2026 河南中考英语真题试卷及答案

2026河南中考英语真题试卷及答案第1页共1页2026河南中考英语真题试卷及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatdoestheword"breeze"meaninthesentence"Agentlebreezeblewthroughthetrees"?A.windB.stormC.rainD.snow参考答案：A2.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytoexpress"Iamhappytoseeyou"inEnglish?A.Iamhappilytoseeyou.B.Iamhappytoseeyou.C.Iamhappinesstoseeyou.D.Iamhappilyseeingyou.参考答案：B3.Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,"whatisthefunctionof"abook"?A.SubjectB.VerbC.ObjectD.Adverb参考答案：C4.Whatisthepasttenseformoftheverb"togo"?A.wentB.goC.goingD.gone参考答案：A5.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofthepresentperfecttense?A.Hegoestoschooleveryday.B.Shehasfinishedherhomework.C.Theywillvisitthemuseumtomorrow.D.Wewereplayingfootballlastweekend.参考答案：B6.Whatisthecorrectwaytospelltheword"necessary"?A.necassaryB.necesaryC.necessaryD.necessery参考答案：C7.Inthesentence"Thecatissleepingonthecouch,"whatisthepreposition?A.isB.sleepingC.onD.the参考答案：C8.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthethirdpersonsingularpresenttense?A.HewatchTVeveryevening.B.Sheeatsbreakfastat7AM.C.Theygototheparkyesterday.D.Iamstudyingnow.参考答案：B9.Whatisthecorrectwaytosay"Thestudentsareplayingbasketball"inthepassivevoice?A.Basketballisbeingplayedbythestudents.B.Thestudentsarebeingplayedbasketball.C.Basketballarebeingplayedbythestudents.D.Thestudentsbeingplayedbasketball.参考答案：A10.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytoexpressthefuturetenseusing"will"?A.Shewillgotothestore.B.Hewillgothestore.C.Theywillgotostore.D.Shewillgoatthestore.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theboy_______intheparkwhenitstartedtorain.参考答案：wasplaying2.Ifyouwanttobeadoctor,youmuststudyhard_______.参考答案：too3.Mysisterisgoodatplayingthepiano,andIlike_______.参考答案：drawing4.Thebookonthetableis_______bymyfather.参考答案：written5.WewillgotothezoonextSundayiftheweather_______.参考答案：isfine6.Pleasepassmethesalt,_______?参考答案：willyou7.ThetraintoShanghaileavesat9o'clock_______themorning.参考答案：in8.Idon'tknowtheanswertothisquestion,_______you?参考答案：do9.ThisisthemostinterestingbookIhaveever_______.参考答案：read10.Canyoutellmethetime,_______?参考答案：yes三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld.参考答案：√2.Waterboilsat100degreesCelsiusatsealevel.参考答案：√3.TheEarthiscompletelycoveredbywater.参考答案：×4.Shakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"inthe17thcentury.参考答案：×5.Thespeedoflightinavacuumisapproximately299,792kilometerspersecond.参考答案：√6.Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsmaketheirownfood.参考答案：√7.TheEiffelTowerwasoriginallyintendedforBarcelona,Spain,buttheprojectwasrejected.参考答案：√8.TheMonaLisawaspaintedbyLeonardodaVinciintheearly16thcentury.参考答案：√9.Thehumanbrainisthelargestorganinthehumanbody.参考答案：√10.TheAmazonRiveristhelongestriverintheworld.参考答案：×四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Pleasebrieflydescribethemainfunctionofthenucleusinacell.参考答案：Thenucleusisthecontrolcenterofthecell,containingthecell'sDNAanddirectingcellularactivities.2.WhatarethetwomainbranchesoftheUnitedStatesgovernment?参考答案：ThetwomainbranchesoftheUnitedStatesgovernmentarethelegislativebranchandtheexecutivebranch.3.HowdoesphotosynthesiscontributetotheoxygencycleonEarth?参考答案：Photosynthesiscontributestotheoxygencyclebyproducingoxygenasabyproduct.4.ListthreemajorriversinAfrica.参考答案：ThreemajorriversinAfricaaretheNileRiver,theCongoRiver,andtheZambeziRiver.5.Explaintheconceptofsupplyanddemandineconomics.