2026年江西省人教版初中英语下册第4单元语法练习题

2026年江西省人教版初中英语下册第4单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第4单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.TheteachertoldusthatthestudentswillgotothemuseumnextSunday.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时）；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时）；选项C中"since"引导的时间状语从句应使用一般过去时，主句"havefinished"时态错误；选项D时态搭配正确，"told"（过去时）与"willgo"（将来时）符合间接引语规则。2.下列句子中冠词使用错误的是哪一项？A.Thereisabookonthedeskwhichbelongtomysister.B.Iboughtanappleandabananaatthesupermarketyesterday.C.Canyoushowmethephotothatwetookduringthetriplastmonth?D.Sheisastudentwhostudyhardeveryday.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"belongto"前无需冠词；选项B中"apple"和"banana"为可数名词复数，前需不定冠词；选项C中"thephoto"特指照片；选项D中"study"前缺少不定冠词"a"。3.根据第4单元语法规则，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.HearrivedatschoolontimelastTuesday.B.Thecatissleepingunderthetablefortwohours.C.Sheisinterestedinplayingthepianosinceshewasachild.D.Theywenttotheparkbyfootyesterdayafternoon.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"atschool"正确，但"ontime"无需介词；选项B中"fortwohours"应改为"fortwohours"（表示持续）；选项C中"interestedin"搭配正确；选项D中"byfoot"应改为"onfoot"。4.下列句子中非谓语动词使用错误的是哪一项？A.Isawaboywhoisplayingfootballintheplaygroundnow.B.Sheaskedmetoopenthewindowbecauseitwastoohot.C.Thebookwhichwaswrittenbyhimisveryinteresting.D.Theydecidedtostayathomeandwatchamovieinsteadofgoout.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"whoisplaying"为定语从句；选项B中"toopen"不定式作宾语补足语；选项C中"whichwaswritten"为定语从句；选项D中"togoout"前缺少助动词"to"。5.根据第4单元语法内容，选择下列句子中代词使用正确的一项。A.ThisisagiftwhichmysisterandImadeforourteacherlastChristmas.B.Hetoldmethatheandhisfriendswillgotothecinematomorrow.C.Thestudentsshouldbringtheirhomeworkwhichtheyfinishedathomeyesterday.D.Shesaidthatshedon’tunderstandtheproblembecauseitistoodifficult.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"which"应改为"that"（指物）；选项B中"heandhisfriends"人称代词主格正确；选项C中"theirhomework"前无需代词；选项D中"don’t"应为"doesn’t"（第三人称单数）。6.根据第4单元语法规则，选择下列句子中时态使用正确的一项。A.Myfatherwillcallmewhenhearriveatthestationtomorrow.B.ShehasbeentoLondontwicealthoughsheneverbeentherebefore.C.TheywerewatchingTVwhenthephoneringlastnight.D.Wewenttothezoolastweekendandwestillrememberitclearly.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"arrive"应为"arrives"（一般现在时）；选项B中"neverbeen"现在完成时正确；选项C中"ring"应为"rang"（一般过去时）；选项D中"went"与"remember"时态矛盾。7.下列句子中形容词最高级使用错误的是哪一项？A.ThisisthemostbeautifulflowerIhaveeverseen.B.Sheistallerthananyothergirlinherclass.C.Heisthemostintelligentstudentinourschoolthisyear.D.Yourbrotheristhetallestamongthethreebrothers.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"mostbeautiful"最高级正确；选项B中"tallerthananyother"比较级正确；选项C中"mostintelligent"应为"mostintelligent"（最高级前无需定冠词）；选项D中"tallestamong"最高级正确。8.根据第4单元语法内容，选择下列句子中连词使用正确的一项。A.Sheissmartandshestudyhardeveryday.B.Althoughitwasraining,theywentoutforawalk.C.Hedidn’tgotothepartybecausehewastootiredorhemissedhistrain.D.Theteachertoldusthatweshouldreviewourlessonssowecanpasstheexam.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"and"连接两个独立分句需加"but"或用句号；选项B中"Although"引导让步状语从句正确；选项C中"because"与"or"逻辑矛盾；选项D中"so"前需加"and"。