2025-2026年重庆市部编版高三英语第8单元语法填空习题

2025-2026年重庆市部编版高三英语第8单元语法填空习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.The8thunitofthe2025-2026ChongqingeditionoftheMinistry-composedseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbookfocusesonthegrammaticalstructureof______.A.irregularverbsinthepassivevoiceB.theuseofrelativeclausesinformalwritingC.conditionalsentencesindailycommunicationD.theformationofperfecttensesinnarrativetexts解析：本题考查单元主题定位。根据题干中的"第8单元"和"语法填空"可知，该单元重点语法为"定语从句"（教材P78-82），选项B准确对应，其他选项分别属于第3单元（非谓语动词）、第5单元（条件句）和第6单元（时态），均与题干不符。教材P79例句"Thebookthatyouborrowedisveryinteresting"明确展示定语从句结构，故B为正确答案。2.Whenfillingintheblankin"Themuseum______wevisitedlastSundayhasacollectionofancientartifacts,"thecorrectwordis______.A.which/whoseB.where/whichC.that/whomD.when/whose解析：本题考查定语从句先行词用法。分析句子结构可知，"museum"为物作先行词，需用关系代词"which"（选项A正确），排除C（whom限指人）、D（when限指时间）。根据"visited"可知从句为过去时，关系代词不省略，故A为唯一正确选项。教材P80对比了"that/which"在物从句中的区别，例句"Thebuildingwheretheconferencewasheld"印证了B项错误。3.Theteachersaid,"Ifyou______moretimetoreview,you______passtheexameasily."Thecorrectcompletionis______.A.spend/willmanageB.willspend/manageC.spent/wouldmanageD.wouldspend/willmanage解析：本题考查虚拟语气条件句。根据"if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时"规则（教材P85），A项符合语法；B项主句时态错误；C项为错综虚拟（从句用过去时，主句用would+动词原形），但题干未体现；D项主句时态错误。教材P86例句"IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld"为错综虚拟句，可辅助判断。4.Thesentence"Thegirl______livesnextdoorismybestfriend"containsagrammaticalerror.Thecorrectformis______.A.which/whoB.that/whomC.whose/whichD.when/whose解析：本题考查定语从句关系代词混用错误。分析句子结构可知，"girl"为物作先行词，需用"which"（选项A正确），排除B（whom限人）、C（whose表所属）、D（when表时间）。教材P81练习3明确要求区分关系代词，例句"Thefilmwhoseplotimpressedme"印证了C项错误。5.The8thunitemphasizestheuseof______informalletters,asshownintheexample:"DearSir,Iamwritingtoinquireabouttheposition______youadvertisedlastweek."A.presentperfecttenseB.pastperfecttenseC.futureperfecttenseD.presentperfectcontinuoustense解析：本题考查语法填空语境题。根据"formalletters"和"advertisedlastweek"可知，需用"lastweek"的完成时态，即"havebeenadvertised"（选项A），其他时态均不符合语境。教材P90写作部分强调正式信函中现在完成时的使用，例句"Ihaveappliedforthescholarship"为典型用法。6.Thesentence"Althoughtheweatherwasterrible,they______theirpicnicbecausetheyhadalreadypreparedeverything"containsagrammaticalerror.Thecorrectformis______.A.wouldcontinueB.continuedC.wouldhavecontinuedD.willcontinue解析：本题考查虚拟语气让步状语从句。根据"Although"和"hadalreadyprepared"可知，需用错综虚拟语气（从句用过去时，主句用would+have+过去分词），即C项（选项C正确），排除A（无让步状语）、B（陈述过去事实）、D（一般将来时）。教材P88例句"AlthoughIhadlostthekeys,Iwouldhaveopenedthedoor"为同类型例证。7.Theteacherexplainedthat"Theman______wediscussedyesterdayiscomingtoourschoolnextmonth"shouldberewrittenas"Theman______wediscussedyesterdayiscomingtoourschoolnextmonth."A.who/whomB.which/thatC.whose/whichD.whom/who解析：本题考查关系代词误用修正。分析句子结构可知，"man"为物作先行词，需用"which"（选项B正确），排除A（who限人）、C（whose表所属）、D（whom/who混用错误）。教材P83练习5要求学生辨析关系代词，例句"ThebookthatIbought"印证了B项正确。8.Thesentence"IfI______you,I______studyharderforthefinalexam."Thecorrectcompletionis______.A.were/wouldB.am/willC.were/willD.am/would解析：本题考查虚拟语气第二类条件句。根据"wereyou"的倒装结构可知，需用"were"（选项A正确），排除B（am表现在）、C（were+will时态错误）、D（am+would时态错误）。教材P85对比了第二类条件句（与现在事实相反）和第三类条件句（与过去事实相反）的时态规则。9.The8thunit'sgrammarfocusincludesthestructure"Thecompany______weinvestedlastyearhasdoubleditsprofits."Thecorrectwordis______.A.which/whoseB.that/whichC.where/thatD.when/whose解析：本题考查定语从句先行词与介词搭配。分析句子结构可知，"company"为物作先行词，且从句缺少地点状语，需用"where"（选项C正确），排除A（which表物）、B（that无介词）、D（when表时间）。教材P82例句"Thehotelwherewestayed"印证了C项正确。10.Thesentence"Theteachertoldusthatifwe______moretime,we______theprojectontime."Thecorrectcompletionis______.A.had/wouldfinishB.have/willfinishC.had/willfinishD.have/wouldfinish解析：本题考查虚拟语气混合错误。根据"toldus"可知主句为过去时，从句需用过去时态，主句用"would+have+过去分词"（选项A正确），排除B（have表现在）、C（had/will时态错误）、D（have/would时态错误）。教材P86例句"IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassed"为同类型例证。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thenovel______Iborrowedfromthelibrarylastmonthisaboutthelifeofafamousscientist.2.Ifyou______morecarefully,you______noticedthemistakeinthedocument.3.Themuseum______wevisitedyesterdayhasacollectionofancientartifacts______impressedmedeeply.4.Althoughtheweatherwasterrible,they______theirpicnicbecausetheyhadalreadypreparedeverything.5.Thecompany______weinvestedlastyearhasdoubleditsprofits.6.Theteachertoldusthatifwe______moretime,we______theprojectontime.7.Thegirl______livesnextdoorismybestfriend.8.Theman______wediscussedyesterdayiscomingtoourschoolnextmonth.9.Thebook______Iboughtlastweekhasalotofinterestingstories.10.Thewoman______Ispoketolastnightisafamouswriter.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthesentence"Thebookthatyouborrowedisveryinteresting,""that"canbereplacedwith"which"withoutchangingthemeaning.2.Thesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder"isanexampleofthefirstconditional.3.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.4.Inthesentence"Themanwholivesnextdoorismyteacher,""who"istherelativepronoun.5.Thepresentperfecttensecanbeusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.6.Thesentence"Thebuildingwheretheconferencewasheld"containsagrammaticalerrorbecause"where"shouldbereplacedwith"which."7.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwillhappenbeforeanotherfutureaction.8.Thesentence"ThewomanwhoseIspoketolastnightisafamouswriter"isgrammaticallycorrect.9.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.10.Thesentence"IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld"isanexampleofthethirdconditional.四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"which"and"that"asrelativepronounsinEnglish.2.Howdoyouformasecondconditionalsentence?Provideanexample.3.WhatisthefunctionofthepresentperfecttenseinEnglish?4.Whyisthepastperfecttensecalled"perfect"?5.Howdoyouuse"where"asarelativepronouninEnglish?6.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthepresentperfectandthepresentperfectcontinuoustenses?7.Howdoyouformathirdconditionalsentence?Provideanexample.8.Whyisitimportanttochoosethecorrectrelativepronouninasentence?五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingarelativeclause:"Thegirlismybestfriend.Shelivesnextdoor."2.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbintheblank:"IfI______moretime,I______thebookyesterday."3.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingapastperfecttense:"Theyfinishedtheproject.Theyhadworkedforthreeweeks."4.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbintheblank:"Themuseum______wevisitedlastSundayhasacollectionofancientartifacts."5.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingasecondconditional:"Themanistired.Hedidnotsleepwelllastnight."6.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbintheblank:"Thebook______Iboughtlastweekhasalotofinterestingstories."7.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingarelativeclause:"Thecompanyissuccessful.Weinvestedinitlastyear."8.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbintheblank:"Ifyou______morecarefully,you______noticedthemistakeinthedocument."【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.A3.A4.A5.A6.C7.B8.A9.C10.A解析：2.B项"theuseofrelativeclausesinformalwriting"准确对应教材P78-82的定语从句单元内容，其他选项分别属于第3单元（非谓语动词）、第5单元（条件句）和第6单元（时态）。3.关系代词"which"指代物"museum"，且从句"wevisited"为过去时，符合定语从句规则。4."If从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时"为教材P85规则，A项符合"spendtime"的现在时主句结构。5."girl"为物作先行词，需用关系代词"which"，排除B（whom限人）、C（whose表所属）、D（when表时间）。6.正式信函中询问招聘广告需用现在完成时，即"havebeenadvertised"。7.让步状语从句"Although"后用过去时，主句需用"wouldhavecontinued"的错综虚拟。8.物作先行词需用关系代词"which"，排除A（who限人）、C（whose表所属）、D（whom/who混用）。9.第二类条件句与现在事实相反，从句用"were"倒装结构。10."company"为物作先行词，从句缺少地点状语，需用"where"表地点。11.过去时主句需用"wouldhavefinished"的错综虚拟，排除B/D（have表现在）、C（had/will时态错误）。二、填空题1.which2.had/wouldhavenoticed3.which/that4.continued5.which6.had/wouldhavefinished7.who8.that9.which10.who解析：2."book"为物作先行词，需用关系代词"which"。3.从句"youhadmoretime"为过去时，主句需用"wouldhavenoticed"的错综虚拟。4."museum"为物作先行词，需用关系代词"which"；"artifacts"为物作先行词，需用关系代词"that"。5.让步状语从句"Although"后用过去时，主句需用"continued"的过去时态。6."company"为物作先行词，需用关系代词"which"。7.从句"wehadmoretime"为过去时，主句需用"wouldhavefinished"的错综虚拟。8."girl"为物作先行词，需用关系代词"who"。9."man"为物作先行词，需用关系代词"that"。10."book"为物作先行词，需用关系代词"which"。11."woman"为物作先行词，需用关系代词"who"。三、判断题1.√2.×3.√4.√5.√6.×7.×8.×9.√10.√解析：2."that"和"which"在物从句中可互换，但"which"更正式。3.第二类条件句与现在事实相反，从句用一般现在时，主句用"would+动词原形"，故为第三类条件句。4.过去完成时描述过去某时之前已完成的动作，符合定义。5."who"指代"man"（人），符合关系代词用法。6.现在完成时描述始于过去且持续到现在的动作，符合定义。7."building"为物作先行词，需用关系代词"which"，"where"表地点错误。8.第三类条件句描述与过去事实相反的情况，故为错误。9."whoseIspoketo"结构错误，需改为"whoseIspoketo"或"ofwhomIspoke"。10.现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性，符合定义。11.第三类条件句描述与过去事实相反的情况，从句用"had+过去分词"，主句用"wouldhave+过去分词"。四、简答题1."which"和"that"均可指代物或整个句子，但"which"更正式，且可作介词宾语；"that"可指代人或物，但不能作介词宾语。2.第二类条件句结构：If+一般现在时，主句+would+动词原形。例：IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldtravel.3.现在完成时描述始于过去且持续到现在的动作，或过去动作对现在的影响。例：Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears.4.过去完成时表示在过去某时之前已完成的动作，故称"perfect"。例：Hehadfinishedtheworkbefore5PM.5."where"作关系代词指代地点，相当于"inwhich"。例：ThecitywhereIgrewupisbeautiful.6.现在完成时强调结果，现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性。例：Ihavewrittentheletter./Ihavebeenwritingtheletterfortwohours.7.第三