2026年秋季八年级英语外研版第二单元单元检测卷（含答案）

-2026年秋季八年级英语外研版第二单元单元检测卷（含答案）班级：__________姓名：__________得分：__________一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。()1.Mysisterisinterestedin________storiesaboutspacetravel.A.readB.readsC.readingD.toread()2.—Didyougotothesciencemuseumyesterday?—No,Ididn't.Istayedathomeanddidmy________.A.homeworksB.homeworkC.ahomeworkD.somehomework()3.Theboywantstobeanastronautwhenhe________.A.growupB.growsupC.grewupD.growingup()4.Weshouldtryourbesttoprotectthe________becauseitisouronlyhome.A.earthB.moonC.sunD.star()5.Therearemany________intheskyatnightiftheweatherisfine.A.starsB.planetsC.satellitesD.comets()6.—HowlonghaveyoulearnedEnglish?—Forfiveyears.IstartedlearningitwhenIwasten.A.oftenB.farC.longD.soon()7.Itisimportantforus________enoughwatereveryday.A.drinkB.drinkingC.todrinkD.drank()8.Theteachertoldusthatlight________fasterthansound.A.travelB.travelsC.traveledD.traveling()9.—Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie"TheWanderingEarth"?—It'swonderful.Ihaveneverseena________onebefore.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well()10.YoucanfindinformationaboutMarsontheInternetorinthe________.A.libraryB.kitchenC.bedroomD.bathroom()11.Manypeoplebelievethathumanswillliveonother________inthefuture.A.planetB.planetsC.planet'sD.planets'()12.—Whyareyousoexcited?—BecauseIwonthefirstprizeintheEnglish________competition.A.speakB.spokenC.speakingD.spoke()13.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreabouttheuniverse,youshouldreadthisbook.Itisvery________.A.helpfulB.harmfulC.carefulD.useful()14.—Shallwegototheobservatorytonight?—Goodidea!Let'schecktheweatherreportfirst.A.Yes,please.B.Thatsoundsgreat.C.No,thanks.D.Idon'tthinkso.()15.Theastronautsinthespacestationneedtoexerciseeverydaytokeeptheirbodies________.A.healthB.healthyC.unhealthyD.sickness二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Spaceisaveryinterestingplace.Manypeoplewanttogothere.Butspacetravelisnoteasy.Ittakesalotoftimeandmoney.However,scientistsareworkinghardtomakeiteasier.Inthepast,onlyafewmencouldgointospace.Now,moreandmorepeoplearegettingthechance.Chinahasmadegreatprogressinitsspaceprogram.Shenzhouspacecraftshavesentmanyastronautsintospace.Theydidmanyexperimentsthere.Theseexperimentshelpusunderstandtheuniversebetter.Oneday,maybeordinarypeoplelikeyouandmecanalsogotospace.WemightliveonthemoonorMars.Butbeforethat,wemustsolvemanyproblems.Forexample,howtogetfoodandwater?Howtoprotectourselvesfromradiation?Scientistsaretryingtofindanswers.Ifyoulovespace,youshouldstudyhardnow.Maybeoneday,youwillbecomeanastronaut.Youwilllookbackattheblueearthfromspaceandfeelproud.Spaceexplorationisnotjustforscientists;itisforallofus.()16.A.difficultB.easyC.cheapD.short()17.A.moneyB.timeC.energyD.food()18.A.wentB.goC.goingD.goes()19.A.bigB.smallC.fastD.slow()20.A.experimentsB.gamesC.sportsD.parties()21.A.understandB.forgetC.hideD.lose()22.A.liveB.dieC.sleepD.eat()23.A.problemB.answerC.questionD.solution()24.A.studyB.playC.workD.rest()25.A.proudB.sadC.angryD.worried三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(A)Doyouknowwhatablackholeis?Ablackholeisaplaceinspacewheregravitypullssomuchthatevenlightcannotgetout.Notmanypeopleknowaboutblackholes,buttheyareverycommonintheuniverse.Blackholesformwhenastardies.Whenalargestarrunsoutoffuel,itcollapsesunderitsowngravity.Thiscreatesablackhole.Nothingcanescapefromablackholeonceitgetstooclose.Scientistsusespecialtelescopestostudyblackholes.Theycannotseethemdirectlybecausenolightcomesout.Buttheycanseehowblackholesaffectthestarsaroundthem.In2019,scientiststookthefirstpictureofablackhole.Itwasabigmomentforscience.Blackholesaredangerous,buttheyarealsoimportant.Theyhelpscientistslearnaboutthehistoryoftheuniverse.Withoutblackholes,theuniversemightbeverydifferent.()26.Whatcannotgetoutofablackhole?A.SoundB.LightC.AirD.Water()27.Howdoblackholesform?A.Whentwostarscollide.B.Whenastardiesandcollapses.C.Whenanewstarisborn.D.Whenaplanetexplodes.()28.Howdoscientistsstudyblackholes?A.Bysendingspaceshipsintothem.B.Byusingspecialtelescopes.C.Byaskingastronauts.D.Bylookingatpicturesontheinternet.()29.Whendidscientiststakethefirstpictureofablackhole?A.In2010.B.In2015.C.In2019.D.In2020.()30.Whyareblackholesimportant?A.Theyarebeautiful.B.Theyhelpscientistslearnabouttheuniverse.C.Theyprovideenergyfortheearth.D.Theyaresafeplacesforliving.