江苏省苏教版初中英语下册第8单元写作技巧专项训练习题及答案

江苏省苏教版初中英语下册第8单元写作技巧专项训练习题及答案第1页共1页江苏省苏教版初中英语下册第8单元写作技巧专项训练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whenwritingadescriptiveparagraph,whichsentenceshouldbeplacedattheendtoprovideaconcludingthoughtorfeeling?A.Theopeningsentencethatintroducesthemainidea.B.Asentencethataddsnewdetailsnotmentionedbefore.C.Thesentencethatsummarizesthemaincharacteristicsdescribed.D.Asentencethatasksaquestiontoengagethereaderfurther.参考答案：C2.Inafive-paragraphessay,whichparagraphtypicallycontainsthemainargumentsorevidencesupportingthethesis?A.Theintroductionparagraph.B.Thesecondbodyparagraph.C.Theconclusionparagraph.D.Thefirstbodyparagraph.参考答案：B3.Toimprovetheclarityofyourwriting,whichofthefollowingshouldyouavoid?A.Usingtransitionwordstoconnectideas.B.Writingcompleteandcomplexsentences.C.Includingpersonalopinionsinanobjectiveessay.D.Providingexamplestoillustrateyourpoints.参考答案：C4.Wheneditingyouressay,whichstepshouldyouperformfirst?A.Checkingforgrammaticalerrors.B.Revisingthestructureoftheessay.C.Proofreadingforspellingmistakes.D.Addingmoredetailstotheintroduction.参考答案：B5.Whichofthefollowingisacommonmistaketoavoidinpersuasivewriting?A.Usinglogicalreasoningtosupportyourarguments.B.Includingemotionalappealstoswaythereader.C.Presentingonlyonesideoftheargument.D.Citingcrediblesourcestobackupyourclaims.参考答案：C6.Inanarrativeessay,whatistheprimarypurposeofthesetting?A.Toprovidebackgroundinformationforthecharacters.B.Todistractthereaderfromthemainplot.C.Toexplainthethemeofthestory.D.Tosummarizetheeventsthatoccurred.参考答案：A7.Whichofthefollowingisaneffectivetechniquefororganizingacompare-and-contrastessay?A.Discussingonlysimilaritiesbetweenthetwosubjects.B.UsingaVenndiagramtooutlinethedifferences.C.Focusingononesubjectinthefirsthalfandtheotherinthesecondhalf.D.Avoidinganyexamplestokeeptheessayconcise.参考答案：B8.Whenwritingaformalessay,whichofthefollowingshouldyouuseforemphasis?A.Italicsforimportantwordsorphrases.B.Underliningtheentiresentence.C.Capitalizingeverywordinthesentence.D.Boldtextforquotesfromsources.参考答案：A9.Whichofthefollowingisakeyelementinasuccessfuldescriptiveessay?A.Usingtechnicaljargontosoundknowledgeable.B.Focusingonthefivesensestocreatevividimagery.C.Includingstatisticstosupportyourdescription.D.Avoidinganypersonalreflectionstomaintainobjectivity.参考答案：B10.Inareflectiveessay,whatisthemaingoalofthewriter?A.Topersuadethereadertoagreewiththeirperspective.B.Toentertainthereaderwithhumorousanecdotes.C.Tosharepersonalexperiencesandinsights.D.Toprovideadetailedanalysisofascientificconcept.参考答案：C二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.TheweatherinShanghaiisusually______insummer.