2026年浙江省部编版初中英语下册第5单元语法填空题库

2026年浙江省部编版初中英语下册第5单元语法填空题库一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewsciencemuseuminHangzhouoffersinteractiveexhibitsthathelpstudentsunderstandtheprinciplesofphysicsandchemistry.Whichwordshouldbefilledintheblanktomakethesentencegrammaticallycorrectandmeaningful?A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“杭州的新科学博物馆提供互动展览，帮助学生理解物理和化学原理”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“interactiveexhibits”，且从句中“exhibits”作“understand”的宾语，应用“that”引导。选项A“which”通常不直接修饰物作宾语，选项C“what”不能引导定语从句，选项D“where”指地点，不符合语境。故选B。2.DuringtheEnglishspeechcompetition,thecontestantfromZhejiangProvinceimpressedthejudgeswithherclearpronunciationandfluentexpression.Whatwordshouldbefilledintheblanktocompletethesentencecorrectly?A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which解析：本题考查关系代词的用法。句意为“在英语演讲比赛中，来自浙江的选手凭借清晰的发音和流利的表达给评委留下了深刻印象”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“contestant”，且从句中“contestant”作主语，应用“who”或“that”。选项B“whom”作宾语，选项C“whose”指所属关系，选项D“which”指物，均不符合。故选A。3.Theteacheraskedthestudentstobringtheirnotebookstoclassbecausethelessonwouldfocusonthetopictheyhaddiscussedlastweek.Whichwordshouldbefilledintheblanktomakethesentencegrammaticallycorrect?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“老师要求学生带笔记本上课，因为课程将重点讨论他们上周讨论的主题”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“thetopic”，且从句中“topic”作“discussed”的宾语，应用“that”或省略关系代词。选项A“which”通常不直接修饰物作宾语，选项C“when”指时间，选项D“where”指地点，均不符合。故选B。4.Manystudentsinourschoolaremembersofthevolunteerteam,andtheyoftenhelpcleantheparknearthecampus.Whatwordshouldbefilledintheblanktocompletethesentencecorrectly?A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which解析：本题考查关系代词的用法。句意为“我们学校很多学生是志愿者团队的成员，他们经常帮助打扫校园附近的公园”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“students”，且从句中“students”作主语，应用“who”或“that”。选项B“whom”作宾语，选项C“whose”指所属关系，选项D“which”指物，均不符合。故选A。5.ThebookontheshelfiswrittenbyafamousauthorfromShanghai,anditprovidesvaluableinsightsintomodernChinesehistory.Whichwordshouldbefilledintheblanktomakethesentencegrammaticallycorrect?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“书架上的书是一位来自上海的名著作家写的，它为现代中国历史提供了宝贵的见解”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“thebook”，且从句中“book”作“writtenby”的宾语，应用“that”或省略关系代词。选项A“which”通常不直接修饰物作宾语，选项C“when”指时间，选项D“where”指地点，均不符合。故选B。6.TheEnglishcluborganizesvariousactivitieseverymonth,suchasspeechcontestsandculturalexchanges,toimprovestudents'languageskills.Whatwordshouldbefilledintheblanktocompletethesentencecorrectly?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“英语俱乐部每月组织各种活动，如演讲比赛和文化交流，以提高学生的语言能力”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“activities”，但句中“suchas”已提供具体内容，无需定语从句，故空格处可省略关系代词。选项A、B、C、D均不符合，但根据语法规则，此处可填“which”或“that”作主语，但需注意“suchas”已明确列举，故从句可省略。若必须填，选A“which”更符合语境。7.Thefilm"TheLegendoftheDragon"isaChinesemoviethattellsthestoryofayoungherowhosaveshisvillagefromdanger.Whichwordshouldbefilledintheblanktomakethesentencegrammaticallycorrect?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“电影《龙传》是一部中国电影，讲述了一位年轻英雄拯救村庄免遭危险的故事”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“movie”，且从句中“movie”作“tells”的宾语，应用“that”或省略关系代词。选项A“which”通常不直接修饰物作宾语，选项C“when”指时间，选项D“where”指地点，均不符合。故选B。8.Thenewlibraryinourcityhasalargecollectionofbooks,anditisopentothepubliceverydayexceptSunday.Whatwordshouldbefilledintheblanktocompletethesentencecorrectly?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“我们城市的新图书馆藏书丰富，除周日外每天都向公众开放”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“library”，且从句中“library”作主语，应用“that”或“which”。选项B“that”更常用，选项A“which”也可，但需注意“library”指物，故选B。9.TheEnglishteachergavethestudentsalistofvocabularywords,andtheywererequiredtolearnatleast20ofthembytheendoftheweek.Whatwordshouldbefilledintheblanktomakethesentencegrammaticallycorrect?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“英语老师给了学生一份词汇表，他们被要求在本周末前至少学习20个单词”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“vocabularywords”，且从句中“words”作“learn”的宾语，应用“that”或省略关系代词。选项A“which”通常不直接修饰物作宾语，选项C“when”指时间，选项D“where”指地点，均不符合。