初中英语语法总结 (三)

不定冠词

areportanoldman

auniversityanuncle

ahouseanhour

aEuropeancityanemptyroom

aone-yuanstampar8-year-oldboy

定冠词

thesuntheeast

thetallestboythefirstday

theHuangpuRivertheGreatWall

thegirlinredthehighjump

thepianothepoor

零冠词

historyLessonOne

Tom,monitorofClass3bybus

BeijingYangpuPark

playbasketballatschool

nextweekmyotherhand

注意区分

bybusonabus

inredinaredcoat

atnightinthenight

havelunchhavearichlunch

inspaceinthesky

NinthStreettheninthmonth

数词

twohundredstudents

hundredsofstudents

*twohundredofthestudents

one-thirdofthestudents

two-thirdsofthestudents

onehourandahalf

oneandahalfhours

aten-year-oldboy

Theboyistenyearsold.

Heisoverfiftyyearsold.

Heisinhisfifties.

It'stenminutes*walk.

It'saten-minutewalk.

名词

myfather'sfriend

afriendofmyfather's

thegateoftheschool

theteachers*office

theBrowns*house

theChildren'sPalace

可数名词与不可数名词

jobwork

suggestionadvice

newspapernews

coinmoney

mountainwater

bookfiction

不同名词的数量表达

anumberofstudentsanamountofmoney

apairoftrousersapieceofadvice

acoupleofdaysthreecupsoftea

agroupofboystwoloavesofbread

alotofreporterslotsofinformation

plentyofbooksplentyofmilk

manychildrenmuchinformation

afewbooksa;littletime

someboyss!ometime

abasketofapplesabasketoffruit

abagofbookstiwobagsofmoney

tenbowlsofbeansfourbowlsofrice

不定代词

onetheother(one)...

oneanother(one)(theother)

sometheothers(theotherones)...

some…，others(otherones)...

therest(ofsth./sb.)...

Bothofthemarehere.

Neitherofthemishere.

Eitherofthemishere.

Allofthemarehere.

Noneofthemare(is)here.

notall=some

notevery=some

notboth=either

eitherside=bothsides

eitherend=bothends

比较

bothsidesoftheroad路H勺两边

eithersideoftheroad路的两边

allsidesofthesquare广场的四周

every/eachsideofthesquare

广场的每一边

Therearesomesheepinthefields.

Thereissomethingstrangeinthesky.

Wouldyoulendmesomemoney?

Shallwehavesomefishinsteadofchicken?

Willyougetussomethingtodrink?

Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseletmeknow.

Anystudentcanjointhesinginggroup.

Anyonecanworkouttheproblem.

Tomistallerthananygirlinhisclass.

Maryistallerthananyothergirlinherclass.

Jackistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass,

anygirl=anyofthegirls

anyothergirl=anyoftheothergirls

anyoneelse=anyoftheothers

形容词/副词

Sheisabeautifuldancer.

Thedancerisbeautiful.

Hefoundtheroomempty.

Shedancesbeautifully.

Theresultwasreallysurprising.

Luckilyshewonthefirstprize.

原级

sogoodtoobad

verycleverquiteimportant

ratherdifficultoldenough

asoftenasnotas/soeasyas

比较级

biggerthanmuchbetter

farmoreusefulevenearlier

stillgreateralittlelonger

betterandbetter

Theearlier...,thebetter...

最高级

thefastestinourclass

thetallestofthethree

thesecondlongestriver

oneofthelongestrivers

amongthebestfilms

注意区分

quicklysoon

goodwell

aliveliving

farlong

hardhardly

形容词副词同形

earlyearly

fastfast

hardhard

highhigh

latelate

注意区分

sometimetomorrow

spendsometimeinBeijing

sometimesgetuplate

visitBeijingsometimes

Maybeheisill.

Hemaybeill.

系动词

soundbeautiful

lookangrylookangrilyatsth.

feelsoft

tastedelicious

smellgood

seemstrange

becomeusefulfallill

getangrystayawake

turnredgrowdark

cometruegowrong

keepwarm

特殊动词

keeptheroomclean

makethecitygreener

findthemandead

leavethedooropen

geteverythingready

setthemanfree

havegonetoBeijing

havebeentoBeijingsometimes

havebeeninBeijingforsometime

havebeentheretwice

havebeentherefortwodays

raiseyourhand(vt)

raisethetemperature(vt)

thetemperaturerises(vi)

Theriverrosetwofeet,(vi)

Thesunrisesintheeast.

Heroseearlytodosomereading.

Herosetoanswerthequestion,

enterfortheitem=signfor

takepartinthegroupsinging

joininthegroupsinging

jointhesinginggroup

attendthemeeting/alecture

goinforthelongjump

putupapicture/one'shand

putonaplay/ajacket

putoffameeting

putoutafire

takeupEnglish

takedownamap

pulldownahouse

reachthepictureonthewall

reachthetown

arriveattheschool

arriveinShanghai

arrivetomorrow

gettothetown

reach/get/arrivehome

sb.spendtimedoingsth.

sb.spendtimeonsth.

ittakesb.timetodosth.

sb.paymoneyforsth.

sb.spendmoneyonsth.

sb.buysth.formoney

sth.cost(sb)money

Itcostsb.moneytodosth.

Howmuchis...?Howmuchdoes...cost?

What'sthepriceof...?

putonapairofglasses

weararedTshirt

haveacoaton

dresssb.inaredcoat

bedressedinaredcoat=wear

lookforabookintheroom

searchtheroomforthebook

findamistake

findoutwhobrokethewindow

discoveranewstar

inventthefirstwatch

listentothereport

hearthenews

lookattheblackboard

seeaUFO

readacard/map

watchamatch

visit/callonafriend

bringthebookwhenyoucomehere

takethebookwhenyougothere

fetchsomewater

carryfiftypassengers

carrymuchwater

saysomething

sayit/this/that

sayaword/afewwords

saygoodmorningtosb.

say(tosb.)that...

Whatdidyouatthemeeting?

tellthetime/theway/thedifference

tellastory/thetruth/thenews

tellsb.aboutthebook/hiswork/life

tellsb.todosth.

tellsb.that...

cantellwh.

Whatdidyouhimtoattheparty?

talkaboutsth.

talkwith/tosb.aboutsth.

speakEnglish

speakatthemeeting

speaktosb.aboutsth.

Areyougoingtoatthemeeting?

Whatareyougoingtoatthemeeting?

情态动词

MayIwatchTV?

No,youmustn't/maynot/can/t.

MustIdothework?

No,youneedn't.

maybe可能是

mustbe一定是

can,tbe不可能是

注意区分

Youneedn'thelphim.

Youdon'tneedtohelphim.

Hedoesn'tneedmoney.

Heneedshelp.

Heisinneedofhelp.

介词

时间

atnightateight

atfirstatthemoment

atpresentattheweekend

地点

atschoolathome

atthegateattheairport

attheendoftheroad

时间

inthemorninginspring

inSeptemberin2010

inaminuteinthefuture

innotimeinone'sfifties

地点

inthefactoryinthecity

intheforestintheriver

intheworldinspace

intheeast

时间

onFridayonFridaynight

onweekdaysontime

onthenightofJune1st

onacoldspringmorning

地点

onthefarmonthewall

ontherightonthethirdfloor

onone'ssideonone'sway

overtheheadunderthetree

abovetheheadbelowthehill

betweenthetwoamongthestudents

alongtheriveraroundthelake

besides力口法

except减法

BesidesTom,Jackalsowentfishing.

ExceptTom,weallwentfishing.

inaddition此外(还)

Marygavemesandwichesformypicnicandabagofcookiesinaddition.

不用介词

thiseveningthatmorning

thesedaysallday

onemorningoneday

lastweeknextTuesday

everyMonday

动词代替动词+介词

gotoschoolonfoot

walktoschool

gotoschoolbybus

takeabustoschool

gohomebybike

rideabikehome

gotothefactoryinahurry

hurrytothefactory

timeformoneyfor

ticketforwishfor

ambitionforpostagefor

visittowayto

entrancetokeyto

answertosolutionto

bridgetotripto

感叹词

Whatacleverboyheis!

Howclevertheboyis!

Whatniceweatheritis!

Hownicetheweatheris!

Whatbeautifulflowers(theyare)!

Howbeautifultheflowersare!

Whatimportantinformationitis!

Whatusefuladvicehegaveus!

Whatinterestingnewsitis!

Whatbeautifulmusicheisplaying!

Whatgoodworkhehasdone!

Whatgreatfunitistoflyakitehere!

*Whataninterestingnewsreportitis!

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