadetravelarrangementstogether.

4.Thegovernmenttakesgoodmanagementofthecity.

5.Thebossofferedemployment