山东省济宁市2026届高三英语下学期一模试题含解析

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

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干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录

音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。

1.WhatisSarahdoing?

A.Takingavacation.B.Ridingamotorcycle.C.Sharinganexperience.

2.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?

A.Writeanadvertisement.B.Sellsomeproducts.C.Teachsalesskills.

3.WheredoesthemansuggestDaisygo?

A.France.B.China.C.TheUK.

4.WhenwillLisagotothebabyshower?

A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.

5.Howwillthespeakersgotothebarbecue?

A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音

前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。

听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。

6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Inanoffice.C.Inahospital.

7.WhatisMr.Yanglike?

A.Considerate.B.Serious.C.Bossy.

听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。

8.WhatisMrs.Yates’proposalabout?

A.Anentertainmentclub.B.Ashoppingmall.C.Asportscenter.

9.WhatdoweknowaboutMrs.Yates?

A.Shehasanexcellentteam.

B.Shewasaprofessionalathlete.

C.Shecomesfromabusinessbackground.

10.WhatdoesMrs.Yateswantthemantodo?

AJoinherasabusinesspartner.

.

B.Offerloansupportfortheproject.

C.Introducehertothebankmanager.

听第8段录音，回答第11至14题。

11.WhathappenedtoMichaellastyear?

A.Helostafootballmatch.

B.Hemissedtheschoolgraduation.

C.Hehadmajorsurgeryonhisleg.

12.WhatdidMichaelthinkofDr.Chang’swords?

A.Disappointing.B.Uplifting.C.Worrying.

13.WhatisMichaellikelytodoatthehospital?

A.Dosomecleaning.B.Workasacareassistant.C.Encouragepatientspositively.

14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Theirvolunteeractivities.B.Theirsummerplans.C.Theirschoollife.

听第9段录音，回答第15至17题。

15.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Hostandguest.B.Directorandactress.C.Fellowworkers.

16.WhatdroveMichelletogetintotheshowbusiness?

A.Herparents’encouragement.

B.Hereagernesstobefamous.

C.Herpassionforacting.

17.WhatcanwelearnaboutMichelle?

A.Shefirstshowedupinastageplay.

B.ShehadapreferenceforactingonTV.

C.Sheenjoyedfameinthemovieindustry.

听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。

18.Whatarethelistenersscheduledtodofirst?

A.Visitanoldfamily.B.Tourthegardens.C.Seethecollections.

19.WhatdoestheSouthCoastGardenshave?

A.About800varietiesofplants.

B.Theworld’slargestcollectionsofmodernpaintings.

C.Oneofthemostbeautifulrosegardensinthecountry.

20.Whoisprobablythespeaker?

A.Acollector.B.Atourguide.C.Agardener.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Parcellockers,alsocalledsmartlockersorpackagelockers,aresecure,automatedstorage

unitsincentralizedlocations.Theyarerevolutionizinghowgoodscanbedeliveredandreceived.

Peoplecanpickupapackagefromalockeratatimethatsuitsthem,inaconvenientlocation

neartheirresidenceorworkplace.

Yetforalltheiradvantages,parcellockersarestillfarfrombeingwidelyadoptedbyonline

shoppers.Manyconsumersstillopttohavetheironlineshoppingparcelsdelivereddirectlyto

theirhomesinsteadofusingparcellockers,simplybecausetheydon’tknowthisdeliveryoption

whenplacingonlineordersandthushavenevertriedit.

Eventhoughlockerusageisstilllow,companiesandgovernmentagencieshopemoreshoppers

willtryitastheylearnaboutthebenefits.Usingparcellockerscanhelpreducetrafficfrom

deliveryvehiclesandlowerourcarbonfootprint,whichisbetterfortheEarth.So,whynotgive

easyLockeratry?

Anislandwideparcelcollectionnetworkforyourdeliveryandpick-up

solutions.

HowtouseeasyLocker?

·SelecteasyLockerasyourdeliveryoption.

·Waitfornotificationthatyourparcelisready.

·GototheselectedeasyLockerlocation.

·Enteryouruniqueaccesscodesenttoyou.

·Collectyourparcelfromthelockerandgo!

1.Whatkeepssomeshoppersfromtryingaparcellocker?

A.Inconvenientlocations.B.Environmentalconcerns.

C.Inefficiencyofdelivery.D.Unawarenessofitspresence.

2.WhatmustusersofeasyLockersdo?

A.Collecttheirparcelswithin24hours.

B.Keyinauniqueaccesscodetogetparcels.

C.Leavethelockerdooropenforthenextuser.

D.Informthedeliverymanoftheirhomeaddress.

3.Whoarethetargetedreadersofthetext?

A.Lockerproducers.B.Deliverypersonnel.

C.Onlinepurchasers.D.Potentialinvestors.

【答案】1.D2.B3.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了包裹储物柜的优势、使用方法，以及目前尚未被网购消费者广泛采用

的原因，并推广easyLocker这一包裹储物柜服务。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Manyconsumersstillopttohavetheironlineshoppingparcelsdelivered

directlytotheirhomesinsteadofusingparcellockers,simplybecausetheydon’tknowthis

deliveryoptionwhenplacingonlineordersandthushavenevertriedit.(许多消费者仍选择让

网购包裹直接送到家中，而不是使用包裹储物柜，仅仅是因为他们在下单时不知道这种配送选项，因此从

未尝试过。)”可知，阻碍一些购物者尝试包裹储物柜的原因是不知道它的存在。故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据“HowtouseeasyLocker?”部分的“Enteryouruniqueaccesscodesenttoyou.(输

入发送给你的专属取件码。)”可知，easyLocker用户必须输入专属取件码才能取件。故选B。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。文章围绕网购包裹的配送方式展开，介绍了包裹储物柜的优势、使用方法，并呼吁网购消费

者尝试easyLocker，因此目标读者是网购消费者。故选C。

B

Formostofmylife,Itreatedtasteasfixed.TherewerethingsIlikedandthingsIdidn’

t,andthatwasthat.

Stickingtothatbeliefhadleftmeinabitofastandstill.Istoppedmakingtimefornew

hobbiesortryinganythingnew.Salsalessons?No,thanks.Interactivetheatre?Notforme.But

myautomatic“no”toanythingthat“wasn’tmything”onlykeptmetrappedinthesameroutine

ofwork,sleep,eating,andthatleftmefeelinglistlessandalittleempty.

So,inanefforttobreaktheboredom,Ibegantoquestionwhethermytastewasfixedatall,

orwhetheritmightbesomethingIcouldtrain.Ihadreadthatchildrenneed8to15triesto

acceptanewfood.Whyshouldn’tthesameprincipleapplytosocialactivitiesforadults?

Istartedsmall.Whenafriendinvitedmetoabookclub,Iresistedtheurgetodismissit,

despitemylongstandingdislikeofreadingduetodyslexia(阅读障碍症).ButIwentanyway.I

listenedtothefirstbookonaudiobookand,tomysurprise,enjoyedthediscussionandthepeople.

NowIspendmorningsreading.Thencamemusicandperformance:jazzclubs,linedancing,

contemporaryperformance—allthingsIhadpreviouslyignored.

Tryingthingsyouthoughtyouwouldn’tenjoy,Ifound,becameoddlyaddictive.Ididn’t

loveeverythingstraightaway,butIstoppedsayingnobeforeIhadevenbegun.Mostrecently,

Itriedoutmylocallibrary’schessclub.Iwaseasily30yearsyoungerthaneveryoneelse,

butthatdidn’tmatter.Honestly,therewasnothingquitelikebeingwipedofftheboardbysomeone

whohadbeenplayingsincebeforeyourparentsmet.Ifeltmoreofaconnectionwithothersthere

thanatanyorganizedtwenty-somethingsocialeventI’veattended.

