大学英语六级模拟试卷44

大学英语六级模拟试卷44

一、作文（本题共/题，每题上0分，共1分。）

1、Forthispart,youarcallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicAn

ExchangeofCustomsandEtiquettes.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyour

compositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:I.大量外宾将随2008奥运会涌入

中国；巨大的文化差异使礼节成为重要问题2.我们应该主动地去了解一些其他的

礼节、习俗等3.同时还应向外宾展示中华传统礼节AnExchangeofCustomsand

Etiquettes

标准答案：AnExchangeofCustomsandEtiquettesThe2008OlympicGameswill

bringtoChinalargenumbersofforeignfriendsinthesportsindustry,togetherwithmany

foreigntourists.Asthehostsofthisbigevent,firstofall,

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题1.0分，共70

分。）

TrustMe,I'maRobotWithrobotsnowemergingfromtheirindustrialcagesandmoving

intohomesandworkplaces,roboticistsarcconcernedaboutthesafetyimplications

beyondthefactoryfloor.Toaddresstheseconcerns,leadingrobotexpertshavecome

togethertotrytofindwaystopreventrobotsfromharmingpeople.Inspiredbythe

PugwashConferences—aninternationalgroupof.scientists,academicsandactivists

foundedin1957tocampaignforthenon-proliferationofnuclearweapons—（henew

groupofrobo-ethicistsmetearlierthisyearinGenoa,Italy,andannounced（heirinitial

findingsinMarchattheEuropeanRoboticsSymposiuminPalermo,Sicily."Securityand

safetyarethebigconcerns,"saysHenrikChristensen,chairmanoftheEuropeanRobotics

NetworkattheSwedishRoyalInstituteofTechnologyinStockholm.Shouldrobotsthat

arestrongenoughorheavyenoughtocrushpeoplebeallowedintohomes?Is"system

malfunction“ajustifiabledefenceforaroboticfighterplanethatcontravenes（违反）the

GenevaConventionandmistakenlyfiresoninnocentcivilians?Thesequestionsmay

seemhardtounderstandbutin（henextfewyears（heywillbecomeincreasinglyrelevant,

saysDr.Christensen.AccordingtotheUnitedNationsEconomicCommissionfor

Europe'sWorldRobotics'Survey,in2002thenumberofdomesticandservicerobots

morethantripled,nearlysurpassingtheirindustrialcounterparts.Bytheendof2003

thereweremorethan600,000robotvacuumcleanersandlawnmowers—afigure

predictedtorisetomorethan4mbytheendofnextyear.Japaneseindustrialfirmsare

racingtobuildhumanoidrobotstoactasdomestichelpersfortheelderly,andSouth

Koreahassetagoalthat100%ofhouseholdsshouldhavedomesticrobotsby2020.In

lightofallthis,itiscrucialthatwcstarttothinkaboutsafetyguidelinesnow,saysDr.

Christensen.Slopright(hereSowhatexactlyisbeingdone(oprotectusfromthese

mechanicalmenaces?"Notenough,"saysBlayWhitby.Thisishardlysurprisinggiven

thatthefieldof"safety-criticalcomputing"isbarelyadecadeold,hesays.Butthingsare

changing,andresearchersarcincreasinglytakinganinterestintryingtomakerobots

safer.Oneapproach,whichsoundssimpleenough,istrytoprogramthemtoavoid

contactwithpeoplealtogether.Butthisismuchharderthanitsounds.Gettingarobotto

navigateacrossaclutteredroomisdifficultenoughwithouthavingtotakeintoaccount

whatitsvariouslimbsorappendagesmightbumpintoalongtheway.Regulatingthe

behaviourofrobotsisgoingtobecomemoredifficultinthefuture,sincetheywill

increasinglyhaveself-learningmechanismsbuiltintothem,saysGiamnarcoVeruggio.

