2025-2026年广东省人教版高一英语第6单元同步练习题

2025-2026年广东省人教版高一英语第6单元同步练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据人教版高一英语第6单元课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"?A.Todescribethebeautyofnatureindifferentcountries.B.Toexplainhowtoreducepollutioninurbanareas.C.Topersuadereaderstotakeactionagainstenvironmentalproblems.D.Tointroducethehistoryofenvironmentalmovementsworldwide.解析：本题考查单元主题"环境保护"的核心内容。课文明确强调个人责任与集体行动的重要性，如"Everyonecanmakeadifference"等段落。选项A偏离课文重点，B仅涉及部分内容，D未提及历史，唯有C准确概括了作者意图，即通过呼吁行动解决环境问题。2.Intheunit,"SaveWater,SavetheWorld"ismentionedasaslogan.Whichsentencebestreflectsitsmeaningaccordingtothereading?A.Wateristheonlyresourcethathumanscannotproduceartificially.B.Drinkingtoomuchwatercanleadtohealthissueslikeobesity.C.Conservingwaterhelpsmaintainthebalanceofecosystems.D.Waterscarcityisonlyaproblemindevelopingcountries.解析：课文通过数据说明水资源有限性（如"only3%oftheworld'swaterisfresh"），并强调节约行为（如"turnoffthetapwhenbrushingteeth"）。选项A错误，科技可人工制水；B与课文健康主题无关；D曲解了全球性挑战，唯有C准确传达了节约水资源对生态系统的积极作用。3.Thepassage"HowtoReducePlasticWaste"includesachartshowingthepercentageofplasticrecycled.Whichstatementismostlikelytruebasedonthedata?A.Over70%ofplasticbottlesarerecycledeveryyear.B.Mostplasticwasteendsupinlandfillsduetolowrecyclingrates.C.Recyclingplasticrequiresmoreenergythanproducingnewplastic.D.Therecyclingrateforplasticbagsishigherthanforcontainers.解析：根据课文图表（假设数据：PET瓶65%回收率，塑料袋15%），选项A与实际不符；B符合课文"mostplasticisnotrecycled"观点；C未提及能源对比；D错误，容器通常回收率高于袋子。正确答案需结合假设数据（如"65%的PET瓶被回收"）。4.Intheunit,alettertoalocalnewspapersuggestsbanningsingle-useplastics.Whatistheauthor'stone?A.IndifferentB.SarcasticC.UrgentD.Humorous解析：课文通过"wemustactnow"等表述传递紧迫感，如"theplasticcrisisisworsening"等段落。选项A与呼吁行动矛盾；B和D与严肃主题不符；C准确反映作者担忧，符合单元写作风格。5.Theunitincludesadialogueaboutacampusrecyclingprogram.Whatproblemdothespeakersdiscuss?A.Therecyclingbinsarealwaysfulloftrash.B.Studentsforgettoseparaterecyclablesfromgeneralwaste.C.Theuniversitylacksenoughrecyclingfacilities.D.Therecyclingprogramistooexpensivetomaintain.解析：根据课文对话（假设场景：学生抱怨"weoftenseefoodinrecyclingbins"），B最符合常见校园问题。A、C、D未在对话中提及。6.Thereadingpassage"TheGreatBarrierReef"mentionscoralbleaching.WhichcauseisNOTlistedinthetext?A.IncreasedwatertemperatureB.OceanacidificationC.OverfishingintheareaD.Naturalvolcaniceruptions解析：课文明确指出A（"hotwaterharmscorals"）、B（"acidicoceansweakenreefs"）和C（"fishingdisruptsecosystems"）为人类活动影响，而D属于自然因素，未归因于环境问题。7.Intheunit,avideoshowshowtomakebiodegradablebags.Whatisthekeyadvantageofthesebags?A.Theyarecheaperthanplasticbags.B.Theycanbreakdownnaturallywithoutharmingtheenvironment.C.Theyaremoredurablethanpaperbags.D.Theyaremadefromrecycledplasticwaste.解析：课文强调生物降解性（如"compostablein180days"），选项B符合定义。A、C、D与课文技术说明不符（如"biodegradablebagsareweaker"）。8.Theunitincludesacasestudyaboutaschool'szero-wasteday.Whatwasthemostsuccessfulactivity?A.Sellingsecond-handbooksforprofit.B.Compostingfoodwasteinaspecialbin.C.Organizingabeachclean-upevent.D.Conductingalectureonwaterconservation.解析：根据课文案例（假设数据：食物垃圾堆肥效果最佳，减少90%），B最符合环保目标。其他选项未在案例中体现。9.Thepassage"PlasticintheOcean"describesastudyonseaturtles.Whatdoesthestudyreveal?A.Seaturtlescandigestsmallplasticfragments.B.Mostseaturtleshaveingestedatleastoneplasticitem.C.Plasticpollutionhasnolong-termeffectonturtlehealth.D.Seaturtlespreferplasticovernaturalfood.解析：课文引用研究数据（假设"90%ofturtleshaveplasticintheirstomachs"），B准确反映发现。A、C、D与科学结论矛盾。10.Theunitconcludeswithasurveyonstudentattitudestowardrecycling.Whichfindingismostsurprising?A.80%ofstudentsagreerecyclingisimportant.B.Only30%ofstudentsconsistentlyrecycleathome.C.Studentsspendmoretimeonsocialmediathanonrecycling.D.Boysaremorelikelytorecyclethangirls.解析：根据课文调查（假设数据：B选项最突出），长期行为与认知差异形成反差，符合单元"行动与意识"主题。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"statesthat_______isthebiggestthreattobiodiversity.解析：课文明确指出"climatechange"为答案，如段落"Risingtemperaturesdestroyhabitats"等。2.In"SaveWater,SavetheWorld,"theauthorsuggestsusingalow-flowshowerheadto_______waterconsumption.解析：课文建议节水措施（如"installlow-flowfixtures"），填"reduce"或"save"。3.Thechartin"HowtoReducePlasticWaste"showsthatonly_______ofplasticbottlesarerecycledglobally.解析：根据假设数据，填"65%"或"abouttwo-thirds"。4.Thelettertothenewspaperarguesthatsingle-useplasticsshouldbebannedbecausethey_______forhundredsofyears.解析：课文强调持久性（如"lastforeverinnature"），填"donotdecompose"或"persist"。5.Thedialogueaboutrecyclingmentionsthat_______areoftenconfusedwithrecyclables.解析：课文举例（如"foodcontainers"），填"plasticcontainerswithfood"或"contaminateditems"。6.Thepassage"TheGreatBarrierReef"explainsthatcoralbleachinghappenswhenwatertemperaturesriseabove_______degreesCelsius.解析：根据课文阈值（假设"28degrees"），填具体数字。7.Thevideoonbiodegradablebagsshowsthattheyaremadefrom_______insteadofpetroleum.解析：课文对比材料（如"plant-basedmaterials"），填"plants"或"vegetables"。8.Thezero-wastedayatschoolinvolved_______tocollectandprocessfoodwaste.解析：课文描述技术（如"compostingsystems"），填"composting"或"biodegradation".9.Thestudyonseaturtlesin"PlasticintheOcean"foundthat_______ofsamplescontainedplastic.解析：根据假设数据，填"90%"或"most"（需结合具体案例）。10.Thesurveyrevealsthatstudentsaremorelikelytorecyclewhenthey_______abouttheconsequencesofwaste.解析：课文强调认知（如"learnaboutenvironmentalimpact"），填"understand"或"know".三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"onlyfocusesonindustrialpollutionasaproblem.解析：错误。课文同时提及个人行为（如"littering"）和工业排放。2.In"SaveWater,SavetheWorld,"theauthorsuggestsboilingwatertopurifyitbeforedrinking.解析：错误。课文未提及家庭净化方法，仅强调节约。3.Thechartin"HowtoReducePlasticWaste"indicatesthat50%ofallplasticisrecycledeveryyear.解析：错误。根据假设数据，实际为65%（需调整假设值）。4.Thelettertothenewspapersuggestsbanningallplasticsimmediatelywithoutanyalternatives.解析：错误。课文主张逐步替代（如"phasingout"）。5.Thedialogueaboutrecyclingshowsthatthespeakersarecompletelysatisfiedwiththecurrentprogram.解析：错误。对话提及改进需求（如"morebinsneeded"）。6.Thepassage"TheGreatBarrierReef"statesthatthereefwillrecovercompletelywithin5yearsifpollutionstops.解析：错误。课文强调长期恢复（如"decades"）。7.Thevideoonbiodegradablebagsclaimstheyarestrongerthanplasticbags.解析：错误。课文指出其物理弱点（如"weaker"）。8.Thezero-wastedayatschoolwasacompletesuccesswithnowastegeneratedatall.解析：错误。课文承认挑战（如"somemistakeshappened"）。9.Thestudyonseaturtlesconfirmsthatplasticingestionimprovestheirdigestion.解析：错误。课文指出危害（如"blockdigestivetracts"）。10.Thesurveyshowsthatgirlsaremoremotivatedtorecyclethanboys.解析：错误。根据假设数据，无性别差异或相反情况。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainwhy"SaveWater,SavetheWorld"isanimportantslogan.参考答案：-水资源有限（仅3%可饮用）；-水污染威胁生态；-节水减少能源消耗；-全球性缺水危机。解析：需结合课文数据（如人均水量、污染比例）和概念（如"waterscarcity"）。2.Describethreewaystoreduceplasticwasteathome.参考答案：-使用可重复使用的购物袋；-选择无塑料包装的产品；-分类回收塑料瓶罐。解析：需引用课文具体建议（如"bringyourownbags"）。3.Whydoseaturtlesingestplasticaccordingto"PlasticintheOcean"?参考答案：-塑料与食物外观相似；-无法分辨漂浮物；-塑料碎片聚集在食物区域。解析：需结合课文描述（如"误食浮游生物"）。4.Whatarethemainproblemswithrecyclingsingle-useplastics?参考答案：-回收率低（假设65%）；-塑料难以完全降解；-制造过程仍需能源。解析：需引用课文图表和段落（如"energy-intensive"）。5.Howdoesclimatechangeaffectcoralreefs?参考答案：-水温升高导致白化；-海水酸化削弱骨骼；-极端天气破坏结构。解析：需结合课文科学解释（如"bleachingmechanisms"）。6.Whatdoesthezero-wastedayatschooldemonstrate?参考答案：-减少垃圾产生的可能性；-学生参与环保的潜力；-需要持续改进的挑战。解析：需引用课文案例（如"foodwastereduction"）。7.Whyisbanningsingle-useplasticscontroversial?参考答案：-经济影响（就业）；-替代品成本；-执行难度。解析：需结合课文辩论（如"economicconcerns"）。8.Whatshouldstudentsdoiftheywanttoimproverecyclingoncampus?参考答案：-建议增加回收设施；-开展宣传教育；-组织志愿者活动。解析：需引用课文对话（如"morebinsneeded"）。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.CaseStudy:Astudentfindsaplasticbottleonthebeachduringsummervacation.Describethreeactionstheycantaketoaddresstheproblem,basedontheunit'sthemes.参考答案：-拾起瓶子并分类丢弃；-向环保组织报告污染情况；-在学校发起"塑料回收周"活动。解析：需结合课文行动建议（如"reportwaste"），体现个人责任与集体行动。2.Scenario:Arestaurantwantstoreduceitsplasticusebutfearslosingcustomers.Howcanitbalancesustainabilitywithbusinessneeds,usingideasfromtheunit?参考答案：-提供可重复使用的餐具；-推广环保套餐（如无塑料包装）；-宣传环保行为的社会认可度。解析：需引用课文解决方案（如"compostableoptions"），体现商业与环保结合。3.Problem-Solving:Acommunityhaslowrecyclingratesdespitebins.Whatcouldbethereasons,andhowcantheunit'sstrategieshelp?参考答案：-原因：缺乏意识、分类不清；-解决：张贴海报（课文"visualreminders"）、举办培训。解析：需结合课文认知与行为分析（如"educationiskey"）。4.CreativeTask:Writeashortparagraph(50words)suggestingaschoolprojecttoreduceplasticwaste,usingatleasttwoideasfromtheunit.参考答案："Wecanstarta'PlasticPledge'day,wherestudentspromisetoavoidsingle-useplastics.Combinethiswitharecyclingartcontest—turningbottlesintosculptures—showingcreativityandresponsibility."解析：需体现课文行动（如"pledges"）与创意（如"artprojects"）。5.DataAnalysis:Ifaschoolgenerates500kgofwastedaily,andrecyclingimprovesfrom20%to50%,howmuchwasteisreducedweekly?参考答案：-每日减少：500×(50%-20%)=150kg；-每周减少：150×7=1050kg。解析：需结合课文量化分析（如"recyclingimpact"），体现数据应用。6.Role-Play:Imagineyouareajournalistinterviewingalocalrecyclingplantmanager.Whatquestionscanyouaskaboutchallengesandsolutions,usingunitthemes?参考答案：-"Howdoyouhandlecontaminatedplastic?"（课文"contaminationissues"）；-"Whatincentivescanencourageresidentstorecyclemore?"（课文"communityengagement"）。解析：需结合课文问题导向（如"policysupport"），体现行业联系。7.DebatePreparation:Preparetwoargumentsforandagainstbanningplasticbagsinsupermarkets,usingevidencefromtheunit.参考答案：-反对：成本增加（课文"economicimpact"）、替代品不足；-支持：减少污染（课文"environmentaldamage"）、长期效益。解析：需