Putting“trysomethingnew”inmydiaryonceaweekbrokeupthework-commute-collapsecycle

Ihadaccidentallybuiltmylifearound.NowIsimplycounttofive,approachthe

friendliest-lookingpersonwitha“hello”,andanyinitialawkwardnessquicklyfades.Nextweek?

Whoknows.Maybemagiclessons.Maybelifedrawing.Maybeboth.

4.Howdidtheauthor’sfixedideaaffecther?

A.Itsimplifiedherdailyroutine.B.Itlefthermoretimeforwork.

C.Itflattenedherlifeintodullness.D.Itsparedherunwantedsocializing.

5.Whydidtheauthoracceptherfriend’sinvitationtoabookclub?

A.Tomakeaconsciousshiftinherlife.B.Torevisitaformerinterestinreading.

C.Tomeetherfriend’srepeatedrequests.D.Tooccupyablankinherpersonalcalendar.

6.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenlosingthechessgame?

A.Totallyrelieved.B.Slightlypuzzled.

C.Ratherembarrassed.D.Somewhatdelighted.

7.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconvey?

A.Learntosayno.B.Breakoutofyourshell.

CLookbeforeyouleap.D.Letgoofthepast.

.

【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者曾认为喜好固定，拒绝新事物，生活单调空虚。为改变现状，她主

动尝试读书、下棋等，逐渐走出舒适区，生活变得充实有趣。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Butmyautomatic“no”toanythingthat“wasn’tmything”onlykept

metrappedinthesameroutineofwork,sleep,eating,andthatleftmefeelinglistlessanda

littleempty.(但我对任何不属于自己的事物都本能地拒绝，这使我陷入了重复的工作、睡眠、饮食的循

环之中，这让我感到无精打采，内心也有些空虚)”可知，这位作者的固执想法使她的生活变得毫无生气，

变得枯燥乏味。故选C。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“So,inanefforttobreaktheboredom,Ibegantoquestionwhethermy

tastewasfixedatall,orwhetheritmightbesomethingIcouldtrain.(因此，为了摆脱这种无

聊的感觉，我开始思考自己的品味到底是否是固定不变的，还是说这或许是可以通过训练来改变的)”可知，

作者接受朋友邀请参加读书俱乐部是为了有意地改变自己的生活状态。故选A。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Honestly,therewasnothingquitelikebeingwipedofftheboardby

someonewhohadbeenplayingsincebeforeyourparentsmet.Ifeltmoreofaconnectionwithothers

therethanatanyorganizedtwenty-somethingsocialeventI’veattended.(老实说，那种被人在

你还没出生的时候就就开始下棋的人面前就被淘汰出局的感觉，是前所未有的。在那里，我与他人的联系

比我在任何一场有组织的二十多岁年轻人参加的社交活动中所建立的联系都要紧密得多)”可知，当作者输

掉那场棋局时，他当时的心情稍许感到高兴。故选D。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Putting“trysomethingnew”inmydiaryonceaweekbrokeupthe

work-commute-collapsecycleIhadaccidentallybuiltmylifearound.NowIsimplycounttofive,

approachthefriendliest-lookingpersonwitha“hello”,andanyinitialawkwardnessquickly

fades.Nextweek?Whoknows.Maybemagiclessons.Maybelifedrawing.Maybeboth.(每周在我日

程表上安排一次“尝试新事物”的环节，打破了我原本无意间构建起来的以工作、通勤和崩溃为循环的生

活模式。现在，我只需数到五，然后以“你好”向看起来最友善的人走去，随后任何最初的尴尬都会很快

消失。下周？谁知道呢。或许是魔法课。或许是人体素描课。又或许是两者兼而有之)”可知，作者想要表

达的是放开自己内心的束缚。故选B。

C

ChaotanOne,theworld’sfirstcommercialpowergeneratorthatusessupercriticalcarbon

dioxide(sCO₂),hasbegunoperationsinChina.Thisachievementbreaksacentury-oldtradition

ofusingsteamforpowergeneration,markingamajorimprovementinefficiency.

TheinventionofthesteamenginewasafirststeptowardstheIndustrialRevolutionthat

changedtheworld.Overtheyears,theengine’sefficiencywasfurtherimprovedthroughdifferent

designsandfuels;however,themediumfordoingworkremainedthesame—steam.

Scientistsseekingfurtherimprovementsinpowerefficiencynoticedthatasignificantportion

ofenergyiswastedgeneratingsteamtodriveturbines(涡轮机).Waterneedstobeboiledfirst

andneedstoundergoaphasechangetogeneratesteam.Scientistshavebeenlookingforabetter

mediumtoreplacesteam.

TheyfoundthisinsCO₂.CO₂existsasagasatroomtemperatureandcanbecooledtoform

dryicebyreducingpressureandloweringtemperature.Whentemperatureisraisedto31°C,and

pressureisincreasedto7.37MPa,CO₂entersitssupercriticalstate,whereitexhibits

propertiesofbothaliquidandagas.Inapplicationssuchasmovingaturbine,thisisextremely

usefulsincethegas-likestateofferslessresistancewhiletheliquid-likestateprovidesgreater

pushpower.

Thepowergenerationprocessworkslikethis:TheCO₂isfirstpressurizedintoa

supercriticalstate.ThenthesCO₂passesthroughaheatexchanger,absorbingheatfroman

externalheatsource,anditstemperaturerisesto400—600℃withasubstantialincreasein

internalenergy.Afterthat,itentersaturbineandexpandsrapidly,drivingittomoveata

highspeedandtransformingthermal(热的)energyintomechanicalenergy,whichisthenfurther

turnedintoelectricalenergyforoutput.TheCO₂remainsinasupercriticalstatethroughout

theentireprocess,withnophasechangeloss.

ThesuccessoftheChaotanOnewilllikelystartanewerainpowergeneration,usingCO

₂asamediumandbypassingtheneedtotransformwaterintosteam.

8.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph2?

A.Highlightthevalueofsteam.B.Applaudthepastcontributions.

C.OutlinetheIndustrialRevolution.D.Statethebackgroundofanewdiscovery.

9.Whatisthebiggestproblemwithsteampowergeneration?

A.Energy-intensive.B.Labor-demanding.

C.Noise-producing.D.Money-consuming.

10.WhatplaysakeyroleinthehighefficiencyofChaotanOne?

A.Thedurabilityofturbines.

B.Thequickcommercializationofgenerators.

C.TheeasyavailabilityofCO₂.

D.ThecontinuityofCO₂’ssupercriticalstate.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.UnpredictableChangesofCO₂B.PolarizedViewsonChaotanOne

C.APioneeringsCO₂PowerGeneratorD.ABreakthroughinSteamEngine

【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“超坦一号”以超临界二氧化碳替代蒸汽发电，突破百年传统，避

免相变损耗，效率大幅提升，标志发电新时代开启。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。文章第一段介绍了文章主题：“超坦一号”以超临界二氧化碳替代蒸汽发电，这是一次科技的

重大突破。第二段“TheinventionofthesteamenginewasafirststeptowardstheIndustrial

Revolutionthatchangedtheworld.Overtheyears,theengine’sefficiencywasfurtherimproved

throughdifferentdesignsandfuels;however,themediumfordoingworkremainedthesame—

steam.(蒸汽机的发明是工业革命的开端，改变了整个世界。多年来，通过不同的设计和燃料，发动机的效

率不断得到提高；然而，做功的介质始终是蒸汽)”可知，第二段主要介绍蒸汽作为动力的历史，阐述了“超

坦一号”以超临界二氧化碳替代蒸汽发电的背景信息。故选D项。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Scientistsseekingfurtherimprovementsinpowerefficiencynoticedthat

asignificantportionofenergyiswastedgeneratingsteamtodriveturbines(涡轮机).Waterneeds