故选B。10.TheschooltriptoHangzhouwasamemorableexperienceforallthestudents,andtheytookmanyphotosoftheplacestheyvisited.Whichwordshouldbefilledintheblanktomakethesentencegrammaticallycorrect?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“杭州的校车之旅对所有学生来说都是一次难忘的经历，他们拍了照片记录他们参观的地方”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“places”，且从句中“places”作“visited”的宾语，应用“that”或省略关系代词。选项A“which”通常不直接修饰物作宾语，选项C“when”指时间，选项D“where”指地点，均不符合。故选B。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThesciencefairwillbeheldnextFriday,_______studentscanshowcasetheirinnovativeprojects._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“科学展览将于下周五举行，学生们可以在那里展示他们的创新项目”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“Friday”，且从句中“Friday”作时间状语，应用“onwhich”或“when”。故填“onwhich”或“when”。2.Thebook_______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinterestingandprovidesalotofinformationaboutancientcivilizations._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“我从图书馆借的书非常有趣，提供了大量关于古代文明的信息”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“thebook”，且从句中“book”作主语，应用“which”或“that”。故填“which”或“that”。3.Themuseum_______wevisitedlastSundayhasacollectionofartifactsfromdifferenthistoricalperiods._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“我们上周日参观的博物馆收藏了不同历史时期的文物”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“themuseum”，且从句中“museum”作主语，应用“which”或“that”。故填“which”或“that”。4.TheEnglishcompetition_______sheparticipatedinwasheldlastmonthandattractedstudentsfromalloverZhejiangProvince._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“她参加的英语比赛上个月举行，吸引了来自浙江省各地的学生”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“thecompetition”，且从句中“competition”作主语，应用“which”或“that”。故填“which”或“that”。5.Theteacheraskedthestudentstobringtheirhomework_______theyhadcompletedduringtheweekend._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“老师要求学生带他们周末完成的作业”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“homework”，且从句中“homework”作主语，应用“which”或“that”。故填“which”或“that”。6.Theschoolgarden_______weplantedflowerslastspringisnowfullofcolorfulblooms._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“我们去年春天种植花朵的学校花园现在开满了五颜六色的花朵”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“theschoolgarden”，且从句中“garden”作主语，应用“which”或“that”。故填“which”或“that”。7.TheEnglishfilm_______wewatchedlastnightwasbasedonatruestoryandleftadeepimpressiononus._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“我们昨晚观看的英语电影基于真实故事，给我们留下了深刻印象”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“theEnglishfilm”，且从句中“film”作主语，应用“which”或“that”。故填“which”或“that”。8.Thevolunteerprogram_______Ijoinedlastsemesterhelpedmeimprovemycommunicationskills._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“我上学期参加的志愿者项目帮助我提高了沟通能力”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“thevolunteerprogram”，且从句中“program”作主语，应用“which”或“that”。故填“which”或“that”。9.Thebookshelf_______islocatedinthelibrarycontainsawidevarietyofbooksondifferentsubjects._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“位于图书馆的书架上有各种不同科目的书籍”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“thebookshelf”，且从句中“bookshelf”作主语，应用“which”或“that”。故填“which”或“that”。10.TheEnglishclub_______meetseveryWednesdayafterschoolorganizesvariousactivitiestohelpstudentsimprovetheirlanguageskills._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“英语俱乐部每周三放学后举行，组织各种活动帮助学生提高语言能力”。空格处需引导定语从句修饰“theEnglishclub”，且从句中“club”作主语，应用“which”或“that”。故填“which”或“that”。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.TheEnglishspeechcompetitionwasheldlastSaturday,andmanystudentsfromdifferentschoolsparticipatedinit._______解析：本题考查时态和冠词的用法。句意为“英语演讲比赛上周末举行，许多来自不同学校的学生参加了比赛”。句子时态正确，但“manystudents”前无需冠词，故错误。2.ThebookonthetableiswrittenbyafamousauthorfromShanghai,anditprovidesalotofinformationaboutmodernChinesehistory._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“书架上的书是一位来自上海的名著作家写的，它为现代中国历史提供了宝贵的见解”。句子时态和语法正确，故正确。3.TheEnglishcluborganizesvariousactivitieseverymonth,suchasspeechcontestsandculturalexchanges,toimprovestudents'languageskills._______解析：本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意为“英语俱乐部每月组织各种活动，如演讲比赛和文化交流，以提高学生的语言能力”。句子时态和语法正确，故正确。4.ThesciencefairwillbeheldnextFriday,andstudentscanshowcasetheirinnovativeprojects._______解析：本题考查定语从句的缺失。句意为“科学展览将于下周五举行，学生们可以在那里展示他们的创新项目”。缺少定语从句的引导词，故错误。5.Thefilm"TheLegendoftheDragon"isaChinesemoviethattellsthestoryofayoungherowhosaveshisvillagefromdanger._______解析：本题考查时态和冠词的用法。句意为“电影《龙传》是一部中国电影，讲述了一位年轻英雄拯救村庄免遭危险的故事”。句子时态和语法正确，故正确。6.TheschooltriptoHangzhouwasamemorableexperienceforallthestudents,andtheytookmanyphotosoftheplacestheyvisited._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“杭州的校车之旅对所有学生来说都是一次难忘的经历，他们拍了照片记录他们参观的地方”。句子时态和语法正确，故正确。7.Theteacheraskedthestudentstobringtheirhomework,andtheywererequiredtolearnatleast20ofthembytheendoftheweek._______解析：本题考查定语从句的缺失。句意为“老师要求学生带他们周末完成的作业”。缺少定语从句的引导词，故错误。8.Thebookshelfinthelibrarycontainsawidevarietyofbooksondifferentsubjects._______解析：本题考查冠词的用法。句意为“位于图书馆的书架上有各种不同科目的书籍”。句子时态和语法正确，故正确。9.TheEnglishcompetitionsheparticipatedinwasheldlastmonthandattractedstudentsfromalloverZhejiangProvince._______解析：本题考查时态和冠词的用法。句意为“她参加的英语比赛上个月举行，吸引了来自浙江省各地的学生”。句子时态和语法正确，故正确。10.ThevolunteerprogramIjoinedlastsemesterhelpedmeimprovemycommunicationskills._______解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“我上学期参加的志愿者项目帮助我提高了沟通能力”。句子时态和语法正确，故正确。四、简答题（总共4题，每题4分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"which"and"that"intermsoftheirusageinrelativeclauses._______解析：-"Which"isusedtorefertothingsoranimalsinrelativeclauses,anditcanbethesubjectorobjectoftheverb.Forexample:"ThebookwhichIborrowedisveryinteresting."-"That"isusedtorefertothingsoranimalsinrelativeclauses,anditcanalsobethesubjectorobjectoftheverb.Forexample:"ThebookthatIborrowedisveryinteresting."-Insomecases,"which"canbereplacedby"that"withoutchangingthemeaning,but"that"ismorecommoninformalwriting.2.Howcanyouuse"when"and"where"inrelativeclauses?Provideexamples._______解析：-"When"isusedtorefertotimeinrelativeclauses.Forexample:"Thedaywhenwevisitedthemuseumwasunforgettable."-"Where"isusedtorefertoplacesinrelativeclauses.Forexample:"ThecitywhereIgrewupisverybeautiful."-Both"when"and"where"canbethesubjectorobjectoftheverbintherelativeclause.3.Whataretherulesforusingrelativepronounsinrelativeclauses?_______解析：-Subjectposition:"Who,""which,"and"that"canbethesubjectoftherelativeclause.Forexample:"Thestudentwhowontheawardisfromourclass."-Objectposition:"Whom,""which,"and"that"canbetheobjectoftherelativeclause.Forexample:"ThebookwhichIborrowedisveryinteresting."-Whose:Usedtoshowpossession.Forexample:"Thegirlwhosebagwasstoleniscrying."-Norelativepronoun:Sometimes,therelativepronouncanbeomittedifitistheobjectoftherelativeclause.Forexample:"ThebookIborrowedisveryinteresting."4.WhyisitimportanttouserelativeclausescorrectlyinEnglish?_______解析：-Relativeclausesaddclarityandspecificitytosentencesbyprovidingadditionalinformationaboutnouns.-Incorrectuseofrelativeclausescanleadtoambiguityorgrammaticalerrors.-Properuseofrelativeclausesenhancestheflowandcoherenceofwriting.-Forexample,using"which"insteadof"that"whenreferringtoathingcanchangethemeaningofthesentence.五、应用题（总共4题，每题6分，共24分）1.Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingintheblankswithappropriatewordsfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.which,that,who,whom,whose,when,whereTheschooltriptoHangzhouwasamemorableexperienceforallthestudents.TheyvisitedtheWestLake,_______isfamousforitsbeautifulscenery.Thestudentsalsotookaboatrideonthelake,_______theyenjoyedthefreshairandthestunningview.ThetripendedwithavisittotheLingyinTemple,_______theylearnedaboutChinesehistoryandculture.解析：-which:Refersto"theWestLake."-when:Refersto"thetimetheytookaboatride."-where:Refersto"theplacetheyvisitedtheLingyinTemple."2.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingarelativeclause:"Theboyismybrother.HelivesinShanghai."_______解析："TheboywholivesinShanghaiismybrother."3.Completethefollowingsentencewitharelativeclause:"Thebookisveryinteresting.Iborroweditfromthelibrary."_______解析："ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisvery