人教版初中英语下册第12章词汇巩固习题及答案

人教版初中英语下册第12章词汇巩固习题及答案第1页共1页人教版初中英语下册第12章词汇巩固习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatdoes"butterfly"meaninEnglish?A.BirdB.FishC.InsectD.Snake参考答案：C2.Whichwordmeans"towalk"?A.RunB.JumpC.SwimD.Walk参考答案：D3."Apple"isa______.A.NounB.VerbC.AdjectiveD.Adverb参考答案：A4.Whatistheoppositeof"happy"?A.SadB.AngryC.ExcitedD.Tired参考答案：A5.Howdoyousay"thankyou"inEnglish?A.PleaseB.SorryC.ThankyouD.Goodbye参考答案：C6.Whichwordisacolor?A.FastB.RedC.BigD.Happy参考答案：B7."Book"isa______.A.NounB.VerbC.AdjectiveD.Adverb参考答案：A8.Whatdoes"teacher"meaninEnglish?A.StudentB.DoctorC.TeacherD.Parent参考答案：C9.Whichwordmeans"big"?A.SmallB.BigC.TallD.Short参考答案：B10.Howdoyousay"water"inEnglish?A.FoodB.WaterC.MilkD.Juice参考答案：B二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Thenewrulerequiresstudentsto______homeworkeveryday.参考答案：do2.Mysisterisinterestedin______musicandoftenlistenstoitafterschool.参考答案：listening3.Weshouldprotecttheenvironmentby______litteringinpublicplaces.参考答案：nottolitter4.Theteacheraskedusto______abookreporton"TheLittlePrince".参考答案：write5.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youneedto______more.参考答案：read6.Duringthesummervacation,Iplanto______intheriverwithmyfriends.参考答案：swim7.It'simportantto______yourparentswhentheyaresick.参考答案：help8.Theboyisgoodat______footballandhaswonmanyprizes.参考答案：playing9.Wemust______theelderlyandshowrespecttothem.参考答案：respect10.Themovietellsusthestoryofagirlwho______fromapoorfamily.参考答案：comesfrom三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theword"happen"isaverbwhichmeans"发生".参考答案：√2."Lookafter"canbeusedtoexpressthemeaningof"照顾".参考答案：√3.Ifyouwanttotalkaboutsomethingthatisnotrealbutimagined,youshouldusetheword"real".参考答案：×4.Thepastformof"go"is"went".参考答案：√5."Excuseme"isapolitewaytoaskforsomeone'sattention.参考答案：√6.Theword"interest"canonlybeusedtotalkaboutmoney.参考答案：×7."Alotof"isusuallyusedwithuncountablenouns.参考答案：√8."Thankyoufor"isusedtoexpressgratitudeforsomethingsomeonehasdone.参考答案：√9.Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedandfinishedinthepast.参考答案：×10."I'minterestedin"isusedtotalkaboutactivitiesorsubjectsthatyouenjoydoingorlearningabout.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Whatisthemeaningoftheword"library"inEnglish?参考答案：Alibraryisaplacewherebooksandothermaterialsarekeptforpeopletoread,study,orborrow.2.Canyoudescribethefunctionofa"postoffice"?参考答案：Apostofficeisaplacewherepeoplecansendandreceiveletters,packages,andothermail.3.Howdoyoupronouncetheword"computer"?参考答案：Theword"computer"ispronouncedas/kəmˈpjuːtər/.4.Whatisthedifferencebetween"tomorrow"and"yesterday"?参考答案："Tomorrow"referstothedayaftertoday,while"yesterday"referstothedaybeforetoday.5.Explainthemeaningoftheword"education".参考答案：Educationistheprocessofreceivingorgivingsystematicinstruction,especiallyataschooloruniversity.6.Whatistheroleofa"teacher"intheclassroom?参考答案：Ateacher'sroleintheclassroomistoteachstudents,guidetheirlearning,andprovidesupport.7.Howdoyouusetheword"environment"inasentence?参考答案：Theword"environment"canbeusedinasentencelike"Theenvironmentaroundusisveryimportant."8.Describethemeaningoftheword"technology".参考答案：Technologyreferstotheapplicationofscientificknowledgeforpracticalpurposes,especiallyinindustry.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）TheschoolscienceclubisplanningaspecialeventtocelebrateEarthDay.Theydecidedtoorganizeatree-plantingactivityintheschoolgarden.Manystudentsareinterestedinjoining,andtheclubmembersareworkinghardtoprepare.Theyneedtobuytrees,tools,andgloves.TheeventwilltakeplaceonSaturdaymorning.Volunteersshouldbringwaterandwearcomfortableclothes.Itwillbeagreatopportunitytohelptheenvironmentandmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.Everyoneislookingforwardtoparticipatingandmakingadifference.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.StudentsarediscussingtheimportanceofEarthDay.B.Thescienceclubisplanningatree-plantingevent.C.Volunteersneedtobringmanythingsfortheevent.D.Theschoolgardenisnotbeautifulenough.参考答案：B2.Whenwillthetree-plantingactivityhappen?A.OnFridayafternoon.B.OnSaturdaymorning.C.OnSundayevening.D.OnMondaymorning.参考答案：B3.Whatdothevolunteersneedtobring?A.Treesandtools.B.Waterandgloves.C.Comfortableclothesandwater.D.Treesandcomfortableclothes.参考答案：B4.Whyaretheclubmembersworkinghard?A.Theywanttomakemoremoney.B.Theywanttohelptheenvironment.C.Theywanttoplantmoreflowers.D.Theywanttohaveaparty.参考答案：B5.Istheschoolgardenbeautiful?A.Yes,itisverybeautiful.B.No,itisnotbeautifulatall.C.Maybe,somepartsarebeautiful.D.Thepassagedoesnotmentionthebeautyofthegarden.参考答案：D6.Whatisthepurposeoftheevent?A.Tomakemoneyfortheschool.B.Tohelptheenvironmentandmaketheschoolmorebeautiful.C.Tohavefunandrelax.D.Toplantflowersandvegetables.参考答案：B7.Whoisinterestedinjoiningtheevent?A.Onlyscienceclubmembers.B.Manystudents.C.Noonewantstojoin.D.Onlyteachersandstaff.参考答案：B8.Whataretheclubmemberspreparingfor?A.Asciencefair.B.Atree-plantingactivity.C.Asportscompetition.D.Amusicconcert.参考答案：B标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：C解析：butterfly的意思是“蝴蝶”，属于昆虫类，所以正确答案是C.Insect。A.Bird是鸟，B.Fish是鱼，D.Snake是蛇，都不符合butterfly的定义。2.参考答案：D解析：walk的意思是“走”，所以正确答案是D.Walk。A.Run是跑，B.Jump是跳，C.Swim是游泳，都不符合walk的定义。3.参考答案：A解析：apple的意思是“苹果”，是一个名词，所以正确答案是A.Noun。B.Verb是动词，C.Adjective是形容词，D.Adverb是副词，都不符合apple的词性。4.参考答案：A解析：happy的反义词是sad，所以正确答案是A.Sad。B.Angry是生气的，C.Excited是兴奋的，D.Tired是疲倦的，都不符合happy的反义词。5.参考答案：C解析：thankyou的意思是“谢谢”，所以正确答案是C.Thankyou。A.Please是请，B.Sorry是对不起，D.Goodbye是再见，都不符合thankyou的意思。6.参考答案：B解析：red的意思是“红色”，是一个颜色，所以正确答案是B.Red。A.Fast是快的，C.Big是大的，D.Happy是快乐的，都不符合red的定义。7.参考答案：A解析：book的意思是“书”，是一个名词，所以正确答案是A.Noun。B.Verb是动词，C.Adjective是形容词，D.Adverb是副词，都不符合book的词性。8.参考答案：C解析：teacher的意思是“老师”，所以正确答案是C.Teacher。A.Student是学生，B.Doctor是医生，D.Parent是家长，都不符合teacher的定义。9.参考答案：B解析：big的意思是“大的”，所以正确答案是B.Big。A.Small是小的，C.Tall是高的，D.Short是短的，都不符合big的定义。10.参考答案：B解析：water的意思是“水”，所以正确答案是B.Water。A.Food是食物，C.Milk是牛奶，D.Juice是果汁，都不符合water的定义。二、填空题1.do参考答案：do解析：本题考查动词。根据句意“新规定要求学生每天做家庭作业”，requires后面需要跟动词原形，do是动词原形，表示“做”，符合句意。其他选项如make,have,play等都不符合语法要求。2.listening参考答案：listening解析：本题考查动名词。根据句意“我妹妹对听音乐感兴趣，放学后经常听”，beinterestedin后面需要跟动名词，listening是listen的动名词形式，表示“听”，符合句意。其他选项如singing,dancing,reading等都不符合语法要求。3.nottolitter参考答案：nottolitter解析：本题考查动词不定式。根据句意“我们应该通过不在公共场所乱扔垃圾来保护环境”，protect后面需要跟动词不定式，nottolitter是litter的否定形式，表示“不乱扔垃圾”，符合句意。其他选项如nottolisten,nottoplay,nottoread等都不符合句意。4.write参考答案：write解析：本题考查动词。根据句意“老师让我们写《小王子》的书报告”，askedusto后面需要跟动词原形，write是动词原形，表示“写”，符合句意。其他选项如read,listen,play等都不符合语法要求。5.read参考答案：read解析：本题考查动词。根据句意“如果你想提高英语水平，你需要多读”，needto后面需要跟动词原形，read是动词原形，表示“读”，符合句意。其他选项如write,listen,play等都不符合语法要求。6.swim参考答案：swim解析：本题考查动词。根据句意“暑假期间，我计划和朋友在河里游泳”，planto后面需要跟动词原形，swim是动词原形，表示“游泳”，符合句意。其他选项如run,jump,play等都不符合语法要求。7.help参考答案：help解析：本题考查动词。根据句意“当你父母生病时，重要的是帮助他们”，it'simportantto后面需要跟动词原形，help是动词原形，表示“帮助”，符合句意。其他选项如visit,call,buy等都不符合语法要求。8.playing参考答案：playing解析：本题考查动名词。根据句意“这个男孩擅长踢足球，已经赢得了很多奖”，begoodat后面需要跟动名词，playing是play的动名词形式，表示“踢”，符合句意。其他选项如reading,singing,dancing等都不符合语法要求。9.respect参考答案：respect解析：本题考查动词。根据句意“我们必须尊重老人”，must后面需要跟动词原形，respect是动词原形，表示“尊重”，符合句意。其他选项如love,hate,like等都不符合语法要求。10.comesfrom参考答案：comesfrom解析：本题考查动词短语。根据句意“这部电影讲述了一个来自贫穷家庭的女孩的故事”，tellsusthestoryof后面需要跟动词短语，comesfrom是固定短语，表示“来自”，符合句意。其他选项如goesto,livesin,worksin等都不符合句意。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：Theword"happen"isindeedaverbthatmeans"发生".Itiscommonlyusedtodescribeeventsoroccurrencesthattakeplace.Forexample,"Whathappenedyesterday?"Thissentenceisaskingabouttheeventsthatoccurredonthepreviousday.2.参考答案：√解析："Lookafter"isaphrasalverbthatmeans"照顾".Itisusedtodescribetheactoftakingcareofsomeoneorsomething.Forexample,"CanyoulookaftermycatwhileI'maway?"Thissentenceisaskingsomeonetotakecareoftheircatwhiletheyarenotpresent.3.参考答案：×解析：Ifyouwanttotalkaboutsomethingthatisnotrealbutimagined,youshouldusetheword"imaginary"or"unreal",not"real"."Real"isusedtodescribethingsthatexistinreality.Forexample,"Thisisarealbook,notanimaginaryone."4.参考答案：√解析：Thepastformof"go"isindeed"went".ThisisanirregularverbinEnglish.Forexample,"Iwenttotheparkyesterday."Thissentenceisusingthepasttenseformof"go".5.参考答案：√解析："Excuseme"isapolitewaytoaskforsomeone'sattentionortogetsomeone'spermissiontospeak.Forexample,"Excuseme,canyouhelpme?"Thissentenceispolitelyaskingforassistance.6.参考答案：×解析：Theword"interest"canbeusedtotalkaboutbothmoneyandpersonalfeelings.Forexample,"Thebankoffersahighinterestrateonsavingsaccounts."Thissentenceistalkingaboutmoney."Shehasagreatinterestinpainting."Thissentenceistalkingaboutapersonalfeelingorpassion.7.参考答案：√解析："Alotof"isusuallyusedwithuncountablenounstoindicatealargequantity.Forexample,"Thereisalotofwaterinthebottle."Thissentenceisusing"alotof"withtheuncountablenoun"water".8.参考答案：√解析："Thankyoufor"isusedtoexpressgratitudeforsomethingsomeonehasdone.Forexample,"Thankyouforhelpingmewithmyhomework."Thissentenceisexpressinggratitudeforassistancewithhomework.9.参考答案：×解析：Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwasongoingataspecifictimeinthepast,notanactionthathappenedandfinished.Forexample,"IwaswatchingTVwhenthephonerang."Thissentenceisdescribinganongoingactioninthepast.10.参考答案：√解析："I'minterestedin"isusedtotalkaboutactivitiesorsubjectsthatyouenjoydoingorlearningabout.Forexample,"I'minterestedinplayingtheguitar."Thissentenceisexpressingapassionorenjoymentforplayingtheguitar.四、简答题1.参考答案：Alibraryisaplacewherebooksandothermaterialsarekeptforpeopletoread,study,orborrow.解析：本题考查对词汇“library”的基本理解。图书馆是储存书籍和其他资料供人阅读、学习或借阅的地方。这是对图书馆基本功能的定义，属于基础词汇知识。答案直接给出了该词的中文释义，简洁明了。2.参考答案：Apostofficeisaplacewherepeoplecansendandreceiveletters,packages,andothermail.解析：本题考查对词汇“postoffice”的功能描述。邮局是人们可以发送和接收信件、包裹和其他邮件的地方。这是邮局的基本功能，属于基础词汇知识。答案直接给出了该词的功能描述，符合题意。3.参考答案：Theword"computer"ispronouncedas/kəmˈpjuːtər/.解析：本题考查对词汇“computer”的发音。该词的发音为/kəmˈpjuːtər/，这是该词的标准发音，属于基础语音知识。答案给出了该词的音标，准确无误。4.参考答案："Tomorrow"referstothedayaftertoday,while"yesterday"referstothedaybeforetoday.解析：本题考查对词汇“tomorrow”和“yesterday”的区别。明天是指今天之后的一天，而昨天是指今天之前的一天。这是对这两个词的基本时间概念解释，属于基础词汇知识。答案直接给出了这两个词的区别，清晰明了。5.参考答案：Educationistheprocessofreceivingorgivingsystematicinstruction,especiallyataschooloruniversity.解析：本题考查对词汇“education”的含义解释。教育是接受或给予系统化指导的过程，尤其是在学校或大学。这是对教育的基本定义，属于基础词汇知识。答案直接给出了该词的定义，简洁明了。6.参考答案：Ateacher'sroleintheclassroomistoteachstudents,guidetheirlearning,andprovidesupport.解析：本题考查对词汇“teacher”在课堂中的角色描述。教师的作用是教学生、指导他们的学习并提供支持。这是对教师角色的基本描述，属于基础词汇知识。答案直接给出了教师的角色描述，符合题意。7.参考答案：Theword"environment"canbeusedinasentencelike"Theenvironmentaroundusisveryimportant."解析：本题考查对词汇“environment”的用法。该词可以在句子“Theenvironmentaroundusisveryimportant.”中使用。这是对环境一词的用法示例，属于基础词汇知识。答案给出了一个包含该词的句子，符合题意。8.参考答案：Technologyreferstotheapplicationofscientificknowledgeforpracticalpurposes,especiallyinindustry.解析：本题考查对词汇“technology”的含义描述。技术是指将科学知识应用于实际目的，尤其是在工业中。这是对技术的基本定义，属于基础词汇知识。答案直接给出了该词的定义，简洁明了。五、阅读理解题1.参考答案：B解析：Thepassagemainlytalksaboutthescienceclubplanningatree-plantingactivityforEarthDay.Thefirstsentencestatesthisclearly.OptionAisnotthemainidea;itmentionsadiscussionaboutEarthDaybutdoesnotfocusontheevent.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitonlymentionssomethingsvolunteersneedtobring,notthemainidea.OptionDisnotmentionedinthepassageatall.2.参考答案：B解析：ThepassagestatesthattheeventwilltakeplaceonSaturdaymorning.Thisismentionedinthethirdparagraph.OptionA,Fridayafternoon,isnotmentioned.OptionC,Sundayevening,isincorrect.OptionD,Mondaymorning,isalsonotmentioned.3.参考答案：B解析：Thepassagesaysvolunteersshouldbringwaterandwearcomfortableclothes.Thisismentionedinthefourthparagraph.OptionA,treesandtools,isincorrectbecausetheclubmemberswillprovidethese.OptionC,comfortableclothesandwater,ispartiallycorrectbutnotthecompleteanswer.OptionD,tr