tobeboiledfirstandneedstoundergoaphasechangetogeneratesteam.(寻求进一步提高发电

效率的科学家们注意到，在驱动涡轮机时产生蒸汽会浪费大量能量。水需要先被加热，然后经历相变才能

产生蒸汽)”可知，蒸汽发电的弊端是耗能高。Energy-intensive的意思是“高耗能的”。故选A项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题，根据第五段“TheCO₂remainsinasupercriticalstatethroughouttheentireprocess,

withnophasechangeloss.(整个过程中，二氧化碳始终处于超临界状态，不存在相变损失)”可知，本

段介绍了利用二氧化碳发电的全过程后指出，整个过程二氧化碳始终处于超临界状态，不存在相变损失，

所以说二氧化碳超临界状态的连续性是“超坦一号”高效的关键。故选D项。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“ChaotanOne,theworld’sfirstcommercialpowergeneratorthatuses

supercriticalcarbondioxide(sCO₂),hasbegunoperationsinChina.Thisachievementbreaksa

century-oldtraditionofusingsteamforpowergeneration,markingamajorimprovementin

efficiency.(超坦一号是全球首台使用超临界二氧化碳作为能源的商业发电设备，现已在中国投入运行。

这一成就打破了使用蒸汽进行发电的百年传统，标志着效率有了重大提升)”并综合全文可知，本文主要介

绍了超临界二氧化碳发电机技术取代了蒸汽发电，这是一个重大突破。C项意思是：一种开创性的超临界二

氧化碳动力发电机，概括文章主旨。故选C项。

D

We’veallseenthishappeninascience-fictionmovie:Thesuperheroesjumpintoashaky

spaceshipandescapethebadguysbyflyingthroughtheasteroid(小行星)belt,wherehugerocks

fallandspinsoclosethatthecrewhastoduckanddivetoavoidbeingbrokenintopieces.It’

sexciting,butit’swrong:Inoursolarsystem,theoddsareprettygoodthatyoucouldstand

onthesurfaceofanasteroidandnotevenbeabletoseeanother.

Yettheydointeractifgivenenoughtime.Eveninthemainasteroidbeltbetweentheorbits

ofMarsandJupiter,crashesareineluctable.Andwhentwospacerocksgo“crash”inthemain

belt,bigimpactsblowlotsofasteroidfragments(碎片)outintospace.

Inmanycases,thesefragmentsstayonmuchthesameorbitalpathastheparentasteroid,

althoughtheygraduallyseparatefromitbecauseofslightspeeddifferences.Afterthousands

ofyears,somefragmentsmightbeclearacrosstheSun,buttheirdistancefromtheSunandthe

shapeanddirectionoftheirorbitsremainsimilar.Suchconservedfeaturesarecollectivelycalled

anasteroid’sorbitalelements.Thegroupingssharingorbitalelementsareidentifiedas

“families”,whicharenamedafterthelargestasteroidinthegroup.

Studyingasteroidsbyfocusingontheirfamiliescanhelpusmakeagoodguessaboutwhat

propertiesanewly-foundonehasifitbelongstoabetter-studiedfamily.Caremustbetaken,

though.Someverylargeasteroidshavedifferentiatedmaterialsinthecenterandonthesurface,

soconfirmingthoseguessesusuallyrequirestakingspectra,thetime-consumingprocessof

breakinganobject’sincominglightintoindividualcolorstorevealitscomposition.

It’smorethanamereacademicexercisetofindthisparticularbranchofanasteroidfamily

tree:Someasteroidsarepotentiallyrisky,meaningtheycouldcrashwithEarthsometimeinthe

distantfuture.Ifweknowhowtheyfindtheirwaytotheinnersolarsystemfromthemainbelt

toposethreatsinthefirstplace,wecandefendourplanetfromfutureworrisomeasteroids.

12.Whatistheauthor’sviewonthesceneinthesci-fimovie?

A.Itgoesagainsttheestablishedfacts.B.Itoverstatesthesuperheroes’role.

C.Itdownplaysthespecialvisualeffects.D.Itfuelspeople’sinterestintheasteroid.

13.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“ineluctable”inparagraph2?

A.Unavoidable.B.Uncommon.C.Incredible.D.Invisible.

14.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Thedefinitionoforbitalelements.B.Theformationofasteroidfamilies.

C.Thenamingruleofasteroidgroups.D.Themovingpatternofasteroidfragments.

15.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthestudyofasteroidfamily?

A.Itisahigh-riskpractice.B.Itisbuiltonassumptions.

C.Itsvaluecan’tbeoverstated.D.Itscoverageneedstobeexpanded.

【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科幻电影中关于小行星带的场景与现实不符，并介绍了小行

星带中碰撞不可避免、小行星家族的形成、研究小行星家族的意义以及其对地球潜在威胁的防范作用。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“It’sexciting,butit’swrong:Inoursolarsystem,theoddsarepretty

goodthatyoucouldstandonthesurfaceofanasteroidandnotevenbeabletoseeanother.（这

很刺激，但这是错误的：在我们的太阳系中，你很有可能站在小行星的表面，却看不到另一颗小行星）”可

知，作者认为科幻电影中的场景与事实不符。故选A项。

【13题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段“Yettheydointeractifgivenenoughtime.Eveninthemainasteroidbelt

betweentheorbitsofMarsandJupiter,crashesareineluctable.（然而，如果给它们足够的时间，

它们确实会相互作用。即使在火星和木星轨道之间的主小行星带，碰撞也是ineluctable）”可知，前文提

到小行星之间如果给予足够的时间会相互作用，接着举例说明即使在主小行星带，碰撞也是会发生的，即

碰撞是不可避免的。由此可知，划线词ineluctable与A项Unavoidable“不可避免的”意思相近。故选A

项。

【14题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第三段“Inmanycases,thesefragmentsstayonmuchthesameorbitalpathasthe

parentasteroid,althoughtheygraduallyseparatefromitbecauseofslightspeeddifferences.

Afterthousandsofyears,somefragmentsmightbeclearacrosstheSun,buttheirdistancefrom

theSunandtheshapeanddirectionoftheirorbitsremainsimilar.Suchconservedfeaturesare

collectivelycalledanasteroid’sorbitalelements.Thegroupingssharingorbitalelementsare

identifiedas‘families’,whicharenamedafterthelargestasteroidinthegroup.（在许多

情况下，这些碎片与母小行星保持在大致相同的轨道上，尽管由于速度略有不同，它们会逐渐与母小行星

分离。几千年后，一些碎片可能会在太阳的另一侧，但它们与太阳的距离以及轨道的形状和方向仍然相似。

这些保存下来的特征统称为小行星的轨道元素。共享轨道元素的星群被确定为‘家族’，以该星群中最大的

小行星命名）”可知，本段主要介绍了小行星碎片与母小行星的关系，以及具有相似轨道元素的星群如何形

成小行星家族。因此，本段主要讲的是小行星家族的形成。故选B项。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’smorethanamereacademicexercisetofindthisparticularbranch

ofanasteroidfamilytree:Someasteroidsarepotentiallyrisky,meaningtheycouldcrashwith

Earthsometimeinthedistantfuture.Ifweknowhowtheyfindtheirwaytotheinnersolarsystem

fromthemainbelttoposethreatsinthefirstplace,wecandefendourplanetfromfutureworrisome

asteroids.（找到小行星家谱中的这一特定分支不仅仅是一项学术练习：有些小行星具有潜在风险，这意

味着它们可能在遥远的未来与地球相撞。如果我们知道它们是如何从主带进入内太阳系并首先构成威胁的，

我们就可以保护我们的星球免受未来令人担忧的小行星的侵害）”可知，研究小行星家族不仅仅是一项学术

活动，它对于保护地球免受潜在危险小行星的撞击具有重要意义。因此，研究小行星家族的价值不可估量。

故选C项。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

What’sthefirstthingyounoticewhenyoustepintoamuseum?Isitthelong-fadedcolors

ofancientartifactsorthesoundsofvisitorsdiscussingwhattheysee?____16____Somelocations

mightevenofferaneatabletreatinspiredbyanancientrecipe.Museumsallowustoindirectly

experiencethepastbytappingintoourprimarysenses—sight,hearing,touch,taste.____17____

“Representationsofthepastareoftenscentless(无气味的),butsmellprobablyplayeda

hugeroleinmanyhistoricalrealities,”saysBarbaraHuber,anarchaeologistinGermany.

