2025-2026年四川省人教版初中三年级英语上册第12章同步练习题

2025-2026年四川省人教版初中三年级英语上册第12章同步练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12章第1节内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassageabout"EnvironmentalProtection"?A.Todescribethebenefitsofrecyclingpaper.B.Topersuadereaderstobuyelectriccars.C.Toexplainhowpollutionaffectswildlife.D.Tointroduceanewlawforwastedisposal.解析：正确答案为C。文章重点讨论了污染对野生动物的影响，如塑料垃圾导致海龟误食，酸雨破坏森林生态等。选项A和B仅涉及部分内容，选项D未提及法律条文，均不符合全文主旨。解析需结合第12章第1节"PollutionandWildlife"段落中具体案例（如"Manyseaturtlesdiefromingestingplasticbags"）进行论证。2.AccordingtothegrammarsectioninUnit12,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.Thestudentswillfinishtheprojecttomorrow.B.Theprojectwillbefinishedbythestudentstomorrow.C.Theyfinishtheprojecttomorrow.D.Theprojectisfinishedbytomorrow.解析：正确答案为B。被动语态结构为"be+pastparticiple"，选项B符合"be+donebysb"的规范。选项A为主动语态，选项C时态错误，选项D缺少be动词，均不符合语法规则。解析需引用第12章语法重点"PassiveVoiceinEnvironmentalReports"中的例句对比。3.Inthereadingpassage"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"whichsentenceshowsacause-and-effectrelationship?A.Manyanimalsareendangeredbecauseofhabitatloss.B.Thepandaisblackandwhite.C.Scientistsworktosavetigers.D.Rainforestsareimportantecosystems.解析：正确答案为A。该句符合"because"引导的因果关系，与第12章第2节"CausesofExtinction"主题一致。选项B为描述性陈述，选项C为目的状语，选项D为泛指说明，均无因果逻辑。解析需结合文中"Deforestationleadsto80%ofspeciesextinction"等数据支撑。4.WhichwordbestcompletesthesentencefromUnit12'svocabularysection?"Thegovernmenthastakenstrictmeasuresto______theillegaltradeofivory."A.supportB.protectC.developD.encourage解析：正确答案为B。"Protect"与语境中的"illegaltrade"形成语义衔接，符合第12章"ConservationEfforts"单元中"protectendangeredspecies"的词汇主题。选项A、C、D与打击非法贸易的语境矛盾。解析需对比单元词汇表中"support/promote"与"protect"的语义场差异。5.AccordingtothewritingtaskinSectionB,whichoutlineissuitableforacompositionabout"MyRoleinEnvironmentalProtection"?A.Introduction-EffectsofPollution-SolutionsB.Introduction-PersonalActions-GovernmentPoliciesC.Introduction-TypesofPollution-MyOpinionD.Introduction-FamousEnvironmentalists-Conclusion解析：正确答案为B。该结构符合单元写作要求，体现个人责任（PersonalActions），与第12章"TakingAction"主题一致。选项A侧重宏观问题，选项C偏重分类讨论，选项D缺乏实践性。解析需引用单元写作指南中"StructureforAction-OrientedEssays"的示例。6.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthefuturecontinuoustense?A.Theywillvisitthenationalparknextweek.B.Thevolunteerswillbeplantingtreesat9AM.C.Wehavefinishedtheexperiment.D.Sheisreadingabooknow.解析：正确答案为B。该句符合"willbe+V-ing"结构，描述未来某时正在进行的动作，与第12章语法重点"FutureContinuousforScheduledEvents"一致。选项A为一般将来时，选项C为现在完成时，选项D为现在进行时。解析需对比三种时态在环保主题语境中的使用差异。7.Inthelisteningpassage"InterviewwithaParkRanger,"whatdoestherangeremphasizeasthemostimportantmeasuretoprotectanimals?A.Buildingmorezoos.B.Reducinghumaninterference.C.Increasingfoodsupplies.D.Usingadvancedtechnology.解析：正确答案为B。根据第12章听力材料"Humanactivitiesliketourismandagriculturearethebiggestthreats"，选项B与原文观点一致。选项A、C、D均为辅助措施，未提及核心问题。解析需引用听力原文中"80%ofconflictsarisefromlanddisputes"等数据。8.Whichsentencecontainsacorrectrelativeclause?A.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.B.TheteacherwhoteachesusEnglishiskind.C.Theyarestudentswhostudyhard.D.TheparkwhereweplayedlastSundayisclosed.解析：正确答案为B。定语从句中关系代词"who"指代先行词"teacher"，符合第12章语法重点"RelativeClauseswithPeople"。选项A缺少关系代词，选项C"who"与"students"指代错误，选项D"where"指代错误。解析需对比关系代词"who/which/that/where"的用法场景。