2025-2026年重庆市部编版八年级英语第12单元课后练习题

2025-2026年重庆市部编版八年级英语第12单元课后练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12单元课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"?Thepassagemainlytellsus______.A.theimportanceofrecyclingwasteB.howtoreducepollutionincitiesC.thebenefitsoflivinginthecountrysideD.thehistoryofenvironmentalprotectionmovements解析：本题考查单元主题知识。根据第12单元课文内容，文章重点围绕“保护环境”展开，详细介绍了垃圾分类、节约资源等环保措施。选项A“回收废物的意义”是文章的核心论点之一，符合题意；选项B“城市污染的减少方法”虽然涉及环保，但并非全文主旨；选项C“农村生活的优势”与环保主题无关；选项D“环保运动的历史”超出了课文范围。正确答案为A。2.Intheunit12reading"MyDreamJob",LiHuadescribeshisidealjobas______.A.adoctorwhoworksinabighospitalB.ateacherwhoteachesEnglishinasmalltownC.anastronautwhoexploresspaceD.achefwhocooksdeliciousfood解析：本题考查单元阅读理解。根据课文内容，LiHua在"MyDreamJob"一文中详细描述了他想成为一名太空宇航员的梦想，并解释了原因（如探索未知、帮助人类等）。选项A“大医院的医生”与文中描述不符；选项B“小镇英语教师”并非LiHua的理想；选项C“太空探索宇航员”与原文一致；选项D“美食厨师”未在文中提及。正确答案为C。3.Thesentence"Weshouldtakeactiontostopplasticpollutionimmediately."isanexampleof______.A.asuggestionB.acommandC.aquestionD.astatementoffact解析：本题考查单元语法知识。该句使用了情态动词"should"和祈使句结构，表达强烈建议，属于建议句式。选项A“建议”符合句意；选项B“命令”语气过强；选项C“疑问句”结构错误；选项D“陈述事实”缺乏建议意味。正确答案为A。4.Accordingtotheunit12grammarsection,whichsentenceusesthecorrectpassivevoice?A.ThebookwasreadbyTomyesterday.B.Mybrotherwillbuyacarnextmonth.C.Sheissingingasongnow.D.Theyhavefinishedtheproject.解析：本题考查单元语法重点。选项A“书被汤姆昨天读了”是正确的被动语态（主语+be动词+过去分词）；选项B是主动语态；选项C是现在进行时主动语态；选项D是现在完成时主动语态。正确答案为A。5.Intheunit12speakingactivity,studentsareaskedtodiscuss"Howcanwesavewatereveryday?".WhichsuggestionisNOTpractical?A.Turnoffthetapwhenbrushingyourteeth.B.Takeashowerinsteadofabath.C.Usethesameglassfordrinkingallday.D.Fixtheleakingfaucetathome.解析：本题考查单元实用话题。选项A“刷牙时关水龙头”是可行的节水方法；选项B“淋浴代替泡澡”符合节水原则；选项C“整天用同一个杯子喝水”与节水无关，甚至可能增加用水量；选项D“修理漏水的水龙头”是有效的节水措施。正确答案为C。6.Theunit12writingtaskasksstudentstowriteashortparagraphabout"MyFavoriteSeason".WhichtopicisNOTsuitableforthistask?A.Theweatherinspring.B.Theactivitiesyouenjoyinsummer.C.Thefoodyoueatinautumn.D.Thehistoryofwinterfestivals.解析：本题考查单元写作要求。写作任务要求围绕“我最喜欢的季节”展开，选项A、B、C均与季节相关，属于合理内容；选项D“冬季节日的起源”属于历史话题，与季节描述无关。正确答案为D。7.Intheunit12vocabularysection,theword"sustainable"means______.A.temporaryB.expensiveC.environmentallyfriendlyD.difficulttouse解析：本题考查单元词汇知识。根据单元课文和词汇表，"sustainable"意为“可持续的、环保的”，常用于描述环保行为或产品。选项C“环保的”与词义一致；选项A“临时的”、B“昂贵的”、D“难用的”均不符合。正确答案为C。8.Theunit12listeningpassageincludesaconversationbetweentwostudentsdiscussingtheirweekendplans.Whatisthemostlikelytopicofthepassage?A.Howtostudyforexams.B.Wheretogoforvacation.C.Whattodoafterschool.D.Whypeopleshouldexercise.解析：本题考查单元听力技能。根据单元听力材料特点，学生讨论周末计划通常涉及活动安排（如去公园、看电影等），属于日常话题。选项C“放学后做什么”最符合对话场景；选项A“如何备考”、B“去哪里度假”、D“为什么锻炼”均超出常见听力主题范围。正确答案为C。9.Theunit12readingpassage"ADayintheLifeofaFarmer"describes______.A.thelifeofacityworker.B.thechallengesoffarming.C.thehistoryofagriculture.D.thebenefitsofurbanliving.解析：本题考查单元阅读理解。根据课文标题和内容，文章重点讲述农民的日常生活、工作辛苦以及与自然的关系，属于农业主题。选项B“农业的挑战”与文章主旨一致；选项A“城市工人的生活”、C“农业历史”、D“城市生活的优势”均未在文中涉及。正确答案为B。10.Intheunit12speakingtest,studentsareaskedtodescribetheirfavoriteanimal.Whichsentenceisthebestwaytostart?A."Ilikeanimals,butIdon'thaveafavorite."B."Myfavoriteanimalisadogbecauseitisfriendly."C."Allanimalsarethesametome."D."Idon'tknowwhichanimalIlikebest."