Asaresult,theirbehaviourwillbecomeimpossibletopredictfully,hesays,sincethey

willnotbebehavinginpredefinedwaysbutwilllearnnewbehaviourastheygo.Then

thereisthequestionofunpredictablefailures.Whathappensifarobot'smotorsstop

working,oritsuffersasystemfailurejustasitisperformingheartsurgeryorhanding

youacupofhotcoffee?Youcan,ofcourse,buildinredundancybyaddingbackup

systems,saysHirochikaInoue.Butthisguaranteesnothing,hesays."Onehundredper

centsafetyisimpossiblethroughtechnology,"saysDr.Inoue.Thisisbecauseultimately

nomatterhowthoroughyouarc,youcannotanticipatetheunpredictablenatureofhuman

behaviour,hesays.Ortoputitanotherway,nomatterhowsophisticatedyourrobotisat

avoidingpeople,peoplemightnotalwaysmanagetoavoidit,andcouldenduptripping

overitandfallingdown(hestairs.LegalproblemsInanycase,saysDr.Inoue,thelaws

reallyjustsummarizecommonsenseprinciplesthatarealreadyappliedtothedesignof

mostmodernappliances,bothdomesticandinduslrial.Everytoaster,lawnmowerand

mobilephoneisdesigned(ominimizetheriskofcausinginjury—yetpeoplestillmanage

toelectrocute(电死)themselves,losefingersorfalloutofwindowsinanefforttogeta

bettersignal.Attheverylease,robotsmustmeettherigoroussafetystandardsthatcover

existingproducts.Thequestioniswhethernew,robot-specificrulesareneeded-and,if

so,whattheyshouldsay."Makingsurerobotsaresafewillbecritical,"saysColinAngle

ofiRobot,whichhassoldover2m"Roomba"household-vacuumingrobots.Buthe

argues(hathisfirm'srobotsare,infact,muchsaferthansomepopulartoys."Aradio­

controlledcarcontrolledbyasix-yearoldisfarmoredangerous(hanaRoombaJhe

says.IfyoutreadonaRoomba,itwillnotcauseyouloslipover;instead,arubberpadon

itsbasegripsthefloorandpreventsilfrommoving."Existingregulationswilladdress

muchofthechallenge?saysMr.Angle."I'mnotyetconvincedthatrobotsare

sufficientlydifferentthattheydeservespecialtreatment."Robotsafetyislikelytosurface

inthecivilcourtsasamatterofproductliability."Whenthefirstrobotcarpet-sweeper

sucksupababy,whowillbetoblame?"asksJohnHallam,aprofessorattheUniversity

ofSouthernDenmarkinOdense.Ifarobotisautonomousandcapableoflearning,canits

designerheheldresponsibleforallitsactions?Todaytheanswertothesequestionsis

generally"yes".Butasrobotsgrowincomplexityitwillbecomealotlessclearcut,he

says."Rightnow,noinsurancecompanyispreparedtoinsurerobots,"saysDr.Inoue.

Butthatwillhavetochange,hesays.Lastmonth,Japan'sMinistryofTradeandIndustry

announcedasetofsafetyguidelinesforhomeandofficerobots.Theywillberequiredto

havesensorstohelpthemavoidcollisionswilhhumans;tobemadefromsoftandlight

materials(ominimizeharmifacollisiondoesoccur;and(ohaveanemergencyshut-off

button.Thiswaslargelypromptedbyabigrobotexhibitionheldlastsummer,which

made(heauthoritiesrealizethat(herearesafetyimplicationswhenthousandsofpeople

arenotjustlookingatrobots,butminglingwiththem,saysDr.Inoue.However,theidea

thatgeneral-purposerobots,capableoflearning,willbecomewidespreadiswrong,

suggestsMr.Angle.Itismorelikely,hebelieves,thatrobotswillberelativelydumb

machinesdesignedforparticulartasks.Ratherthanahumanoidrobotmaid,"it'sgoingto

beaheterogeneous(不同种类的)swarmofrobotsthatwilltakecareofthehouse,"he

says.

