2026年1月普通高中期末质量检测英语试题及详细答案

2026年1月普通高中期末质量检测英语试题及详细答案考试说明：本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。试卷分为听力、阅读理解、语言运用、写作四大题型，题型结构、难度适配高中期末统考标准。所有题目均附详细答案与解析。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.BuyabookB.BorrowabookC.Returnabook2.Howwillthewomangotothemuseum?A.BybusB.BybikeC.Bycar3.Whattimewillthemeetingstart?A.At8:00B.At8:30C.At9:004.Whatistheman'sfavoritesport?A.SwimmingB.RunningC.Basketball5.Wherearethespeakers?A.InarestaurantB.InasupermarketC.Inalibrary第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthegirlfeeltired?A.ShestayeduplateB.ShedidmuchexerciseC.Shehadalongtrip7.Whatwillthegirldotonight?A.StudyforexamsB.HaveagoodrestC.Watchamovie听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatsubjectdoestheboyfinddifficult?A.MathB.EnglishC.Physics9.Whatwillthewomandotohelptheboy?A.GivehimnotesB.TeachhimlessonsC.Findatutor听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whenwilltheschooltriptakeplace?A.NextFridayB.NextSaturdayC.NextSunday11.Wherewillthestudentsgoforthetrip?A.AparkB.AfarmC.Amountain12.Whatdostudentsneedtotake?A.WaterandsnacksB.CoatsandumbrellasC.Camerasandbags听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman'sjob?A.AteacherB.AreporterC.Awriter14.Wheredidthemanworkbefore?A.InacitycompanyB.InalocalschoolC.Inaforeignfactory15.Whydidthemanchangehisjob?A.ForhighersalaryB.ForworkingexperienceC.Forfamilyreasons16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisnewjob?A.TiringbutmeaningfulB.EasyandboringC.Busyandstressful听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthetopicofthespeech?A.DailyhabitsB.TimemanagementC.Studymethods18.Whatshouldpeopledofirsttomanagetimewell?A.MakeaplanB.AvoiddelaysC.Focusonwork19.Howmanytipsdoesthespeakergive?A.ThreeB.FourC.Five20.Whatisthemostimportantthingaccordingtothespeaker?A.StickingtoplansB.SavingsparetimeC.Doingthingsefficiently第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEveryyear,thousandsofyoungpeoplechoosetovolunteerduringtheirwintervacations.Volunteerworkhasbecomeapopularchoiceforteenagers,asitnotonlyenrichestheirsparetimebutalsohelpsthemgrow.LiHua,ahighschoolstudent,tookpartinacommunityvolunteeractivitylastwinter.Hehelpedcleanthecommunitypark,sortedgarbageandassistedelderlyresidentswithdailychores.“IusedtospendmostofmyvacationplayingmobilegamesandwatchingTV.Thisvolunteerexperiencemademywintervacationmuchmoremeaningful,”LiHuasaid.Healsoaddedthathelearnedtocommunicatewithdifferentpeopleanddevelopedastrongsenseofresponsibility.AnothervolunteerWangYujoinedaruraltutoringprogram.ShetaughtprimaryschoolstudentsEnglishandartinaremotevillagefortwoweeks.Thechildrentherewereeagertolearnandmadegreatprogressinashorttime.“Seeingthesmilesonthechildren’sfacesmakesallmyeffortsworthwhile.IalsorealizehowluckyIamtohavegoodlearningresources,”WangYushared.Volunteerworkoffersteenagersachancetostepoutoftheircomfortzone.Ithelpsthemunderstandsociety,improvetheircomprehensiveabilitiesandformpositivevalues.Moreandmoreteenagersarewillingtodevotetheirtimetopublicwelfare,bringingwarmthtosocietywhileimprovingthemselves.21.WhatdidLiHuadoasavolunteer?A.TutoredruralstudentsB.CleanedcommunityfacilitiesC.OrganizedschoolactivitiesD.Helpedstudentswithstudies22.WhatcanwelearnaboutWangYu'sexperience?A.SheworkedinacityschoolB.ShetaughttwosubjectsC.ShestayedforoneweekD.Shefelttiredandregretful23.Whatisthemainbenefitofvolunteerworkforteenagers?A.IthelpsthemgetgoodgradesB.Itoffersthempart-timejobsC.ItpromotestheirpersonalgrowthD.IthelpsthemmakemorefriendsBReadingisoneofthemostvaluablelifelonghabits.Inthedigitalage,manypeopleprefershortvideosandquickonlineinformation,andtraditionalreadingisgraduallyignored.However,readingphysicalbooksstillhasirreplaceableadvantages.Firstly,physicalreadinghelpspeoplefocusbetter.Whenreadingpaperbooks,peoplewillnotbedisturbedbypop-upmessagesorvideoadvertisements.Theycanimmersethemselvesinthecontentandthinkdeeply.Thiskindoffocusedreadingisveryhelpfulforimprovingthinkingabilityandlogicalanalysis.Secondly,paperbooksbringauniquesenseofritualandcomfort.Holdingabook,flippingthroughpagesandsmellingtheinkfragrancecancalmpeople’sanxietyandrelievepressure.Manypeoplefeelrelaxedafterreadingforaperiodoftime,whichisdifficulttoachievethroughelectronicreading.Finally,long-termphysicalreadingisbeneficialtophysicalhealth.Staringatelectronicscreensforalongtimewillcauseeyefatigueandvisionloss,whilereadingpaperbooksreduceseyepressureeffectively.Italsohelpspeoplestayawayfromelectronicproductsanddevelopahealthylifestyle.Nomatterhowfastthesocietydevelops,readingpaperbooksisalwaysagoodhabit.Itenrichesknowledge,shapescharacterandbringsspiritualstrengthtopeople.24.Whyistraditionalreadingignorednowadays?A.PaperbooksaretooexpensiveB.PeoplelikedigitalentertainmentbetterC.Readingistime-wastingD.Electronicbooksaremoreprofessional25.WhatistheadvantageofphysicalreadingaccordingtoParagraph2?A.ItsavesmoneyB.ItprotectseyesightC.ItimprovesconcentrationD.Itbuildsgoodhabits26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ritual”mean?A.仪式感B.新鲜感C.成就感D.舒适感27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheChangesofReadingWaysB.AdvantagesofPaperBookReadingC.HowtoDevelopReadingHabitsD.DigitalReadingvsTraditionalReadingCClimatechangehasbroughtobviousinfluencesonpeople’slivesallovertheworld.Extremeweathersuchasheavyrain,hightemperatureandstrongwindhasappearedmorefrequentlyinrecentyears,causinggreatlossestoenvironmentandeconomy.Scientistspointoutthathumanactivitiesarethemaincauseofglobalclimatechange.Thelarge-scaleuseoffossilfuelsproducesalargeamountofgreenhousegases,whichleadstorisingglobaltemperatures.Besides,deforestationreducesthenumberoftreesthatabsorbcarbondioxide,worseningthegreenhouseeffect.Theharmofclimatechangeiswidespread.Itmeltsglaciers,causessealevelrise,threatenscoastalcitiesandislandcountries.Italsodestroysecologicalbalance,leadingtothereductionofbiologicaldiversity.Inaddition,extremeweatherwillaffectcropgrowth,resultinginfoodshortageinsomeregions.However,climatechangeisnotirreversible.Governmentsandindividualscantakeeffectivemeasurestodealwithit.Countriesaroundtheworldareactivelypromotingenergytransformation,developingcleanenergysuchassolarenergyandwindenergy,andreducingcarbonemissions.Atthesametime,publicawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionisimproving.Morepeoplechooselow-carbontravel,savewaterandelectricity,andparticipateintree-plantingactivities.Protectingtheclimateisalong-termtaskthatrequiresjointeffortsofallmankind.Onlybypersistentprotectioncanweprotectourcommonhome.28.Whatleadstoglobalclimatechangemainly?A.NaturalweatherchangesB.HumanproductionandlifeactivitiesC.ThegrowthofplantsD.Oceanwaterevaporation29.