9.AccordingtothespeakingactivityinSectionC,whatshouldstudentsincludeintheirdebateabout"Cityvs.Nature"?A.Onlypersonalopinions.B.Factsandstatistics.C.Onlyemotionalarguments.D.Storiesfromfamousscientists.解析：正确答案为B。单元口语活动强调用数据支持观点，如第12章辩论指南中"Useatleastthreestatisticsfromthereadingpassage"。选项A、C、D缺乏客观性。解析需结合单元口语评分标准"ContentAccuracy"进行说明。10.Whichsentenceusesacorrectcomparativestructure?A.Thisrecyclingprogramismoreeffectivethanthatone.B.Thepollutioninthiscityismorethaninthatone.C.Thisforestismorebeautifulthantheriver.D.Thetemperatureismorehightoday.解析：正确答案为A。比较级结构正确，与第12章语法重点"Comparativeswith-er"一致。选项B缺少"level/degree"，选项C形容词错误，选项D副词搭配不当。解析需对比"comparative/superlative"与"as...as"结构的用法。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassageexplainshow______canleadtotheextinctionofrarespecies.(Unit12SectionA)2.Weshould______plasticbottlesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.(Unit12Vocabulary)3.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______wildlifefrompoachers.(Unit12Grammar)4.Accordingtothechart,thenumberofpolarbearshas______by30%inthelastdecade.(Unit12Reading)5.Volunteerswill______treesintheparkeverySaturday.(Unit12Listening)6.Theteacheraskedustowriteareportabout______wecandotoreducecarbonemissions.(Unit12Writing)7.Therelativeclausein"Thegirl______livesnextdoor"needsaverb.(Unit12Grammar)8.Inthedebate,studentsshouldprovide______tosupporttheirarguments.(Unit12Speaking)9.Thefuturecontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwill______ataspecifictime.(Unit12Grammar)10.Thelisteningpassagementionsthat______isthemainthreattocoralreefs.(Unit12SectionB)参考答案：1.Habitatdestruction2.Recycle3.Protect4.Decreased5.Plant6.What7.does8.evidence9.happen10.Overfishing解析：第1题需结合"DeforestationandHabitatLoss"段落，第2题对应"Recycling"词汇表，第3题关联被动语态练习，第4题引用图表数据，第5题根据听力对话"Volunteersmeetat9AM"等细节，第6题参考写作任务说明，第7题检查定语从句结构，第8题对应口语评分标准，第9题复习语法笔记，第10题定位听力原文"Commercialfishing"段落。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"WhyAnimalsBecomeEndangered"mainlydiscussesthebenefitsofwildlifeconservation.(Unit12SectionA)2.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoiceinacademicwriting.(Unit12Grammar)3.Accordingtothechart,alltypesofpollutionareequallyharmfultoanimals.(Unit12Reading)4.Thelisteningpassagementionsthat60%ofendangeredspeciesliveinAfrica.(Unit12SectionB)5.Inthedebate,itisacceptabletousepersonalstorieswithoutanyfacts.(Unit12Speaking)6.Therelativepronoun"which"canbeusedtorefertopeopleinEnglish.(Unit12Grammar)7.Thefuturecontinuoustenseisusedtodescribecompletedactionsinthepast.(Unit12Grammar)8.Thewritingtaskasksstudentstopersuadereaderstoadopteco-friendlyhabits.(Unit12Writing)9.Thevocabularyword"endangered"means"indangerofdisappearing."(Unit12Vocabulary)10.Therelativeclause"ThebookthatIboughtyesterday"isgrammaticallycorrect.(Unit12Grammar)参考答案：1.×2.×3.×4.×5.×6.×7.×8.√9.√10.√解析：第1题原文强调威胁因素而非收益，第2题语法中主动被动无绝对优劣，第3题图表显示水污染危害最高，第4题数据实际为亚洲，第5题口语指南要求数据支持，第6题"which"仅限物，第7题现在完成进行时描述持续动作，第8题写作任务明确要求说服力，第9题符合单元词汇定义，第10题"that"可指物，结构正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"protect"and"save"inthecontextofenvironmentalprotection.(Unit12Vocabulary)2.Howcanthepassivevoicebeusefulwhenwritingaboutpollution?(Unit12Grammar)3.Describethreecausesofanimalextinctionmentionedinthereadingpassage.(Unit12SectionA)4.Whatshouldstudentsincludeintheirintroductionforthewritingtask?(Unit12Writing)5.Whyisitimportanttousefactsinthedebateabout"Cityvs.Nature"?(Unit12Speaking)6.Howdoesthefuturecontinuoustensedifferfromthesimplefuturetense?(Unit12Grammar)7.Whatisthepurposeofarelativeclauseinasentence?(Unit12Grammar)8.Accordingtothelisteningpassage,whataretwoactionsindividualscantake?(Unit12SectionB)参考答案：1."Protect"meanspreventingharm(e.g.,"protectforests"),while"save"meansrescuing(e.g.,"saveanimals").2.Passivevoicehighlightstheimpactofpollutionwithoutnamingthecause(e.g.,"Riversarepollutedbychemicals").3.Habitatloss,poaching,andclimatechange.4.Statetheproblem,mentionthetopic,andthesisstatement.5.Factsmakeargumentscredibleandobjective.6.Futurecontinuousdescribesongoingactions(e.g.,"willbestudying"),simplefuturedescribescompletedactions(e.g.,"willstudy").7.Relativeclausesprovideadditionalinformationaboutnouns(e.g.,"ThebookthatIbought").8.Reducewasteandplanttrees.解析：第1题需对比单元词汇表中动词搭配，第2题结合语法笔记中"PassiveVoiceinProblemReports"，第3题总结"CausesofExtinction"段落，第4题参考写作指南"IntroductionStructure"，第5题关联口语评分标准"ArgumentStrength"，第6题对比语法笔记中时态对比表，第7题复习定语从句功能，第8题定位听力对话"SimpleActions"部分。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethesentence"Peoplecutdowntreesfortimber"inthepassivevoice.(Unit12Grammar)2.Completetherelativeclause:"Theparkwhere______isfamousforitsbirds."(Unit12Grammar)3.Writeafuturecontinuoussentenceaboutyourweekendplans.(Unit12Grammar)4.Createashortdialogue(5lines)betweentwostudentsdiscussingrecycling.(Unit12Speaking)5.Translatethesentence"Thegovernmentistakingmeasurestoprotectendangeredspecies"intoChinese.(Unit12Vocabulary)6.Writeatopicsentenceforaparagraphabout"TheImportanceofVolunteering."(Unit12Writing)7.Identifytheerrorinthesentence:"Theexperimentwillfinishat3PMtomorrow."(Unit12Grammar)8.Designaposter(textonly)for"SaveWater"withthreeslogans.(Unit12SectionA)参考答案：1.Treesarecutdownbypeoplefortimber.2.Theparkwherewevisitisfamous...3.IwillbevisitingmygrandparentsthisSaturday.4.A:Let'srecycleplasticbottles.B:Goodidea!Wecansortthematschool.5.政府正在采取措施保护濒危物种。6.Volunteeringplaysacrucialroleinenvironmentalconservation.7.Error:simplefutureinsteadoffuturecontinuousforscheduledevent.8.Slogans:1.Everydropcounts!2.Turnoffthetapwhennotinuse.3.Savewaterforfuturegenerations.解析：第1题检查被动语态结构，第2题测试关系代词用法，第3题应用时态规则，第4题参考口语活动示例，第5题翻译需准确传达被动含义，第6题符合写作主题，第7题时态错误分析，第8题结合单元环保主题设计原创标语。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C2.B3.A4.B5.B6.B7.B8.B9.B10.A解析示例（第1题）：原文第1节明确指出"Pollutiondisruptswildlifehabitats,leadingtospeciesextinction"，选项C与"habitatloss"直接对应。其他选项仅涉及部分内容，如A仅提"recycling"，D未提及法律，均不全面。二、填空题1.Habitatdestruction2.Recycle3.Protect4.Decreased5.Plant6.What7.does8.evidence9.happen10.Overfishing解析示例（第4题）：图表第12章第2页显示北极熊数量从2000年的1000只降至2020年的700只，计算得出"decreasedby30%"，需结合具体数据。三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.×5.×6.×7.×8.√9.√10.√解析示例（第5题）：单元口语指南明确要求"Useatleastthreestatistics"，如"AccordingtoWWF,60%ofcitiesdamageecosystems"，仅用故事无法得分。四、简答题1."Protect"focusesonprevention(e.g.,"protectforestsfromlogging"),while"save"emphasizesrescueactions(e.g.,"saveanimalsfromtraps").解析：需引用单元词汇表例句对比，如"Protectendangeredspecies"vs"Savethemfromhunters"。2.Passivevoiceisusefulforpollutionwritingbecauseitavoidsnamingpolluters(e.g.,"Airqualityisdegradedbyindustrialemissions").解析：结合语法笔记中"PassiveVoiceinProblemReports"部分，强调客观性。3.Threecauses: