八年级下册英语外研版导学案：M3U2

Module3JourneytospaceUnit2Wehavenotfoundlifeonanyotherplanetsyet.(第一课时)一、学习目标：1.初步掌握本课重点词汇和句型2.初步认识现在完成时的否定句句式3.通过快读和细读理解课文大意并找出细节信息，提高有关宇宙探索话题的阅读技能二、学习重点：通过阅读文章熟练掌握现在完成时的否定句句式三、学习难点：理清文章逻辑并理解文章细节信息课前预习一、使用说明与学法指导：1.朗读并识记单词表中本课新词汇，不会读的用红笔标记；试读课文篇章，不会读或不能理解的用红笔标记2.限时15分钟完成二、教材助读：1.预习本课阅读文章，试着理解文章大意并朗读2.理清文章的结构，思考如何处理关于宇宙探索这一话题的写作三、预习自测（一）用英语写出以下单词1.没有一人；没有一个_____2.系统____________3.宇宙___________4.不可能的_______________5.环境____________6.群；组_________7.光；光线_______________8.联系；交流_______9.在远方_________10.太阳的________________（二）写出下列短语，然后在课文文章中找出并勾画1.在地球上_____________________2.hundredsofmillionsof…__________________2.goaround…__________________3.sevenotherplanets_______________________4.它们中没有任何一个___________5.thesolarsystem__________________________6.……的一小部分_______________7.agroupofstarsandplanets_________________8.几十亿_____________9.在宇宙中_________________10.足够远___________11.在太空中____________________12.与某人交流___________________________（三）自读课文，找出并翻译以下句子，1.Therehasbeenlifeontheearthforhundredsofmillionsofyears.2.Wehavenotfoundlifeonanyotherplanetsyet.3.Scientistshavealsodiscoveredmanyothergalaxiesintheuniverse.4.However,nospaceshiphastravelledfarenoughtoreachotherstarsinourGalaxy.5.Havetherebeenvisitorstotheearthfromotherplanets?Whyhasnoonecommunicatedwithus?6.Noneofthemhasanenvironmentlikethatoftheearth,soscientistsdonotthinktheywillfindlifeonthem.7.Howlargeistheuniverse?Itisimpossibletoimagine.8.Withsomanystarsintheuniverse,arewealone,oristherelifeoutthereinsapce?熟读并识记以上单词、短语和句子，识记单词、短语，理解句子四、我的疑问：__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课内探究一、情景导入：LookatthepictureinActivity1.TalkaboutwhatyouknowaboutChinesespaceships.二、学始于疑Doyouknowanythingaboutthesolarsystemandgalaxies?Doyouthinkthereislifeonotherplanets?三、质疑探究分层阅读文章，逐步理解基本内容1.Readfasttounderstandthemainideaandthestructureofthepassage.1)Choosethebesttitleforthepassage.(Activity2)2)Talkaboutthefollowingwordsandphrases.What’stheirrelationship（关系）?theearthplanetthesuntheGalaxytheMilkyWaygalaxiestheuniverse2.Readcarefullytounderstandthedetails.1)CheckthesentencesinActivity3.2)CompletethepassageinActivity4.3.Translatethepassageandreaditaloud.四、当堂检测根据汉语提示或首字母提示完成句子1.It’si___________toimproveyourmathsifyoudon’tdoenoughexercises.2.Weshouldlearnhowto___________（交流）withothers.That’sanimportantthinginourlife.3.Idon’tthinkwe’realoneintheu___________.Theremustbelifeonotherplanets.4.The__________（环境）ofairandwaterontheearthisfitforlife.5.Howmanypageshaveyouread?N__________.ThesedaysIhavebeenbusywithareportandhadnotimetoreadthebook.6.Manyanimalslivein_________（组；群）,justlikepeople.7.Thesungivesout__________（光）butweseeitmanyyearslater.五、课后反思__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课后训练单项选择1.Asweallknow,thelight________muchfasterthanthesound.A.runsB.walksC.travelsD.takes2.WiththehelpoftheInternet,newscan________everycorneroftheworld.A.get B.arrive C.goD.reach3.MyfriendsandIareinterestedinskating,but_________ofusisgoodatit.A. none B.all C.bothD.neither4.Peoplecommunicate_________eachotherinmanydifferentways.A.with B.to C.by D.for5.Itistruethatscientistshavenot_______lifeonanyotherplanetsintheuniverse_______.A.find;already B.found;yet C.found;alreadyD.find;yetUnit2Wehavenotfoundlifeonanyotherplanetsyet.(第二课时)一、学习目标：1.熟悉并学会使用本课知识重点2.灵活运用现在完成时的否定句及just,already,yet3.学会有关描述宇宙探索这一话题的简单写作二、学习重点：熟悉并学会本课知识重点，学会有关描述宇宙探索一类话题的写作三、学习难点：有关宇宙探索这一话题的写作课前预习一、使用说明与学法指导：1.小组合作深入理解课文篇章，挖掘对话中的知识重点2.限时15分钟完成二、教材助读1.本模块的重点结构是现在完成时，因此，须勾画出现在完成时的句子并标注出其谓语部分2.课文篇章出现了therebe句型的现在完成时态，请勾画之后仔细观察并总结其结构：肯定句：_____________________________________________________________________否定句：_____________________________________________________________________一般疑问句：_________________________________________________________________肯定回答：_______________________________________________________________否定回答：_______________________________________________________________三、预习自测完成句子：________________computersinourschoolfornearlysixyears.我们学校有电脑已近六年。________________waterforalongtime.很长时间都没有水了。________________lifeontheearthforhundredsofmillionsofyears?生命在地球上存在有几亿年时间了吗？Yes,_______________.是的。四、我的疑问：__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课内探究一、情景导入Retellthepassageaccordingtothefollowingwordsandphrases.theearth,thesun,planet,solarsystem,none,environment,discover,life,communicate二、学始于疑1.你弄清楚了therebe句型现在完成时的结构吗？2.none和noone有何联系与不同？3.还记得enough的用法吗？三、质疑探究（一）语言点探究1.Scientiststhinkthattherehasbeenlifeontheearthforhundredsofmillionsyears.“_________________________________________________________________________”1)hundredsof…“____________”，millionsof…“____________”，hundredsofmillionsof…“_____________”2)therebe句型一般表达“某地有……”之义，表存在，它有各种各种时态，由于是倒装句，陈述句中主语位于be动词之后。一般现在时：thereis/are+主语（否定句和一般疑问句都在_______上作变化）一般过去时：therewas/were+主语（否定句和一般疑问句都在_______上作变化）现在完成时：therehave/hasbeen+主语（否定句和一般疑问句都在_______上作变化）因此，总结therebe句型的现在完成时态结构：肯定句：__________________________________________________________________否定句：__________________________________________________________________一般疑问句：______________________________________________________________肯定回答：______________________________________________________________否定回答：______________________________________________________________注意：现在完成时态中的have/has是助动词，没有具体含义，而不是实意动词“有”。思考：怎样确定选用have还是has呢？_______________________________________________therebe句型的现在完成时态表达何种含义？___________________________________牛刀小试：翻译句子：我们班已有六十个学生。_______________________________________________冰箱里已有足够的水果了吗？________________________________________不，没有。也没有足够的蔬菜。______________________________________2.Noneofthemhasanenvironmentlikethatoftheearth,soscientistsdonotthinktheywillfindlifeonthem.“_________________________________________________________________”1)辨析none/noone词语词义用法_______“没有一个；没有一人；一点也没有”①既可指人，也可指物②可以构成短语noneof+名词/代词③可视为单数，也可视为复数、④用howmany提问_______“没有人”①只能指人②其后不能接of③视为单数④用who提问牛刀小试：用所给词的正确形式填空：Noneofthesebooks________(sell)well.Noneofthemoney________(be)mine.Allhisclassmatesknowshismistakebutnoone________(laugh)athim.选词填空：none/nooneHowmanystudentsdidn’tpasstheexam?_____________.WhohasbeentoAustralia?_____________.2)think“想；认为”，believe“相信”等词后面所接从句若表达否定含义，一般要发生否定转移，即将否定部分转移到think,believe上，而不否定从句部分，但是在汉语翻译中我们更习惯否定从句内容。牛刀小试：翻译句子：我相信丽丽没有那样做。_______________________________________________大明想托尼将再也不会跟他玩了。_______________________________________3.Theyareveryfarawayandtheirlighthastotravelformanyyearstoreachus.“__________________________________________________________________________”1)faraway“__________”2)light：不可数名词“光；光线”，可数名词“灯”，形容词“轻的”3)“for+一段时间”表示某动作或状态持续了一段时间，常用于回答howlong特殊疑问句牛刀小试：请用light的适当形式填空Remembertoturnoffthe___________whenyouleavetheclassroom.Thisboxistooheavyforyoutocarry.Thatoneismuch__________.The_________travelsfasterthanthesound.根据汉语提示完成句子：_______________haveyoustayedhere?你在这里呆了多久了？_________________________________.三个月了。4.Itisimpossibletoimagine.“___________________________________________________”1)本句的句型结构是：___________________________________________________________2)possible“_______”，impossible“________”常见的否定前缀有im-,in-,un-,dis-等，放在形容词或动词、名词之前表否定。如：形容词：polite“________”impolite“________”correct“________”incorrect“________”important“________”unimportant“________”动词：like“________”dislike“________”agree“________”disagree“________”名词：advantage“________”disadvantage“________”牛刀小试：Isuggestedgoingoutforawalk,butmum_______.我建议出去走走，但妈妈不赞同。5.However,nospaceshiphastravelledfarenoughtoreachotherstarsinourGalaxy.“__________________________________________________________________________”enough“_______”，既可修饰名词，放在名词之前，也可修饰形容词、副词，放在形容词、副词之后，如enoughspace“足够的空间”，highenough“足够高”，earlyenough“足够早”enough还可以搭配不定式，构成下列结构：enough+n.+todosth.“足够的某物来做某事”adj/adv.+enough+todosth.“足够……来做某事”牛刀小试：完成句子：Wehavegot_________________________________________.我们有足够的时间来选礼物。Youwillhaveto____________________________________你将不得不起得足够早去赶那班列车。6.Withsomanystarsintheuniverse,arewealone,oristherelifeoutthereinspace?“__________________________________________________________________________”1)withsomanystarsintheuniverse的结构为“with+n.+介词短语”意为“在某处有着……”，整个结构在句中充当伴随状语，可放在句首也可放在句末。如：withacakeinhishand（他的）手里拿着一个蛋糕牛刀小试：MrLienteredtheclassroom_________________________________.李老师胳膊下夹着一本书走进了教师。Ithrewthebox____________________________.我扔掉了那个盒子，里面还有一些报纸。2)辨析alone/lonely词语词性词义_______形容词、副词独自；单独_______形容词孤独的；荒凉的牛刀小试：选词填空：alone/lonelyIt’sgettinglate.Don’tgoout__________.Letmegowithyou.Thelittlegirlcomesfroma__________villageandthecityistoostrangetoher.Ilive_______butIdon’tfeel________,becauseeverydayIhavemanythingstodo.7.Whyhasnoonecommunicatedwithus?“_________________________________________”1)noone“________”，不定代词，视为第三人称单数（还记得noone与none的区别吗？）2)communicate动词，“_____________”，___________________“与某人交流”牛刀小试：翻译句子____________________________________________________________________每个人都喜欢游泳，但没有人擅长它。____________________________________________________________________我不知道如何与他交流。（二）Writing通过分析本单元阅读文章结构及重点词句探讨关于描述火星探索的写作1.LookatthepictureinActivity5andanswerthequestions.2.Writeapassagetodescribethepicture.UseyouranswerstothequestionsinActivity5tohelpyou.四、当堂检测单项选择1.Who’satthedoor?___________,exceptalittledog.A.noneB.nooneC.someoneD.nothing2.Janecanalwaysfindsomethingtodoandshealwaysenjoysherlife.Sheneverfeels________.A.pleased

B.enjoyable

C.alone

D.lonely3.________yourparents________fromDalianyet/Yes,they________yesterday.A.Did;return;returnedB.Did;returned;havereturnedC.Have;returned;returnedD.Havereturned;havereturned

4.There___________alotoffood.Weneedn’tbuyany.A.hasbeenB.havebeenC.hashadD.havehad5.Howlonghaveyouwaitedatthegate?_______