9.下列句子中固定搭配使用错误的是哪一项？A.Sheisinterestedinplayingthepianoandshepracticeeveryday.B.Heisgoodatswimmingandhewonthecompetitionlastyear.C.Theydecidedtostayathomeandwatchamovieinsteadofgoout.D.Theteacheraskedustofinishourhomeworkbeforewegotobed.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"practice"动词形式正确；选项B中"goodat"搭配正确；选项C中"goout"前缺少助动词"to"；选项D中"before"引导时间状语从句时态正确。10.根据第4单元语法内容，选择下列句子中宾语从句使用正确的一项。A.MymotheraskedmeifIgotothesupermarketafterschoolyesterday.B.HesaidthathewasborninShanghaiin2010.C.Theteachertoldusthatwemustbringourtextbookstoclasstomorrow.D.Sheaskedmewhethermysisterisastudentorateacher.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"if"引导宾语从句需用一般过去时；选项B中"that"引导宾语从句时态正确；选项C中"mustbring"应为"mustbring"（情态动词后跟动词原形）；选项D中"whether"引导宾语从句需用一般现在时。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mybrother______(go)tothelibraryeverySundaybecausehe______(like)readingbooks.2.She______(be)bornin2008,soshe______(be)18yearsoldthisyear.3.Thestudents______(study)Englishfortwohourswhentheteacher______(come)intotheclassroomyesterday.4.I______(notsee)myfriendlastweekendbecausehe______(go)toadistantcityforatrip.5.Thisisthe______(difficult)bookIhaveeverread,butitisvery______(interest).6.They______(notfinish)theirhomeworkyet,sothey______(have)tostayatschoolforextratime.7.Mysister______(live)inBeijingsinceshewasachild,butshe______(want)tomovetoShanghainextyear.8.Althoughit______(rain)heavily,they______(decide)togohiking.9.Heisthe______(young)studentinourclass,butheisvery______(intelligent).10.Theteacheraskedus______(review)ourlessonsbeforetheexam,andwe______(do)so.参考答案：11.goes,likes12.was,is13.werestudying,came14.didn’tsee,hadgone15.mostdifficult,interesting16.haven’tfinished,have17.haslived,wants18.wasraining,decided19.youngest,mostintelligent20.toreview,did解析：21."go"一般现在时第三人称单数；"like"一般现在时第三人称单数。22."beborn"一般过去时；"be"一般现在时第三人称单数。23."study"过去进行时；"come"一般过去时。24."notsee"一般过去时否定形式；"hadgone"过去完成时。25."mostdifficult"最高级前加"the"；"interest"形容词形式。26."notfinish"现在完成时否定形式；"have"一般现在时。27."live"现在完成时；"want"一般现在时。28."rain"过去进行时；"decide"一般过去时。29."youngest"最高级前加"the"；"intelligent"形容词最高级。30."review"不定式作宾语补足语；"did"一般过去时。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Sheisinterestedinplayingthepiano,soshepracticeseveryday.（正确）2.ThestudentswerewatchingTVwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.（正确）3.Hesaidthathewillgotothecinematomorrow.（错误，应为"hesaidthathewouldgo"）4.ThisisthefirsttimeIhaveeverseensuchabeautifulflower.（正确）5.Althoughitwasraining,theydidn’tgooutforawalk.（错误，"didn’tgo"与"although"矛盾）6.SheaskedmeifIwenttothesupermarketafterschoolyesterday.（错误，应为"ifIhadgone"）7.Heistallerthananyboyinhisclass.（正确）8.Theteachertoldusthatwemustfinishourhomeworkbeforewegotobed.（正确）9.ThisisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverread.（正确）10.MybrotherhasbeentoLondontwicealthoughheneverbeentherebefore.（错误，应为"neverhasbeen"）参考答案：1-5错对错错对，6-10错对对对错解析：11."interestedin"与"practices"时态搭配正确。12."werewatching"过去进行时；"came"一般过去时，时态逻辑正确。13.直接引语"willgo"应改为间接引语"wouldgo"。14."firsttime"与现在完成时搭配正确。15."didn’tgo"与"although"逻辑矛盾，应为"went"。16."if"引导宾语从句需用过去完成时。17."tallerthananyotherboy"比较级正确。18."mustfinish"与"before"时间状语从句搭配正确。19."mostinteresting"最高级正确。20."neverhasbeen"现在完成时否定形式。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.解释第4单元中"beinterestedindoingsth"的用法和意义。2.比较一般过去时与现在完成时的区别，并举例说明。3.说明"insteadof"的用法和意义，并举例说明。4.解释"so...that..."句型的用法和意义，并举例说明。5.说明"whether...or..."的用法和意义，并举例说明。6.解释"the+比较级...,the+比较级..."句型的用法和意义，并举例说明。7.说明"too...to..."句型的用法和意义，并举例说明。8.解释"宾语从句"的定义和引导词，并举例说明。参考答案：9."beinterestedindoingsth"表示对做某事感兴趣，"sth"必须用动名词形式。例如：Sheisinterestedinplayingthepiano.10.一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态，现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。例如：Hewenttothelibraryyesterday.（一般过去时）；Hehasreadthebook.（现在完成时）。11."insteadof"表示替代，连接两个名词或动词短语。例如：Shedecidedtostayathomeinsteadofgoout.12."so...that..."表示因果关系，"so"引导主句，"that"引导结果状语从句。例如：Hewassotiredthathefellasleep.13."whether...or..."表示选择关系，连接两个名词或动词短语。例如：Youcantakethebusorwalk.14."the+比较级...,the+比较级..."表示越...越...。例如：Themoreyoustudy,thebetteryouwilldo.15."too...to..."表示太...以至于不能...。例如：Sheistootiredtowalk.16."宾语从句"是充当动词宾语的从句，引导词有"that"、"if/whether"、"wh-"疑问词等。例如：Shesaidthatshewastired.解析：17."interestedin"后必须跟动名词，不能跟不定式。18.一般过去时强调动作发生时间，现在完成时强调对现在的影响。19."insteadof"连接两个平行成分，不能连接句子。20."so...that..."结构中"so"后常跟形容词或副词。21."whether...or..."表示选择，"whether"和"if"不能同时使用。22."the+比较级..."结构中两个"the"必须一致。23."too...to..."结构中"too"后必须跟形容词或副词。24.宾语从句需用陈述语序，且时态受主句影响。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.用所给词的适当形式填空。Mysister______(live)inShanghaisinceshewas10yearsold.Lastweekshe______(go)toBeijingforavisit.She______(see)manyfamousplacesand______(meet)someoldfriends.She______(be)veryhappybecauseshe______(notvisit)Beijingfortenyears.参考答案：lives,went,saw,met,was,hasn’tvisited解析：根据时间状语"since"和"lastweek"使用一般现在时和一般过去时；"see"和"meet"一般过去时；"behappy"一般过去时；"notvisit"现在完成时否定形式。2.用所给词的适当形式填空。Theteacheraskedus______(review)ourlessonsbeforetheexam.We______(review)themfortwohoursand______(finish)thematlast.Theteacherwasveryhappyand______(tell)usthatwewouldpasstheexameasily.参考答案：toreview,reviewed,finished,told解析："asked"后跟不定式作宾语补足语；"reviewed"一般过去时；"finished"一般过去时；"told"一般过去时。3.用所给词的适当形式填空。Thisisthe______(difficult)bookIhaveeverread,butitisvery______(interest).I______(read)itforthreedaysandI______(notfinish)ityet.参考答案：mostdifficult,interesting,haveread,haven’tfinished解析："mostdifficult"最高级前加"the"；"interesting"形容词形式；"haveread"现在完成时；"haven’tfinished"现在完成时否定形式。4.用所给词的适当形式填空。She______(be)astudentsinceshewas12yearsold.Lastyearshe______(win)ascholarshipand______(go)toafamousuniversity.She______(study)hardeverydayandshe______(hope)tobecomeadoctorinthefuture.参考答案：hasbeen,won,went,studies,hopes解析："since"使用现在完成时；"won"一般过去时；"went"一般过去时；"studies"一般现在时；"hopes"一般现在时。5.用所给词的适当形式填空。Thestudents______(study)Englishfortwohourswhentheteacher______(come)intotheclassroom.They______(discuss)adifficultproblemandthey______(notsolve)ityet.参考答案：werestudying,came,werediscussing,haven’tsolved解析："study"过去进行时；"come"一般过去时；"discuss"过去进行时；"haven’tsolved"现在完成时否定形式。6.用所给词的适当形式填空。He______(notsee)hisfriendforthreeyears.Lastweekthey______(meet)inthesupermarketandthey______(be)veryhappy.They______(decide)tomeetagainnextmonth.参考答案：hasn’tseen,met,were,decided解析："notsee"现在完成时否定形式；"met"一般过去时；"werehappy"一般过去时；"decided"一般过去时。7.用所给词的适当形式填空。Thisisthe______(good)movieIhaveeverwatched.It______(be)veryinterestingandit______(make)melaughalot.I______(watch)ittwiceandI______(enjoy)itverymuch.参考答案：best,was,made,havewatched,haveenjoyed解析："best"最高级前加"the"；"be"一般过去时；"made"一般过去时；"havewatched"现在完成时；"haveenjoyed"现在完成时。8.用所给词的适当形式填空。She______(live)inthiscitysinceshewasborn.Lastyearshe______(move)toanewapartment.She______(like)thenewapartmentbecauseit______(be)biggerandmorecomfortable.参考答案：haslived,moved,likes,is解析："sinceshewasborn"现在完成时；"moved"一般过去时；"likes"一般现在时；"is"一般现在时。答案及解析：9.lives,went,saw,met,was,hasn’tvisited解析：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般过去时、一般过去时、一般过去时、现在完成时否定形式。10.toreview,reviewed,finished,told解析：不定式作宾语补足语、一般过去时、一般过去时、一般过去时。11.mostdifficult,interesting,haveread,haven’tfinished解析：最高级前加"the"、形容词形式、现在完成时、现在完成时否定形式。12.hasbeen,won,went,studies,hopes解析：现在完成时、一般过去时、一般过去时、一般现在时、一般现在时。13.werestudying,came,werediscussing,haven’tsolved解析：过去进行时、一般过去时、过去进行时、现在完成时否定形式。14.hasn’tseen,met,were,decided解析：现在完成时否定形式、一般过去时、一般过去时、一般过去时。15.best,was,made,havewatched,haveenjoyed解析：最高级前加"the"、一般过去时、一般过去时、现在完成时、现在完成时。16.haslived,moved,likes,is解析：现在完成时、一般过去时、一般现在时、一般现在时。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D解析：时态搭配正确，间接引语中将来时态不变。2.D解析："study"前缺少不定冠词"a"。3.C解析："interestedin"搭配正确，动名词形式。4.D解析："togoout"前缺少助动词"to"。5.B解析："heandhisfriends"主格形式正确。6.B解析："hasbeento"现在完成时正确。7.C解析："mostintelligent"最高级前无需定冠词。8.B解析："Although"引导让步状语从句正确。9.C解析："goout"前缺少助动词"to"。10.B解析："that"引导宾语从句时态正确。二、填空题1.goes,likes解析：一般现在时第三人称单数。2.was,is解析：一般过去时与一般现在时。3.werestudying,came解析：过去进行时与一般过去时。4.didn’tsee,hadgone解析：一般过去时否定形式与过去完成时。5.mostdifficult,interesting解析：最高级前加"the"，形容词形式。6.haven’tfinished,have解析：现在完成时否定形式与一般现在时。7.haslived,wants解析：现在完成时与一般现在时。8.wasraining,decided解析：过去进行时与一般过去时。9.youngest,mostintelligent解析：最高级前加"the"，形容词最高级。10.toreview,did解析：不定式作宾语补足语，一般过去时。三、判断题1.错解析："interestedin"后需跟动名词。2.对解析：时态逻辑正确。3.错解析：间接引语时态应改为"wouldgo"。4.对解析：现在完成时正确。5.错解析："didn’tgo"与"although"矛盾。6.错解析："if"引导宾语从句需用过去完成时。7.对解析：比较级正确。8.对解析：时态搭配正确。9.对解析：最高级正确。10.错解析："neverhasbeen"现在完成时否定形式。四、简答题1."beinterestedindoingsth"表示对做某事感兴趣，"sth"必须用动名词形式。例如：Sheisinterestedinplayingthepiano.解析：结构为"be+形容词+动名词"，"sth"指代动作。2.一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态，现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。例如：Hewenttothelibraryyesterday.（一般过去时）；Hehasreadthebook.（现在完成时）。解析：一般过去时强调时间，现在完成时强调影响。3."insteadof"表示替代，连接两个名词或动词短语。例如：Shedecidedtostayathomeinsteadofgoout.解析：结构为"insteadof+名词/动词短语"，表示选择。4."so...that..."表示因果关系，"so"引导主句，"that"引导结果状语从句。例如：Hewassotiredthathefellasleep.解析："so"后常跟形容词或副词，"that"从句表示结果。5."whether...or..."表示选择关系，连接两个名词或动词短语。例如：Youcantakethebusorwalk.解析：引导选择状语从句，"whether"和"if"不能同时使用。6."the+比较级...,the+比较级..."表示越...越...。例如：Themoreyoustudy,thebetteryouwilldo.解析：结构中两个"the"必须一致，表示递进关系。7."too...to..."表示太...以至于不能...。例如：Sheistootiredtowalk.解析："too"后必须跟形容词或副词，"to"后跟动词原形。8."宾语从句"是充当动词宾语的从句，引导词有"that"、"if/whether"、"wh-"疑问词等。例如：Shesaidthatshewastired.解析：时态受主句影响，需用陈述语序。五、应用题1.MysisterlivesinShanghaisinceshewas10yearsold.LastweekshewenttoBeijingforavisit.Shesawmanyfamou