(B)LiHuaisamiddleschoolstudent.Helovessciencefictionbooks.Lastsummer,hevisitedtheNationalSpaceMuseumwithhisparents.Hesawmanymodelsofrocketsandsatellites.Hewasveryexcited.Atthemuseum,LiHuawatchedavideoabouttheChinesespacestation.Helearnedthatthreeastronautslivethereforsixmonths.Theydoexperimentsinzerogravity.LiHuathoughtitwasamazing.Hedecidedtobecomeanengineertobuildbetterspaceships.Afterthevisit,LiHuawroteadiaryentry.Hesaid,"Iwanttoexplorespaceoneday.Iwillstudyphysicsandmathhard."Hisparentswerehappytohearhisdream.Theyboughthimanewtelescope.Now,LiHualooksatthestarseverynight.()31.WhatdoesLiHualove?A.Sciencefictionbooks.B.Historybooks.C.Mathbooks.D.Artbooks.()32.WheredidLiHuagolastsummer?A.Tothelibrary.B.Tothepark.C.TotheNationalSpaceMuseum.D.Totheschool.()33.Howlongdotheastronautsliveonthespacestation?A.Forthreemonths.B.Forsixmonths.C.Foroneyear.D.Fortwoyears.()34.WhatdidLiHuadecidetobecome?A.Adoctor.B.Anengineer.C.Ateacher.D.Awriter.()35.WhatdidLiHua'sparentsbuyforhim?A.Acomputer.B.Atelescope.C.Acamera.D.Abook.(C)ThemoonistheEarth'snaturalsatellite.Itisthefifthlargestmooninthesolarsystem.Themoondoesnotproduceitsownlight.Itshinesbecauseitreflectsthelightfromthesun.Peoplehavealwaysbeeninterestedinthemoon.Ancientpeoplethoughtthemoonwasagod.Today,weknowitisarock.Humanslandedonthemoonforthefirsttimein1969.AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongwasthefirstpersontowalkonthemoon.Hesaid,"That'sonesmallstepforman,onegiantleapformankind."Sincethen,manycountrieshavesentrobotstothemoon.Theytakephotosandcollectsoilsamples.Somepeoplewanttobuildbasesonthemoon.TheyhopetousethemoonasasteppingstonetoMars.However,themoonhasnoairorwater.Itisverycoldatnightandveryhotduringtheday.Lifeonthemoonisverydifficultwithoutspecialequipment.()36.Whatisthemoon?A.Astar.B.Aplanet.C.Asatellite.D.Acomet.()37.Wheredoesthemoongetitslight?A.Fromitself.B.FromtheEarth.C.Fromthesun.D.Fromotherstars.()38.Whowasthefirstpersontowalkonthemoon?A.BuzzAldrin.B.NeilArmstrong.C.YuriGagarin.D.YangLiwei.()39.Whendidhumansfirstlandonthemoon?A.In1959.B.In1969.C.In1979.D.In1989.()40.Whyislifeonthemoondifficult?A.Becausethereisnoairorwater.B.BecauseitistoofarfromtheEarth.C.Becausetherearetoomanyrocks.D.Becauseitistoobright.四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据句意及首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。41.Theearthisround.Itisap________.42.Wecanseemanys________intheskyatnight.43.Thescientistisdoingane________inthelab.44.Mybrotherwantstobeana________whenhegrowsup.45.Themoonr________thelightfromthesun.46.Itisimportanttokeepourenvironmentc________(清洁的).47.Therocketf________(飞)intotheskyquickly.48.Weshouldl________(学习)hardtoexploretheuniverse.49.Thespaceshipismovingataveryhighs________(速度).50.Doyouknowthed________(距离)betweentheearthandthemoon?五、句型转换（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。51.Shegoestothelibraryonceaweek.(对划线部分提问)________________doesshegotothelibrary?52.Ihaveknownhimfortenyears.(改为一般疑问句)________youknownhimfortenyears?53.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.(改为被动语态)Thesun________________bytheearth.(注意：此题考察概念理解，若按语法严格被动语态不通顺，请改为：Thesunisorbitedbytheearth.)->修正题目逻辑以符合初中语法：Theearthisorbitedbythesun.(改为主动语态)Thesun________________bytheearth.(此处题目设计有误，重新设计)修正后题目53：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.(改为同义句)Thesun________________bytheearth.(错误，太阳不被地球绕)再次修正题目53：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.(改为否定句)Theearth________________aroundthesun.54.Hefinishedhishomeworkhalfanhourago.(改为现在完成时)He________________hishomeworkforhalfanhour.(注意：finish是瞬间动词，不能与for连用，改为延续性动词)修正后题目54：Hehasdonehishomeworkforhalfanhour.(改为一般过去时)He________hishomeworkhalfanhour________.55.Howfarisitfromheretothestation?(改为同义句)Whatisthe________________fromheretothestation?六、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。HowtoKeepHealthyinSpace?LivinginspaceisdifferentfromlivingonEarth.Astronautsfacemanychallenges.Herearesomewaystostayhealthy.First,exerciseisveryimportant.Inspace,musclesgetweakerbecausethereisnogravity.Astronautsmustexercisefortwohourseveryday.Theyrunonaspecialtreadmillorrideabike.Second,dietmatters.Foodinspaceisdriedorcanned.Astronautsneedtoeatfruitsandvegetablestogetvitamins.Drinkingenoughwaterisalsokey.Third,sleepisnecessary.Astronautssleepinsleepingbagstiedtothewall.Theyneedeighthoursofsleeptostayfocused.Finally,mentalhealthisimportant.Beingfarfromfamilycanbelonely.Astronautstalktotheirfamiliesonthephonetofeelbetter.56.Whymustastronautsexerciseinspace?______________________________57.Howlongdoastronautsexerciseeveryday?______________________________58.Whatkindoffooddoastronautseat?______________________________59.Howmanyhoursofsleepdoastronautsneed?______________________________60.Howdoastronautsdealwithloneliness?______________________________七、书面表达（满分20分）假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom对中国航天很感兴趣。请你给