专题11 名词形容词副词及代词（10年汇编）2017-2026年高考英语真题分类汇编

高考真题分类解析PAGE试卷第=1页，共=sectionpages33页PAGE1专题11名词，形容词，副词及代词考点分类十年考情（2017-2026）命题规律考点01名词（有提示词变形）每年每套全国卷必考1–2空，十年累计30道真题；覆盖2017–2026一卷/二卷/三卷；核心两类考法：①词性转换（v./adj.→n.）；②名词单复数变形；少量名词作定语、名词所有格词性转换高频：动词/形容词变抽象名词（absent→absence、guide→guidance、arrive→arrival），靠冠词the、物主代词、介词of判断需填名词；2.单复数判断有固定标志：several/all/plentyof/are后用复数；a/an后用单数；表一类物品、族群、身体部位常用复数；3.语境化熟词活用：favourite作名词“喜爱之物”、engineer变形engineering作定语；4.语篇主题多元：民俗、熊猫保护、园林、运动、农业、航天等生活化/文化类文本考点02形容词（有提示词变形）2017–2026全卷每年1题，十年共21道；一卷、二卷、三卷均匀分布；多位于定语、系动词后表语、比较级/最高级结构主流转换：n./v.→adj.（function→functional、tradition→traditional）；比较级必考标志than，最高级有the/ofall限定；3.固定搭配专用形容词：becareful、feelsleepy；4.名词前作定语为核心场景，修饰人/事物特征；5.后缀规律：-ful/-al/-ic/-ous为主，极少生僻后缀考点03副词（有提示词变形）十年全卷稳定每年1空，共16道；2020年后考查频次小幅提升，常与形容词成对考查核心考法：形容词直接+ly变副词修饰动词、形容词、整句；特殊变形：-ic结尾形容词变副词加ally（digital→digitally）；3.位置灵活：句首评注性状语、动词前/后修饰、并列结构共用副词；4.标志清晰：空格修饰谓语动词、形容词、分词，必填副词；5.高频词：eventually、accidentally、undoubtedly、extremely考点04代词（有提示词变形）2017–2026间断考查，年均0–1题，共6道；仅语法填空提示词给出人称代词原形变形1.三大变形方向：反身代词myself；形容词性物主代词their；名词性物主代词mine；2.固定搭配giveitatry、findthemalive；3.解题标志：空格后有名词用形物代；无名词单独使用名物代；主语宾语一致用反身代词；4.难度偏低，属于基础送分题型，无复杂语境干扰一．名词1.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）ItisalsocommonforthemtobeheldduringtraditionalChineseholidayssuchastheSpringFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestival,aswellasotherlocalfestivals.Theexactdatesand57_____________(frequent)ofdajivaryfromregiontoregion.2.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Astransportationandcommunicationwereunderdevelopedatthattime,itwasverydifficultforhouseholdstoobtaindaily60_____________(necessity).3.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Angela,ataichi57(instruct)withtwenty-eightyearsofexperience,saysthatasuccessfulhouroftaichiisanhourwithnonegativethoughts.“Yourmindandbodygotogether.That’sallthatmatters.”4.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Althoughnotamorningperson,IbeginmylessonwithAngelaandabouttwentyothersataSydneycommunitycentrecourtyardat7am.“Putyour59(foot)parallel(平行),anduseyourdantiantoholdupyourbody,”shesays.5.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）“InaGogame,eachmoveshouldservealong-termgoal.Youtrytoleadtheopponentintoyourtrapandforcethemtofollowyour‘____59____(guide)’tilltheylose,”explainsWangWei,aGoplayeramongthevisitorstotheexhibition.6.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）Thesun-driedclothessmellespeciallypleasantwhereIlive,thankstothe____63____(absent)ofsmogandplentyofbluesky____64____(afternoon)withlotsoffreshair.7.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）Thelatest56(engineer)techniquesareappliedtocreatethisprotectivefunctionalstructurethatisalsobeautiful.8.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）TheseplantsincludedmodernWestern62(favourite)suchasrosemary,lavenderandfennel.ThegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.9.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）TheGlasshousestandsasagreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoutewhichbroughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchofthe65(rich)ofgardeninginEngland.10.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）TangandShakespearewerecontemporariesandbothdiedin1616.Althoughtheycouldneverhavemet,therearecommon___57___(theme)intheirworks,saidPaulEdmondson,headofresearchfortheShakespeareBirthplaceTrust.11.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternational62(visible),saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazedtofindtheconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.12.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe56(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,IhavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableandconfidentspeakingEnglish.AndwhodotheyspeakEnglishwith?13.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）TheytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandtovisitingChinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive___61___(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.14.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）TheGPNP'smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate62（population）andhomesofgiantpandas,andeventuallyachieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.15.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）"Hesavedmy64（son）life,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknowhowtothankhim.”16.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.Whatissobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe57（human）are.17.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwrotetowasAlaskaAirlinesParis.Acompany____64____(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingoverfromplastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.18.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,ChinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspotwhereitcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular64(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),moresothanthefamiliarnearside.19.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）ChineseNewYearisa61(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowerscarriesspecialsignificance.20.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）Filledwith64(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.Whenheaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver.21.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavuthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.22.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting66（compete）towatch，togetherwiththestorybehindit.23.（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67(cause).24.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）Cornuseslesswaterthanriceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.25.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma66(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.26.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）as

amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside

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(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.27.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible61(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoandfromworld.28.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）Later,engineersmanagedtoconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels（隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___69___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.29.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66(educate).30.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）Shehasturneddownseveral67(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegreeinengineeringorarchitecture.二．形容词1.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Beforeheadinghome,theyfilltheirshoppingbagswithfreshfruitandvegetablesfromlocalfarmers,atpricessignificantly65_____________(cheap)thanthosefoundinsupermarkets.2.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Wemoveontotaichipositions,ofwhichthereareforty-twointhestylethatAngelateaches.Today,wewillonlybedoingthefirstnine.Themovementshave62(describe)nameslike“holdingthebowl”and“grabbingthebird’stail.”3.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）Tusaysthatthebalancebetweentheblackandwhitepieces,thebeautyinthe____63____(strategy)placementofthepieces,andtheenergyflowfollowingeachmoveinspiredartiststocreateoilpaintings,sculptures,digitallygeneratedpicturesandsilk-screenprintsfortheexhibition.4.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）IwasbornandraisedinCleveland,OhiointheUnitedStates.Yetnow,IliveinthecountrysideofZhejiang,ChinawithmyChinesehusbandandhisfamily,wherebambooandteabushes(灌木)growwildinthemountains,chickensarealwaysfree-range,and____57____(center)heatingdoesn’texist.5.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）Thelatestengineeringtechniquesareappliedtocreatethisprotective57(function)structurethatisalsobeautiful.6.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,56(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.7.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）SinceJune2017,rightbeforethearrivalofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand57(confidence)speakingEnglish.AndwhodotheyspeakEnglishwith?8.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell58（sleep）whilewatchingTV.9.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the59（hot）thespring!Strange,isn’tit?10.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）Oneday,Isawacommercialforahealth-carecompany.Peopleintheadwereusingplasticstraws（吸管）.Ifoundthecontactinformationofthecompanyandemaileditspresident.Itoldhimhow61(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreeco-friendlyoptions.11.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）BranchesofPlumBlossoms(梅花):The69(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.12.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(画像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir62(fine)work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.13.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare68(high)thantheyactuallyare.14.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）GranddaughterGayleParks,31—whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness—saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid,"Wedon'thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It's70(wonder）.”15.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninterestingcompetitiontowatch，togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany67（tradition）storiesaboutHawaiithatwerehugelypopularwithtourists.（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisestostrengthenyourlegmuscles(肌肉)，avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit’salways69(energy).18.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67(globe)fertilizerconsumption.19.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingatthetopofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe63(loud)ofall.20.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be

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(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,

which

isnotgoodforthehealth.21.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost70(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.三．副词1.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Forthefirst15minutesofmytaichi(太极)class,weremain56(entire)inonespottowarmup.2.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）Tusaysthatthebalancebetweentheblackandwhitepieces,thebeautyinthestrategicplacementofthepieces,andtheenergyflowfollowingeachmoveinspiredartiststocreateoilpaintings,sculptures,____65____(digital)generatedpicturesandsilk-screenprintsfortheexhibition.3.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris____64____(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleftwantingmorenexttime.4.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）So,whataretheylearning?___63___(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelop___64___toseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.5.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）TheGPNP'smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulationsandhomesofgiantpandas,and63（eventual）achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.6.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）Whenhelookeddown,he60（accidental）slippedandfellovertheedge.Hehungonforafewminutesandscreamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.7.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill58（undoubted）helpyougetrefreshed!8.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis62(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,ChinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspotwhereitcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.9.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）Bamboo:Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffices.66(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Bambooplantsareassociatedwithhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.10.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）Asthesmallboatmoved68(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.11.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.12.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,whichsheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave63（final）beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated（提名）hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.13.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining61hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.14.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninterestingcompetitiontowatch，togetherwiththestorybehindit.TheyalsosharedwithusmanytraditionalstoriesaboutHawaiithatwere68（huge）popularwithtourists.15.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）Atastefor