铁道机车运用与维护专业英语（第2版）课件：机车历史

机车历史historyoflocomotive机车作为路上重要交通工具，在长达一个多世纪的时间，其种类已经发展出了蒸汽机车、内燃机车、电力机车。Locomotiveasanimportantmeansoftransportationontheroad,inmorethanacentury,itstypeshavedeveloped

steamlocomotive,internalcombustionlocomotive,electriclocomotive.historyoflocomotive世界机车发展史/Historyofworldlocomotive01中国机车发展史/HistoryofChineselocomotives0203中国机车未来展望/FutureprospectsofChineselocomotives04相关术语/relatedterms世界机车发展史Historyofworldlocomotive01机车发展史/historyoflocomotive1804年，英国人德里维斯克利用瓦特的蒸汽机造出了世界上第一台蒸汽机车，这是一台单一汽缸蒸汽机，能牵引5节车厢，它的时速为5至6公里。In1804,theBritishDriviskusedWatt'ssteamenginetocreatetheworld'sfirststeamlocomotive,whichisasinglecylindersteamengine,canpull5carriages,itsspeedof5to6kilometersperhour.steamlocomotive蒸汽机车“新城堡”号TheNewCastle机车发展史/historyoflocomotive燃油机车1894年，德国研制成功了第一台汽油内燃机车。并将它应用于铁路运输，开创了内燃机车的新纪元。In1894,Germanysuccessfullydevelopedthefirstgasolinediesellocomotive.Anditwasappliedtorailwaytransportation,creatinganeweraofinternalcombustionlocomotive.diesellocomotive内燃机车第一台内燃机车Thefirstdiesellocomotive机车发展史/historyoflocomotive1879年，德国西门子电气公司研制了第一台电力机车。电力机车的优点是功率大、过载能力强、牵引力大、速度快、整备作业时间短、维修量少、运营费用低，而且不会造成空气污染，噪音小。In1879,theGermanSiemenselectriccompanydevelopedthefirstelectriclocomotive.Theadvantagesofelectriclocomotivearelargepower,strongoverloadcapacity,largetraction,fastspeed,shortpreparationtime,lessmaintenance,lowoperatingcosts,andwillnotcauseairpollution,lownoise.electriclocomotive电力机车第一台电力机车Thefirstelectriclocomotive机车发展史/historyoflocomotive从1950年开始到现在。这一阶段是高技术铁路的飞跃发展时期，日本的高速铁路系统称之为新干线。是全世界第一个投入商业营运的高速铁路系统。Since1950tothepresent.Thisperiodwastheperiodofrapiddevelopmentofhigh-techrailways,Japan'shigh-speedrailwaysystemiscalledShinkansen.Itistheworld'sfirsthigh-speedrailwaysystemputintocommercialoperation.High-speedtrain高速火车新干线

Shinkansen中国机车发展史HistoryofChineselocomotive02机车发展史/historyoflocomotive

1952年7月我国四方厂仿研出八一号，逐步制造了解放型和胜利型(仿制阶段)，建设型和人民型(改进设计阶段),前进型（自主研发阶段）等主型蒸汽机车。

InJuly1952,China'sSifangfactorycopiedanddevelopedNo.8,Themaintypesofsteamlocomotivesweregraduallymade,suchasJieFangandShengLi(imitationstage),JianSheandRenMin(improvementdesignstage),andQianJin(independentresearchanddevelopmentstage).steamlocomotive蒸汽机车前进型蒸汽机车QianJinsteamlocomotive机车发展史/historyoflocomotive早期仿造试制1958年大连机车车辆工厂仿照前苏联ТЭ3型电传动内燃机车，仿制出中国第一台巨龙号内燃机车，后经改进设计定型命名东风型并成批生产。Earlyimitationtrialproduction

In1958,DalianLocomotiveandrollingStockFactorycopiedtheformerSovietUnion's"model3"electrictransmissiondiesellocomotiveandcopiedChina'sfirst"JuLong"diesellocomotive,whichwasnamedDongfengmodelafteranimproveddesignandmassproduction.diesellocomotive内燃机车巨龙号内燃机车“JuLong"diesellocomotive机车发展史/historyoflocomotive自主起步阶段1963年开始第一代内燃机车制造，以仿造为主，机车性能有所提高，代表机型东方红1号。Autonomousinitialstage

In1963,thefirstgenerationofdiesellocomotivemanufacturingbegan,mainlyimitation,locomotiveperformanceimproved,representingthemodelDongfanghong1diesellocomotive内燃机车Dongfanghong1东方红1号机车发展史/historyoflocomotiveelectriclocomotive电力机车第一代电力机车Firstgenerationelectriclocomotive1968年，经过对6Y1型电力机车10年的研究改进，将引燃管整流改为大功率半导体二极管整流，试制出韶山1型。In1968,after10yearsofresearchandimprovementof6Y1electriclocomotive,thepilottuberectifierwaschangedtohigh-powersemiconductordioderectifier,andtheShaoshanType1wastrial-produced.韶山1型

ShaoshanType1

机车发展史/historyoflocomotiveelectriclocomotive电力机车第二代电力机车secondgenerationelectriclocomotiveSS3型电力机车（1978年）特点：平滑调压、交-直流传动SS3electricLocomotive(1978)Features:Smoothvoltageregulation,AC-DCtransmission韶山3型

ShaoshanType3

机车发展史/historyoflocomotive欣赏一下Enjoyit机车发展史/historyoflocomotive从追赶到超越Fromcatchinguptoleading一条铁路，跨越滦河连接京津冀，从一条线到一张网百年生生不息，承载着中华民族从追赶、超越直至领跑世界交通强国的复兴梦想。

Arailway,acrosstheLuanheRivertoconnectBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei,fromalinetoanetworkforahundredyears,carryingtheChinesenation'sdreamofrejuvenation,fromcatchingup,surpassingtoleadingtheworld'stransportationpower.机车发展史/historyoflocomotive

攻坚克难、发愤图强，是一代又一代中国人生生不息的精神传承。例如中国高铁技术，就经历了从无到有，从技术引进到自我创新，从合作研发到独立自主创新的多个阶段。

OvercomingdifficultiesandstrivingforstrengtharethespiritualinheritanceofgenerationaftergenerationofChinese.Forexample,China'shigh-speedrailtechnologyhasgonethroughmultiplestagesfromscratch,fromtechnologyintroductiontoself-innovation,fromcooperativeresearchanddevelopmenttoindependentinnovation.

攻坚克难、发愤图强Overcomingdifficultiesandstrivingforstrengthrelatedterms相关术语03电气化铁路/electrifiedrailwayAllalongthiskindofrailwayneedcorrespondingelectrificationequipmenttoprovidepowerguaranteeforthetrain.直流电机/DCmotorItreferstotherotarymotorthatcanconvertdirectcurrentenergyintomechanicalenergyorconvertmechanicalenergyintodirectcurrentenergy.机车厂/LocomotiveFactoryItMainlyengagedintheresearchanddevelopment,manufacturingandmaintenanceof‌railwaypassengerandfreightdiesellocomotives

断路器/circuitbreakerAswitchingdevicecapableofturningon,carrying,andturningoffcurrentinabnormalloopconditionswithinaspecifiedtime机车发展史/historyoflocomotive中国机车未来展望FutureprospectsofChineselocomotives04机车发展史/historyoflocomotive发展方向Developmentdirection0201重载/Heavyload高速