大学英语六级模拟试卷252

大学英语六级模拟试卷252

一、作文（本题共/题，每题上0分，共1分。）

1、Directions:Nowadayspeoplearcbecomingincreasinglyawareoftheimportanceof

health.Andtheyhavedifferentwaystostayhealthy.Forexample,someexerciseevery

day;otherstrytokeepabalanceddiet.Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytostayhealthy?

Writeacompositiononthefollowingtopic:TheBestWaytoKeepHealthy.Youare

giventhefollowingoutlinesinChineseandarerequiredtowritenolessthan150words.

Remembertowriteclearly.1.解释题目，指出你对题目的理解；2.举例论证你的观

点；3.总结全文，得出结论。

标准答案:TheBestWaytoKeepHealthyWiththerapidimprovementofpeople's

Jivingstandardinrecentyears,mostpeoplenolongerworryaboutsuchproblemsas

food,clothingorshelteras（heydidin（heolddays.Instead,theybecomeincreasingly

concernedabouttheirhealthrelatedproblems.Differentpeoplecomeupwithdifferent

views:keepingabalanceddiet,doingregularexercisesorgoingtohospitalformedical

treatmentfrequently.AsfarasIamconcerned,thebestwaytostayhealthyistodevelop

agood（puililyofpsychology.Agoodcpialityofpsychologyplaysanessentialrolein

promotingone'shealth.Foronething,accordingtoasurveyconductedbyWHOlast

year,inrecent10years,manypatientsarenotphysicallysickbutmentallyiii,which

mainlyattributestotheincreasingstressesandstrainsintheirlifesothattheycan'tstep

outoftheshadowofdepressionandsadness.Theyneedtodevelopagoodqualityof

psychologyandthusacquiretherealhealth.Foranother,ifyouhavedevelopedagood

qualityofpsychology,you'【Ibecomemoresociableandoptimistic.Asanaturalresult,

youwillfeelmorewillinglytoplayyourpartinthesociety,havingapositiveattitude

towardslifejoiningvariouskindsofphysicalexerciseandkeepingaproperdiet,which

arequitebeneficialtoyourhealth.Allinall,Ibelievethebestwaytostayhealthyisto

keepagoodqualityofpsychology.Bothphysicalexerciseandproperdietareimportant

tohealth;however,agoodqualityofmindisindispensableifwearetoenjoysustainable

health.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题分，共70

分。）

TwinsThesamefactorsthatgiverisetouncannyphysicalsimilaritiesbetweentwins—

similaritiesaremirroredingeneticsimilaritiesthatcanhavemorenegativeimpact.

AustralianresearcherDavidHayhasfoundthatonetypeofidenticaltwinseemstobe

plaguedwithdevelopmentaldifficulties,especiallyinlanguageacquisition,andthatboth

parentsandteachersaddtothesedifficultiesbyrespondingmorepositivelytotheolder

ofthetwo.Hayhasfound(ha(justasmanyidenticaltwinsare"mirrorimages"ofone

another-withthefacialstructure,dominanthandandevenfingerprintsofoneexactly

reversedintheother-theirbrainsalsoseemtoreflectthesamephenomenon.Questions

aboutIdenticalTwins"Itisalmostimpossibletofindidenticalpairs(oftwinswiththe

samebrainstructure),"saysHay,whopresentedsomeofhisfindingsontwinsatthe

InternationalSocietyforTwinStudyConferenceinAmsterdaminSeptember."Thereis

generallynorelationshipbetv/eenhowtheirbrainsfunction;thetwinsworkandthink

differently.""Thelefthalfof(hebraincontrolslanguageskillsinonetwinwhilein(he

otheritistherighthalf,"hecontinues."Soonetwinmayhavedifficultyinthereception

oflanguageandtheotherincommunication.""Westillhavepilesofquestionsabout

identicaltwins,"headds.Ha、headsoneoftheworld'slargeststudiesontwinsat

LaTrobeUniversityinMelbourne,andhasstudied587setsoftwinsandtheirsiblings

overthelast10years.Hehasfoundthatbothgeneticandsocialfactorscombinetoput

twinsatadisadvantage,butthatstepscanbetakentosettheyoungstersonthepathto

normaldevelopment.Thetwinswhoexperiencethebulkoftheproblemsarethesecond

oftwotypesofidenticaltwins,saysHay.Thefirsttype,comprisingone-thirdofall

identicaltwins,resultswhenthefertilizedeggsplitsthreetofourdaysafterconception.