参考答案：Supplyanddemandarefundamentaleconomicconceptsthatdeterminethepriceandquantityofgoodsandservicesinamarket.6.DescribethebasicstructureoftheEarth'satmosphere.参考答案：TheEarth'satmosphereiscomposedofseverallayers,eachwithdistinctcharacteristics.Thelayersfromthegrounduparethetroposphere,stratosphere,mesosphere,thermosphere,andexosphere.7.WhatisthesignificanceoftheMagnaCartainthehistoryofdemocracy?参考答案：TheMagnaCartaissignificantinthehistoryofdemocracybecauseitestablishedtheprinciplethateveryone,includingtheking,issubjecttothelaw.8.Howdofishadapttolivinginwater?参考答案：Fishadapttolivinginwaterthroughfeaturessuchasgillsforbreathing,streamlinedbodiesforswimming,andfinsformovement.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）Thelocalcommunitycenterishostingaseriesofworkshopstopromotehealthyliving.Thefirstworkshop,scheduledfornextSaturday,isafreeyogaclassaimedatbeginners.Itwillbeledbyacertifiedinstructorandwilltakeplaceinthecommunityhallfrom10:00AMto11:30AM.Participantsareencouragedtobringtheirownyogamats.Thesecondworkshop,whichwillbeheldonthefollowingSunday,isanutritionseminar.ThiseventisfreebutrequiresregistrationbyFriday.Itwillbeconductedbyadietitianinthelibraryfrom2:00PMto3:30PM.Bothworkshopsareopentoallagesandaredesignedtohelpattendeesimprovetheirwell-being.Formoreinformationortoregister,pleasecontactthecommunitycenterat555-1234.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toadvertisethecommunitycenter'sfacilitiesB.ToinformpeopleaboutupcominghealthworkshopsC.TopersuadereaderstojointheyogaclassD.Tointroducethedietitianwhowillspeak参考答案：B2.Whenandwherewilltheyogaclasstakeplace?A.NextSaturday,10:00AM,inthecommunityhallB.FollowingSunday,2:00PM,inthelibraryC.EverySaturday,11:30AM,outsidethecommunitycenterD.NextSunday,3:30PM,inthecommunityhall参考答案：A3.Whowillleadthenutritionseminar?A.AcertifiedinstructorB.AdietitianC.ThecommunityhallmanagerD.Ayogaexpert参考答案：B4.Whatisrequiredtoattendthenutritionseminar?A.BringingayogamatB.PayingaregistrationfeeC.RegisteringbyFridayD.Attendingtheyogaclassfirst参考答案：C5.Wherecanpeoplegetmoreinformationorregisterfortheworkshops?A.AtthelibraryB.Bycalling555-1234C.Onthecommunitycenter'swebsiteD.Inthecommunityhall参考答案：B6.Aretheworkshopssuitableforchildren?A.Yes,butonlyfortheyogaclassB.No,childrenarenotallowedC.Yes,allagesarewelcomeD.Onlyforadultsover18参考答案：C7.Whattimedoesthenutritionseminarend?A.1:30PMB.3:30PMC.4:00PMD.5:00PM参考答案：B8.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheyogaclassispaidB.ThenutritionseminarisheldinthecommunityhallC.BothworkshopsareonthesamedayD.Registrationisrequiredforbothevents参考答案：C标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：A解析：Theword"breeze"inthesentence"Agentlebreezeblewthroughthetrees"means"wind."Theotheroptions(storm,rain,snow)areincorrectastheydonotfitthecontextofagentle,naturalphenomenonmovingthroughtrees.OptionAisthecorrectmeaningof"breeze."2.参考答案：B解析：Thecorrectwaytoexpress"Iamhappytoseeyou"inEnglishis"Iamhappytoseeyou."Theotheroptionsareincorrect:"Iamhappilytoseeyou"isgrammaticallyincorrect,"Iamhappinesstoseeyou"usesthewrongformoftheword,and"Iamhappilyseeingyou"changesthemeaningtoanongoingactionratherthanasimplestatementofhappiness.OptionBisthecorrectandnaturalwaytoexpressthesentiment.3.参考答案：C解析：Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,""abook"istheobject.Thesubjectis"She,"theverbis"isreading,"and"abook"iswhatsheisreading.OptionA(Subject)isincorrectbecause"She"isthesubject.OptionB(Verb)isincorrectbecause"isreading"istheverbphrase.OptionD(Adverb)isincorrectbecause"abook"isnotanadverb.OptionCisthecorrectfunctionof"abook"inthesentence.4.参考答案：A解析：Thepasttenseformoftheverb"togo"is"went."Theotheroptionsareincorrect:"go"isthepresenttense,"going"isthepresentparticiple,and"gone"isthepastparticiple.OptionAisthecorrectpasttenseform.5.参考答案：B解析：Thesentence"Shehasfinishedherhomework"isanexampleofthepresentperfecttense.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathasbeencompletedinthepastbuthasrelevancetothepresent.Theotheroptionsareincorrect:"Hegoestoschooleveryday"isthesimplepresenttense,"Theywillvisitthemuseumtomorrow"isthefuturetense,and"Wewereplayingfootballlastweekend"isthepastcontinuoustense.OptionBisthecorrectexampleofthepresentperfecttense.6.参考答案：C解析：Thecorrectwaytospelltheword"necessary"is"necessary."Theotheroptionsareincorrect:"necassary"ismisspelled,"necesary"ismisspelled,"necessery"ismisspelled,and"necessery"ismisspelled.OptionCisthecorrectspelling.7.参考答案：C解析：Inthesentence"Thecatissleepingonthecouch,"theprepositionis"on."Theotheroptionsareincorrect:"is"istheverb,"sleeping"isthepresentparticiple,and"the"isanarticle.OptionCisthecorrectprepositioninthesentence.8.参考答案：B解析：Thecorrectuseofthethirdpersonsingularpresenttenseis"Sheeatsbreakfastat7AM."Theotheroptionsareincorrect:"HewatchTVeveryevening"isgrammaticallyincorrect,"Theygototheparkyesterday"isthepasttense,and"Iamstudyingnow"isthepresentcontinuoustense.OptionBisthecorrectuseofthethirdpersonsingularpresenttense.9.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectwaytosay"Thestudentsareplayingbasketball"inthepassivevoiceis"Basketballisbeingplayedbythestudents."Theotheroptionsareincorrect:"Thestudentsarebeingplayedbasketball"isgrammaticallyincorrect,"Basketballarebeingplayedbythestudents"isincorrectsubject-verbagreement,and"Thestudentsbeingplayedbasketball"isgrammaticallyincorrect.OptionAisthecorrectpassivevoiceconstruction.10.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectwaytoexpressthefuturetenseusing"will"is"Shewillgotothestore."Theotheroptionsareincorrect:"Hewillgothestore"isgrammaticallyincorrect,"Theywillgotostore"isgrammaticallyincorrect,and"Shewillgoatthestore"isgrammaticallyincorrect.OptionAisthecorrectwaytoexpressthefuturetenseusing"will."二、填空题1.参考答案：wasplaying解析：本题考查一般过去时的用法。根据句意“当雨开始下的时候，那个男孩正在公园里玩”，描述的是过去正在进行的动作，因此使用一般过去时的进行时态“wasplaying”。空格处应填入“wasplaying”。2.参考答案：too解析：本题考查副词的用法。根据句意“如果你想成为一名医生，你必须努力学习”，这里表示“你也必须努力学习”，因此使用副词“too”。空格处应填入“too”。3.参考答案：drawing解析：本题考查动词的用法。根据句意“我的姐姐擅长弹钢琴，我喜欢画画”，这里表示“我喜欢画画”，因此使用动词的现在分词形式“drawing”。空格处应填入“drawing”。4.参考答案：written解析：本题考查动词的用法。根据句意“桌子上的书是我父亲写的”，这里表示“书被写”，因此使用过去分词形式“written”。空格处应填入“written”。5.参考答案：isfine解析：本题考查一般现在时的用法。根据句意“如果天气好，我们下周日将去动物园”，这里表示对未来的预测，因此使用一般现在时“isfine”。空格处应填入“isfine”。6.参考答案：willyou解析：本题考查一般将来时的用法。根据句意“请把盐递给我，好吗？”，这里表示对未来的请求，因此使用一般将来时“willyou”。空格处应填入“willyou”。7.参考答案：in解析：本题考查介词的用法。根据句意“开往上海的火车早上9点出发”，这里表示时间，因此使用介词“in”。空格处应填入“in”。8.参考答案：do解析：本题考查助动词的用法。根据句意“我不知道这个问题的答案，你知道吗？”，这里表示对过去事实的疑问，因此使用助动词“do”。空格处应填入“do”。9.参考答案：read解析：本题考查动词的用法。根据句意“这是我读过的最有趣的书”，这里表示“我读过”，因此使用动词的过去式“read”。空格处应填入“read”。10.参考答案：yes解析：本题考查情态动词的用法。根据句意“你能告诉我现在几点吗？”，这里表示对现在时间的询问，因此使用情态动词“yes”。空格处应填入“yes”。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：TheGreatWallofChinaisindeedoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld,knownforitshistoricalandculturalsignificance.Thisstatementiscorrect.2.参考答案：√解析：Waterboilsat100degreesCelsiusatsealevelunderstandardatmosphericpressure.Thisisawell-knownscientificfact,makingthestatementcorrect.3.参考答案：×解析：TheEarthisnotcompletelycoveredbywater.About71%oftheEarth'ssurfaceiswater,buttheremaining29%consistsofland.Therefore,thestatementisincorrect.4.参考答案：×解析：Shakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"inthelate16thcentury,notthe17thcentury.Theplaywaswrittenaround1595,makingthestatementincorrect.5.参考答案：√解析：Thespeedoflightinavacuumisindeedapproximately299,792kilometerspersecond.Thisisafundamentalconstantinphysics,makingthestatementcorrect.6.参考答案：√解析：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsusesunlight,water,andcarbondioxidetoproducetheirownfood.Thisisabasicprincipleinbiology,makingthestatementcorrect.7.参考答案：√解析：TheEiffelTowerwasoriginallyintendedforBarcelona,Spain,buttheprojectwasrejectedduetoitsdesignandcost.Thisisahistoricalfact,makingthestatementcorrect.8.参考答案：√解析：TheMonaLisawaspaintedbyLeonardodaVinciintheearly16thcentury,around1503-1506.Thisisawell-documentedhistoricalfact,makingthestatementcorrect.9.参考答案：√解析：Thehumanbrainisindeedthelargestorganinthehumanbody,weighingabout1.3to1.4kilograms.Thisisawell-knownbiologicalfact,makingthestatementcorrect.10.参考答案：×解析：TheAmazonRiveristhelongestriverintheworld,nottheNileRiver.TheNileRiveristhelongestriverinAfrica,makingthestatementincorrect.四、简答题1.参考答案：Thenucleusisthecontrolcenterofthecell,containingthecell'sDNAanddirectingcellularactivities.解析：Thenucleusfunctionsasthecommandcenterforacell,housingthegeneticmaterial(DNA)whichcontainsinstructionsforallcellularfunctions.Itregulatesprocessessuchasgrowth,metabolism,andreproductionbycontrollinggeneexpression.Thenucleusisenclosedbyanuclearenvelope,whichseparatesitscontentsfromthecytoplasm.①ThenucleuscontainsDNA,thegeneticblueprintofthecell.②Itregulatesgeneexpression,controllingcellularactivities.③Itisenclosedbyanuclearenvelope,protectingitscontents.2.参考答案：ThetwomainbranchesoftheUnitedStatesgovernmentarethelegislativebranchandtheexecutivebranch.解析：TheU.S.governmentisdividedintothreebranchestoensureaseparationofpowers:thelegislative,executive,andjudicialbranches.Thelegislativebranch,ledbyCongress,makeslaws.Theexecutivebranch,headedbythePresident,enforceslaws.Thejudicialbranch,headedbytheSupremeCourt,interpretslaws.Thequestionasksforthetwomainbranches,whicharethelegislativeandexecutivebranches.①ThelegislativebranchmakeslawsthroughCongress.②TheexecutivebranchenforceslawsthroughthePresident.③ThejudicialbranchinterpretslawsthroughtheSupremeCourt.3.参考答案：Photosynthesiscontributestotheoxygencyclebyproducingoxygenasabyproduct.解析：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplants,algae,andsomebacteriaconvertlightenergyintochemicalenergy,usingcarbondioxideandwatertoproduceglucoseandoxygen.Theoxygenproducedisreleasedintotheatmosphere,whichisthenusedbyanimalsandotherorganismsforrespiration.ThisprocessiscrucialformaintainingtheEarth'soxygenlevels.①Photosynthesisconvertscarbondioxideandwaterintoglucoseandoxygenusinglightenergy.②Theoxygenproducedisreleasedintotheatmosphere.③Thisoxygenisessentialforrespirationinanimalsandotherorganisms.4.参考答案：ThreemajorriversinAfricaaretheNileRiver,theCongoRiver,andtheZambeziRiver.解析：Africaishometoseveralmajorrivers,eachplayingasignificantroleinthecontinent'secosystemsandeconomies.TheNileRiveristhelongestriverintheworld,flowingthroughnortheasternAfrica.TheCongoRiveristhesecond-longestriverinAfrica,locatedincentralAfrica.TheZambeziRiveristhefourth-longestriverinAfrica,flowingthroughsouthernAfrica.①TheNileRiveristhelongestinAfrica.②TheCongoRiveristhesecond-longestinAfrica.③TheZambeziRiveristhefourth-longestinAfrica.5.参考答案：Supplyanddemandarefundamentaleconomicconceptsthatdeterminethepriceandquantityofgoodsandservicesinamarket.解析：Supplyreferstothequantityofagoodorservicethatproducersarewillingandabletoofferatvariousprices.Demandreferstothequantityofagoodorservicethatconsumersarewillingandabletobuyatvariousprices.Theinteractionofsupplyanddemanddeterminestheequilibriumprice,wherethequantitysuppliedequalsthequantitydemanded.①Supplyisthequantityproducersofferatdifferentprices.②Demandisthequantityconsumersbuyatdifferentprices.③Theequilibriumpriceiswheresupplyequalsdemand.6.参考答案：TheEarth'satmosphereiscomposedofseverallayers,eachwithdistinctcharacteristics.Thelayersfromthegrounduparethetroposphere,stratosphere,mesosphere,thermosphere,andexosphere.解析：TheEarth'satmosphereisalayerofgasessurroundingtheplanet,protectingitfromharmfulsolarradiationandmaintainingtheclimate.Theatmosphereisdividedintoseverallayersbasedontemperatureandotherproperties.Thetroposphereisthelowestlayer,wheremostweatheroccurs.Thestratospherecontainstheozonelayer,whichabsorbsultravioletradiation.Themesosphereisthecoldestlayer,wheremeteorsburnup.Thethermosphereiswheretemperaturesincreasewithaltitudeduetosolarradiation.Theexosphereistheoutermostlayer,graduallymergingwithspace.①Thetroposphereisthelowestlayer,whereweatheroccurs.②Thestratospherecontainstheozonelayer.③Themesosphereisthecoldestlayer.7.参考答案：TheMagnaCartaissignificantinthehistoryofdemocracybecauseitestablishedtheprinciplethateveryone,includingtheking,issubjecttothelaw.解析：TheMagnaCarta,signedin1215,isconsideredoneofthemostimportantlegaldocumentsinhistory.ItwasacharterofrightsagreedtobyKingJohnofEngland,limitingthepowersofthemonarchyandestablishingtheprincipleofruleoflaw.Thisdocumentlaidthefoundationformoderndemocraticprinciples,influencingthedevelopmentofconstitutionallawinmanycountries.①TheMagnaCartalimitedthepowersofthemonarchy.②Itestablishedtheprincipleofruleoflaw.③Itinfluencedthedevelopmentofconstitutionallaw.8.参考答案：Fishadapttolivinginwaterthroughfeaturessuchasgillsforbreathing,streamlinedbodiesforswimming,andfinsformovement.解析：Fishhaveevolvedseveraladaptationstosurviveinaquaticenvironments.Gillsallowfishtoextractoxygenfromwater,enablingthemtobreathe.Streamlinedbodiesreducewaterresistance,makingswimmingmoreefficient.Finshelpfishcontroltheirmovementanddirectioninthewater.Additionally,fishhavespecializedcellscalledchromatophoresthatallowthemtochangecolorforcamouflageorcommunication.①Gillsenablefishtobreatheunderwater.②Streamlinedbodiesreducewaterresistanceforefficientswimming.③Finshelpfishcontroltheirmovement.五、阅读理解题1.参考答案：B解析：Thepassageprimarilyaimstoinformreadersabouttheupcominghealthworkshops,includingtheirdetailssuchasdate,time,location,andthespeakers.Thetextclearlyoutlinestwodifferentworkshopsandprovidesinformationonhowtoparticipate,makingoptionBthemostaccurateanswer.OptionAisincorrectbecausethepassagefocusesonworkshops,notfacilities.OptionCistoospecificandonlymentionsoneworkshop.OptionDisincorrectbecausethedietitianismentionedonlyinthecontextofthenutritionseminar.2.参考答案：A解析：TheyogaclassisscheduledfornextSaturdayat10:00AMinthecommunityhall.Thisinformationisexplicitlystatedinthepassage,makingoptionAthecorrectanswer.OptionBisincorrectbecausethenutritionseminarisonthefollowingSunday.Opt