2026年北京市第四中学七年级英语第11单元词汇练习题及答案

2026年北京市第四中学七年级英语第11单元词汇练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年北京市第四中学七年级英语第11单元词汇练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatdoes"butterfly"meaninEnglish?A.birdB.fishC.insectD.flower参考答案：C2.Whichwordmeans"towalk"?A.runB.jumpC.swimD.walk参考答案：D3."Apple"isa______.A.fruitB.vegetableC.meatD.drink参考答案：A4.Howdoyousay"thankyou"inEnglish?A.sorryB.pleaseC.thankyouD.hello参考答案：C5.Whatcoloristheskyonaclearday?A.blueB.redC.greenD.yellow参考答案：A6.Whichanimalisknownasthe"kingofthejungle"?A.lionB.tigerC.elephantD.giraffe参考答案：A7.Whatistheoppositeof"hot"?A.coldB.warmC.coolD.hot参考答案：A8.Howdoyouspelltheword"book"?A.b-o-o-kB.b-o-o-kC.b-o-o-kD.b-o-o-k参考答案：A9.Whatisthepluralformof"child"?A.childrenB.childC.childenD.child's参考答案：A10.Whichwordmeans"big"?A.smallB.littleC.bigD.large参考答案：C二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Mybrotheroftenplays______basketballafterschool.参考答案：basketball2.Sheisinterestedincollecting______stamps.参考答案：stamps3.Therearemany______onthebeachduringthesummervacation.参考答案：people4.Theteacheraskedustofinishourhomework______.参考答案：carefully5.Wewillgotothezoo______Saturdaymorning.参考答案：on6.Heisgoodatswimmingandheoftenswims______Sundayafternoon.参考答案：on7.Mymotherisanurse,sheworksina______hospital.参考答案：a8.Theboyistenyearsold,heis______student.参考答案：a9.Look!Thebirdsareflying______thesky.参考答案：in10.IlikewatchingTV,itisvery______.参考答案：interesting三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theword"hobby"referstoaregularactivitythatsomeonedoesintheirfreetimeforpleasure.参考答案：√2."Dancing"isanoun,and"dance"canbebothanounandaverb.参考答案：√3.Thepastformof"go"is"went".参考答案：×4."Pleasepassmethebook"isanexampleofanimperativesentence.参考答案：√5.Theword"interest"canmeanafeelingofwantingtoknoworlearnaboutsomething.参考答案：√6."Thankyou"isacommonexpressionusedtoshowgratitude.参考答案：√7.Thepastparticipleof"see"is"saw".参考答案：×8."MynameisLily"isasentencethatprovidesinformationaboutthespeaker'sidentity.参考答案：√9.Theword"beautiful"isanadjective.参考答案：√10."Iamreadingabook"isasentencethatdescribesanongoingaction.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Pleasebrieflydescribethemeaningandusageoftheword"interest"inEnglish.参考答案：Interestmeansafeelingofcuriosityorconcernaboutsomething,orthepowertoattractandholdsomeone'sattention.Itcanalsorefertoachargepaidforborrowingmoneyorashareinacompany.2.Howwouldyouexplainthedifferencebetween"imagine"and"guess"toaChinesestudentlearningEnglish?参考答案：Imaginemeanstoformamentalpictureorconceptofsomethingthatisnotrealorthatdoesnotexist.Guessmeanstoformanopinionorestimatewithoutsufficientinformationtobecertainthatitiscorrect.3.Listthreecommoncollocationswiththeword"important".参考答案：Threecommoncollocationswith"important"are"importantdecision","importantperson"and"importanttask".4.Whatisthecorrectwaytousethepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent?参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.Itisformedwith"have/has+pastparticiple".Forexample,"Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears."5.Explainthefunctionoftheword"however"inasentence.参考答案：Howeverisaconjunctiveadverbusedtointroduceastatementthatcontrastswithorcontradictssomethingthathasjustbeensaid.Itshouldbefollowedbyacomma.Forexample,"Itwasraining,however,wewentout."6.Whyisitnecessarytousethepluralform"they"whenreferringtoasingularantecedentthatisconsideredgender-neutralinmodernEnglish?参考答案：InmodernEnglish,whenreferringtoasingularantecedentthatisgender-neutral(like"they"),thepluralform"they"isusedtoavoidgenderbias.Forexample,"Everyoneshouldbringtheirownbook."7.DescribetheprocessofformingthepastparticipleofregularEnglishverbs.参考答案：ThepastparticipleofregularEnglishverbsisformedbyadding"-ed"tothebaseform.Forexample,"walk"becomes"walked".Thepronunciationdependsontheendingsoundofthebaseverb.Ifitendsinconsonant+y,changeytoiandadd-ed(study-studied).Ifitendsinsilente,justadd-d(write-wrote).Ifitendsinvowel+consonant,doublethefinalconsonantandadd-ed(stop-stopped).8.WhatarethemaindifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishintermsofspelling?参考答案：ThemaindifferencesbetweenBritishEnglish(BrE)andAmericanEnglish(AmE)inspellinginclude:BrEuses"-re"whileAmEuses"-er"(e.g.,centre-center);BrEuses"-our"whileAmEuses"-or"(e.g.,colour-color);BrEuses"-ence"whileAmEuses"-ense"(e.g.,defence-defense);BrEuses"-ogue"whileAmEuses"-ogue"(e.g.,dialogue).五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）1.Youareplanningabirthdaypartyforyourfriend.Describetheparty,includingthedate,time,place,andactivitiesyouwillorganize.Mentionatleastthreedifferentactivities.参考答案：OnJune15th,Iwillthrowabirthdaypartyformyfriendatalocalparkat3PM.Wewillhaveabarbecue,playgames,anddancetomusic.Ithinkmyfriendwillhaveagreattime.2.Imagineyouareajournalist.Writeashortarticle(about80words)aboutanewinventionthatyouthinkwillchangepeople'slivesinthefuture.参考答案：Thenewinventionisaflyingcar.Itcanflyintheskyandtakepeopletotheirdestinationsquickly.Ithinkitwillchangepeople'slivesbecauseitwillsavetimeandreducetrafficcongestion.3.Yourschoolisorganizingacharityruntoraisemoneyforalocalhospital.Writeaparagraph(about60words)explainingwhyyouthinkparticipatinginthiseventisimportantandhowyouwillencourageyourclassmatestojoin.参考答案：Participatinginthecharityrunisimportantbecauseithelpsthelocalhospitalandmakesadifferenceinpeople'slives.Iwillencouragemyclassmatestojoinbytellingthemaboutthegoodcauseandhowtheirparticipationcanmakeadifference.4.Lookatthefollowingsentence:"Thecatissleepingonthesofa."Changethissentenceintothepassivevoice.Then,explaininyourownwordswhyyouusedthisstructure.参考答案：Thepassivevoiceofthesentenceis"Thesofaisbeingsleptonbythecat."Iusedthisstructurebecauseitisusedtoemphasizetheobjectoftheactionratherthanthesubject.5.Youaregoingtovisitamuseumforthefirsttime.Writeashortemail(about70words)toyourfriend,tellinghim/herwhatyouareexcitedtoseeandaskforsomesuggestionsaboutthemuseum.参考答案：DearTom,Iamsoexcitedtovisitthemuseumforthefirsttime.Iwanttoseetheancientartifactsandlearnaboutthehistory.Doyouhaveanysuggestionsaboutthemuseum?Lookingforwardtoyourreply.6.Readthefollowingdialoguebetweentwofriends,TomandLucy:Tom:"Iboughtanewbikeyesterday."Lucy:"______?"CompletethedialoguewithanappropriateresponsefromLucy.Then,explainthefunctionofthewordyouusedinyourresponse.参考答案：Lucy:"Whatkindofbikeisit?"7.Yourfamilyisgoingonatriptothebeach.Writealist(about50words)ofthingsyouneedtopackforthetrip.Includeatleastfivedifferentitems.参考答案：1.Sunscreen,2.Swimsuit,3.Beachumbrella,4.Flipflops,5.Beachball.8.Lookatthefollowingsentence:"Sheisreadingabook."Changethissentenceintothepastcontinuoustense.Then,explaininyourownwordswhenyouwouldusethepastcontinuoustense.参考答案：Shewasreadingabook.Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwasinprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：C解析：butterfly是英语中“蝴蝶”的意思，属于昆虫类。A选项bird指的是鸟类，B选项fish指的是鱼类，D选项flower指的是花朵，这些都不是蝴蝶。只有C选项insect指的是昆虫，与butterfly的分类一致。2.参考答案：D解析：walk是英语中“走”的意思。A选项run指的是跑，B选项jump指的是跳，C选项swim指的是游泳，这些都不符合walk的含义。只有D选项walk符合题意。3.参考答案：A解析：apple是英语中“苹果”的意思，属于水果类。A选项fruit指的是水果，符合apple的分类。B选项vegetable指的是蔬菜，C选项meat指的是肉类，D选项drink指的是饮料，这些都不符合apple的分类。4.参考答案：C解析：thankyou是英语中“谢谢”的意思。A选项sorry指的是“对不起”，B选项please指的是“请”，D选项hello指的是“你好”，这些都不符合thankyou的含义。只有C选项thankyou符合题意。5.参考答案：A解析：blue是英语中“蓝色”的意思，是晴朗天空的颜色。B选项red指的是红色，C选项green指的是绿色，D选项yellow指的是黄色，这些都不是晴朗天空的颜色。只有A选项blue符合题意。6.参考答案：A解析：lion是英语中“狮子”的意思，被称为“森林之王”。B选项tiger指的是老虎，C选项elephant指的是大象，D选项giraffe指的是长颈鹿，这些都不被称为“森林之王”。只有A选项lion符合题意。7.参考答案：A解析：cold是英语中“冷”的意思，是“热”的反义词。B选项warm指的是“温暖”，C选项cool指的是“凉爽”，D选项hot指的是“热”，这些都不符合cold的含义。只有A选项cold符合题意。8.参考答案：A解析：book的拼写是b-o-o-k。B、C、D选项的拼写都是错误的，只有A选项的拼写是正确的。9.参考答案：A解析：child的复数形式是children。B选项child是单数形式，C选项childen是错误的拼写，D选项child's是所有格形式，这些都不符合child的复数形式。只有A选项children符合题意。10.参考答案：C解析：big是英语中“大”的意思。A选项small指的是“小”，B选项little指的是“小”，D选项large指的是“巨大”，这些都不符合big的含义。只有C选项big符合题意。二、填空题1.参考答案：basketball解析：本题考查固定搭配。playbasketball是固定搭配，意为“打篮球”。根据句意“我的哥哥放学后经常打篮球”，此处应填basketball。2.参考答案：stamps解析：本题考查名词。collecting是动名词，后面需要跟名词。根据句意“她喜欢收集邮票”，此处应填stamps。3.参考答案：people解析：本题考查名词。onthebeach后面需要跟名词。根据句意“暑假期间海滩上有很多”，此处应填people。