Theseembryoshaveseparateplacentas.Thesecondgroupformswhentheeggdivides

fourtoeightdaysafterconception.Theysharethesameplacenta,andare"mirrorimage"

twinsinabout70percentofthecases.Thisgroupisatthehighestriskforarangeof

socialandlearningproblems,aswellasfbrcongenitalabnormalitiessuchasspinalbifida

andcleftpalate.Haypointsoatthattwinstraditionallyhavebeenknown(ohave

(iiHlcuhiesacquiringlanguagesills."They'reolderwhentheysaytheirfirstword,Iheir

sentencesareshorterandbabytalkpersistslongerthatitdoeswitholherchildren,'he

says."Theyarealsoknowntodevelopasecretlanguagetheyusetocommunicatewith

oneanother."Hayhasfoundthatthisexclusivelanguageisusuallytheresultofonetwin

omittinglettersandsyllablesasheorshehurriestogetamessageacrossbeforetheother

oneinterrupts."Inasensetheirlanguageisveryadaptivetotheirownenvironment,but

unfortunately,maladaptivetoothersituations,"hesays."Untilrecentlyitwasbelieved

languageproblemsgraduallydiminisheduntilaroundthetimeofstartingschoolforall

children.Butnowitappearsthattwinsinparticulardevelopashakyfoundationinthis

areathathastobecorrectedearly."ProblemswithTwinBoysHayhasalsofoundthat

"mirrorimage"identicaltwinhoysarcespeciallyatalossintryingtopickuplanguage

skillsinschool.Theyareatadoubledisadvantage,henotes,becauseboysarenormally

sloweratlanguageacquisitionthangirlsare.AccordingtoHay,asmanyas90percentof

(he"mirrorimage"boysatprimarylevelhadsomereadingproblemswhile23percent

wereseriouslylearning-disabled.Butenvironmentalfactorsconlribuleevenmoreheavily

totwins'troubles.Haybelieves.Identicaltwins,hisresearchshows,havecauseto

challengetheirparents'fairness.Parentstendtolavishmoretimeandattentiononthe

first-borntwin,whoisofteneasiertomanageandhealthierasababy.Aswell,thefirst­

borntwinisoftenbroughthomefromthehospitalbeforethesecondtwin,causing

parentsto"seethesecondchildmorenegatively,"saysHay.Thisdistinctioncontinues

intoprimaryschool,wherethefirst-borntwinisseenasmoredominant,independentand

better-coordinatedthanthesecond.ProblemswiththeSecond-bornTwins"Surprisingly,

teachersconfirmtheseobservationswithoutknowingthebirthorderofthetwins,"says

Hay."Whenaskedaboutthetwins'behavior,theyreportedalotofproblemswiththe

second-borntwins,sayingtheyseemedwithdrawnordepressed."Parentsshouldbe

awareofthewaytheycansteieotypetheirchildren."headds.Theparentsalsohavea

role,asdoesthetwins'ownrelationship,inexacerbatingtheirlanguagedifficulties.First,

saysHay,parentsoftwinstendtospendlesstimewiththeirchildrenindividually,sothey

havelessexposuretoadultlanguagethandootherchildren.Becausetwinsspendso

muchtimewitheachother,theyreinforceeachother'srelativelyundevelopedlanguage.

Finally,twinshavetocompetewitheachotherforadultattentioncreatingthesituationin

which(heyfinisheachother'ssentences,andinterrupteachother,furtheraddingto(heir

alreadypoorlanguagehabits.Fromhisfindings.Hayhasestablishedsomeflexible

guidelinesforparentsofiden:icaltwins.Onesuggestionisforparentstosendtheir(wins

topreschoolcentersonallematedayssothatcontactwithotherchildrenwillaccelerate

languagedevelopment.Theothertwinwillbenefitfromtheindividualattentionofthe

parentorcaretakerwhohasgenerallybeentoobusyattendingtothebasicneedsoftwo.

