2025-2026年江苏省部编版高中英语一轮复习语法填空专题训练习题

2025-2026年江苏省部编版高中英语一轮复习语法填空专题训练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Whilereadingthearticleaboutenvironmentalprotection,weshouldpayattentiontothefollowingaspect,whichisnotincludedinthepassage:A.ThecausesofairpollutioninindustrialcitiesB.ThemeasurestakenbythegovernmenttoreducecarbonemissionsC.ThepersonalactionsindividualscantaketosaveenergyD.Theeconomicimpactofenvironmentaldegradationonglobaltrade解析：本题考查对文章主旨的把握能力。文章围绕环境保护展开，涉及工业城市空气污染的成因（A）、政府减少碳排放的措施（B）以及个人节能行动（C），但未提及环境恶化对全球贸易的经济影响（D），故选D。干扰项A、B、C均与环境保护直接相关，符合文章内容，而D项属于经济领域，与文章主题不符。2.Inthesentence"Despitetheheavyrain,theyinsistedonholdingtheoutdoorweddingceremony,"theword"despite"isusedto:A.ExpressacontrastbetweentwoideasB.IndicateacauseandeffectrelationshipC.EmphasizetheimportanceoftheceremonyD.Showthesequenceofevents解析：本题考查连词的用法。句中"despite"意为"尽管"，引导让步状语从句，表示前后句的对比关系（A），如"heavyrain"与"insistedonholdingtheceremony"形成矛盾。B项错误，cause-effect关系需用"because"或"so"；C项错误，强调作用需用"indeed"或"especially"；D项错误，sequence需用"first"或"then"。3.Thepassivevoiceiscommonlyusedinformalwritingto:A.HighlightthesubjectperformingtheactionB.AvoidmentioningtheagentoftheactionC.EmphasizetheresultoftheactionD.Indicatethetimeoftheaction解析：本题考查被动语态的功能。正式写作中常用被动语态（如"iswritten"）以淡化施动者（B），使读者关注动作本身而非执行者。A项错误，主动语态更突出主语；C项错误，结果需用"so"或"therefore"引导；D项错误，时间状语需用"when"或"after"等。4.Thesentence"Shehasneverseensuchamagnificentsunsetbefore"usesthepresentperfecttenseto:A.DescribeacompletedactioninthepastB.IndicateanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresentC.MentionanactionthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepastD.Expressahabitualaction解析：本题考查时态辨析。句中"hasneverseen"为现在完成时，表示过去经历对现在的影响（B），如"before"暗示该日落是首次体验。A项错误，过去时用"hadseen"；C项错误，具体时间需用一般过去时；D项错误，习惯性动作用一般现在时。5.Thephrase"takeintoaccount"inthesentence"Youshouldtakeintoaccounttheopinionsofyourteammembersbeforemakingadecision"means:A.ToignorethesuggestionsofothersB.ToconsidertheviewsofothersC.ToarguewiththeteammembersD.Todelaythedecision-makingprocess解析：本题考查短语动词含义。takeintoaccount意为"考虑"（B），如"opinions"表明决策需结合团队意见。A项错误，ignore与短语相反；C项错误，argue与语境矛盾；D项错误，delay未在句中提及。6.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedinthesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder"to:A.ExpressarealpossibilityinthepresentB.DescribeafactualsituationC.MakeasuggestioninahypotheticalcontextD.Indicateacommandorrequest解析：本题考查虚拟语气。句中"If"引导条件状语从句，主句用"would"表示与事实相反的假设（C），如"were"而非"was"体现虚拟性。A项错误，realpossibility需用一般现在时；B项错误，事实陈述用陈述句；D项错误，命令需用"must"或"should"。7.Thearticle"TheImpactofSocialMediaonTeenagers"wouldmostlikelyusethefollowingsentencestructure:A."Manyteenagersusesmartphoneseveryday,andthishabitaffectstheirsleepquality."B."Teenagersareaffectedbysocialmedia,buttheextentoftheimpactisdebatable."C."Socialmediaplatformsaredesignedtokeepusersengaged,whichcanleadtoaddiction."D."Sleepdeprivationamongteenagershasincreasedby30%since2020."解析：本题考查文章结构。选项B最符合议论文逻辑，先提出观点（受影响），再补充复杂性（争议性），如"but"引导转折。A项为并列句，缺乏论证层次；C项为因果句，但未体现争议；D项为数据陈述，未涉及核心论点。8.Theword"subsequently"inthesentence"Afterthemeeting,theteammembersworkedontheproject,andsubsequently,theysubmittedthereportontime"indicates:A.AcauseandeffectrelationshipB.AsequenceofeventsC.AcontrastbetweentwoideasD.Aconditionforanaction解析：本题考查副词用法。subsequently意为"随后"（B），如"workedontheproject"与"submittedthereport"形成时间顺序。A项错误，cause-effect需用"therefore"或"asaresult"；C项错误，对比需用"however"或"but"；D项错误，条件需用"if"或"unless"。9.Thesentence"Theexperimentwasconductedundercontrolledconditionstoensuretheaccuracyoftheresults"usesthepassivevoiceto:A.Emphasizetheresearchers'actionsB.HighlighttheimportanceoftheexperimentC.Avoidmentioningtheresearchers'namesD.Showthepurposeoftheexperiment解析：本题考查被动语态的隐含意义。句中"wasconducted"淡化研究者，使读者关注实验本身（D），如"toensureaccuracy"明确目的。A项错误，主动语态更突出研究者；B项错误，强调作用需用形容词；C项错误，被动语态本身不直接避免提及施动者。10.Thephrase"bymeansof"inthesentence"Thecompanyachieveditsgoalsbymeansofinnovativemarketingstrategies"means:A.DespitethechallengesB.ThroughtheuseofcertainmethodsC.Becauseoftheteam'seffortD.Inadditiontootherfactors解析：本题考查介词短语含义。bymeansof意为"通过某种方式"（B），如"innovativemarketingstrategies"是具体方法。A项错误，despite与短语无关；C项错误，becauseof强调原因；D项错误，inadditionto表示补充。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______(write)acompositionabouttheirsummervacation,emphasizingtheimportanceofusing______(correct)grammar.2.IfI______(have)moretime,Iwould______(study)Englisheveryday,butmyscheduleistootight.3.Thelocalgovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______(reduce)pollutioninthecity,suchasencouragingpeopletousepublictransportation.4.Thenovel"1984"byGeorgeOrwell______(describe)adystopiansocietywhereindividualfreedomisseverelyrestricted.5.Thecommitteewillmeetnextweekto______(discuss)thedetailsofthenewproject.6.Despitethedifficulties,she______(manage)tocompletethetaskontime,whichimpressedherboss.7.Theexperiment______(show)thatthenewdrugiseffectiveintreatingthedisease,butfurtherresearchisneeded.8.Thestudentswereaskedto______(compare)thetwoarticlesand______(write)asummaryoftheirfindings.9.Ifyou______(be)inmyposition,youwould______(choose)adifferentapproachtosolvetheproblem.10.Thecompany'ssuccess______(attribute)tothehardworkofitsemployeesandtheirinnovativeideas.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepresentperfecttensecanbeusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepast.(×)解析：一般过去时用于具体过去时间（如yesterday），现在完成时强调经历或影响，故错误。2.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.(×)解析：被动语态在科技论文中更常见，但非绝对正式，如口语中也可使用，故错误。3.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedonlyinconditionalsentences.(×)解析：虚拟语气还用于表示建议（"Isuggestheleave"）、需求（"Itisnecessarythatheleave"）等，故错误。4.Thephrase"takeintoaccount"meanstoignoretheopinionsofothers.(×)解析：该短语意为"考虑"，与ignore相反，故错误。5.Theword"subsequently"indicatesacauseandeffectrelationship.(×)解析：subsequently意为"随后"，强调时间顺序，而非因果关系，故错误。6.Thepassivevoicemustalwaysmentiontheagentoftheaction.(×)解析：被动语态可省略施动者（如"waswritten"），故错误。7.Thepresentperfecttensecanbeusedtodescribehabitualactions.(×)解析：习惯性动作用一般现在时（如"healwayseatsbreakfast"），故错误。8.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedinallformalwriting.(×)解析：正式写作中常见虚拟语气（如"IfIwereyou"），但非所有句子，故错误。9.Thephrase"bymeansof"means"inadditionto."(×)解析：bymeansof意为"通过某种方式"，与inadditionto无关，故错误。10.Thepassivevoiceisneverusedinnarrativewriting.(×)解析：叙事中可使用被动语态（如"wasborn"），故错误。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthesimplepasttense.参考答案：-现在完成时（PresentPerfect）用于描述过去经历对现在的影响，常与already/yet/before等时间状语连用（如"Ihaveseenthatmovie"）。-一般过去时（SimplePast）用于描述过去具体时间发生的动作，常与yesterday/lastweek等时间状语连用（如"Isawthatmovieyesterday"）。解析：两者核心区别在于时间关联性，现在完成时强调经历，一般过去时强调具体时间，需结合语境判断。2.Whatisthefunctionofthesubjunctivemoodinconditionalsentences?参考答案：虚拟语气在条件句中表达假设性，如"IfIwereyou"（与事实相反），主句用"would"或"should"。解析：subjunctivemood通过were/should等形式体现虚拟性，与真实条件句（Ifitrains）形成对比。3.Howdoesthepassivevoicecontributetoformalwriting?参考答案：被动语态淡化施动者，使读者关注动作或结果，如"wasconducted"强调实验过程而非研究者，适合客观陈述。解析：被动语态通过省略施动者实现客观性，常见于学术或技术文本。4.Whatdoesthephrase"takeintoaccount"meaninthecontextofdecision-making?参考答案：意为"考虑"，如决策时需结合他人意见（如"takeintoaccounttheteam'sfeedback"）。解析：该短语强调理性分析，与ignore或ignore相反，是正式写作中的常用表达。5.Howdoestheword"subsequently"indicateasequenceofevents?参考答案：通过"随后"含义（如"finishedthereport,subsequentlysubmittedit"），暗示时间先后关系。解析：subsequently是时间副词，与then类似，但更书面化。6.Whyisthepresentperfecttenseusedinthesentence"ShehasvisitedParisthreetimes"?参考答案：强调过去经历对现在的影响（如"threetimes"表明经验），而非具体访问时间。解析：现在完成时突出经历频次，一般过去时需补充具体时间（如"visitedParislastyear"）。7.Whatisthepurposeofusingthephrase"bymeansof"inasentence?参考答案：表示方式或方法（如"bymeansofadvancedtechnology"），强调手段而非结果。解析：该短语与how类似，但更正式，常用于描述实现目标的途径。8.Howcanthepassivevoicebeusedtoavoidmentioningtheagentinasentence?参考答案：如"theexperimentwascompleted"，省略施动者（如researchers），使读者关注动作本身。解析：被动语态通过"be+过去分词"结构实现，常见于科学或商业文本。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepassivevoice:"Thecommitteewillreviewtheproposalnextweek."参考答案："Theproposalwillbereviewedbythecommitteenextweek."解析：将主动语态的主语（proposal）变为被动句的宾语，施动者（committee）可省略或用"by"引导。2.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"IfI______(have)moremoney,I______(buy)acar."参考答案："had,wouldbuy"解析：条件句主句用"would+动词原形"，从句用虚拟过去时（had+动词过去分词）。3.Fillintheblankwiththecorrectformoftheword:"Theresultsoftheexperimentweresurprisingbecausetheydidnot______(support)theinitialhypothesis."参考答案："support"解析：动词原形填空，主语"results"是复数，动词需保持原形。4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingamodalverb:"Youshouldstudyhardertopasstheexam."参考答案："Youmuststudyhardertopasstheexam."解析：should可替换为must（更强调必要性），其他选项如could（可能性）不适用。5.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"Shehas______(live)inthiscitysince2010."参考答案："lived"解析：现在完成时与sinc