参考答案：hot2.Myfatheroftengoestothegym______hehasfinishedhiswork.参考答案：after3.Sheis______tofinishtheprojectbynextMonday.参考答案：able4.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?Thereisn't______intheshaker.参考答案：much5.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.参考答案：the6.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______more.参考答案：read7.______isthecapitalofFrance.参考答案：Paris8.Theywillhaveaparty______theweekendcomes.参考答案：during9.Thisisthe______timeIhavevisitedthismuseum.参考答案：first10.Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______theirhomeworkbeforeclass.参考答案：do三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theuseoftransitionwordscanmakethestructureofanessaymorecoherent.参考答案：√2.Whenwritingadescriptiveparagraph,itisimportanttousespecificdetailstocreateavividpicture.参考答案：√3.Athesisstatementshouldalwaysbeplacedatthebeginningofthefirstparagraph.参考答案：√4.Inapersuasiveessay,thewritershouldonlypresentargumentsthatsupporttheiropinion.参考答案：×5.Thefive-paragraphessayformatistheonlyeffectivewaytoorganizeanessay.参考答案：×6.Whenusingdirectquotesinanessay,itisnecessarytoincludetheauthor'snameandthepagenumber.参考答案：√7.Awell-developedconclusionshouldsummarizethemainpointsoftheessayandprovideanewinsight.参考答案：√8.Itisacceptabletousethefirstpersonpointofviewinaformalacademicessay.参考答案：×9.Whenwritinganarrativeessay,itisimportanttomaintainachronologicalorderofevents.参考答案：√10.Theuseofathesauruscanhelpimprovethevocabularyofanessay.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.WhatarethethreemainpartsofatypicalEnglishessay?参考答案：AnEnglishessayusuallyhasthreemainparts:anintroduction,abody,andaconclusion.2.HowcanyoustartanEnglishessaytoattractthereader'sattention?参考答案：YoucanstartanEnglishessaybyusingacatchyquestion,asurprisingfact,oravividdescription.3.Explainthepurposeofusingtransitionwordsinanessay.参考答案：Transitionwordshelptoconnectideassmoothlyandguidethereaderthroughtheessay.4.Whatisthedifferencebetweenafactandanopinioninwriting?参考答案：Afactissomethingthatcanbeproventrueorfalse,whileanopinionisapersonalbelieforfeeling.5.Describetwowaystomakeyourwritingmoreinteresting.参考答案：Youcanmakeyourwritingmoreinterestingbyusingdescriptivelanguageandtellingastory.6.Whyisitimportanttocheckyourspellingandgrammarbeforesubmittinganessay?参考答案：Itisimportanttocheckspellingandgrammartoensureyouressayisclearandprofessional.7.Howcanyouuseexamplestosupportyourideasinanessay?参考答案：Youcanuseexamplestosupportyourideasbyprovidingspecificdetailsoranecdotes.8.Whatshouldyoudoifyouarestuckandcannotthinkofanythingtowrite?参考答案：Ifyouarestuck,youcantrybrainstorming,lookingupinformation,ortalkingtosomeoneforideas.