2026 河南中考英语真题试卷及答案

2026河南中考英语真题试卷及答案第1页共1页2026河南中考英语真题试卷及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatdoestheword"breeze"meaninthesentence"Agentlebreezeblewthroughthetrees"?A.windB.stormC.rainD.snow参考答案：A2.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytoexpress"Iamhappytoseeyou"inEnglish?A.Iamhappilytoseeyou.B.Iamhappytoseeyou.C.Iamhappinesstoseeyou.D.Iamhappilyseeingyou.参考答案：B3.Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,"whatisthefunctionof"abook"?A.SubjectB.VerbC.ObjectD.Adverb参考答案：C4.Whatisthepasttenseformoftheverb"togo"?A.wentB.goC.goingD.gone参考答案：A5.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofthepresentperfecttense?A.Hegoestoschooleveryday.B.Shehasfinishedherhomework.C.Theywillvisitthemuseumtomorrow.D.Wewereplayingfootballlastweekend.参考答案：B6.Whatisthecorrectwaytospelltheword"necessary"?A.necassaryB.necesaryC.necessaryD.necessery参考答案：C7.Inthesentence"Thecatissleepingonthecouch,"whatisthepreposition?A.isB.sleepingC.onD.the参考答案：C8.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthethirdpersonsingularpresenttense?A.HewatchTVeveryevening.B.Sheeatsbreakfastat7AM.C.Theygototheparkyesterday.D.Iamstudyingnow.参考答案：B9.Whatisthecorrectwaytosay"Thestudentsareplayingbasketball"inthepassivevoice?A.Basketballisbeingplayedbythestudents.B.Thestudentsarebeingplayedbasketball.C.Basketballarebeingplayedbythestudents.D.Thestudentsbeingplayedbasketball.参考答案：A10.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytoexpressthefuturetenseusing"will"?A.Shewillgotothestore.B.Hewillgothestore.C.Theywillgotostore.D.Shewillgoatthestore.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.ThecapitalofFranceis______.参考答案：Paris2.Sheis______thanherbrother.参考答案：taller3.WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallnextSunday.______you?参考答案：What4.Canyouplaythepiano?______,Icanplaytheguitar.参考答案：No5.Thisbookis______expensive.Ican'taffordit.参考答案：too6.Whattimedoesthetrainleavetomorrowmorning?______8:00a.m.参考答案：At7.Heis______interestedinplayingcomputergames.参考答案：very8.Thegirlinblueis______teacher,MissLi.参考答案：her9.Iwasbornin______year2000.参考答案：in10.It'sraining.Pleasetakeyour______.参考答案：umbrella三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld.参考答案：√2.Waterboilsat100degreesCelsiusatsealevel.参考答案：√3.TheEarthiscompletelycoveredbywater.参考答案：×4.Shakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"inthe17thcentury.参考答案：×5.Thespeedoflightinavacuumisapproximately299,792kilometerspersecond.参考答案：√6.Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsmaketheirownfood.参考答案：√7.TheEiffelTowerwasoriginallyintendedforBarcelona,Spain,buttheprojectwasrejected.参考答案：√8.TheMonaLisawaspaintedbyLeonardodaVinciintheearly16thcentury.参考答案：√9.Thehumanbrainisthelargestorganinthehumanbody.参考答案：√10.TheAmazonRiveristhelongestriverintheworld.参考答案：×四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Pleasebrieflydescribethemainfunctionofthenucleusinacell.参考答案：Thenucleusisthecontrolcenterofthecell,containingthecell'sDNAanddirectingcellularactivities.2.Whatarethetwomainbranchesofgeometryinmathematics?参考答案：ThetwomainbranchesofgeometryareEuclideangeometryandnon-Euclideangeometry.3.Explaintheconceptofphotosynthesisinplants.参考答案：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsusesunlight,water,andcarbondioxidetoproduceglucoseandoxygen.4.Whowrotethenovel"PrideandPrejudice"andinwhichcountrywasitprimarilyset?参考答案："PrideandPrejudice"waswrittenbyJaneAustenandwasprimarilysetinEngland.5.ListthreemajorriversinAfrica.参考答案：ThreemajorriversinAfricaaretheNile,theCongo,andtheZambezi.6.AccordingtoNewton'ssecondlawofmotion,whatistherelationshipbetweenforce,mass,andacceleration?参考答案：AccordingtoNewton'ssecondlawofmotion,forceequalsmasstimesacceleration(F=ma).7.Whatisthedifferencebetweenrenewableandnon-renewableenergysources?