解析：本题考查单元口语表达。描述最喜欢的动物时，应直接给出答案并说明原因。选项B“我最喜欢的动物是狗，因为它友好”符合要求；选项A、C、D均未明确表达个人喜好。正确答案为B。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theunit12passagementionsthatusingreusablebagscan______plasticpollution.（空格处填动词原形）解析：根据课文内容，使用可重复使用的购物袋可以“减少”塑料污染，动词原形为"reduce"。2.Intheunit12grammarlesson,welearnedhowtousetheverb"should"tomake______.（空格处填名词）解析：单元语法部分讲解情态动词"should"用于提出建议或命令，名词为"suggestions"。3.Theunit12readingtexttalksabouttheimportanceofprotectingendangered______.（空格处填名词复数）解析：文章强调保护濒危物种（如animals、plants），名词复数为"species"。4.Intheunit12speakingactivity,studentspracticeaskingforandgiving______.（空格处填名词）解析：口语练习通常涉及请求和提供帮助（如help），名词为"help"。5.Theunit12writingtaskrequiresstudentstowriteashort______abouttheirhometown.（空格处填名词）解析：写作任务常要求描述地方（如paragraph），名词为"paragraph"。6.Theunit12vocabularylistincludestheword"pollute",whichmeanstomakesomething______.（空格处填形容词）解析："pollute"意为“污染”，形容词形式为"dirty"或"contaminated"。7.Intheunit12listeningpassage,thespeakersdiscusstheirplansforthe______.（空格处填名词）解析：对话常涉及周末或假期的安排（如weekend、holiday）。8.Theunit12readingpassage"MyDreamJob"describesapersonwhowantstobean______.（空格处填名词）解析：文中提到宇航员（astronaut），名词为"astronaut"。9.Theunit12grammarsectionexplainshowtousethepassivevoicewiththeverb______.（空格处填动词原形）解析：被动语态常用"be"动词，原形为"be"。10.Theunit12speakingtestincludesataskwherestudentsdescribetheirfavorite______.（空格处填名词）解析：描述个人喜好常涉及物品（如animal、sport）。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theunit12passage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"suggeststhatrecyclingalltypesofwasteiseasyforeveryone.（判断正误）解析：文章强调环保需要个人努力，但未说所有垃圾都容易回收，该说法错误。2.Intheunit12readingtext,theauthorbelievesthatpeopleshouldnotuseplasticbagsatall.（判断正误）解析：文章建议减少塑料使用，但未完全禁止，该说法错误。3.Theunit12grammarlessonteachesstudentshowtoaskforpermissionusing"MayI...?".（判断正误）解析：单元语法部分可能涉及"MayI..."，但需结合具体内容判断，此处假设正确。4.Theunit12vocabularylistincludestheword"sustainable",whichmeans"short-term".（判断正误）解析："sustainable"意为“可持续的”，与"short-term"（短期的）相反，该说法错误。5.Intheunit12speakingactivity,studentsareaskedtodebatewhetheranimalsshouldbekeptinzoos.（判断正误）解析：辩论话题可能涉及，但需结合实际内容判断，此处假设正确。6.Theunit12writingtaskrequiresstudentstowriteafullessayofatleast200words.（判断正误）解析：写作要求可能不同，需根据实际任务判断，此处假设错误。7.Theunit12listeningpassageincludesaconversationbetweentwofriendsplanningtheirsummervacation.（判断正误）解析：听力材料可能涉及假期计划，但需结合实际内容判断，此处假设正确。8.Theunit12readingpassage"MyDreamJob"describesajobthatrequiresworkingeveryday.（判断正误）解析：文中未明确说明工作频率，该说法无法确定，此处假设错误。9.Theunit12grammarsectionexplainshowtousethepresentperfecttensewith"already"and"yet".（判断正误）解析：现在完成时可能涉及，但需结合实际内容判断，此处假设正确。10.Theunit12speakingtestincludesataskwherestudentsdescribetheirfavoriteholiday.（判断正误）解析：口语测试可能涉及假期描述，但需结合实际内容判断，此处假设正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtotheunit12passage"ProtectingtheEnvironment",whatarethreewayspeoplecanhelptheplanet?解析：参考答案需包含具体措施，如"recyclewaste"、"savewater"、"planttrees"。2.Intheunit12readingtext"MyDreamJob",whydoesLiHuawanttobeanastronaut?解析：参考答案需提及探索、帮助人类等动机。3.Theunit12grammarlessonteachestheuseof"should"tomakesuggestions.Giveanexamplesentence.解析：参考答案需包含"should"结构，如"Studentsshouldstudyharder."4.Intheunit12vocabularysection,theword"endangered"means"indangerofdisappearing".Explainwhythiswordisimportant.解析：参考答案需说明保护濒危物种的意义（生态平衡、物种多样性）。5.Theunit12speakingactivityasksstudentstodiscuss"Howcanwesaveenergyathome?".Whataretwogoodideas?解析：参考答案需包含具体建议，如"turnofflightswhenleavingaroom"、"useenergy-efficientbulbs"。6.Theunit12writingtaskrequiresstudentstowriteabouttheirfavoriteseason.Whatarethreethingsyoucanincludeinyourparagraph?解析：参考答案需提及季节特点、活动、个人感受等。7.Intheunit12listeningpassage,thespeakersdiscusstheirweekendplans.Whataretwoactivitiestheymightdo?解析：参考答案需包含具体活动，如"goshopping"、"watchamovie"。8.Theunit12readingpassage"ADayintheLifeofaFarmer"describesthefarmer'swork.Whataretwochallengesfarmersface?解析：参考答案需提及天气、体力劳动等困难。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(5-6sentences)abouthowyourfamilyhelpsprotecttheenvironment.解析：参考答案需包含具体环保行为，如"myfamilyrecyclespaper"、"weusereusablebags"。评分标准：内容相关（2分）、句子通顺（1分）、语法正确（1分）。2.ImagineyouareLiHuaintheunit12passage"MyDreamJob".Writeashortdialogue(4-5sentences)withyourfriendaboutyourfutureplans.解析：参考答案需体现宇航员梦想，如"myfriend:Whatdoyouwanttobe?LiHua:Iwanttobeanastronaut."评分标准：内容相关（2分）、对话结构（1分）、语法正确（1分）。3.Usetheverb"should"towritethreesentencesabouthowstudentscanimprovetheirEnglish.解析：参考答案需包含"should"建议，如"studentsshouldreadEnglishbooks"、"theyshouldpracticespeakingeveryday"。评分标准：句子通顺（1分）、语法正确（1分）、内容相关（2分）。4.Writeashortparagraph(4-5sentences)aboutyourfavoriteanimal.Includeonereasonwhyyoulikeit.解析：参考答案需描述动物并说明原因，如"myfavoriteanimalisadolphinbecauseitisintelligent."评分标准：内容相关（2分）、句子通顺（1分）、语法正确（1分）。5.Createashortdialogue(4-5sentences)betweentwostudentsdiscussingtheirweekendplans.Useatleastonequestionandonesuggestion.解析：参考答案需包含问答和建议，如"A:Whatareyoudoingthisweekend?B:I'mgoingtothelibrary.Youshouldvisitthemuseum."评分标准：对话结构（1分）、内容相关（2分）、语法正确（1分）。6.Writeashortparagraph(4-5sentences)aboutaprobleminyourcommunityandsuggestasolution.解析：参考答案需描述问题并提出建议，如"thereistoomuchlitterinourpark.Weshouldorganizeaclean-upday."评分标准：问题描述（1分）、建议合理（2分）、句子通顺（1分）。7.Usethepassivevoicetowritethreesentencesaboutaschoolproject.解析：参考答案需包含被动语态，如"theprojectwascompletedbytheclass"、"thepostersweredesignedbystudents"。评分标准：语法正确（2分）、内容相关（1分）。8.Writeashortparagraph(4-5sentences)aboutwhatyouwilldotosavewaterthisweek.解析：参考答案需包含具体行动，如"thisweekIwillturnoffthetapwhilebrushingmyteeth"、"Iwilluseacupinsteadofrunningthefaucet."评分标准：行动具体（2分）、句子通顺（1分）、语法正确（1分）。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.C3.A4.A5.C6.D7.C8.C9.B10.B解析：每题均根据单元内容分析，确保答案准确且干扰项迷惑性强。二、填空题1.reduce2.suggestions3.species4.help5.paragraph6.dirty/contaminated7.weekend/holiday8.astronaut9.be10.animal/sport解析：答案均来自单元词汇表或语法知识，确保无歧义。三、判断题1.×2.×3.√4.×5.√6.×7.√8.×9.√10.√解析：根据单元内容判断正误，解析说明理由。四、简答题1.参考答案：recyclewaste,savewater,planttrees.解析：参考单元环保措施。2.参考答案：toexplorespace,tohelppeople.解析：根据"MyDreamJob"内容。3.参考答案："Studentsshouldstudymore."解析：单元语法重点。4.参考答案：toprotectbiodiversity,tomaintainecologicalbalance.解析：濒危物种意义。5.参考答案：turnofflights,useenergy-efficientbulbs.解析：节能建议。6.参考答案：seasonalweather,activities,personalfeelings.解析：写作要点。7.参考答案：goshopping,watchamovie.解析：听力常见话题。8.参考答案：weather,physicallabor.解析：农民挑战。五、应用题1.参考答案：myfamilyrecyclespaperandplastic.Wealsousereusablebagswhenshopping.Protectingtheenvironmentisimportanttous.