ManyAmericanandEuropeanmodelsfavorseparatingtwinsregardlessoftheparticular

case.Hayfirmlybelievesinanindividualisticapproachtothisquestion,however,in

whichthenatureoftheteacher,parentsandtwinscanallbetakenintoaccount."I'dsay

ouronlysetpolicyisthatthereisnosetpolicy."Hay'sworkiscomplementedinthe

UnitedStatesbyRonaldWilson'sLouisvilleTwinStudyattheUniversityofKentucky.

WilsonandotherLouisvilleresearchershavebeenfocusingonthesignificanceoftwin

temperamentinchild-rearinganddevelopmentandotherfactorsintwindevelopmentfor

(hepast27years.Twins'TemperamentTheLouisvilleresearchershaveexaminedalarge

numberoftwinsfrominfancytoearlychildhood,weighinggeneticagainstenvironmental

influencesontemperament.Theyhavehaddinicully;sofar.learningmuchaboutinborn

contributorstotemperament,atleastastheyshowupin(wins'firstninemonthsoflife.

Wilsonhasfoundthatduringthosemonths,thebabies'moodsandbehaviorwere

primarilyaffectedbyfeedingandsleepingcycles,colic,fatigueandothernormalaspects

ofinfancy.However,afterninemonths,individualtemperamentsbecamemoreobvious

asthebabies'schedulesbecameestablished.ThenWilsonbegannoticingdistinct

differencesbetweenbabieswhowereeasy-goingandthosewhoweretestierandmore

irritable.Interestingly,whiletemperamentsbecamerelativelyfixedinthetwins,the

researchersalsonoticedthatsomeidenticaltwinsunderwentsynchronizedpatternsof

changeintemperament.Attimestheysharedsimilarperiodsoffussinessoramiability,

andatotherswentthroughoppositeones,withonetwinhavingagood-naturedperiod

andtheotheracantankerousone.Wilsonnotesthatonecauseforthesecuriouspatterns

isagene-actionsystemseeminglypresettoswitchonandoffatcertaindevelopmental

phasesinpeople'slives.Anothercauseforsuchswingsisthebaby'senvironment,which

canmakethecrucialdifferencebetweenawell-adjustedchildandadifficultone.Twins,

itseems,don'tserve(oputthenature/nurturequestiontorestsomuchastheyserveto

illustratethesubtleinterplaybetweenheredityandenvironment.TheOtherTwinPuzzles

Hay,inthemeantime,iscontinuingtoexploreasmanysidesofthetwinpuzzleas

possible.Oneofthemoreexoticstudieshe'sundertakeninvolvedathree-monthstintto

Antarcticainsearchofararefreshwaterworm."Thewormisabletoregenerateitself

fromtheleftorrightsideofitsbodywhencutinhalf,"hesays."Itispotentiallyavery

goodmodelfbrthedevelopmentof□niirrorimageatwins.'1Hayalsoseesatrend

towardsmoreidenticaltwinsinthefuture.Morefraternaltwinsareborntoolderwoman,

butahigherincidenceofidenticaltwinshasbeenlinkedtoolderwomenwhoalso

conceiveshortlyaftertheystoptakingoralcontraceptives.Thepilliscurrentlythemost

popularformofcontraceptiveforwomenwhoplantostillhavechildren.

2、Researchhasshown(hattwinsaremorelikely(ohaveproblemswithlanguageskills

thansinglebabies.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据第1段第2句AustralianresearcherDavidHayhasfoundthatone

typeofidenticaltwinseemstobeplaguedwithdevelopmentaldifficulties,especiallyin

languageacquisition.可知双胞胎孩子尤其在语言莪巧方面存在问题°因此木题的

答案为Y。

3、Identicaltwingirlsaremorelikelythanboystohavelearningproblems.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第6段第1句：Hayhasalsofoundthat'mirrorimage"identical

twinboysareespeciallyatalossintryingtopickuplanguageskillsinschOO1.可知双

胞胎男孩比女孩更可能存在语言学习方面的问题。因此本题的答案为No

4、Hayfoundthattwinsdobetterinsingingthanthesinglebiibies.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据文章内容，没有提及双胞胎比单个出生的孩子更擅长唱歌的信

息，由此可判断本题的答案为NG。

5、Hayfoundthatparentsoftwinstendtofavorthefirst-bornbaby,givingthattwin

moretimeandattention.Evenwhen(heystartschool,thefirst-borntwindoesbetterthan

thesecond-born.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据第6段第4、6句:Parentstendtolavishmoretimeandattention

onthefirst-borntwin,whoisofteneasiertomanageandhealthierasababy.This

distinctioncontinuesintoprimaryschool,wherethefirst-borntwinisseenasmore

dominant,independentandbettercoordinatedthanthesecond,可知双胞胎的父母通常

给予第一个出生的孩子更多时间与关注.这种差别一直持续到他们上了学，父母仍

然认为第一个出生的孩子比第二个出生更突出、更独立并且合作能力强。由此可判

断本题的答案为Y。

6、Hayseesatrendtowardsmorefraternaltwinsborntoolderwoman.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据最后1段第2句:Morefraternaltwinsareborntoolder

woman.可知岁数大一些的妇女生的双胞胎多是男孩。因此本题的答案为Y。

7、Hayhasfoundthatbothandsocialfactorscombinetoputtwinsata

disadvantage.

标准答案:genetic

知识点解析：根据第5段第2句：Hehasfoundthatbothgeneticandsocialfactors

combinetoputtwinsatadisadvantage,可知双胞胎处于劣势是基因和社会因素共同

作用的结果。

8、Twins,thosewhosharethesameplacenta,aremorelikelytohavesocialandlearning

problems,aswellas.

标准答案：congenitalabnormalities

知以点解析：根据第5段第6句Thisgroupisatthehighestriskforarangeofsocial

andlearningproblems,aswellasforcongenitalabnormalities,可知这些很有可能有社

交、学习以及先天不足方面的困难。

9、Fromhisfindings,Hayhasestablishedsomeflexibleguidelinesforparentsof

identicaltwins.Onesuggestionisforparents(osothatcontactwithother

childrenwillacceleratelanguagedevelopment.

标准答案：sendtheirtwinstopreschoolcentersonalternatedays

知识点解析:根据第10段第1、2句Fromhisfindings,Hayhasestablishedsome

flexibleguidelinesforparentsofidenticaltwins.Onesuggestionisforparentstosend

theirtwinstopreschoolcentersonalternatedayssothatcontactwithotherchildrenwill

acceleratelanguagedevelopment.可知科学家Hay建议双胞胎的父母选择不同的时

日送孩子上学前班，以便他们与其他孩子更多的接触机会，从而加速他们语言的提

局°

10、Afterninemonths,individualtemperamentsbecameasthebabiesa

schedulesbecameestablished.

标准答案：moreobvious

知识点解析：根据第14段第1句：However,afterninemonths,individual

temperamentsbecamemoreobviousasthebabies,schedulesbecameestablished.可知

九个月之后，随着孩子日常行为的定型，他们的个性特征变得比较明显。

11>Heexpectsanexoticstudywithfreshwaterwormfrom（heAntarcticwhichcan

toyieldresultswhichwillhelptounderstandhowmirror-imagetwinsdevelop.

标准答案：regenerateitselffromtheleftorrightsideofitsbodywhencutinhalf

知识点解析：根据第17段："Thewormisabletoregenerateitselffromtheleftorright

sideofitsbodywhencutinhalf,"hesays."Itispotentiallyaverygoodmodelforthe

developmentof'mirrorimage'twins."亩知南极淡水虫在被截去一半时能在左侧或者

是右侧再长出一半来，这一奇特特征的研究结果会有助于对双胞胎的进一步的了

解。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分。）

12、

A,Atahotel.

B、Atatheatre.

C、Atacinema.

D、Atanairport.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、

A、Toadruggist.

B、Toadoctor.

C、Toadentist.

D、Tohiswife.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、

A、ManypeoplearefondofSabrina.

B、Sabrinadoesn'tlikeotherstogettoknowher.

C、It'sdifficulttogelclosetoSabrina.

D、ThewomanisencouragingthemantogetneartoSabrina.

标准答案：C-,

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

A、Wcshouldspendourmoneywisely.

B、Wecannotlivewithoutmoney.

C、Wearenotslavesofmoney.

D、Weshouldlearntosavemoney.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：哲无解析

16、

A^Adisastrouscaraccidenthappenedonthestreet.

B、Nobodywasinjuredinthatcaraccident.

C、Severalpeoplewerekilledinthecaraccident.

D、Thedriverhimselfgotkilledinthecaraccident.

标准答案：B,

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

A^Heteachesgeographyattheuniversity.

D>Heiswhite-hairedandinglasses.

C^Helikestocollectstones.

D、Helivesneartotheuniversity.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

A、Hewinsagoldmedal.

B、He'sbrave.

C、He'skind-hearted.

D、He'shonest.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A^HeneededMissJones（oactashissecretary.

B、HeneededtokeepMissJonesbusyinaction.

C、Heneededtoconfirmifshewasqualifiedforthejob.

D、Heneededthetypedreportsbeforetheendoftheday.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A^Planningasightseeingtour.

B、Writingtohisuncle.

C、Arranginghisclassschedule.

D^Readingalanguagetextbook.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Gettheuniversity'sapprovalinadvance.

B、FollowSusan'sadviceabouttravelingabroad.

C^TakemoreFrenchcourses（oimprovehisskills.

D、Makeinquiriesabouttherequirementsforteachingchemistry.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A、He'sfiilfillcdhisgraduationrequirements.

B、Hewantstochangehisfieldofstudy.

C、Heneedstogetbettergrades.

D、Heneedstoearnagraduatedegree.

标准答案：A、、

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

23、

A、languageteacher

B、Auniversitylecturer

C、Adoctor

D、Anurse

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、

A、Somethingyoudon'tunderstand

B、Somethingold

C、Somethingmysterious

D、TheEgyptianlanguage

玩准竺皇.A

知识点解析：暂无解析

25、

A^1（isaclassfor（hosewhostudylameducks

B、Itisaclassforthosewhowanttolearnalanguage

C、Itisaclassforthosewhoneedspecialhelp

D^Itisaclassforthosewhowarniodoacademicwork

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

26、

A^Reading

B、Sheffield

C、Manchester

D、Egypt

标准答案：A

知识点解析；暂无解析

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题1.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Askfortheirnames.

B、Namebabiesafterthem.

C、Putdowntheirnames.

D、Choosenamesforthem.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、

A、Thefamilytreeisfairlylimited.

B、Thefamilytieisstrong.

C、Thenameiscommonlyused.

D^Nobodyinthefamilycomplains.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

29、

A、Itshowsthebeautyofitsown.

B、Itdevelopsmoreassociations.

C、Itlosestheoriginalmeaning.

D^Ithelpsformthebaby'spersonality.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、

A、Heusedtoliveinthecountry.

B、Heusedtoworkintheci:y.

C、Heworksinthecity.

D、Helivesinthecountry.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

31、

A、Fearofunemployment.

B、Lackofcommunityintimacy.

C、Noisyanddirtyenvironment.

D^Senseofisolation.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、

A、Livinginacommunityoffriends.

B、Enjoyingastillandquietlife.

C、Beingcutofffromtheexcitingevents.

Goingbackclosertonature.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分，共4分。）

33、

A、Cultureshockanditscontributingfactors.

B、Howtodealwithcultureshock.

C、Theharmfuleffectsofcultureshock.

D、Differenttypesofcultureshock.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、

A、Cultureshockmainlyinvolvesthosewhoarehomesick.

B、One'spersonalityisoneofthemajorfactorsleadingtocultureshock.

C、Mostpeopledon'tlikethesmellofforeignfoods.

D、Thelanguageharrierisoneofthemajorcausesofcultureshock.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、

A^Cultureshockdependsonpersonalcharacter.

B、Cultureshockisalwaysnegativepsychologically.

C、Mostpeoplegoingtoaforeigncountryforthefirsttimeexperiencecultureshock.

D、ThewayapersonreactsIoculturechockdoesn'tchange.

标准答案：C、

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、

A^Oneshouldtrytomindthenegativesideofanewculture.

B、Onlyunhappypeoplegetculturallyshockedinastrangeland.

C^Cultureshockisnecessaryinlearningaboutanewculture.

D、Cultureshockwillaccoirpanyaforeignsettlerallthelife.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、听力复合式听写(本题共〃题，每题1・0分，共

〃分。)

Chinesefamiliesaretraditionallyknownforvaluingtheeducationoftheirchildren.Most

parentsarctryingto[Bl]theirchildrenthebesteducationpossible,regardingit

asthetopfamily[B2].Itseemsthattherearethreereasonsforthis,allof

whichareconcernedwith(hedemandsofmodernlife.First,withthe[B3]of

one-childpolicy,andtheemergenceofnuclearfamiliesasthe[B4]kinship

structure,parentsplaceall(heirhopeson,and[B5]everythingfor,theone

child.They[B6]theimportanceoftheirchildren'seducation.Manyparentsare

leading[B7]lifeinordertosaveenoughmoneyfortheirchildren.Quitesome

parentsarctryingtheirbesttosendtheirchildrenabroadforbettereducation.Secondly,

astheworldbecomesmoreandmore[B8],manyparentshaverealized(hat

[B9].Thirdly,alotofparents[BIO]and"keepupwiththe

Joneses1'.Inmyopinion,parentsshouldbeawareofthegoaloflearningwhile

recognizingtheimportanceo:agoodeducation.[Bl1].

37、[Bl]

标准答案：offer

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案:priority

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B3]

标准答案：enforcement

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B4]

标准答案：dominant

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B5]

标准答案：sacrifice

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B6]

标准答案：overemphasize

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B7]

标准答案：frugal

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B8]

标准答案:competitive

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[B9]

标准答案：onlyasoundeducationcanguarantee（heirchildrenadecentstandardof

livingin（hefuture

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[BIO]

标准答案：investblindlyintheirchildren'seducationsimplytoshowoffinfrontof

theirneighborsorcolleagues

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[Bll]

标准答案：Theyshouldconsiderwhattheirchildren'saptitudesandinterestsarebefore

recklesslyspendingmoneyonexpensiveeducation

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共加题，每题

分,共10分。）

CharlieBellbecamechiefexecutiveofMcDonald'sinApril.Withinamonthdoctors（old

himthathehadcolorectalcancer.AfterstockmarkethoursonNovember22nd,thefast-

foodfirmsaidhehadresigned;itwouldneedathirdbossinunderayear.Yetwhenthe

marketopened,itssharepricebarelydippedthenedgedhigher.Afterall,McDonald's

had,again,shownhowtoactswiftlyanddecisivelyinappointinganewboss.Mr.Bell

himselfgotthetopjobwhenJimCantaloupediedofaheartattackhoursbeforehewas

duetoaddressaconventionofMcDonald'sfranchisees.Mr.Cantaloupewasa

McDonald'sveteranbroughtoutofretirementinJanuary2003tohelpremodelthefirm

aftersalesbeganfallingbecauseofdirtyrestaurants,indifferentserviceandgrowing

concernaboutjunkfood.Hedevisedarecoveryplan,backedbymassivemarketing,and

promotedMr.Belltochiefoperatingofficer.WhenMr.Cantaloupedied,arapidly

convenedboardconfirmedMr.Bell,a44-year-oldAustralianalreadywidelyseenashis

heirapparent,inthetopjob.Theconventiongotitspromisedchiefexecutive'saddress,

fromthefirm'sfirstnonAmericanleader.Yetwithinweeksexecutiveshadtothink

aboutwhattodoifMr.Bellbecametooilltocontinue.PerhapsMr.Bellhadthesame

thingonhismind:heusuallyintroducedJimSkinner,the60-year-oldvice-chairman,to

visitorsasthe"steadyhandatthewheel".NowMr.Skinner,anexpertonthefirm's

overseasoperations,becomeschiefexecutive,andMikeRoberts,headofitsAmerican

operations,joinstheboardaschiefoperatingofficer.IsMr.Robertsnowthenewheir

apparent?Maybe.McDonald'shasbroughtinsupposedlyhealthierchoicessuchassalads

andtoastedsandwichesworldwideand,insteadofrelyingformostofitsgrowthon

openingnewrestaurants,hasturnedtoupgradingits31,000existingones.Americahas

donebestatthis;underMr.Roberts,like-for-likesalestherewereupby7.5%inOctober

onayearearlier.Thenewteam'staskistokeeptherevitalizationplanoncourse,

especiallyoverseas,wheresomeAmericanbrandsaresaidtofacepoliticalhostilityfrom

consumers.Thisisabigchallenge.Isaninhousesuccessionthebestwaytotackleit?

Mr.SkinnerandMr.Robertsarebothcompanyveterans,havingjoinedinthe1970s.

Somerecentacademicstudiesfindthattheplannedsuccessionofanewbossgroomed

fromwithin,suchasMr.Bellandnow(arguably)Mr.Roberts,producesbetterresults

thanlookinghastily,oroutside,forone.McDonald'ssmoothhandlingofitsserial

misfortunesatthetopcertainlyseemstoprovethepoint.Evenso,everyoneat

McDonaldsmustbehopingthatitwillbealongtimebefore:hefirmfacesyetanother

suchemergency.

48、Themainreasonfortheconstantchangea(thetopofMcDonaldis.

A^theboard'sinterference

B、thefallingsales

C、thehealthproblemsofthechiefexecutives

D、theconstantchangeofitsshareprice

标准答案：c-

知识点解析：参见第1句和第2句：Charliebellbecamechiefexecutiveof

MacDonaldinApril.Withinamonthdoctorstoldhimhehadcolorectalcancer,可知

现任总裁因患结肠癌将寻找继任者而他本身就是因为其前任死于心脏病而成为总裁

的。参见第2段的第I句：Mr.BellhimselfgotthetopjobwhenJimCantaloupedied

ofaheartattack...

49WhichofthefollowingwasNOTacauseofthefallingsalesofMcDonald?

A、Thechangeofthechiefexecutive.

B、People'sconcernaboutjunkfood.

C、Dirtyrestaurant.

D、Indifferentservice.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:参见第2段3〜4行：…aftersalesbeganfallingbecauseofdirty

restaurants,indifferentserviceandgrowingconcernaboutjunkfood.销售下降原因

为：餐馆卫生差、服务冷淡和大众对垃圾食品的关注，而总裁的变换不在其中，应

排除。

5。、Thephrase"heirapparent"(Line7,Paragraph2)intheaiticlemostprobablymeans

A^someonewhohasthesameideas,aimsandstylewithaperson

B、someonewhohastheunalienablerighttoreceivethefamilytitle

C、someonewhoisappointedasaheirofaperson

D、someonewhoislikelytotakeoveraperson'spositionwhenthatpersonleaves

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据上下文或词汇知识可知"heirapparent”指有较确定继承权的人，

本文中指Mr.Bell成为其前任JimCantaloupe的继任者，为麦当劳的总裁。

51、Intermsofsuccessionatthetop,McDonald.

A、hashadtomaderatherhastydecisions

B、preferstoappointanewbossfromwithin

C、actsinaquickandunreasonableway

D、surprisesallthepeoplewithitsdecisions

标准答案：B

知识点解析：参见最后1段4〜7行：...plannedsuccessionofanewbossfrom

within,suchasMr.Bellandnow(arguably)Mr.Robert,producebetterresultthan

lookinghastilyoroutsideforone.而麦当劳总裁在不幸关头的顺利交接，也使其更

愿意选择从内部寻找继任者。

52、TowardMcDonald'sreactiontoemergenciesatthetop,thewriter'sattitudecanbe

saidtobe.

A、indifferent

B、doubtful

C^objective

D、praiseful

标准答案：D

知识点解析：麦当劳虽不断易主，但其业绩却上升，证明了麦当劳应对高层危机的

能力，对此作者持赞赏态度。请注意第1段最后2句中作者的用词：Afterall,

Macdonald'shad,again,showhowtoactswiftlyanddecisivelyinappointinganew

boss."

Manyyearsago,amerchantinLondonhad(hemisfonunetooweahugesum(oa

money-lenderwho,oldandugly,fanciedthemerchant'sbeautifuldaughter.Hesaidhe

wouldcancelthemerchant'sdebtifhecouldhavethegirlinstead.Boththemerchantand

hisdaughterwerehorrified.Sothecunningmoney-lenderproposedtheyletchance

decidethematter.Hetoldthemhewouldputablackpebbleandawhitepebbleintoan

emptymoney-bagandthenthegirlwouldhavetopickoutofthepebbles.Ifshechose

(heblackpebble,shewouldbecomehiswifeandherfather'sdebtwouldbecancelled.If

shechosethewhiteone,shewouldstaywithherfatherandthedebtwouldbecancelled.

Butifsherefuses(opickoutapebble,herfatherwouldbethrownintojail.Reluctantly

themerchantagreed.Theywerestandingonapebble-strewnpathastheytalkedandthe

money-lenderstoopedtopickupthetw