参考答案：Renewableenergysourcesarethosethatcanbereplenishednaturally,suchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower,whilenon-renewableenergysourcesarethosethatexistinlimitedquantitiesandcannotbereplenished,suchasfossilfuelslikecoal,oil,andnaturalgas.8.Describethebasicstructureofanatom,includingitsmaincomponents.参考答案：Anatomconsistsofanucleus,whichcontainsprotonsandneutrons,andelectronsthatorbitthenucleus.Protonsarepositivelycharged,neutronsareneutral,andelectronsarenegativelycharged.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）Thelocalcommunitycenterishostingaseriesofworkshopstoimproveresidents'skillsandknowledge.Thefirstworkshop,scheduledfornextSaturday,isabasiccookingclassaimedatbeginners.LedbyChefMaria,theclasswillteachsimplerecipesandkitchensafety.Participantswilllearnhowtoprepareahealthymealfromscratch.Thesecondworkshop,onthefollowingSunday,isadigitalliteracyprogram.Itwillhelpseniorsnavigateonlineservicesandusesmartphonesmoreeffectively.Bothworkshopsarefreeandopentoallcommunitymembers.Registrationisrequiredandcanbedoneonlineatthecenter'swebsiteorbycallingtheoffice.Spacesarelimited,soearlysign-upisrecommended.1.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheworkshops?A.ToprovideentertainmentforthecommunityB.ToteachcookinganddigitalskillsC.ToorganizesocialeventsforresidentsD.Topromotethecommunitycenter'sservices参考答案：B2.Whowillleadthecookingclass?A.ThecommunitycenterdirectorB.ChefMariaC.LocalseniorsD.Avolunteerteacher参考答案：B3.Whatwillparticipantslearninthecookingclass?A.HowtocookcomplexdishesB.BasicrecipesandkitchensafetyC.AdvancedbakingtechniquesD.Howtorunarestaurant参考答案：B4.Whenisthedigitalliteracyprogramscheduled?A.NextSaturdayB.ThefollowingSundayC.ThisFridayD.Nextmonth参考答案：B5.Whoisthedigitalliteracyprogramdesignedfor?A.YoungchildrenB.SeniorsC.ProfessionalworkersD.Teenagers参考答案：B6.Howcanpeopleregisterfortheworkshops?A.OnlybycallingtheofficeB.OnlybyvisitingthecenterinpersonC.OnlineorbycallingtheofficeD.Throughsocialmedia参考答案：C7.Whyarespaceslimitedintheworkshops?A.BecausethecenterwantstochargefeesB.BecausethecenterhaslimitedresourcesC.BecausetheworkshopsareverypopularD.Becausetheworkshopsaremandatory参考答案：C8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CommunityCenterEventsB.CookingandTechnologyC.WorkshopsforAdultsD.HealthyLivingTips参考答案：A标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：A解析：Theword"breeze"inthesentence"Agentlebreezeblewthroughthetrees"means"wind."Theotheroptions(storm,rain,snow)areincorrectastheydonotfitthecontextofagentle,naturalphenomenonmovingthroughtrees.OptionAisthecorrectmeaningof"breeze."2.参考答案：B解析：Thecorrectwaytoexpress"Iamhappytoseeyou"inEnglishis"Iamhappytoseeyou."OptionAisincorrectbecause"happily"isanadverbandshouldnotmodifytheverb"tosee."OptionCisincorrectbecause"happiness"isanounandcannotbeusedinthiscontext.OptionDisincorrectbecause"happilyseeingyou"isgrammaticallyincorrect.OptionBisthecorrectandnaturalwaytoexpressthesentence.3.参考答案：C解析：Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,""abook"istheobjectoftheverb"isreading."Thesubjectis"She,"theverbis"isreading,"and"abook"iswhatsheisreading.OptionAisincorrectbecausethesubjectis"She."OptionBisincorrectbecausetheverbis"isreading."OptionDisincorrectbecause"reading"isapresentparticiple,notanadverb.OptionCisthecorrectfunctionof"abook"inthesentence.4.参考答案：A解析：Thepasttenseformoftheverb"togo"is"went."OptionBisthepresenttense.OptionCisthepresentparticiple.OptionDisthepastparticiple.OptionAisthecorrectpasttenseform.5.参考答案：B解析：Thesentence"Shehasfinishedherhomework"isanexampleofthepresentperfecttense.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathasbeencompletedinthepastbuthasrelevancetothepresent.OptionAisthesimplepresenttense.OptionCisthefuturetense.OptionDisthepastcontinuoustense.OptionBisthecorrectuseofthepresentperfecttense.6.参考答案：C解析：Thecorrectwaytospelltheword"necessary"is"necessary."OptionAismisspelled.OptionBismisspelled.OptionCiscorrectlyspelled.OptionDismisspelled.OptionCisthecorrectspelling.7.参考答案：C解析：Inthesentence"Thecatissleepingonthecouch,"theprepositionis"on.""On"indicatesthelocationwherethecatissleeping.OptionAistheverb.OptionBisthepresentparticiple.OptionDisthedefinitearticle.OptionCisthecorrectpreposition.8.参考答案：B解析：Thecorrectuseofthethirdpersonsingularpresenttenseis"Sheeatsbreakfastat7AM."OptionAisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"HewatchesTV."OptionCisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"Theygototheparktomorrow"inthefuturetense.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitisthepresentcontinuoustense.OptionBisthecorrectuseofthethirdpersonsingularpresenttense.9.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectwaytosay"Thestudentsareplayingbasketball"inthepassivevoiceis"Basketballisbeingplayedbythestudents."Thepassivevoicechangesthesentencestructuretofocusontheobject(basketball)ratherthanthesubject(thestudents).OptionBisincorrectbecauseitisgrammaticallyincorrect.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitisgrammaticallyincorrect.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitisgrammaticallyincorrect.OptionAisthecorrectpassivevoiceconstruction.10.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectwaytoexpressthefuturetenseusing"will"is"Shewillgotothestore."OptionBisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"Hewillgotothestore."OptionCisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"Theywillgotothestore."OptionDisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"Shewillgotothestore."OptionAisthecorrectuseof"will"toexpressthefuturetense.二、填空题1.参考答案：Paris解析：考查国家首都。法国的首都是巴黎，这是地理常识。题干问法国的首都是什么，直接填入Paris即可。2.参考答案：taller解析：考查形容词比较级。句意是“她比她哥哥高”。than是表示比较的连词，需要用形容词的比较级。tall的比较级是taller。其他选项如shorter（更矮的）、older（更老的）都不符合句意。3.参考答案：What解析：考查特殊疑问句。句意是“我们下周日要去长城玩。你呢？”。根据语境，这里需要询问对方是否一起去，用Whataboutyou?或者What'swrong?等。但最符合常用表达的是What。其他选项如How（怎么样）、Where（哪里）都不符合句意。4.参考答案：No解析：考查一般疑问句的简略回答。句意是“你会弹钢琴吗？不，我会弹吉他。”。对于Canyouplaythepiano?这个一般疑问句，回答时用Yes或No。根据句意，应该是否定回答，所以填No。其他选项如Yes（是）、Maybe（也许）都不符合句意。5.参考答案：too解析：考查too的用法。句意是“这本书太贵了。我买不起。”。too表示“太...了”，用来修饰形容词或副词，表示程度过高。expensive是形容词，所以用too。其他选项如so（如此）、very（非常）都不符合句意。6.参考答案：At解析：考查介词at的用法。句意是“明天早上火车几点出发？早上8点。”。时间点通常用介词at表示。8:00a.m.是时间点，所以用at。其他选项如on（在...上）、in（在...里）都不符合句意。7.参考答案：very解析：考查副词very的用法。句意是“他对玩电脑游戏非常感兴趣。”。very表示程度，用来修饰形容词或副词。interested是形容词，所以用very。其他选项如so（如此）、too（太）都不符合句意。8.参考答案：her解析：考查物主代词。句意是“穿蓝色衣服的那个女孩是她的老师，李老师。”。根据句意，她是女孩的老师，所以用her。其他选项如his（他的）、its（它的）都不符合句意。9.参考答案：in解析：考查介词in的用法。句意是“我出生在2000年。”。年份通常用介词in表示。2000是年份，所以用in。其他选项如on（在...上）、at（在...时）都不符合句意。10.参考答案：umbrella解析：考查名词。句意是“下雨了。请拿你的雨伞。”。根据句意，下雨时需要用雨伞，所以填umbrella。其他选项如hat（帽子）、scarf（围巾）都不符合句意。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：TheGreatWallofChinaisindeedoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld,knownforitshistoricalandculturalsignificance.Thisstatementiscorrect.2.参考答案：√解析：Waterboilsat100degreesCelsiusatsealevelunderstandardatmosphericpressure.Thisisawell-knownscientificfact,makingthestatementcorrect.3.参考答案：×解析：TheEarthisnotcompletelycoveredbywater.About71%oftheEarth'ssurfaceiscoveredbywater,whiletheremaining29%island.Therefore,thestatementisincorrect.4.参考答案：×解析：Shakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"inthelate16thcentury,notthe17thcentury.Theplaywaswrittenaround1595,makingthestatementincorrect.5.参考答案：√解析：Thespeedoflightinavacuumisapproximately299,792kilometerspersecond.Thisisascientificallyverifiedvalue,makingthestatementcorrect.6.参考答案：√解析：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsusesunlight,water,andcarbondioxidetoproducetheirownfood.Thisisafundamentalconceptinbiology,makingthestatementcorrect.7.参考答案：√解析：TheEiffelTowerwasindeedoriginallyintendedforBarcelona,Spain,buttheprojectwasrejectedduetoitsdesignandcost.Thisisahistoricalfact,makingthestatementcorrect.8.参考答案：√解析：TheMonaLisawaspaintedbyLeonardodaVinciintheearly16thcentury,around1503-1506.Thisisawell-documentedhistoricalfact,makingthestatementcorrect.9.参考答案：√解析：Thehumanbrainisthelargestorganinthehumanbody,weighingabout1.3to1.4kilograms.Thisisawell-knownanatomicalfact,makingthestatementcorrect.10.参考答案：×解析：TheAmazonRiveristhelongestriverintheworld,nottheNileRiver.TheNileRiverisconsideredthelongestriverintheworld,makingthestatementincorrect.四、简答题1.参考答案：Thenucleusisthecontrolcenterofthecell,containingthecell'sDNAanddirectingcellularactivities.解析：Thenucleusfunctionsasthecommandcenterofacellbyhousingthegeneticmaterial(DNA)andregulatingprocessessuchasgrowth,metabolism,andreproduction.Itisenclosedbyanuclearenvelopeandcontainsthenucleolus,whichisinvolvedinribosomesynthesis.Thisquestiontestsbasicknowledgeofcellbiology,focusingonthenucleus'sroleinmanagingcellularfunctions.2.参考答案：ThetwomainbranchesofgeometryareEuclideangeometryandnon-Euclideangeometry.解析：GeometryistraditionallydividedintoEuclideangeometry,whichdealswithflatsurfacesandfollowsEuclid'spostulates,andnon-Euclideangeometry,whichexplorescurvedspacesandincludeshyperbolicandellipticgeometries.Thisquestionassessesfoundationalknowledgeinmathematics,specificallytheclassificationofgeometry.Otherbranchesliketopologyoralgebraicgeometryarenotprimarybranchesandthusnotincluded.3.参考答案：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsusesunlight,water,andcarbondioxidetoproduceglucoseandoxygen.解析：Duringphotosynthesis,chlorophyllinplantcellscaptureslightenergy,convertingitintochemicalenergystoredinglucose.Thisprocessalsoreleasesoxygenasabyproduct.Photosynthesisoccursinthechloroplastsandisessentialforplantgrowthandoxygenproduction.Thisquestiontestsunderstandingofbiologicalprocesses,focusingontheinputsandoutputsofphotosynthesis.4.参考答案："PrideandPrejudice"waswrittenbyJaneAustenandwasprimarilysetinEngland.解析：JaneAusten,anEnglishnovelist,authored"PrideandPrejudice,"publishedin1813.ThestoryissetinruralEnglandduringtheearly19thcentury,focusingonthelivesandromanticrelationshipsoftheBennetfamily.Thisquestionassessesliteraryknowledge,specificallyregardingtheauthorandsettingofawell-knownwork.AustenisakeyfigureinEnglishliterature,andherworksareoftenstudiedinliteraturecourses.5.参考答案：ThreemajorriversinAfricaaretheNile,theCongo,andtheZambezi.解析：TheNileisthelongestriverintheworld,flowingthroughnortheasternAfrica.TheCongoisthesecond-longestriverinAfrica,locatedincentralAfrica.TheZambeziisthefourth-longestriverinAfrica,flowingthroughsouthernAfrica.Theseriversaresignificantfortheirlengthandtheregionstheytraverse.Thisquestiontestsgeographicalknowledge,focusingonmajorAfricanrivers.6.参考答案：AccordingtoNewton'ssecondlawofmotion,forceequalsmasstimesacceleration(F=ma).解析：Newton'ssecondlawstatesthattheaccelerationofanobjectisdirectlyproportionaltothenetforceactingonitandinverselyproportionaltoitsmass.TheformulaF=maquantifiesthisrelationship,whereFrepresentsforce,mrepresentsmass,andarepresentsacceleration.Thisquestionassessesunderstandingoffundamentalphysicsprinciples,specificallyNewton'slawsofmotion.7.参考答案：Renewableenergysourcesarethosethatcanbereplenishednaturally,suchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower,whilenon-renewableenergysourcesarethosethatexistinlimitedquantitiesandcannotbereplenished,suchasfossilfuelslikecoal,oil,andnaturalgas.解析：Renewableenergysourcesaresustainableandhavealowerenvironmentalimpact,whilenon-renewableenergysourcesarefiniteandcontributesignificantlytopollutionandclimatechange.Thisquestiontestsknowledgeofenergytypes,focusingontheirsustainabilityandenvironmentalimpact.8.参考答案：Anatomconsistsofanucleus,whichcontainsprotonsa