五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）1.Youaregoingtowriteashortpassageaboutyourfavoriteholiday.Pleaseincludethefollowingpoints:whenyougo,whereyougo,whatyoudo,andwhyyoulikeit.参考答案：IlovespendingmywintervacationinHarbin.It'susuallyinJanuarywhenthecityiscoveredinsnow.WegotoIceandSnowWorldtoseetheamazingicesculpturesandplayontheiceslides.Ialsoenjoyeatinghotpotandicecream.Ilikeitbecauseit'samagicalandfunexperience.2.Imagineyouareareporter.Writeashortarticleaboutanewparkinyourcity.Includethenameofthepark,itslocation,whatfacilitiesithas,andhowpeoplefeelaboutit.参考答案：TheNewCityParkisabeautifulplacelocatedinthecenterofourcity.Ithasplaygrounds,sportsfields,alibrary,andasmalllake.Manypeopleloveitbecauseitprovidesapeacefulplacetorelaxandenjoynature.3.Yourschoolisgoingtohaveaculturalday.Writeashortparagraphsuggestingthreeactivitiesthatstudentscandotolearnaboutdifferentcultures.Explainwhytheseactivitiesareinteresting.参考答案：Fortheculturalday,Isuggestthreeactivities.First,wecanhaveatraditionalfoodtasting,wherestudentscantrydishesfromdifferentcountries.Second,wecanhaveaculturalfashionshow,wherestudentscanweartraditionalclothesfromaroundtheworld.Finally,wecanhavealanguageexchangesession,wherestudentscanpracticespeakingdifferentlanguages.Theseactivitiesareinterestingbecausetheyhelpuslearnaboutdifferentculturesandmakeourschoolmorediverse.4.Writeashortstoryaboutatimewhenyouhelpedsomeone.Includethepersonyouhelped,whathappened,andhowyoufeltafterward.参考答案：Onetime,Ihelpedanelderlyladycrossthestreet.Shewascarryingalotofbagsandlookingconfused.Iaskedifsheneededhelp,andshesaidyes.Ihelpedhercarryherbagsandcrossedthestreetsafely.Afterthat,shethankedmeandsmiled.IfelthappybecauseIcouldhelpsomeoneinneed.5.Youaregoingtovisitafriendwholivesinanothercountry.Writeashortemailtohim/her,askingabouthis/herdailylife,hobbies,andfavoritefood.参考答案：Dearfriend,Howareyoudoing?Iamgoingtovisityounextmonth.Iamveryexcitedtoseeyouandlearnaboutyourdailylife.Canyoutellmeaboutyourhobbies?Ialsowanttoknowwhatyourfavoritefoodis.Lookingforwardtoyourreply!6.Yourclassisgoingtoplanttreesinyourschool.Writeashortparagraphdescribinghowyouaregoingtohelp.Includewhatyouwilldobefore,during,andaftertheactivity.参考答案：Iamgoingtohelpwiththetreeplantingactivityinourschool.Beforetheactivity,Iwillhelppreparethetoolsandgathertheseeds.Duringtheactivity,Iwillworkwithmyclassmatestoplantthetreesandwaterthem.Aftertheactivity,Iwillhelpcleantheareaandmakesurethetreesaretakencareof.Iamexcitedtohelpbecauseitwillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.7.Writeashortparagraphaboutabookyourecentlyread.Includethetitleofthebook,theauthor,themaincharacters,andwhyyoulikeditordidnotlikeit.参考答案：Irecentlyreadabookcalled"TheMagicTreeHouse".ItwaswrittenbyMaryPopeOsborne.ThemaincharactersareJackandAnnie.Theygoonadventuresinamagicaltreehouse.Ilikedthebookbecauseitwasexcitingandfullofimagination.Thecharacterswereinteresting,andthestorieswerefuntoread.8.Yourschoolwantstoimproveitssportsfacilities.Writeashortlettertotheschoolprincipalsuggestingtwoimprovementsandexplainingwhytheyareimportant.参考答案：DearPrincipal,Iamwritingtosuggesttwoimprovementsforourschool'ssportsfacilities.First,Isuggestaddingmorebasketballcourtsbecausebasketballisapopularsportamongstudents.Second,Isuggestbuildinganewgymnasiumbecauseitwouldprovideabetterspaceforsportsactivities.Theseimprovementsareimportantbecausetheywouldmakeourschoolmoreattractiveandprovidemoreopportunitiesforstudentstostayactiveandhealthy.标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：C解析：在描写段落中，总结主要特征的句子应该放在最后，以提供结论性思想或感受。A选项中的开篇句用于引入主要思想，B选项中的句子添加了之前未提到的细节，D选项中的句子通过提问吸引读者，这些都不适合放在段落末尾。C选项中的总结句能够有效地结束段落并提供一个清晰的结论。2.参考答案：B解析：在五段式文章中，第二段通常是主要论点或支持论点的证据。A选项中的引言段落用于介绍主要思想，C选项中的结论段落用于总结全文，D选项中的第一段通常也是引言段落。B选项中的第二段是展开主要论点的地方，因此是正确答案。3.参考答案：C解析：为了提高写作的清晰度，应该避免在客观性文章中包含个人观点。A选项中使用过渡词连接思想有助于清晰度，B选项中写完整和复杂的句子可以增强表达，D选项中提供例子可以说明观点。C选项中包含个人观点会降低文章的客观性和清晰度。4.参考答案：B解析：在修改文章时，首先应该检查文章的结构。A选项中的检查语法错误是修改的一部分，但不是第一步。C选项中的校对拼写错误也是修改的一部分，但通常在结构修改之后进行。D选项中添加更多细节到引言通常是在结构修改之后。B选项中的修改文章结构是第一步，以确保文章的逻辑性和连贯性。5.参考答案：C解析：在说服性写作中，常见的错误是只呈现一个方面的论点。A选项中使用逻辑推理支持论点是有效的。B选项中使用情感诉求可以影响读者，但不应作为唯一的手段。D选项中引用可信来源支持论点是重要的。C选项中只呈现一个方面的论点会使文章缺乏平衡和说服力。6.参考答案：A解析：在叙事文章中，设置的主要目的是提供背景信息。B选项中的设置不应分散读者对主要情节的注意力。C选项中的设置不应解释故事的主题。D选项中的设置不应总结发生的事件。A选项中的设置提供背景信息，帮助读者更好地理解故事和人物。7.参考答案：B解析：在比较和对比文章中，使用维恩图来概述差异是一种有效的组织技术。A选项中只讨论相似之处会使文章缺乏深度。C选项中分别讨论每个主题可能使文章显得不连贯。D选项中避免例子会使文章过于简短。B选项中的维恩图可以帮助读者清晰地看到两个主题之间的差异。8.参考答案：A解析：在正式文章中，使用斜体强调重要单词或短语是一种常见且有效的方法。B选项中下划线整个句子可能显得过于强调。C选项中首字母大写整个句子会改变文章的格式。D选项中粗体引用来源通常用于直接引用。A选项中的斜体强调可以有效地突出重要内容。9.参考答案：B解析：在成功的描写文章中，使用五种感官来创造生动的图像是关键。A选项中使用技术术语可能使文章难以理解。C选项中使用统计数据支持描述可能使文章显得过于正式。D选项中避免个人反思可能使文章缺乏深度。B选项中的五种感官可以帮助读者更好地想象描述的场景。10.参考答案：C解析：在反思文章中，作者的主要目标是分享个人经历和见解。A选项中的说服读者可能使文章失去反思的本质。B选项中的娱乐读者可能使文章显得过于轻松。C选项中的分享个人经历和见解是反思文章的核心。D选项中提供科学概念的分析可能使文章过于学术化。二、填空题1.参考答案：hot解析：考查形容词。根据句意“上海的天气在夏天通常是热的”，应填hot，表示天气炎热。2.参考答案：after解析：考查连词。根据句意“我父亲通常在完成工作后去健身房”，应填after，表示先后顺序。3.参考答案：able解析：考查形容词。根据句意“她有能力在下周一下午完成这个项目”，应填able，表示有能力做某事。4.参考答案：much解析：考查代词。根据句意“你能把盐递给我吗？罐子里没盐了”，应填much，表示不可数名词的量。5.参考答案：the解析：考查冠词。根据句意“我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣”，应填the，表示特指。6.参考答案：read解析：考查动词。根据句意“如果你想提高英语，你应该多读书”，应填read，表示阅读动作。7.参考答案：Paris解析：考查名词。根据句意“巴黎是法国的首都”，应填Paris，表示地名。8.参考答案：during解析：考查介词。根据句意“他们将在周末来参加派对”，应填during，表示在某个时间段内。9.参考答案：first解析：考查形容词。根据句意“这是我第一次参观这个博物馆”，应填first，表示顺序。10.参考答案：do解析：考查动词。根据句意“老师要求学生在上课前完成作业”，应填do，表示做作业。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：Transitionwordsareessentialinwritingastheyhelptoconnectideasandcreateasmoothflowofthoughtsthroughouttheessay,makingtheoverallstructuremorecoherentandeasierforreaderstofollow.2.参考答案：√解析：Usingspecificdetailsinadescriptiveparagraphhelpstoengagethereader'ssensesandimagination,allowingthemtovisualizethesceneorsubjectbeingdescribed,whichenhancestheoveralleffectivenessofthewriting.3.参考答案：√解析：Thethesisstatementisacrucialelementofanessayasitpresentsthemainargumentorpurposeofthewriting.Placingitatthebeginningofthefirstparagraphhelpstoimmediatelyestablishthefocusanddirectionoftheessayforthereader.4.参考答案：×解析：Inapersuasiveessay,itisimportantforthewritertopresentabalancedviewbyacknowledgingandaddressingcounterarguments,notjustargumentsthatsupporttheirownopinion.Thisdemonstratescriticalthinkingandstrengthenstheoverallpersuasivenessoftheessay.5.参考答案：×解析：Whilethefive-paragraphessayformatisacommonandeffectivestructureformanytypesofessays,itisnottheonlywaytoorganizeanessay.Differenttypesofessaysmayrequiredifferentstructurestobestpresentthewriter'sideasandarguments.6.参考答案：√解析：Whenusingdirectquotesinanessay,itisimportanttoproperlycitethesourcetogivecredittotheoriginalauthorandtoavoidplagiarism.Includingtheauthor'snameandthepagenumberisacommoncitationmethodinmanyacademicstyles.7.参考答案：√解析：Awell-developedconclusionshouldnotonlysummarizethemainpointsoftheessaybutalsoprovideafinalthoughtorinsightthatleavesalastingimpressiononthereader.Thishelpstoreinforcethewriter'smessageandmaketheessaymorememorable.8.参考答案：×解析：Informalacademicwriting,theuseofthefirstpersonpointofviewisgenerallydiscouragedasitcanmakethewritingseemlessobjectiveandmoresubjective.Itisusuallymoreappropriatetousethethirdpersonpointofviewtomaintainaformaltone.9.参考答案：√解析：Maintainingachronologicalorderofeventsisimportantinanarrativeessayasithelpstocreateaclearandlogicalsequenceofevents,makingthestoryeasierforreaderstofollowandunderstandtheprogressionofthenarrative.10.参考答案：√解析：Usingathesauruscanbeahelpfultoolforwriterstoexpandtheirvocabularyandfindsynonymsforwordstheymaybeoverusingorwanttovaryintheirwriting,whichcanimprovetheoverallqualityandsophisticationoftheessay.四、简答题1.参考答案：AnEnglishessayusuallyhasthreemainparts:anintroduction,abody,andaconclusion.解析：本题考查英语作文的基本结构。一篇典型的英语作文由引言（introduction）、主体（body）和结论（conclusion）三部分组成。引言用于吸引读者并介绍主题，主体包含几个段落来展开论点，结论用于总结全文。掌握这一基本结构是写好英语作文的基础。2.参考答案：YoucanstartanEnglishessaybyusingacatchyquestion,asurprisingfact,oravividdescription.解析：本题考查英语作文的引言技巧。吸引读者注意力的方法有很多，例如提出一个引人入胜的问题（catchyquestion）、分享一个令人惊讶的事实（surprisingfact），或者使用生动的描述（vividdescription）。这些方法都能让读者产生兴趣，愿意继续阅读。3.参考答案：Transitionwordshelptoconnectideassmoothlyandguidethereaderthroughtheessay.