4.参考答案：carefully解析：本题考查副词。finish后面需要跟副词。根据句意“老师让我们认真完成作业”，此处应填carefully。5.参考答案：on解析：本题考查介词。gotothezoo后面需要跟介词。根据句意“我们将星期六上午去动物园”，此处应填on。6.参考答案：on解析：本题考查介词。swim后面需要跟介词。根据句意“他擅长游泳，他经常星期日下午游泳”，此处应填on。7.参考答案：a解析：本题考查冠词。ahospital是不定冠词a和名词hospital的组合。根据句意“我妈妈是一名护士，她在一家医院工作”，此处应填a。8.参考答案：a解析：本题考查冠词。astudent是不定冠词a和名词student的组合。根据句意“这个男孩十岁，是一名学生”，此处应填a。9.参考答案：in解析：本题考查介词。flying后面需要跟介词。根据句意“看！鸟儿在天空中飞翔”，此处应填in。10.参考答案：interesting解析：本题考查形容词。it是代词，后面需要跟形容词。根据句意“我喜欢看电视，它很有趣”，此处应填interesting。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：Theword"hobby"indeedreferstoaregularactivitythatsomeonedoesintheirfreetimeforpleasure.Thisdefinitionaccuratelycapturestheessenceofwhatahobbyis,makingthestatementcorrect.2.参考答案：√解析："Dancing"isanounthatreferstotheactofmovingrhythmicallytomusic."Dance"canbebothanoun,referringtoaperformanceoratypeofmusic,andaverb,referringtotheactofmovingrhythmically.Thismakesthestatementcorrect.3.参考答案：×解析：Thepastformof"go"is"went,"not"goes."Theword"goes"isthethird-personsingularpresentformof"go."Therefore,thestatementisincorrect.4.参考答案：√解析："Pleasepassmethebook"isanexampleofanimperativesentencebecauseitgivesacommandormakesarequest.Thesentencestartswith"Please,"whichisapolitewaytomakearequest,makingthestatementcorrect.5.参考答案：√解析："Interest"canindeedmeanafeelingofwantingtoknoworlearnaboutsomething.Thisdefinitionaccuratelycapturesthemeaningoftheword,makingthestatementcorrect.6.参考答案：√解析："Thankyou"isacommonexpressionusedtoshowgratitude.Itisapolitewaytoexpressappreciation,makingthestatementcorrect.7.参考答案：×解析：Thepastparticipleof"see"is"seen,"not"saw.""Saw"isthesimplepasttenseof"see."Therefore,thestatementisincorrect.8.参考答案：√解析："MynameisLily"isasentencethatprovidesinformationaboutthespeaker'sidentity.Itstatesthespeaker'sname,makingthestatementcorrect.9.参考答案：√解析："Beautiful"isanadjectivethatdescribessomeoneorsomethingaspleasingtolookat.Itaccuratelyfitsthedefinitionofanadjective,makingthestatementcorrect.10.参考答案：√解析："Iamreadingabook"isasentencethatdescribesanongoingaction.Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtoindicatethattheactionofreadingishappeningatthemoment,makingthestatementcorrect.四、简答题1.参考答案：Interestmeansafeelingofcuriosityorconcernaboutsomething,orthepowertoattractandholdsomeone'sattention.Itcanalsorefertoachargepaidforborrowingmoneyorashareinacompany.解析：本题考查词汇理解与运用。答案首先解释了"interest"作为名词时的两种主要含义：一是对事物的兴趣或关心，二是借贷的利息或公司的股份。解析部分强调了该词的多义性，并举例说明其在不同语境中的应用，如表达个人爱好（如interestinmusic）或经济活动（如interestrate）。此题旨在考察学生对基础词汇的深度理解和实际应用能力。2.参考答案：Imaginemeanstoformamentalpictureorconceptofsomethingthatisnotrealorthatdoesnotexist.Guessmeanstoformanopinionorestimatewithoutsufficientinformationtobecertainthatitiscorrect.解析：本题考查近义词辨析。答案通过定义区分了"imagine"和"guess"的核心差异："imagine"侧重于创造想象中的画面，而"guess"侧重于缺乏依据的猜测。解析进一步通过对比句例（如imagineaunicornvs.guesstheanswer）强化理解。此题考察学生对词汇细微差别的辨析能力。3.参考答案：Threecommoncollocationswith"important"are"importantdecision","importantperson"and"importanttask".解析：本题考查搭配知识。答案给出了三个符合英语习惯的"important"搭配，涵盖名词和动词搭配。解析解释了搭配形成的逻辑，如"importantdecision"中的决策与重要程度的关系。此题旨在考察学生对英语固定搭配的掌握程度。4.参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.Itisformedwith"have/has+pastparticiple".Forexample,"Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears."解析：本题考查时态用法。答案明确了现在完成时的构成和用法，并给出典型例句。解析进一步说明该时态的时间特征（过去动作对现在的影响或持续状态），并对比现在简单时（Ilivedherefiveyearsago）的用法区别。此题考察学生对时态的准确掌握。5.参考答案：Howeverisaconjunctiveadverbusedtointroduceastatementthatcontrastswithorcontradictssomethingthathasjustbeensaid.Itshouldbefollowedbyacomma.Forexample,"Itwasraining,however,wewentout."解析：本题考查连接词用法。答案解释了"however"的句法功能和标点规则，并给出例句。解析通过对比"but"（句首需加逗号）和"however"（句首可加逗号）的用法差异，帮助学生理解其细微差别。此题考察学生对连接词的掌握。6.参考答案：InmodernEnglish,whenreferringtoasingularantecedentthatisgender-neutral(like"they"),thepluralform"they"isusedtoavoidgenderbias.Forexample,"Everyoneshouldbringtheirownbook."解析：本题考查语法规范。答案解释了使用复数代词"they"指代单数性别中立主语的语法规则，并给出例句。解析强调了这一用法的社会语言学意义（消除性别歧视），并对比传统用法（he/she）。此题考察学生对语法规范和社会语言学的理解。7.参考答案：ThepastparticipleofregularEnglishverbsisformedbyadding"-ed"tothebaseform.Forexample,"walk"becomes"walked".Thepronunciationdependsontheendingsoundofthebaseverb.Ifitendsinconsonant+y,changeytoiandadd-ed(study-studied).Ifitendsinsilente,justadd-d(write-wrote).Ifitendsinvowel+consonant,doublethefinalconsonantandadd-ed(stop-stopped).解析：本题考查动词变形。答案系统总结了规则动词过去分词的三种主要变化规则，并给出各类例词。解析通过对比不同情况的变化模式（如study-studiedvsstop-stopped），帮助学生掌握规律。此题考察学生对动词变形规则的掌握程度。8.参考答案：ThemaindifferencesbetweenBritishEnglish(BrE)andAmericanEnglish(AmE)inspellinginclude:BrEuses"-re"whileAmEuses"-er"(e.g.,centre-center);BrEuses"-our"whileAmEuses"-or"(e.g.,colour-color);BrEuses"-ence"whileAmEuses"-ense"(e.g.,defence-defense);BrEuses"-ogue"whileAmEuses"-ogue"(e.g.,dialogue).解析：本题考查比较语言学。答案列举了四个典型的拼写差异对比，涵盖元音字母和辅音字母的对应变化。解析进一步说明这些差异的历史渊源（如受法语和拉丁语影响），并提醒学生注意拼写规则并非绝对对应。此题考察学生对英式英语与美式英语拼写差异的掌握。五、应用题1.参考答案：OnJune15th,Iwillthrowabirthdaypartyformyfriendatalocalparkat3PM.Wewillhaveabarbecue,playgames,anddancetomusic.Ithinkmyfriendwillhaveagreattime.解析：本题考查学生的写作能力和词汇运用能力。学生需要根据题意，描述一个生日派对，包括日期、时间、地点和活动。学生需要使用至少三个不同的活动来丰富文章内容。在解析中，我首先肯定了学生的写作内容，然后指出学生需要使用至少三个不同的活动来丰富文章内容。2.参考答案：Thenewinventionisaflyingcar.Itcanflyintheskyandtakepeopletotheirdestinationsquickly.Ithinkitwillchangepeople'slivesbecauseitwillsavetimeandreducetrafficcongestion.解析：本题考查学生的想象力和写作能力。学生需要根据题意，写一篇短文，介绍一项改变人们生活的发明。学生需要使用自己的想象力，创造出一种新的发明。在解析中，我首先肯定了学生的写作内容，然后指出学生需要使用自己的想象力，创造