Whichofthefollowingistheharmofclimatechange?A.IncreaseofforestareaB.RiseofsealevelC.GrowthofcropoutputD.Reductionofextremeweather30.Whatmeasuredocountriestaketodealwithclimatechange?A.StopusingallfuelsB.DevelopcleanenergyC.MoveawayfromcoastalcitiesD.Reduceurbanconstruction31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardssolvingclimateproblems?A.HopefulB.DoubtfulC.WorriedD.UninterestedDInnovationisthedrivingforceofsocialprogress.Inmodernsociety,innovativeabilityhasbecomeanimportantqualityforyoungpeople.Manypeoplebelievethatinnovationisonlyforscientistsandinventors,butthisisamisunderstanding.Infact,innovationexistsineveryfieldoflife,andeveryonecanbeinnovative.Innovationdoesnotmeancreatingcompletelynewthingsoutofnothing.Moreoften,itistheimprovementandoptimizationofexistingthings.Astudentwhoimproveshislearningmethodtoimproveefficiency,aworkerwhooptimizesworkingprocedurestosavetime,andadesignerwhoadjustsdetailstomakeworksbetterareallpracticinginnovation.Cultivatinginnovativeabilityisveryimportantforteenagers.Firstofall,innovationhelpsteenagersbreakfixedthinkingmodesandcultivateindependentthinkingability.Insteadoffollowingothers’ideasblindly,theywilllearntoobserve,thinkandexploreindependently.Secondly,innovativethinkingenablesteenagerstosolveproblemsmoreflexibly.Whenfacingdifficulties,theycanputforwarduniquesolutionsratherthanstickingtooldmethods.Tocultivateinnovation,teenagersneedtokeeplearningandaccumulatingknowledge.Solidknowledgefoundationisthepremiseofinnovation.Inaddition,theyshouldkeepcuriousaboutnewthings,daretoquestiontraditionalviewsandpracticebravely.Constantpracticeandexplorationarethekeytoimprovinginnovativeability.Innovationisnotaspecialskill,butakindoflifeattitude.Forteenagers,keepingthepassionforexplorationandinnovationwillbringmorepossibilitiestotheirfuturelife.32.Whatmisunderstandingdomanypeoplehaveaboutinnovation?A.InnovationiscommoninlifeB.OnlyprofessionalscaninnovateC.InnovationneedshardworkD.Innovationimproveslifequality33.Whatdoesinnovationmostlyrefertoindailylife?A.Creatingbrand-newthingsB.Copyingothers'ideasC.OptimizingexistingthingsD.Breakingalltraditionalrules34.Whatisthepremiseofinnovation?A.RichsocialexperienceB.SolidknowledgereserveC.BoldpersonalityD.Goodcommunicationability35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThedefinitionandcultivationofinnovationB.TheimportanceoflearningknowledgeC.ThewaystosolvelifeproblemsD.Thedifferencesbetweeninnovationandcreation第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoDevelopaGoodStudyHabitGoodstudyhabitsdeterminelearningefficiency.Manystudentsworkhardbutgetpoorgrades,mainlybecauseofbadstudyhabits.Herearesomeeffectivewaystodevelopgoodstudyhabits.36Beforestartingtostudy,makeacleardailyorweeklystudyplan.Areasonableplancanmakeyourstudytargetedandavoidblindlearning.Itcanalsohelpyouarrangetimeproperlyandbalancedifferentsubjects.37Manystudentslikeprocrastinating,whichisthebiggestenemyofefficientstudy.Onceyouhaveastudytask,finishitontimewithoutdelay.Long-terminsistencewillgreatlyimproveyourlearningefficiency.38Focusisthekeytoeffectivestudy.Whenstudying,putawayallelectronicdevicesandirrelevantthings.Concentrateonknowledgelearningandproblemsolving.Don’tbedistractedbytrivialmatters.39Reviewingisanindispensablepartoflearning.Afterlearningnewknowledge,reviewitintimetoconsolidatememory.Regularreviewcanhelpyouturntemporarymemoryintolong-termmemoryandavoidforgettingknowledgequickly.40Learningisalong-termprocess.Don’tgiveupeasilybecauseoftemporarypoorgrades.Keeppracticing,summarizeexperienceandadjustmethodsconstantly.Goodhabitswillfinallybringyougoodresults.A.KeepfocusedwhilestudyingB.MakescientificstudyplansC.FinishtasksontimeD.ReviewknowledgeregularlyE.KeeppersistentinlearningF.LearntoaskforhelpactivelyG.Previewnewknowledgeinadvance第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Kindnessisasimplebutpowerfulvirtue.Itcostsnothing,butitcanwarmthewholeworld.Istillrememberasmallkindthingthathappenedtomelastwinter.Itwasacoldsnowyafternoon.Iwalkedhomealoneafterschool.Thewindwasblowinghardandthesnowwas41heavily.Myhandswerefrozenandmyschoolbagfeltextremely42.Iwalkedslowlyontheslipperyroad,feelingtiredandhelpless.Suddenly,Islippedandfelldown.Allmybooksandnotebooks43onthesnowyground.Itriedtostandup,butmykneeshurtbadly.Iloweredmyheadandtriedtoholdbackmy44.Atthatmoment,awarmvoicecamefrombesideme.“Areyouokay?Letmehelpyou.”Alittlegirlwhowasmyclassmateranover.She45meuppatientlyandhelpedmecleanthesnowonmyclothes.Thenshebentdownto46allmybooksandputthembackintomyschoolbag.Ithankedheragainandagain.Shejustsmiledandsaiditwasnobigdeal.She47towalkwithmehomeslowly.Ontheway,shechattedwithmegentlytomakeme48down.Thecoldwindwasstillblowing,butIfeltextremely49inmyheart.Thissmallthingleftadeep50onme.Irealizedthatkindnessiseverywhere.Asimplehelp,awarmsmileorafewgentlewordscan51others’difficultiesandbringwarmth.Fromthenon,Ibeganto52othersactively.Whenmyclassmatesmeetdifficultiesinstudy,Iwillsharemynotesand53them.Whenstrangersneedhelp,Iwilltrymybestto54ahand.Iknowthateverysmallactofkindnesscan55positiveenergytotheworld.Kindnessisnotadifficult56.Itisachoicewemakeeveryday.Itmakesus57,makesothershappyandmakestheworlda58place.Weshouldkeepthisvirtueinmindand59itwithactionsallthetime.Onlyinthiswaycanwepassonwarmthand60abeautifulsocietytogether.41.A.fallingB.risingC.flyingD.moving42.A.lightB.heavyC.newD.small43.A.appearedB.landedC.spreadD.dropped44.A.tearsB.wordsC.smilesD.voices45.A.wokeB.liftedC.pickedD.cheered46.A.collectB.findC.buyD.keep47.A.refusedB.agreedC.offeredD.planned48.A.calmB.slowC.fallD.put49.A.coldB.warmC.sadD.tired50.A.messageB.markC.impressionD.memory51.A.reduceB.increaseC.causeD.face52.A.helpB.watchC.followD.praise53.A.teachB.encourageC.stopD.question54.A.takeB.bringC.lendD.give55.A.createB.replaceC.protectD.prevent56.A.goalB.taskC.habitD.choice57.A.smarterB.richerC.kinderD.stronger58.A.quieterB.brighterC.biggerD.cleaner59.A.practiceB.learnC.studyD.remember60.A.buildB.changeC.designD.discover第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TraditionalChinesecultureisrichandcolorful,anditplaysanimportantroleinChinesepeople’slife.SpringFestival,61(be)themostimportanttraditionalfestivalinChina,iswarmlycelebratedeveryyear.Daysbeforethefestival,peoplearebusy62(prepare)forit.Theycleantheirhousesthoroughly,buynewclothesandvarioussnacks.OnNewYear’sEve,allfamilymemberswillgathertogether63(have)abigfamilydinner.Thedinnerisfullofdeliciousdishes,among64fishisamust,whichsymbolizessurplusyearafteryear.Afterdinner,peopleusuallywatchtheSpringFestivalGalaandstayuplate,65(wish)foragoodstartofthenewyear.Onthefirstdayofthelunarnewyear,peoplewearnewclothesandvisitrelativesandfriends.Kidscanreceiveredenvelopes66(fill)withluckymoney,whichbringsthemgreatjoy.Inrecentyears,moreyoungpeoplebegintopayattentiontotraditionalfestivals.Theycombinetraditionalcustoms67modernlife,makingtraditionalculturemorelively.Manytraditionalculturalactivities68(hold)duringthefestival,allowingpeopletofeelthecharmoftraditionalculture.Traditionalfestivalscarrythehistoryandemotionsofanation.Weshouldinheritandpromotetraditionalculture69(active),sothatexcellenttraditionalculturecanshine70foreverbrightlight.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Myhobbyisreading.IfallinlovewithreadingwhenIwasalittlechild.Atfirst,Ireadpicturebooks,andgraduallyIstarttoreadnovelsandessays.Readingbringsmemanybenefit.Itenrichesmyknowledgeandbroadensmyhorizon.WhenIfeelupsetorlonely,booksaremybestfriend.Theycancomfortmeandgivemestrength.Iusuallyreadforhalfanhoureverynightbeforegotobed.Ialsojointheschoolreadingclublastterm.Intheclub,wesharegoodbooksanddiscusswonderfulstoriestogether.Ibelievereadingisthelifelongjourney.Itcanhelpmegrowupandbecomebetterpersoninthefuture.第二节书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom来信询问你寒假的安排，请你给他回信，内容包括：1.学习计划：查漏补缺、预习新课；2.生活安排：坚持运动、陪伴家人；3.社会实践：参与社区志愿活动。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearTom,I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingaboutmywintervacationplans.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua详细答案与解析第一部分听力答案（无听力音频，提供标准答案）1-5:BCBCA6-10:ABACA11-15:BABBC16-20:ABACA第二部分阅读理解答案及解析第一节A篇21.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Hehelpedcleanthecommunitypark,sortedgarbageandassistedelderlyresidentswithdailychores”可知，李华的志愿工作是清理社区设施、垃圾分类等，故选B。22.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“ShetaughtprimaryschoolstudentsEnglishandart”可知，王宇教授了两门课程，故选B。23.C解析：主旨细节题。通读全文可知，志愿工作能让青少年成长、提升综合能力、树立正向价值观，核心益处是促进个人成长，故选C。B篇24.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“manypeopleprefershortvideosandquickonlineinformation,andtraditionalreadingisgraduallyignored”可知，人们更喜欢数字娱乐，因此忽视传统阅读，故选B。25.C解析：细节理解题。第二段首句“physicalreadinghelpspeoplefocusbetter”点明纸质阅读能提升专注力，故选C。26.A解析：词义猜测题。结合后文“flippingthroughpagesandsmellingtheinkfragrancecancalmpeople’sanxiety”可知，翻书、闻墨香是读书的仪式感，故选A。27.B解析：标题判断题。全文围绕纸质书阅读的各类优势展开，对比数字阅读凸显纸质阅读的价值，B项最贴合主旨。C篇28.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientistspointoutthathumanactivitiesarethemaincauseofglobalclimatechange”可知，人类活动是气候变化的主要原因，故选B。29.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Itmeltsglaciers,causessealevelrise”可知，海平面上升是气候变化的危害之一，其余选项均与原文相悖，故选B。30.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“developingcleanenergysuchassolarenergyandwindenergy”可知，各国通过发展清洁能源应对气候问题，故选B。31.A解析：态度判断题。作者提到气候变化并非不可逆转，各国和民众都在积极采取措施，可见作者持积极乐观、充满希望的态度，故选A。D篇32.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Manypeoplebelievethatinnovationisonlyforscientistsandinventors,butthisisamisunderstanding”可知，人们误以为只有专业人士才能创新，故选B。33.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Moreoften,itistheimprovementandoptimizationofexistingthings”可知，日常生活中的创新多是对现有事物的优化改进，故选C。34.B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Solidknowledgefoundationisthepremiseofinnovation”可知，扎实的知识储备是创新的前提，故选B。35.A解析：主旨判断题。文章主要介绍了创新的真正含义、误区以及青少年培养创新能力的方法，A项涵盖全文核心内容。第二节七选五答案36.B37.C38.A39.D40.E解析：根据每段核心内容匹配标题句，36段讲制定学习计划；37段讲杜绝拖延、按时完成任务；38段讲学习专注；39段讲及时复习；40段讲坚持学习。第三部