2025年浙江省部编版初中英语第11单元语法练习题

2025年浙江省部编版初中英语第11单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第11单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextmonth.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时），"lastweek"提示需要过去时态；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时），"yesterdayevening"提示需要过去时态；选项C中"since"连接的从句应使用一般过去时"started"，但主句"havefinished"为现在完成时，时态矛盾；选项D时态正确，"mustnot"表示一般性禁止，与"nextmonth"（将来时间）不冲突。2.根据第11单元语法内容，选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项。A.Thereisabookonthetablewhichbelongtomysister.B.Iboughtsomecoffeeandtwoteaforbreakfastyesterday.C.Hegoestoschoolbybuseverydayexceptweekend.D.ThewomanwithredhatismyEnglishteacher.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"which"前缺少定冠词"the"；选项C中"weekend"前缺少不定冠词"a"（固定搭配"weekend"前通常加a）；选项D中"red"为形容词，"hat"前缺少不定冠词"a"。选项B中"coffee"和"tea"为不可数名词，"some"使用正确，且复数名词前无需冠词。3.根据第11单元语法内容，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Shearrivedatthestationon8o'clockthismorning.B.Thecatissleepingunderthetablesince3PMyesterday.C.Heisinterestedinplaytheguitarandsingsongs.D.Theywillgototheparkat5o'clockonSunday.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"on"应为"at"（具体时间点前用at）；选项B中"since"后应接一般过去时"3PM"而非现在完成时；选项C中"interestedin"后应接动名词"playing"而非动词原形；选项D时态和介词均正确，"at5o'clock"表示具体时间点，"onSunday"表示具体星期。4.根据第11单元语法内容，选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.Isawaboywhoisplayingthepianointhegarden.B.Sheaskedmetobringheragiftbecauseshewanttosurpriseherfriend.C.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.D.Hewenttothelibrarytostudybecausehehasfinishedhishomework.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"who"引导的定语从句中主语"boy"是第三人称单数，谓语应为"isplaying"而非"playing"；选项B中"shewant"应为"shewants"（主语"she"是第三人称单数）；选项D中"because"后从句应使用一般过去时"finished"而非现在完成时；选项C中"which"引导的定语从句中主语"book"是第三人称单数，谓语"is"使用正确。5.根据第11单元语法内容，选择下列句子中宾语从句使用正确的一项。A.MymothersaidthatIgotothesupermarketyesterdayevening.B.Heaskedmewhereisthenearestbusstation.C.Shetoldmethatshewillcallmeaftershefinishherwork.D.Theteachersaidthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextweek.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"that"引导的宾语从句中主语"I"是第一人称，谓语应为"go"而非"goes"；选项B中"where"引导的宾语从句中主句"asked"是一般过去时，从句应使用一般过去时"is"而非"is"（时态不一致）；选项C中"that"引导的宾语从句中主句"told"是一般过去时，从句"willcall"应为一般过去时"called"；选项D时态和结构均正确，"mustnot"表示一般性禁止，与"nextweek"（将来时间）不冲突。6.根据第11单元语法内容，选择下列句子中比较级使用正确的一项。A.ThisbookismoreinterestingthanthatonewhichIboughtlastmonth.B.Sheisthetallestgirlinourclassbecausesheistallerthanallthegirls.C.Hisbrotherisolderthanhimtwoyearsago.D.Thisexerciseismoredifficultthanthatonewedidyesterday.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"thatone"前缺少定冠词"the"；选项B中"tallerthanallthegirls"逻辑错误，比较对象应一致；选项C中"olderthanhimtwoyearsago"应为"olderthanhimbytwoyears"或"olderthanhimbytwoyearsago"；选项D时态和结构均正确，"moredifficult"与"wedidyesterday"形成合理比较。7.根据第11单元语法内容，选择下列句子中虚拟语气使用正确的一项。A.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotothepartylastnight.B.Shesaidthatshecouldpasstheexamifshestudyhard.C.Hewouldhavefinishedhishomeworkifhehadmoretimeyesterday.D.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,wewouldgotothebeach.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"were"使用正确，但主句"wouldgo"应为一般现在时"wouldgo"（与过去事实相反）；选项B中"couldpass"应为"couldpass"（与现在事实相反）；选项C时态和结构均正确，"hadmoretime"表示与过去事实相反的假设；选项D中"were"使用正确，但主句"wouldgo"应为一般现在时"wouldgo"（与将来事实相反）。8.根据第11单元语法内容，选择下列句子中定语从句使用正确的一项。A.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister.B.Iboughtabookwhichisveryinterestingyesterday.C.Themanthatlivesnextdoorisadoctor.D.Sheisthestudentwhostudyhardinourclass.参考答案：A解析：选项A中"who"引导的定语从句中主语"girl"是第三人称单数，谓语"iswearing"使用正确；选项B中"which"引导的定语从句中主句"bought"是一般过去时，从句应使用一般过去时"wasinteresting"而非"isinteresting"；选项C中"that"引导的定语从句中主语"man"是第三人称单数，谓语"is"应为"is"而非"lives"；选项D中"who"引导的定语从句中主句"study"应为"studies"（主语"student"是第三人称单数）。9.根据第11单元语法内容，选择下列句子中情态动词使用正确的一项。A.YoumusttofinishyourhomeworkbeforeyoucanwatchTV.B.Shemaynotgotothepartybecauseshefeelsick.C.Wecouldgotothelibraryifwehavetimetomorrow.D.Heshouldnoteattoomuchjunkfoodbecauseitisbadforyourhealth.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"mustto"应为"must"（情态动词后直接跟动词原形）；选项B中"maynot"使用正确，但"feel"应为"feels"（主语"she"是第三人称单数）；选项C中"couldgo"应为"couldgo"（与将来事实相反）；选项D时态和结构均正确，"shouldnot"表示建议，"isbad"使用正确。10.根据第11单元语法内容，选择下列句子中时态使用正确的一项。A.Mybrotherhasbeenplayingbasketballsincehewas10yearsold.B.Shewillcallmewhenshefinishherworkthisafternoon.C.Theywenttothecinemalastnightbecausetheywatchamovie.D.Theteachertoldusthatwewouldnothaveatestnextweek.参考答案：A解析：选项A时态正确，"hasbeenplaying"表示从过去持续到现在的动作；选项B中"finish"应为"finishes"（when引导的时间状语从句中主语"she"是第三人称单数）；选项C中"watch"应为"watched"（一般过去时）；选项D中"wouldnothave"应为"wouldnothave"（与将来事实相反），但主句"told"是一般过去时，从句应使用一般过去时"had"。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mysister______(go)tothesupermarketyesterdayevening,butshe______(notsee)anyone.参考答案：went,didn'tsee解析：根据"yesterdayevening"使用一般过去时"went"；根据"but"表示否定，使用"didn'tsee"。2.IfI______(have)moretimetomorrow,I______(study)Englishfortwohours.参考答案：had,wouldstudy解析：虚拟语气条件句用"had"，主句用"would+动词原形"。3.Theboy______(play)basketballinthegardenwhentheteacher______(come)homelastnight.参考答案：wasplaying,came解析：when引导的时间状语从句中主语"theteacher"是第三人称单数，用一般过去时"came"；主句用过去进行时"wasplaying"。4.Sheaskedme______(bring)heragiftbecauseshe______(want)tosurpriseherfriend.参考答案：tobring,wanted解析："asksbtodosth"结构，"want"是一般过去时。5.ThebookwhichI______(buy)yesterday______(be)veryinteresting.参考答案：bought,was解析：which引导的定语从句中主语"thebook"是第三人称单数，用一般过去时"bought"；主句用一般过去时"was"。6.Ifit______(notrain)tomorrow,we______(go)tothebeach.参考答案：doesn'train,willgo解析：虚拟语气条件句用一般现在时"doesn'train"，主句用"will+动词原形"。7.Mybrother______(live)nextdoorsincehe______(be)achild.参考答案：lives,hasbeen解析："since"连接的从句用一般过去时"was"，主句用现在完成时"hasbeenliving"。8.Shetoldmethatshe______(finish)herhomeworkbeforeshe______(go)tobedlastnight.参考答案：hadfinished,went解析："before"引导的从句用一般过去时"went"，主句用过去完成时"hadfinished"。9.Thegirlwho______(wear)abluedressismysister.参考答案：iswearing解析：who引导的定语从句中主语"thegirl"是第三人称单数，用一般现在时"iswearing"。10.We______(notgo)tothepartyifwe______(have)nomoneytomorrow.参考答案：won'tgo,have解析：if引导的条件句用一般现在时"have"，主句用"won't+动词原形"。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1."Shegoestothelibraryeveryday."改为一般过去时是"Shegotothelibraryyesterday."（×）解析：一般过去时第三人称单数主语"she"后应为"goes"而非"go"。2."Iamplayingbasketballnow."改为现在完成时是"Ihaveplayedbasketballnow."（×）解析：现在完成时结构为"have/has+过去分词"，"now"前应为"haveplayed"而非"haveplayednow"。3."Hewillcallmetomorrow."改为虚拟语气（与将来事实相反）是"Hewouldcallmetomorrow."（√）解析：虚拟语气与将来事实相反时，条件句用"would+动词原形"。4."Theboywhoisplayingfootballismybrother."中"who"是关系代词，指代"Theboy"（√）解析：关系代词"who"在从句中作主语，指代"theboy"。5."IfIwereyou,Iwouldgototheparty."表示与现在事实相反（×）解析：此句表示与现在事实相反，但"were"是过去式，实际表示与过去事实相反。6."ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting."中"which"是关系代词，指代"Thebook"（√）解析：关系代词"which"在从句中作主语，指代"thebook"。7."Shetoldmethatshewouldfinishherhomework."中"would"表示过去将来时（√）解析："told"是一般过去时，从句中"would+动词原形"表示过去对将来的预测。8."Thegirlwholivesnextdoorismysister."中"who"是关系代词，指代"Thegirl"（√）解析：关系代词"who"在从句中作主语，指代"thegirl"。9."Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothebeach."改为否定形式是"Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,wewon'tgotothebeach."（√）解析：条件句否定时用"doesn'train"，主句否定时用"won'tgo"。10."Hehasfinishedhishomework."改为一般过去时是"Hefinishedhishomework."（√）解析：现在完成时"hasfinished"改为一般过去时"finished"正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.简述一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。参考答案：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态，与现在无关；现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响或结果，常与"for/since"等时间状语连用。例如："Hewenttothelibraryyesterday."（一般过去时）vs"Hehasgonetothelibrary,soheisnotherenow."（现在完成时）。2.虚拟语气中，与现在事实相反的条件句如何构成？参考答案：主句用"would+动词原形"，条件句用"主语+动词原形/be动词过去式"。例如："IfIhadmoneynow,Iwouldbuyacar."（与现在事实相反）。3.定语从句中关系代词"who/which/that"的区别是什么？参考答案："who"指人，作主语或宾语；"which"指物或地方，作主语或宾语；"that"可指人也可指物，但作宾语时可用"which"替代。例如："Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister."（指人）vs"ThebookwhichIboughtisinteresting."（指物）。4.情态动词"must/may/could"的用法区别是什么？参考答案："must"表示必须或肯定推测；"may"表示可能或允许；"could"表示过去能力或委婉请求。例如："Youmustfinishyourhomework."（必须）vs"Hemaybelate."（可能）vs"Couldyouhelpme?"（委婉请求）。5.一般现在时和一般过去时的主要区别是什么？参考答案：一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性动作，或客观事实；一般过去时表示过去发生的具体动作或状态。例如："Hegoestoschooleveryday."（一般现在时）vs"Hewenttoschoolyesterday."（一般过去时）。6.简述宾语从句的引导词及其用法。参考答案：引导词有"that/whether/if/wh-"疑问词（when/where/why/how）。例如："Shesaidthatshewouldcome."（that引导）vs"HeaskedwhereIlived."（when引导）。7.虚拟语气中，与过去事实相反的条件句如何构成？参考答案：主句用"wouldhave+过去分词"，条件句用"主语+had+过去分词"。例如："IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam."（与过去事实相反）。8.简述比较级和最高级的构成规则。参考答案：比较级在单音节词后加"-er"，多音节词前加"more"；最高级在单音节词后加"-est"，多音节词前加"most"。例如："Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone."（比较级）vs"Thisisthemostinterestingbook."（最高级）。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.将下列句子改为一般过去时。a.Shegoestothelibraryeveryday.参考答案：Shewenttothelibraryeveryday.b.Theyplaybasketballafterschool.参考答案：Theyplayedbasketballafterschool.c.Hereadsbookseverynight.参考答案：Hereadbookseverynight.d.WewatchTVintheevening.参考答案：WewatchedTVintheevening.2.将下列句子改为现在完成时。a.Hefinishedhishomeworkyesterday.参考答案：Hehasfinishedhishomework.b.Shewenttothesupermarketlastnight.参考答案：Shehasgonetothesupermarket.c.Theyplayedfootballafterschool.参考答案：Theyhaveplayedfootball.d.Iwatchedamovielastweekend.参考答案：Ihavewatchedamovie.3.将下列句子改为虚拟语气（与现在事实相反）。a.Sheissick.参考答案：Ifshewerenotsick,shewouldgotoschool.b.Heistootired.参考答案：Ifhewerenottootired,hewouldplaybasketball.c.Theyarelate.参考答案：Iftheywerenotlate,theywouldcatchthebus.d.Itisraining.参考答案：Ifitwerenotraining,wewouldgotothepark.4.将下列句子改为虚拟语气（与过去事实相反）。a.Hemissedthebusyesterday.参考答案：Ifhehadcaughtthebusyesterday,hewouldnotbelate.b.Shedidn'tstudyfortheexam.参考答案：Ifshehadstudiedfortheexam,shewouldhavepassed.c.Theylostthegamelastnight.参考答案：Iftheyhadwonthegamelastnight,theywouldbehappy.d.Ididn'thavemoneylastmonth.参考答案：IfIhadhadmoneylastmonth,Iwouldhaveboughtabook.5.将下列句子改为一般疑问句。a.Shegoestothelibraryeveryday.参考答案：Doesshegotothelibraryeveryday?b.Theyplaybasketballafterschool.参考答案：Dotheyplaybasketballafterschool?c.Hereadsbookseverynight.参考答案：Doeshereadbookseverynight?d.WewatchTVintheevening.参考答案：DowewatchTVintheevening?6.将下列句子改为特殊疑问句。a.Shegoestothelibraryeveryday.参考答案：Wheredoesshegoeveryday?b.Theyplaybasketballafterschool.参考答案：Whatdotheydoafterschool?c.Hereadsbookseverynight.参考答案：Whatdoeshedoeverynight?d.WewatchTVintheevening.参考答案：Whatdowedointheevening?7.将下列句子改为定语从句。a.Thegirlismysister.参考答案：Thegirlwhoismysisterismysister.b.Thebookisinteresting.参考答案：Thebookwhichisinterestingisveryinteresting.c.Themanisadoctor.参考答案：Themanwhoisadoctorismyuncle.d.Thehouseisbig.参考答案：Thehousewhichisbigisexpensive.8.将下列句子改为宾语从句。a.ShesaidIgotothelibraryeveryday.参考答案：ShesaidthatIwenttothelibraryeveryday.b.HeaskedIfinishmyhomework.参考答案：HeaskedifIhadfinishedmyhomework.c.Shetoldmethebookisinteresting.参考答案：Shetoldmethatthebookwasinteresting.d.Hesaiditraintomorrow.参考答案：Hesaidthatitwouldraintomorrow.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D解析：A项"need"应为"needed"；B项"call"应为"called"；C项时态矛盾；D项时态正确。2.B解析：A项缺少"the"；C项"weekend"前缺"a"；D项"red"前缺"a"。3.D解析：A项"on"应为"at"；B项"since"后应接一般过去时；C项"interestedin"后接动名词；D项时态和介词均正确。4.C解析：A项"who"引导的定语从句中主语"boy"是第三人称单数，谓语应为"isplaying"；B项"she"是第三人称单数，谓语应为"wants"；D项主句"hasfinished"为现在完成时，时态矛盾。5.D解析：A项"that"前缺"the"；B项"where"引导的宾语从句中主句"asked"是一般过去时，从句应使用一般过去时"is"而非"is"；C项"that"引导的宾语从句中主句"told"是一般过去时，从句"willcall"应为一般过去时"called"；D项时态和结构均正确。6.D解析：A项"thatone"前缺"the"；B项比较对象不一致；C项"olderthanhimtwoyearsago"应为"olderthanhimbytwoyearsago"；D项时态和结构均正确。7.C解析：A项主句"wouldgo"应为一般现在时"wouldgo"；B项"couldpass"应为"couldpass"；C项时态和结构均正确；D项主句"wouldnothave"应为一般过去时"wouldnothave"。8.A解析：A项时态和结构均正确；B项"which"引导的定语从句中主句"bought"是一般过去时，从句应使用一般过去时"wasinteresting"而非"isinteresting"；C项"that"引导的定语从句中主语"man"是第三人称单数，谓语应为"is"而非"lives"；D项"who"引导的定语从句中主句"study"应为"studies"。9.D解析：A项"mustto"应为"must"；B项"maynot"使用正确，但"feel"应为"feels"；C项"couldgo"应为"couldgo"；D项时态和结构均正确。10.A解析：A项时态正确，"hasbeenplaying"表示从过去持续到现在的动作；B项"finish"应为"finishes"；C项"watch"应为"watched"；D项主句"told"是一般过去时，从句应使用一般过去时"had"。二、填空题1.went,didn'tsee解析：根据"yesterdayevening"使用一般过去时"went"；根据"but"表示否定，使用"didn'tsee"。2.had,wouldstudy解析：虚拟语气条件句用"had"，主句用"would+动词原形"。3.wasplaying,came解析：when引导的时间状语从句中主语"theteacher"是第三人称单数，用一般过去时"came"；主句用过去进行时"wasplaying"。4.tobring,wanted解析："asksbtodosth"结构，"want"是一般过去时。5.bought,was解析：which引导的定语从句中主语"thebook"是第三人称单数，用一般过去时"bought"；主句用一般过去时"was"。6.doesn'train,willgo解析：虚拟语气条件句用一般现在时"doesn'train"，主句用"will+动词原形"。7.lives,hasbeen解析："since"连接的从句用一般过去时"was"，主句用现在完成时"hasbeenliving"。8.hadfinished,went解析："before"引导的从句用一般过去时"went"，主句用过去完成时"hadfinished"。9.iswearing解析：who引导的定语从句中主语"thegirl"是第三人称单数，用一般现在时"iswearing"。10.won'tgo,have解析：if引导的条件句用一般现在时"have"，主句用"won't+动词原形"。三、判断题1.×解析：一般过去时第三人称单数主语"she"后应为"goes"而非"go"。2.×解析：现在完成时结构为"have/has+过去分词"，"now"前应为"haveplayed"而非"haveplayednow"。3.√解析：虚拟语气与将来事实相反时，条件句用"would+动词原形"。4.√解析：关系代词"who"在从句中作主语，指代"theboy"。5.×解析：此句表示与现在事实相反，但"were"是过去式，实际表示与过去事实相反。6.√解析：关系代词"which"在从句中作主语，指代"thebook"。7.√解析："told"是一般过去时，从句中"would+动词原形"表示过去对将来的预测。8.√解析：关系代词"who"在从句中作主语，指代"thegirl"。9.√解析：条件句否定时用"doesn'train"，主句否定时用"won'tgo"。10.√解析：现在完成时"hasfinished"改为一般过去时"finished"正确。四、简答题1.一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态，与现在无关；现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响或结果，常与"for/since"等时间状语连用。例如："Hewenttothelibraryyesterday."（一般过去时）vs"Hehasgonetothelibrary,soheisnotherenow."（现在完成时）。2.虚拟语气中，与现在事实相反的条件句主句用"would+动词原形"，条件句用"主语+动词原形/be动词过去式"。例如："IfIhadmoneynow,Iwouldbuyacar."（与现在事实相反）。3."who"指人，作主语或宾语；"which"指物或地方，作主语或宾语；"that"可指人也可指物，但作宾语时可用"which"替代。例如："Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister."（指人）vs"ThebookwhichIboughtisinteresting."（指物）。4."must"表示必须或肯定推测；"may"表示可能或允许；"could"表示过去能力或委婉请求。例如："Youmustfinishyourhomework."（必须）vs"Hemaybelate."（可能）vs"Couldyouhelpme?"（委婉请求）。5.一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性动作，或客观事实；一般过去时表示过去发生的具体动作或状态。例如："Hegoestoschooleveryday."（一般现在时）vs"Hewenttoschoolyesterday."（一般过去时）。6.宾语从句的引导词有"that/whether/if/wh-"疑问词（when/where/why/how）。例如："Shesaidthatshewouldcome."（that引导）vs"HeaskedwhereIlived."（when引导）。7.虚拟语气中，与过去事实相反的条件句主句用"wouldhave+过去分词"，条件句用"主语+had+过去分词"。例如："IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepass