2026年陕西省西安市第四中学八年级英语上册第2单元同步练习题及答案

2026年陕西省西安市第四中学八年级英语上册第2单元同步练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年陕西省西安市第四中学八年级英语上册第2单元同步练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatdoestheword"interest"meaninthesentence"Hesavedmoneyinthebanktoearninterest."?A.attentionB.rewardC.problemD.information参考答案：B2.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytoaskforthepriceofashirt?A.Howmuchisthisshirtfor?B.Howmanyisthisshirt?C.Whatpriceisthisshirt?D.Howmuchdoesthisshirtcost?参考答案：D3.Ifyouwanttoborrowabookfromthelibrary,youshouldusetheword:A.lendB.borrowC.returnD.buy参考答案：B4.Thesentence"Sheisreadingabookunderthetree"isanexampleof:A.aquestionB.acommandC.astatementD.anexclamation参考答案：C5.Whatisthepasttenseoftheverb"togo"?A.goB.wentC.goingD.gone参考答案：B6.Whichwordisasynonymfor"happy"?A.sadB.angryC.excitedD.tired参考答案：C7.Inthesentence"Thecatissleepingonthecouch,"whatisthesubject?A.sleepingB.onC.thecouchD.Thecat参考答案：D8.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepresentcontinuoustense?A.Hegoestoschooleveryday.B.Sheiswatchingamovienow.C.Theywillplayfootballtomorrow.D.Hehasfinishedhishomework.参考答案：B9.Ifyouwanttotalkaboutsomethingthathappenedinthepastandiscompleted,youshoulduse:A.thepresentsimpletenseB.thepresentcontinuoustenseC.thepastsimpletenseD.thefuturetense参考答案：C10.Whatisthecorrectwaytosay"Iamastudent"inthepassivevoice?A.Iamstudied.B.Iamstudying.C.Iamastudent.D.Iambeingastudent.参考答案：D二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Thenewlibraryis______thantheoldone.参考答案：more2.Mysisteris______thanme.参考答案：taller3.Heruns______fast______Tom.参考答案：faster,than4.Thisbookis______expensive______thatone.参考答案：more,than5.Igotoschool______thanmyfriend.参考答案：later6.ShespeaksEnglish______thanherbrother.参考答案：better7.Thetrainleaves______8o'clock______themorning.参考答案：at,in8.Whattime______themeetingstart______tomorrow?参考答案：does9.Themeetingwill______at10a.m.______nextweek.参考答案：start,on10.Mybirthdayis______the15th______May.参考答案：on三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionshappeningatthemomentofspeaking.参考答案：√2."Lookattheblackboard,please."isanexampleoftheimperativemood.参考答案：√3.Theadverb"very"canbeplacedbeforebothadjectivesandadverbstointensifytheirmeaning.参考答案：√4.Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,""isreading"isapresentparticiplephrase.参考答案：√5.Thepastsimpletenseistypicallyusedtotalkaboutcompletedactionsinthepast.参考答案：√6.Therelativepronoun"who"isusedtorefertoanimalsorinanimateobjects.参考答案：×7.Theconjunction"but"isusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauses.参考答案：√8.Theword"beautiful"isanexampleofacompoundadjective.参考答案：×9.Thepassivevoiceisoftenusedwhentheactoroftheactionisunknownorunimportant.参考答案：√10.Theword"happily"isanadverbmodifyingtheverb"live"inthesentence"Theylivehappily."参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.PleasebrieflydescribethemainfunctionofthepresentperfecttenseinEnglish.参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatbeganinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,oractionsthathappenedatanunspecifiedtimeinthepast.Itemphasizestheconnectionbetweenthepastandpresent.2.Howcanyouusethepastcontinuoustensetodescribeanactioninprogressataspecifictimeinthepast?参考答案：Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwasinprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.Itoftenintroducesabackgroundactionthatwasinterruptedbyanotheraction.Forexample,"IwaswatchingTVwhenthephonerang."3.Listthreecommonirregularverbsandtheirpastsimpleandpastparticipleforms.参考答案：Threecommonirregularverbsandtheirformsare:①go-went-gone;②see-saw-seen;③eat-ate-eaten.4.Explainthedifferencebetween"can"and"could"intermsofabilityandpoliteness.参考答案："Can"isusedtoexpressabilityorpermissioninageneralway,while"could"isusedtoexpressabilityinthepastormakerequestsmorepolitely.Forexample,"Icanswim"(ability)vs."Icouldswim"(pastability)and"Canyouopenthewindow?"(directrequest)vs."Couldyouopenthewindow?"(politerequest).5.Whatisthestructureofatypical"therebe"sentenceinEnglish?参考答案：Atypical"therebe"sentencestructureis:There+is/are+noun+[optionalprepositionalphrase].Forexample,"Thereisabookonthetable."or"Therearemanypeopleinthepark."6.Describetheroleofadjectivesinmodifyingnouns.参考答案：Adjectivesareusedtomodifynounsbydescribingtheirqualities,suchassize,color,shape,oremotion.Forexample,"aredcar"(color)or"abighouse"(size).Theyusuallycomebeforethenountheymodify.7.HowdoyouformthepluralformofmostEnglishnouns?参考答案：MostEnglishnounsformtheirpluralbyadding"-s"tothesingularform,suchas"cat"→"cats".Nounsendingin-s,-x,-z,-sh,or-chusuallyadd"-es",suchas"box"→"boxes".Somenounshaveirregularpluralforms,suchas"man"→"men"or"child"→"children".8.Brieflyexplainthepurposeofusingarticles(a,an,the)inEnglishsentences.参考答案：Articles(a,an,the)areusedtospecifywhetheranounisgeneralorspecific."A"or"an"areusedforgeneralnouns,while"the"isusedforspecificnouns.Forexample,"acat"(anycat)vs."thecat"(aspecificcat).Articleshelpclarifymeaninginsentences.五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）1.Youareorganizingaschoolparty.Thereare45studentsinyourclass.Youneedtobuyjuiceboxesforeveryone.Eachboxcontains6juicedrinks.Howmanyjuiceboxesdoyouneedtobuy?A.6B.7C.8D.9参考答案：C2.Lilywantstobuyanewbike.Thebikecosts300yuan.Shehassaved150yuan.Howmuchmoremoneydoessheneedtosave?A.100yuanB.150yuanC.200yuanD.250yuan参考答案：A3.Atraintravelsataspeedof60kilometersperhour.Howfarwillittravelin3hours?A.180kilometersB.200kilometersC.220kilometersD.240kilometers参考答案：A4.Inaclassof40students,25areboys.Whatpercentageoftheclassaregirls?A.40%B.50%C.60%D.75%参考答案：B5.Ifashirtcosts80yuanandisonsalefor20%off,howmuchwillyousave?A.10yuanB.16yuanC.20yuanD.24yuan参考答案：B6.Johnreads20pagesofabookeveryday.Ifthebookhas180pages,howmanydayswillittakehimtofinishthebook?A.8daysB.9daysC.10daysD.11days参考答案：B7.Arectanglehasalengthof10cmandawidthof5cm.Whatisitsperimeter?A.15cmB.20cmC.25cmD.30cm参考答案：D8.Ifyoubuy3notebooksfor12yuan,howmuchwillonenotebookcost?A.3yuanB.4yuanC.5yuanD.6yuan参考答案：B标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：Inthesentence"Hesavedmoneyinthebanktoearninterest,"theword"interest"referstotherewardreceivedforsavingmoney."Attention"meansfocusorconcern,whichisnotthecorrectmeaninginthiscontext."Problem"referstoadifficultsituation,whichisnotapplicablehere."Information"meansfactsordetails,whichisnottheintendedmeaninginthissentence.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB."Reward."2.参考答案：D解析：Thecorrectwaytoaskforthepriceofashirtis"Howmuchdoesthisshirtcost?""Howmuchisthisshirtfor?"isnotgrammaticallycorrect."Howmanyisthisshirt?"isusedtoaskaboutquantity,notprice."Whatpriceisthisshirt?"isnotastandardwaytoaskfortheprice.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisD."Howmuchdoesthisshirtcost?"3.参考答案：B解析：Toborrowabookfromthelibrary,youshouldusetheword"borrow.""Lend"meanstogivesomethingtosomeoneforashorttime,whichisnotthecorrectactioninthiscontext."Return"meanstogivesomethingback,whichistheoppositeofborrowing."Buy"meanstopurchasesomething,whichisnotthecorrectactioninthiscontext.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB."borrow."4.参考答案：C解析：Thesentence"Sheisreadingabookunderthetree"isastatement.Itisadeclarationthatconveysinformationaboutanactionbeingperformed.Itisnotaquestion,command,orexclamation.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC."astatement."5.参考答案：B解析：Thepasttenseoftheverb"togo"is"went.""Go"isthebaseformoftheverb."Going"isthepresentparticiple."Gone"isthepastparticiple.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB."went."6.参考答案：C解析：Asynonymfor"happy"is"excited.""Sad"isanantonym."Angry"isadifferentemotion."Tired"referstoastateofexhaustion,whichisnotrelatedtohappiness.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC."excited."7.参考答案：D解析：Inthesentence"Thecatissleepingonthecouch,"thesubjectis"Thecat."Thesubjectisthepersonorthingthatperformstheactionoftheverb.Inthissentence,thecatisperformingtheactionofsleeping.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisD."Thecat."8.参考答案：B解析：Acorrectuseofthepresentcontinuoustenseis"Sheiswatchingamovienow."Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionshappeningatthemomentofspeaking."Hegoestoschooleveryday"usesthepresentsimpletense."Theywillplayfootballtomorrow"usesthefuturetense."Hehasfinishedhishomework"usesthepresentperfecttense.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB."Sheiswatchingamovienow."9.参考答案：C解析：Totalkaboutsomethingthathappenedinthepastandiscompleted,youshouldusethepastsimpletense."Thepresentsimpletense"isusedforhabitualactions."Thepresentcontinuoustense"isusedforactionshappeningnow."Thefuturetense"isusedforfutureactions.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC."thepastsimpletense."10.参考答案：D解析：Thecorrectwaytosay"Iamastudent"inthepassivevoiceis"Iambeingastudent."Thepassivevoiceisusedwhenthesubjectisreceivingtheaction."Iamstudied"isgrammaticallyincorrect."Iamstudying"isinthepresentcontinuoustense."Iamastudent"isintheactivevoice.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisD."Iambeingastudent."二、填空题1.参考答案：more解析：考查形容词比较级。句意为“新的图书馆比旧的图书馆______”。根据句意和空后的than可知，此处应用形容词比较级。more是形容词比较级形式，意为“更”。故填more。2.参考答案：taller解析：考查形容词比较级。句意为“我的姐姐比我______”。根据句意和空后的than可知，此处应用形容词比较级。taller是形容词比较级形式，意为“更高的”。故填taller。3.参考答案：faster,than解析：考查形容词比较级。句意为“他跑得比汤姆______”。根据句意和空后的Tom可知，此处应用形容词比较级。faster是形容词比较级形式，意为“更快的”。根据句意和空后的Tom可知，此处应用介词than。故填faster,than。4.参考答案：more,than解析：考查形容词比较级。句意为“这本书比那本书______”。根据句意和空后的thatone可知，此处应用形容词比较级。more是形容词比较级形式，意为“更贵的”。根据句意和空后的thatone可知，此处应用介词than。故填more,than。5.参考答案：later解析：考查形容词比较级。句意为“我比我的朋友上学______”。根据句意和空后的thanmyfriend可知，此处应用形容词比较级。later是形容词比较级形式，意为“更晚的”。故填later。6.参考答案：better解析：考查形容词比较级。句意为“她讲英语比她哥哥______”。根据句意和空后的thanherbrother可知，此处应用形容词比较级。better是形容词比较级形式，意为“更好的”。故填better。7.参考答案：at,in解析：考查介词。句意为“火车早上8点______离开”。根据句意，第一个空表示具体时间，应用介词at。第二个空表示上午，应用介词in。故填at,in。8.参考答案：does解析：考查一般现在时。句意为“会议明天什么时候开始______？”。根据句意和tomorrow可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语是meeting，是单数，助动词用does。故填does。9.参考答案：start,on解析：考查动词原形和介词。句意为“会议下周10点______”。根据句意，第一个空应用动词原形start。第二个空表示星期几，应用介词on。故填start,on。10.参考答案：on解析：考查介词。句意为“我的生日是5月15日______”。根据句意，表示日期，应用介词on。故填on。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：Thepresentcontinuoustense,alsoknownasthepresentprogressivetense,isindeedusedtodescribeactionsthatarehappeningatthemomentofspeakingoractionsthatareongoing.Forexample,"Iameatingdinner"indicatesanactioninprogressrightnow.2.参考答案：√解析：Theimperativemoodisusedtogivecommandsormakerequests.Thesentence"Lookattheblackboard,please."isaclearexampleofgivingacommandtosomeonetoobservetheblackboard.3.参考答案：√解析：Theadverb"very"canbeusedtointensifythemeaningofbothadjectivesandadverbs.Forinstance,"veryhappy"(adjective)and"veryquickly"(adverb)demonstrateitsusage.4.参考答案：√解析：Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,""isreading"isapresentparticiplephrasethatfunctionsaspartofthepresentcontinuoustense,indicatinganongoingaction.5.参考答案：√解析：Thepastsimpletenseiscommonlyusedtodescribeactionsthatwerecompletedinthepast.Forexample,"IvisitedParislastyear"indicatesacompletedactioninthepast.6.参考答案：×解析：Therelativepronoun"who"isusedtorefertopeople,notanimalsorinanimateobjects.Foranimalsorinanimateobjects,"which"isused.Forexample,"Thedogthatbarkedloudly"(animal)or"Thebookthatisonthetable"(inanimateobject).7.参考答案：√解析：Theconjunction"but"isusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauses,showingacontrastbetweenthem.Forexample,"Iwanttogotothepark,butitisraining."8.参考答案：×解析：Theword"beautiful"isasingleadjective,notacompoundadjective.Acompoundadjectiveisformedbycombiningtwoormorewords,suchas"well-behaved"or"blue-eyed."9.参考答案：√解析：Thepassivevoiceisoftenusedwhentheactoroftheactionisunknown,unimportant,orirrelevanttothesentence.Forexample,"Thewindowwasbroken"(unknownactor)or"ThebookwaswrittenbyJ.K.Rowling"(actorisimportantbutnotthefocus).10.参考答案：√解析：Theword"happily"isanadverbthatmodifiestheverb"live"inthesentence"Theylivehappily,"indicatingthemannerinwhichtheylive.四、简答题1.参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatbeganinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,oractionsthathappenedatanunspecifiedtimeinthepast.Itemphasizestheconnectionbetweenthepastandpresent.解析：本题考查现在完成时的主要功能。现在完成时用于描述始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态，或在过去某个不确定时间发生的动作，强调过去与现在的联系。例如，“Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears”表示从过去开始住到现在。答案依据是现在完成时的基本用法，这是英语语法中的核心知识点，需要学生理解其时间概念和意义。其他时态如一般过去时只强调过去发生，一般现在时强调现在状态，现在进行时强调现在进行，都与现在完成时有区别。2.参考答案：Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwasinprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.Itoftenintroducesabackgroundactionthatwasinterruptedbyanotheraction.Forexample,"IwaswatchingTVwhenthephonerang."解析：本题考查过去进行时的用法。过去进行时用于描述过去某个特定时间点正在进行的动作，常用于设置背景情境，如“我正在看电视时，电话响了”，其中“看电视”是背景动作，“电话响了”是打断动作。这是英语时态中描述过去场景的重要方式，需要学生掌握其构成（was/were+doing）和语境应用。其他时态如一般过去时描述完成的动作，现在进行时描述现在动作，都与过去进行时有区别。3.参考答案：Threecommonirregularverbsandtheirformsare:①go-went-gone;②see-saw-seen;③eat-ate-eaten.解析：本题考查不规则动词的变形。不规则动词的过去式和过去分词需要单独记忆，是英语语法中的重点和难点。例如，“go”的过去式是“went”，过去分词是“gone”；“see”的过去式是“saw”，过去分词是“seen”；“eat”的过去式是“ate”，过去分词是“eaten”。这些变形没有规律可循，必须通过记忆掌握。题目要求列举三个，确保覆盖不同类型的动词变形。4.参考答案："Can"isusedtoexpressabilityorpermissioninageneralway,while"could"isusedtoexpressabilityinthepastormakerequestsmorepolitely.Forexample,"Icanswim"(ability)vs."Icouldswim"(pastability)and"Canyouopenthewindow?"(directrequest)vs."Couldyouopenthewindow?"(politerequest).解析：本题考查“can”和“could”的用法区别。“can”用于表达一般能力或请求许可，如“Icanswim”；“could”用于表达过去能力或更礼貌地请求，如“Icouldswim”表示过去会游泳，“Couldyouopenthewindow?”比“Canyouopenthewindow?”更委婉。这是英语中表达能力和礼貌的重要区别，需要学生理解其语义和语用功能。5.参考答案：Atypical"therebe"sentencestructureis:There+is/are+noun+[optionalprepositionalphrase].Forexample,"Thereisabookonthetable."or"Therearemanypeopleinthepark."解析：本题考查“therebe”句型的结构。“therebe”句型用于表达某物存在，结构为“there+be动词+名词+（地点状语）”，如“Thereisabookonthetable”或“Therearemanypeopleinthepark”。be动词根据名词单复数变化为“is”或“are”，其后通常跟名词，有时可跟地点状语。这是英语中表达存在的重要句型，需要学生掌握其基本结构和用法。6.参考答案：Adjectivesareusedtomodifynounsbydescribingtheirqualities,suchassize,color,shape,oremotion.Forexample,"aredcar"(color)or"abighouse"(size).Theyusuallycomebeforethenountheymodify.解析：本题考查形容词的作用。形容词用于修饰名词，描述其性质，如颜色、大小、形状等，通常放在名词前，如“aredcar”“abighouse”。这是英语中修饰成分的基本功能，需要学生理解形容词的位置和作用。形容词的位置有时也可后置，如“thehousewitharedroof”，但前置更为常见。7.参考答案：MostEnglishnounsformtheirpluralbyadding"-s"tothesingularform,suchas"cat"→"cats".Nounsendingin-s,-x,-z,-sh,or-chusuallyadd"-es",suchas"box"→"boxes".Somenounshaveirregularpluralforms,suchas"man"→"men"or"child"→"children".解析：本题考查名词复数形式的变化规则。大多数名词通过加“-s”形成复数，如“cat”→“cats”；以s,x,z,sh,ch结尾的名词加“-es”，如“box”→“boxes”；部分名词有不规则复数形式，如“man”→“men”“child”→“children”。这是英语语法中的基本规则，需要学生掌握常见规则和例外情况。8.参考答案：Articles(a,an,the)areusedtospecifywhetheranounisgeneralorspecific."A"or"an"areusedforgeneralnouns,while"the"isusedforspecificnouns.Forexample,"acat"(anycat)vs."thecat"(aspecificcat).Articleshelpclarifymeaninginsentences.解析：本题考查冠词的用法。冠词用于限定名词，分为不定冠词“a”“an”（泛指）和定冠词“the”（特指），如“acat”表示任何猫，“thecat”表示特定猫。冠词的使用有助于明确语义，是英语中重要的语法点，需要学生理解其指代功能和用法规则。五、应用题1.参考答案：C解析：Tofindouthowmanyj