____18____Sheandherworkmatestrackeddownsomemolecular(分子的)remainsthatcanletus

smellthepast.Throughtrialanderror,theycreatedScentoftheAfterlife,amixofscentthat

wouldhaveaccompaniedmummificationprocessesinancientEgypt.

“____19____Oneofthereasonsisthatitisincrediblyhardtostudy.Thescentsandsmells

inthepastwerealreadygonebeforearchaeologistscouldcomeandinvestigatethesites,”says

Huber.Luckily,newchemicalandbiomolecularmethodsinarchaeologyhavekindofreopenedthe

doortocontinuetostudythesethings.

“Thesemoleculesthatwedetectcantellusalotaboutancientmaterials.Atthesametime,

whenwereconstructthemlikewedidwithScentoftheAfterlife,wecanbringapieceofthe

pasttovisitorstoday.____20____”saysHuber.“Ifyouenteraroomandcansomehowsmellhow

itmusthavesmelledinamummificationroominancientEgypt,you’reexperiencingthehistory

inadifferentway.Historyisn’tsomethingweonlysee.”

A.Itcanalsoenrichourunderstandingofsmells.

B.However,moreoftenthannot,smellismissing.

C.Smellhaslongbeenignoredinstudyingthepast.

D.Maybethere’sacopyofasculptureyoucantouch.

E.Andtheexhibitinthemuseumisnotjustadisplayedobject.

FThis“ahamoment”changedherattitudetowardstheresearch.

.

G.Theobviousabsenceofscentinthestudyofhistoryinspiredher.

【答案】16.D17.B18.G19.C20.E

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了传统博物馆主要通过视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉让人们感受历史，

但嗅觉一直被忽视。德国考古学家BarbaraHuber受此启发，利用现代分子技术复原古代气味，让参观者

能通过嗅觉更真实、立体地体验历史，使博物馆展览不再只是单纯的展品展示。

【16题详解】

根据后文“Museumsallowustoindirectlyexperiencethepastbytappingintoourprimarysenses

—sight,hearing,touch,taste.(博物馆让我们通过调动视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉等主要感官间接体验

过去。)”可知，该部分应是讲到了博物馆提供的“视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉”等感官体验，而空前内容“Is

itthelong-fadedcolorsofancientartifactsorthesoundsofvisitorsdiscussingwhattheysee?(是

那些古老文物早已褪色的色彩，还是游客们讨论所见之物的声音？)”以及空后内容“Somelocationsmight

evenofferaneatabletreatinspiredbyanancientrecipe.(有些地方甚至会提供一种源自古老食谱

的可食用美食。)”涉及了“视觉”，“听觉”和“味觉”，由此推知，设空处应涉及博物馆提供的“触觉”。

选项D“Maybethere’sacopyofasculptureyoucantouch.(或许这里有一件雕塑作品的复制品，你

可以摸一摸。)”讲到了“触觉”，符合语境分析，前后衔接紧密。故选D项。

【17题详解】

根据前文“Museumsallowustoindirectlyexperiencethepastbytappingintoourprimarysenses

—sight,hearing,touch,taste.(博物馆让我们通过调动视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉等主要感官间接体验

过去。)”提出博物馆提供了“视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉”感官体验，缺少“嗅觉（气味）”，由此推知，设