2、Thispassageismainlyaboutthedevelopmentandsafetyofrobots.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：首段及各段主题句。此题显然是主旨大意题。文章开宗明义：……机

器人专家们对使用机器人带来的safetyimplications的关注就不能仅限于工厂范围

(o通篇文章围绕着safety问题展开，对于机器人的development作者没有主要讨

论。所以题目超出了文章的主题，答案是N。

3^Robotsforindustrialapplicationsappearedearlierthanthosefordomesticuses.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析:文章首句：Withrobotsnowemergingfromtheirindustrialcagesand

movingintohomesandworkplaces>roboticistsareconcernedaboutthesafety

implicationsbeyondthefactoryfloor.原文with短语中的emergingfrom...表明机器

人以前出现在工厂，而movinginlo表明进入了家庭，所以机器人在工厂和家庭中

的出现是有先后顺序的。题目与原文中with短语意义相符，所以答案为Y。

4^In2002thenumberofindustrialrobotswasthreetimesoverthatofdomesticand

servicerobots.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章开头第3段第2句：According(otheUnitedNationsEconomic

CommissionfbrEurope'sWorldRoboticsSurvey,in2002thenumberofdomesticand

servicerobotsmorethantripled,nearlysurpassingtheirindustrialcounterparts.原文中

提到的more(hantripled是家用和服恭用的机器人相比以前的数量，而nearly

surpassing表明现在的数量与工业用机器人的数量相差不多，题目所说的three

times与此不符,所以答案为N。

5、TheSouthKoreangovernmentisinvestingbillionsofdollarseachyearondomestic

robotsaimedatalteringeverydaylife.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章开头第3段倒数第2句末…SouthKoreahassetagoalthat100%of

householdsshouldhavedomesticrobotsby2020.文章只有该句提及SouthKorea,原

文只是指出了韩国所设定的目标，并没有提到政府是否每年投资数十亿，因此本题

答案为NG。

6、Researchersaregettingmoreandmoreinterestedinmaking.

标准答案；robotssafer

知识点解析：第I个小标题Stoprightthere部分的第1段第4句：Butthingsare

changing,andresearchersareincreasinglytakinganinterestintryingtomakerobots

safer.空白处需要名词成分作making的宾语。题目用moreandmore同义表达了原

文的increasingly,题目中的arcinterestedin与原文中的aretakinganinterestin都说

明了研究人员的兴趣所在。准确定位原文，不难得出答案为原文make之后的成

分。

7、Withself-learningmechanismsbuiltin,thefuturerobotswillbehave.

标准答案：unpredictably/inunpredictableways

知识点解析：第1个小标题Stoprightthere部分的第2段：Regulatingthebehaviour

ofrobotsisgoingtobecomemoredifficultinthefuture>sincetheywillincreasingly

haveself-learningmechanismsbuiltintothem,saysGianmarcoVcruggio,Asa

result,theirbehaviourwillbecomeimpossibletopredictfully…空白处需要副词或者是

副词性短语，用以修饰动词behave。题目用with短语概括了原文该段第I句中的

have...built结构,因此答案应该在原文第2句的Asaresult后查找。由于题目受语

法的限制，答案需要把原文的impossibletopredict改成意思一致的副词

unprcdictably或者副词性短语inunpredictableways。

8、Commonsenseprinciplesarcappliedtothedesignoftoasters,lawnmowersand

mobilephonesto.

标准答案：minimizetheriskofcausinginjury

知识点解析：第2个小标题Legalproblems部分的第I段第1、2句：Inanycase,

saysDr.Inoue,thelawsreallyjustsummarizecommonsenseprinciplesthatarealready

appliedtothedesignofmostmodemappliances,bothdomesticandindustrial.Every

toaster,lawnmowerandmobilephoneisdesignedtominimize(heriskofcausing

injury...空白处需要动词或动词词组，表明这些机器运用commonsenseprinciples的

目的。题H空白处之前部分正好对应原文该段第1句中的定语从语commonsense

principlesthat…原文该段第2句进一步解释说明将常识性的原理应用到家电和工业

电器中的目的。原文中的designed提示了答案的所在。

9、ColinAngleconsidersrobotsarenotsodifferentasto.

标准答案：deservespecialtreatment/betreatedspecially

知识点解析：第2个小标题Legalproblems部分的第2段最后两句："Existing

regulationswilladdressmuchofthechallenge,“saysMrAngle.'Tn】notyetconvinced

thatrobotsaresufficientlydifferentthattheydeservespecialtreatment”根据so...asto...

结构推测，空白处应该是动词或动词词组。再根据题目中大写的ColinAngle定位

答案所在的段落，可发现原文的different后面是从句结构，因此题目只需相应填上

从句中的谓宾部分，或者也可以把原文deservespecialtreatment改写成betreated

speciallyo

10、AccordingtoJohnHallam,whoshouldberesponsiblefortheharmdonebyrobots

inthefuturewillnotbesoasitisnow.

标准答案：clearcut

知识点解析：第2个小标题Legalproblems部分第3段最后三句：Ifarobotis

autonomousandcapableoflearning,canitsdesignerbeheldresponsibleforallits

actions?Todaytheanswertothesequestionsisgenerally"yes".Butasrobotsgrowin

complexityitwillbecomealotlessclearcut,hesays.空白处需要形容词成分作be

的表语。原文最后一句的it指的是倒数第2句的theanswertothesequestions,而题

目中的主语从句正是问题之一。题目的notso…as结构替代了原文的比较级

less...,所以只需把原文中的比较级改成原级，就可得出答案。

11、Mr.Anglesaysaheterogeneousswarmofrobotswilltakecareofthehouseinstead

of.

标准答案:ahumanoidrobotmaid

知识点解析：全文最后一段最后一句：Ratherthanahumanoidrobotmaid,"it's

goingtobeaheterogeneousswarmofrobotsthatwilltakecareofthehouse,"he

says.空白处需要名词或名词词组工作insteadof复合介词的宾语。原文中的rather

than与题目中的insteadof一样表示否定,因此答案为ratherthan之后的ahumanoid

robotmaido

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、Themanwastheonlysurvivorofanaircrash.

B、Peopleonhoardwerefrightenedandtriedtoescape.

C、Themanhasalwaysbeenveryluckyinaccidents.

D^Afewpassengerscamebackhomesafeandsound.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：W:Thankheavens!You'rebacksafeandsound.Everyonewasworried

onheatingabouttheaircrash.And1hadsomanysleeplessnights!M:Yes>Iknowyour

feeling,dear!EvenImyselfdon'tknowhowIescapedit.Iwastheonlyluckyguy.Q:

Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

13、

A^Inanoffice.

B、Inarestaurant.

C、Inadepartmentstore.

D、Inafactory.

标准答案：D

知识点解析:M:Wcll»Ijustwonderwhoputsthecandiesintotheboxes?W:Itisdone

byamachine,whichisabletocountthecandiesautomatically.Please,thisway.I'll

showyourightaway.Q:Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?

14、

A^Thewomanthinksthemaidwasbeautiful.

B、Thewomanthinksthesalesmanexaggeratedhispart.

C、Thewomanthinksthesalesmanwasrealistic.

D、Thewomanthinksthesalesmanwasnotdramaticenough.

标准答案：B、

知识点解析：M:So»Mary,howdidyouHkethefilm?W:Well>generally

speaking,itwasverygood.Thepartofthemaidwasplayedbeautifully,butIthought

(hemanwhoplayedthesalesmanwastoodramatic(oberealistic.Q:Howdoesthe

womanfeelaboutthemovie?

15、

A^Theyarequitedifferentinpaintingskills.

B、Neitherofthemisgoodathouse-painting.

C、Theyareequallygoodathouse-painting.

D、Bothofthemwillpaintthehouse(hedayaftertomorrow.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：W:Ican'tmakeupmymindwhethertoaskLarryorBilltopaintthe

house.M:Whatdifferencedoesitmake?Theyarebothexcellentpainters.AndIthink

wejustneedtocheckwhoisavailableonthedayaftertomorrow.Q:Whatcanbe

inferredaboutLarryandBill?

16、

A、Hefounditunbelievable.

B、Hewasnotsurprisedaboutit.

C、Hefoundthetrothunacceptable.

D^Hewasarrogantaboutit.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：W:Congratulations!You'retobeappointedasSalesManager!M:

Incredible.It'stoogoodtobetrue.Youmustbekidding.Pveonlybeenworkingfbr

twomonthsinthisdepartment,andthisistotallyahugesurprise!Q:Howdoestheman

reacttothenews?

17、

A^LendMarshasomereferencematerials.

B、AskMarshawherethebookshelfis.

C、CheckthroughthebooksonMarsha'sshelf.

D、AskMarshaifshehasanextrabookshelf.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：M:Doyouknowanyonewhohasaextrasparebookshelf?Ijustdon't

knowwheretoputmynewlyborrowedreferencematerials.W:Haveyoucheckeditwith

Marsha?Q:Whaldoesthewomansuggestthemando?

18、

AsMotherandson.

B、Lawyerandclient.

C、Teacherandstudent.

D、Dentistandpatient.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：W:Openitwide.Nowshowmewhereithurts.M:Hereonthebottom.

EspeciallywhenIbitesomethingcoldorhot.Icouldn'tenjoyice-creamandhotsoup

anymore.Itisarealtorture.Q:Whatis（hemostprobablerelationshipbetween（hetwo

speakers?

19、

A、ProfessorSmithdoesn'tholdseminarsordiscussionsinhislectures.

B、StudentssometimesfallasleepinProfessorSmith'slectures.

C、ProfessorSmitlVslecturesarealwayswellattended.

D、ThefrontscatsarcveryhardtogetinEnglishlectures.

标准答案：C'

知识点解析：M:ProfessorSmithcertainlyhasagoodrepuUtionintheDepartmentof

English.W:Awell-deservedone.Thesamestudentswhofallasleepindiscussionsand

seminarsfightforfront-rowseatsinhislectures.Q:Whatcanwelearnfromthe

conversation?

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A^Itisgettingthingsdonethroughotherpeople.

B、Itishelpinganorganizationfindtherightstaff.

C、Itisassemblingpeopleofdifferentabilities.

D、Itiscommunicatingbetweencolleagues.

标准答案：A''

知识点解析：Whatis"management"accordingtotheman?

21、

A^Theyshouldbeavoidedbyallmeans.

B、Theyarebadforeffectivemanagement.

C、Theycanbegoodforanorganization.

D、Theyarcsurprisinglycomplicated.

标准答案：C

知识点解析:Whatdoesthemallthinkofconflicts?

22、

A^Delegationisatickettoforeigntrade.

B、Managersshouldn'tmerelybea"doer".

C^Leadershipisabornability.

D、Delegationisthemostimportantthinginmanagement.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:Whichstatementdocsthemansupport?

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A、Therearenotenoughefficientmanagers.

B、Itlacksinguidelinesfornewemployees.

C、Theconferencescheduleshouldchangeimmediately.

D、1（isshortofrepresentativesfbrconferences.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whatproblemhasthecompanyruninto?

24、

A^Becausesheisontheexecutivestaff.

B、Becausesheisfamiliarwiththecompany.

C、Becauseshehasknowledgeofmanagement.

D、Becauseshehasanoutstandingachievement.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Whydoesthemanturntothewomanforhelp?

25、

A^Printmaterialsforvisitors.

B、Studyreferentialreports.

C、AskSallytomakearrangements.

D^Applyto（hechiefexecutive.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Howshouldihewomanbeprepared?

26、

A、Confident.

B、Shocked.

C、Nervous.

D、Reluctant.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheassignmentintheend?

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题，.0

分,共6分。）

27、

A、AstheresultofthemoistureintheEarth'satmosphere.

B、AstheresultoftheEarth'srotation.

C、Asthehorizontalmovementofair.

D、Astheverticalmovementofair.

标准答案：C

知识点解析；Accordingtothespeaker,how'stheterm"wind"defined?

28、

A、It'stheultimatecauseofwinds.

B、Itcausesverticalmovementsofair.

C、Itreducesdifferencesinairpressure.

D、It'susedtopredictweatherpatterns.

标准答案：A

知识点解析:Whydoesthespeakermentionsolarradiation?

29、

A、Howwindsaffecttemperature.

B、Reasonsforsuddenincreasesinwind.

C、Theoriginofstormsystems.

D、Howverticalairmovementinfluencesweather.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whatwillthespeakerprobablydiscussinthenextclass?

30、

A^Theimpactofcommercialwhaling.

B、WhyJapanandNorwaycontinuetohuntwhales.

C、TheinactionoftheIWC.

D^Theimmoralityofcommercialwhaling.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

31、

A^Itisdefinitelygettingsmaller.

B、Itisnearlyextinct.

C、Themoretheyarekilled,thequickertheyreproduce.

D、Itisreboundingslightlysincethebanoncommercialwhaling.

标准答案：A

知识点解析；What'sthecurrentsituationofwhalepopulations?

32、

A^Whalingisbad.

B、Commercialwhalingisimmoral.

C、Whalingshouldbelimitedonlyforfood.

D、TheIWCshouldbereplaced.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Whatistheauthor'soverallviewpointattheendofthespeech?

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分,共4分。）

33、

A、Itchangedthesourceofmusic.

B、ItchangedthesourceofTVprograms.

C、ItchangedthewaytoappreciatebothmusicandTVprograms.

D^Itchangedpeople'sopinionontraditionalbroadcasttelevision.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Accordingtothespeaker,whatitthemainchangebroughtbyiPod?

34、

A、OniPodyoucanwatchallTVprogramsofABC.

B、TwoABChitsareavailableoniPod.

C、TheiPodwilljoindigitalvideorecordersandDVDs.

D、TheiPodbegantoproduceitsownprograms.

标准答案：B

知以点解析：WhydopeoplegetconcernedwiththeimpactofiPodontelevision?

35、

A、Tosomeextentitsaudiencewilldecrease.

B、TheprogramsoniPodaremoreattractivethanthoseofABC.

C、TheaudiencewillchoosetraditionalbroadcasttelevisiononiPod.

D、Theaudiencewillgetboredwiththewide-screentelevision.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：WhatistheriskforABCaccordingtothespeaker?

36、

A^ThemoviefanswhoareinterestedinABChits.

B、TheiPoduserswhoarebigmoviefansatthesametime.

C、Thosewhocan'tfollowtheregularscheduleoftheABChits.

D^LeonLong,chairmanofADCandhisstaff.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：WhowillbemostinterestedintheprogramsoniPod?

八、听力复合式听写(本题共〃题，每题1.0分，共

〃分。)

Thetraditionalbeliefthatawoman'splaceisinthehomeandthatawomanoughtnotto

goouttoworkcanhardlybereasonably(36)inpresentconditions.Itissaidthat

it.isawoman'stasktocare,forthechildren,butfamiliestoday(37)tobeSmall.

Thusawoman'swholeperiodof(38)mayoccurwithinfiveyears.Furthermore,

with(39)educationfromtheageoffiveorsixherroleaschiefeducatorofher

childrensoon(40).Itmightbearguedthat(hehouse-proudwomanwouldstill

findplentytodoaboutthehome.Thatmaybeso,butitisCertainlynolongernecessary

fbrawomanto(41)herwholelifecooking,cleaning,mendingandsewing.Apart

fromwomensownhappiness,the(42)ofthecommunitymustbeconsidered.

Modernsocietycannotdowellwithoutthe(43)thatwomencanmakein

professionsandotherkindsofwork.(44).Itisextremelywastefultogive

yearsoftrainingatpublicexpense(45).Thetraining,itistrue,willhelp

herindutiesasamother,hutifshecontinuedtowork,herservicewouldbemorewidely

useful.Manyfactoriesandshopstoo,arelargelystaffedbywomen,manyofthem

married.(46).

37、Thetraditionalbeliefthatawoman'splaceisinthehoireandthatawomanought

nottogoouttoworkcanhardlybereasonably(36)inpresentconditions.Itis

saidthatit.isawoman'stasktocare,fbrthechildren,butfamiliestoday(37)to

beSmall.Thusawoman'swholeperiodof(38)mayoccurwithinfiveyears.

Furthermore,with(39)educationfromtheageoffiveorsixherroleaschief

educatorofherchildrensoon(40).Itmightbearguedthatthehouse-proud

womanwouldstillfindplentytodoaboutthehome.Thatmaybeso,butitisCertainly

nolongernecessaryfbrawomanto(41)herwholelifecooking,cleaning,

mendingandsewing.Apartfromwomen'sownhappiness,the(42)ofthe

communitymustbeconsidered.Modemsocietycannotdowellwithoutthe(43)

thatwomencanmakeinprofessionsandotherkindsofwork.(44).Itis

extremelywasteful(ogiveyearsoftrainingatpublicexpense(45).The

training,itistrue,willhelpherindutiesasamother,butifshecontinuedtowork,her

servicewouldbemorewidelyuseful.Manyfactoriesandshopstoo,arelargelystaffedby

women,manyofthemmarried.(46).

标准答案：mainlained

知识点解析：哲无解析

38、

标准答案：tend

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、

标准答案:childbearing

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、

标准答案：compulsory

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、

标准答案：ceases

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、

标准答案：spend

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、

标准答案：needs

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、

标准答案:contribution

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、

标准答案：Thereisaseriousshortageofnursesandteachers>tomentiononlytwoof

(heoccupationsfollowedbywomen

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、

标准答案：onlytohavethequalifiedteacherornurseniarryafterayearortwoandbe

lostforevertoherprofession

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、

标准答案：Whileherethequestionoftrainingisnotsoimportant,industryandtrade

wouldheseriouslyshortofstaffifmarriedwomendidnotwork

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共7。题，每题

分，共70分。）

CambridgeUniversitycloseddowninthesummerof1665whentheplaguebrokeout.

Newton,astudentthere,wenthometoLincolnshire.Hestayedhomefortwoyearswhile

（hediseaseranitscourseintheareaaroundLondon.The23-year-oldNewtonspentthat

timestudyingandlayingthefoundationsforhisgreatestwork,thePrincipia.Onedayhe

satthinkinginhisgarden,whenanapplefell.Thenherealizedthatthedirectionthe

applefell,alongwitheveryotherobjectonthisroundearth,wasalwaystowardEarth's

center.Itwasn'tjustthattheapplefell,butthatittriedtogotoEarth'scenter.Thatwas

Newton'seurekamoment.HerealizedthatEarthhaddrawntheappletoit.Herealized

thateveryobjectintheuniversedrawseveryotherobject—probablyinproportiontoits

mass.Newtondidn'tpublishhisPrincipiauntil20yearslater.ButheformulatedtheLaw

ofUniversalGravitation（LUG）thereinhisLincolnshiregarden.Heshowedusthatwas

trueofplanetsandmoonsaswell.Nowentersasurprisingcharacter.Thepersonwho

popularizedtheapplestorywasnoneotherthanthewell-knownFrenchwriterand

philosopherVoltaire.Ductohisoutspokenviews,in1726hewasforciblyexiledto

Englandwherehespentthenextthreeyears.Newtondiedin1727soVoltairewould

havebeenfamiliarwiththetr.anydiscoveriesmadebyhim.Voltairewasalsoacquainted

withNewton'sniece,CatherineBarton.Newtonwasabachelorandshehadagreedto

managehisLondonhome;thereforeshewouldhavebeenfamiliarwiththeapplestory,

whichsherelatedtoVoltaire.VoltairesidedwithNewtoninNewton'sbitterfightswith

Leibnitz.InCandide,VoltaireridiculedLeibnitz.ThecharacterDr.Pangloss,whowent

aboutinsistingthatweliveinthe"bestofallpossibleworlds",wasVoltaire'sversionof

Leibnitz.WemightchalkVoltaire'sapplestoryupto"partisanlicense".Butifyou've

everdoneanythingcreative,you'llrecognizetheplausibilityoftheapplestory.You'll

rememberyourownmomentwhensomesmallandcommonplaceeventrevealedagreat

truthtoyou.That'sthewaycreativityworks.

48、WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutNewlon'sPrincipia?

A、NewtonwasmotivatedtowritethePrincipiaafterhesawtheapplefell.

B、TheLawofUniversalGravitationwasoriginallyincludedinthePrincipia.

C、NewtonbegantoformtheideaofthePrincipiawhenhewasacollegestudent.

D、TheLawofUniversalGravitationwasformulatedlongbeforethePrincipia.

标准答案：C、

知识点解析：从首段第2句至第4句可以知道，牛顿趁着瘟疫肆虐、学校放假的时

候，在家里学习。第2句中的astudentthere表明他当时还是剑桥大学的学生，第4

句中的layingthefoundations表明那段时间他待在家里的学习为Principia奠定了基

础，因此选项C是正确的说法。从首段第4句和第5句就可以知道，牛顿先想到

要写Principia,被苹果砸中是之后发生的事，因此选项A中两件事的先后顺序与

原文不一致；同样，万有引力定律是苹果给予牛顿的灵感，这也应该发生在他对

Principia有想法之后，因此选项D也不正确；原文首段倒数第2句同时提到了

Principia和万有引力定律，但并不能表明它们之间是有选项B所表示的关系。

49>WhenVoltairewasinEngland,.

A、hegottoknowCatherineBarton

B、hepopularizedtheapplestory

C、hebegantohearofNewton'sdiscoveries

D、hewentthroughNewtonsdeath

标准答案；D

知识点解析：根据原文第2段第3句中的1726和第4句中的1727两个年份所发生

的事，可以推断，牛顿去世的时候，伏尔泰正在英国，他经历了牛顿去世这件事，

因此选项D是正确的说法。第2段第5句提到伏尔泰认识凯瑟琳.巴顿，仅从这句

话不能知道他们相识于什么时候，因此选项A不正确：选项B与第2段第2句有

关，但从这一句只知道伏尔泰使苹果故事家喻户晓，但他在什么时候做成这件事，

却无从知晓；第2段第4句表明伏尔泰在英国期间有可能熟知牛顿的发现，但伏尔

泰是否从那个时候才开始听说牛顿的发现，原文并没有任何暗示，因此选项C的

说法也不正确。

50.Fromthethirdparagraph,wecaninferthatDr.Panglossis.

A、oneofLeibnitz'sfollowers

B、afictionalfigureinVoltaire'sbook

C、thepennameofLeibnitz

D、Voltaire'senemy

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从第3段第2句中的InCandide,末句中的character和version等

词，再结合伏尔泰本身的作家身份，可以推断D