解析：本题考查过渡词的作用。过渡词（transitionwords）在写作中起着连接句子和段落的作用，使文章的逻辑更加清晰，阅读更加流畅。例如，"however"表示转折，"therefore"表示因果，"inaddition"表示补充。使用过渡词可以让文章结构更加紧凑。4.参考答案：Afactissomethingthatcanbeproventrueorfalse,whileanopinionisapersonalbelieforfeeling.解析：本题考查事实与观点的区别。事实（fact）是指可以通过证据证明为真或假的事情，例如"TheEarthrevolvesaroundtheSun."而观点（opinion）是指个人的看法或感受，例如"Ithinkchocolateisthebesticecreamflavor."观点没有客观的标准。5.参考答案：Youcanmakeyourwritingmoreinterestingbyusingdescriptivelanguageandtellingastory.解析：本题考查提高写作趣味性的方法。使写作更生动有趣的方法有很多，例如使用描述性语言（descriptivelanguage）来描绘场景和人物，或者通过讲故事（tellingastory）来吸引读者。这些方法能让文章更具吸引力。6.参考答案：Itisimportanttocheckspellingandgrammartoensureyouressayisclearandprofessional.解析：本题考查检查拼写和语法的重要性。在提交作文前检查拼写和语法（spellingandgrammar）非常重要，因为这能确保文章表达清晰、专业。错误会降低文章的可读性，影响读者对内容的理解。7.参考答案：Youcanuseexamplestosupportyourideasbyprovidingspecificdetailsoranecdotes.解析：本题考查使用例子支持观点的方法。使用例子（examples）来支持观点（supportyourideas）是写作中常用的技巧。可以通过提供具体的细节（specificdetails）或轶事（anecdotes）来使论点更有说服力。8.参考答案：Ifyouarestuck,youcantrybrainstorming,lookingupinformation,ortalkingtosomeoneforideas.解析：本题考查写作遇到困难时的解决方法。当写作遇到困难时（stuck），可以尝试头脑风暴（brainstorming）来产生想法，查找信息（lookingupinformation）来获取知识，或者与人交谈（talkingtosomeone）来获得灵感。这些方法都能帮助克服写作障碍。五、应用题1.参考答案：IlovespendingmywintervacationinHarbin.It'susuallyinJanuarywhenthecityiscoveredinsnow.WegotoIceandSnowWorldtoseetheamazingicesculpturesandplayontheiceslides.Ialsoenjoyeatinghotpotandicecream.Ilikeitbecauseit'samagicalandfunexperience.解析：本题考查写作技巧，要求学生写一篇关于自己最喜欢的假期的短文。学生需要包括假期的时间、地点、活动和原因。参考答案提供了一个完整的例子，涵盖了所有要点，并且语言流畅自然。学生在写作时需要注意时态和语法的正确性，以及使用丰富的词汇和句式。2.参考答案：TheNewCityParkisabeautifulplacelocatedinthecenterofourcity.Ithasplaygrounds,sportsfields,alibrary,andasmalllake.Manypeopleloveitbecauseitprovidesapeacefulplacetorelaxandenjoynature.解析：本题考查写作技巧，要求学生写一篇关于城市新公园的短文。学生需要包括公园的名字、位置、设施和人们的感受。参考答案提供了一个完整的例子，涵盖了所有要点，并且语言流畅自然。学生在写作时需要注意时态和语法的正确性，以及使用丰富的词汇和句式。3.参考答案：Fortheculturalday,Isuggestthreeactivities.First,wecanhaveatraditionalfoodtasting,wherestudentscantrydishesfromdifferentcountries.Second,wecanhaveaculturalfashionshow,wherestudentscanweartraditionalclothesfromaroundtheworld.Finally,wecanhavealanguageexchangesession,wherestudentscanpracticespeakingdifferentlanguages.Theseactivitiesareinterestingbecausetheyhelpuslearnaboutdifferentculturesandmakeourschoolmorediverse.解析：本题考查写作技巧，要求学生写一篇关于学校文化日的短文。学生需要提出三个活动，并解释为什么这些活动有趣。参考答案提供了一个完整的例子，涵盖了所有要点，并且语言流畅自然。学生在写作时需要注意时态和语法的正确性，以及使用丰富的词汇和句式。4.参考答案：Onetime,Ihelpedanelderlyladycrossthestreet.Shewascarryingalotofbagsandlookingconfused.Iaskedifsheneededhelp,andshesaidyes.Ihelpedhercarryherbagsandcrossedthestreetsafely.Afterthat,shethankedmeandsmiled.IfelthappybecauseIcouldhelpsomeoneinneed