空句应提及“嗅觉（气味）”，选项B“However,moreoftenthannot,smellismissing.(然而，通常情

况下，气味是缺失的。)”提出了“气味缺失”，符合逻辑，且与前文构成转折，同时呼应后文“Representations

ofthepastareoftenscentless…(对过去的再现往往是没有气味的……)”。故选B项。

【18题详解】

根据前文“Representationsofthepastareoftenscentless(无气味的),butsmellprobablyplayed

ahugeroleinmanyhistoricalrealities(对过去的再现往往是没有气味的，但气味很可能在许多历史

现实中扮演了重要角色)”可知，BarbaraHuber提出“历史呈现中缺少气味，但气味很重要”，后文“Sheand

herworkmatestrackeddownsomemolecular(分子的)remainsthatcanletussmellthepast.(她

和她的同事们找到了一些分子残留物，这些残留物能够让我们闻到过去的气息。)”说Huber和同事开始研

究气味、还原气味。由此推知，设空处在两句之间应是承前启后的衔接句，即，“Huber做气味研究的动机”。

选项G“Theobviousabsenceofscentinthestudyofhistoryinspiredher.(在历史研究中那种明

显缺失的“气味”给了她（研究）灵感。)”在句意上符合分析，可衔接前后内容，且“inspired(启发)”

对应后文她开展的研究。故选G项。

【19题详解】

后文“Oneofthereasonsisthatitisincrediblyhardtostudy.(其中一个原因在于，研究工作极

其困难。)”解释“原因之一是研究气味非常难”，由此推知，空处需要提出结果，与后文构成“因果关系”，

选项C“Smellhaslongbeenignoredinstudyingthepast.(气味在历史研究中长期被忽略)”讲述了

结果，符合因果逻辑。故选C项。

【20题详解】

前文“Atthesametime,whenwereconstructthemlikewedidwithScentoftheAfterlife,wecan

bringapieceofthepasttovisitorstoday.(与此同时，当我们像复原“来世之香”那样复原这些气

味时，我们就能为今天的参观者带回一段历史。)”提及“还原气味能把过去带给游客”，由此推知，设空

句紧跟其后，应继续讲述其深层意义。选项E“Andtheexhibitinthemuseumisnotjustadisplayed

object.(而博物馆里的展品并不仅仅是一件陈列出来的物品。)”在句意上可表达出“博物馆展品具有了深

层含义”，用“And”与前文构成递进关系，且呼应后文“…you’reexperiencingthehistoryinadifferent

way.Historyisn’tsomethingweonlysee.(……你正在以一种不同的方式去体验历史。历史并非只是

我们能够亲眼目睹的事物。)”。故选E项。

第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Sixty-fivehoursinoneweek?Howwasthat____21____?Mycellphone’s“screen-timereport”

feltlikeaslap(打)intheface.Well,Iquickly____22____Ihadworkedonlinefull-timethat

week.Still,thatgotmethinkinghard:Wasittimefora____23____?

Actually...yes.That’sitexactly.Iknowmystoryis____24____,butitvariesslightly

fromthenorm,which____25____gettingmoreexerciseorspendingmoretimewithfriendsandfamily.

AsIslowly____26____myselfawayfromthescreen,mycatAthenawasthefirsttonotice.

Shebegantryingcutelittletrickstograbmy____27____.Shepickeduphermousetoyanddropped

itatmyfeet.IknewshewantedmetothrowitlikeIalwaysdidwhenshewasakitty.She____28____

andpreparedtolaunchherselfintotheairforahighcatch.____29____!Shegotitandbrought

itback.IhadassumedthatAthenahad_____30_____herloveofcatch,butapparentlyIwasmistaken.

Isuddenlyfelt_____31_____thatIhadletmyscrolling(刷屏)habitreplaceourmorningplaytime.

Istoppedscrollingthroughfourdifferentnewsfeedsaspartofmymorningroutine.

_____32_____,Ihadmorefreetime.InspiredbyAthena,Ivolunteeredattheanimalshelter,pairing

abandonedcatsanddogswithpotential_____33_____.