部编版高三英语下册第10单元语法知识点巩固习题及答案

部编版高三英语下册第10单元语法知识点巩固习题及答案第1页共1页部编版高三英语下册第10单元语法知识点巩固习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.Ifthepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent,whatisthetypicalstructureoftheverbform?A.have/has+pastparticipleB.am/is/are+presentparticipleC.was/were+pastparticipleD.will+baseform参考答案：A2.Inthesentence"ShehasbeenlivinginLondonforfiveyears,"whichtenseisusedandwhatdoesitindicateaboutthedurationoftheaction?A.Simplepresent,completedactionB.Presentperfect,continuousactionC.Pastcontinuous,interruptedactionD.Futureperfect,plannedaction参考答案：B3.Whencorrectingasentencelike"Hedon'tlikecoffee,"whatgrammaticalruleisbeingappliedinthecorrection"Hedoesn'tlikecoffee"?A.Subject-verbagreementB.TensechangeC.PrepositionusageD.Articleplacement参考答案：A4.Ifastudentwrites"Thecatismaseunderthetable,"whichgrammaticalerrorispresentandhowshoulditbecorrected?A.Verbformerror,shouldbe"makes"B.Prepositionerror,shouldbe"on"C.Articleerror,shouldbe"acat"D.Tenseerror,shouldbe"wasmaking"参考答案：B5.Inthesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder,"whatmoodisbeingusedandwhatdoesitindicate?A.Presentindicative,factualstatementB.Pastindicative,completedactionC.Presentsubjunctive,hypotheticalsituationD.Futureindicative,plannedaction参考答案：C6.Whentranslatingthesentence"Theyhavegonetothestore"intopassivevoice,whatwouldbethecorrectpassiveconstruction?A.TheyhavebeentothestoreB.ThestorehasbeengonebythemC.TheyhavebeengonetothestoreD.Thestorehasbeenvisitedbythem参考答案：D7.Inthesentence"Althoughitwasraining,theywentforawalk,"whatconjunctionisusedtoconnectthetwoindependentclauses?A.BecauseB.SoC.ButD.Or参考答案：C8.Ifastudentwrites"Sheismoreintelligentthanhe,"whatgrammaticalstructureisbeingusedtocomparethetwosubjects?A.SuperlativedegreeB.ComparativedegreeC.PositivedegreeD.Interrogativestructure参考答案：B9.Inthesentence"Theteacherasked,'Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?'"whattypeofpunctuationisusedtosetoffthedirectquote?A.CommaB.PeriodC.ColonD.Semicolon参考答案：A10.Whenformingthepastperfecttense,whatstructureisusedwithregularverbs?A.had+baseformB.had+pastparticipleC.was/were+pastparticipleD.willhave+pastparticiple参考答案：B二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.Themanageraskedthestaffifthey______readyforthemeeting.参考答案：were2.______shehadfinishedherhomework,shewentouttoplay.参考答案：Assoonas3.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetohimimmediately.参考答案：were4.Notonly______thestudentsbutalsotheteacher______interestedinthetopic.参考答案：did/were5.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.参考答案：The6.Itisimportanttokeepa______dietandexerciseregularly.参考答案：balanced7.Thecompanyislookingforsomeonewhois______andhardworking.参考答案：creative8.______youstudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.参考答案：Theharder/more9.Theteachertoldthestudentsto______theirvoicesintheclassroom.参考答案：keep10.Thenewpolicywillaffect______employeesinthecompany.参考答案：all三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Therelativeclausecanbeusedtomodifyanounorapronoun.参考答案：√2.Inreportedspeech,theverbtenseusuallychangesaccordingtothereportingverbtense.参考答案：×3.Theword"however"isusuallyplacedatthebeginningofasentencewhenusedasaconjunctiveadverb.参考答案：×4.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.参考答案：×5.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpresssuggestionsorrequests.参考答案：√6.Theword"too"isanadverbofdegree.参考答案：√7.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.参考答案：√8.Theword"because"canbeusedasaconjunctiontointroduceasubordinateclause.参考答案：√9.Thegerundcanfunctionasthesubjectofasentence.参考答案：√10.Theword"its"isapossessivepronoun.参考答案：×四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.WhatisthestructureofarelativeclauseinEnglish?参考答案：Arelativeclauseisatypeofdependentclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutanounornounphrase.Itusuallybeginswitharelativepronoun(who,whom,whose,which,that)orarelativeadverb(when,where,why).Forexample,"ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting."2.Howdoyouformthepassivevoicewiththeverb"write"inthepresentperfecttense?参考答案：Thepassivevoicewiththeverb"write"inthepresentperfecttenseisformedas"has/havewritten".Forexample,"Theletterhasbeenwrittenbyhim."3.Canyouexplainthedifferencebetween"too"and"also"inEnglish?参考答案："Too"isusedtoindicateanexcessiveamountordegree,while"also"isusedtoindicatesomethingadditionalorbesidessomethingelse.Forexample,"Heistootiredtocontinueworking."and"Shelikesreadingbooks,andshealsolikeswatchingmovies."4.Inwhatsituationsshouldthesubjunctivemoodbeused?参考答案：Thesubjunctivemoodisusedinhypotheticalsituations,wishes,suggestions,demands,requests,andcommands.Forexample,"IfIwereyou,Iwouldcallhim."and"Isuggestthatheshouldstudyharder."5.Whatisthefunctionofagerundinasentence?参考答案：Agerundisaverbformthatendsin"-ing"andfunctionsasanouninasentence.Itcanbethesubject,object,orcomplementofaverb,orthesubjectorobjectofapreposition.Forexample,"Readingismyfavoritehobby."and"Heenjoysswimming."6.HowdoyouaskaquestioninEnglishusingthestructure"Wh-+auxiliaryverb+subject+mainverb"?参考答案：ToaskaquestioninEnglishusingthestructure"Wh-+auxiliaryverb+subject+mainverb,"youneedtoplacetheauxiliaryverbbeforethesubjectandthenthemainverb.Forexample,"Whereareyougoing?"and"Whathaveyoubeendoing?"7.Whatisthedifferencebetween"lie"and"lay"inEnglish?参考答案："Lie"isanintransitiveverbthatmeanstoreclineorbepositionedhorizontally,while"lay"isatransitiveverbthatmeanstoputorplacesomethingdown.Forexample,"Heliesonthebed."and"Shelaidthebookonthetable."8.Howdoyouexpressfuturepossibilitiesusingthemodalverb"may"?参考答案：Themodalverb"may"isusedtoexpresspossibilityoruncertaintyaboutthefuture.Forexample,"Itmayraintomorrow."and"Shemaybelateforthemeeting."五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）（请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写最后结果不得分）1.YouaregoingtowritealettertoyourpenpalinAustralia.HeisinterestedinChineseculture.Writealetterofabout100words,usingthefollowingpoints:-Greetyourpenpal.-TellhimabouttheSpringFestival,includinghowyouspendit.-Askhimabouthisfavoriteholidayandwhy.-Endtheletterwithawish.参考答案：DearPenPal,Howareyoudoing?I'mgladtotellyouabouttheSpringFestival.It'sthemostimportantholidayinChina.Weusuallyhaveabigfamilydinner,giveredenvelopestochildren,andsetofffireworks.Ialsoenjoyvisitingmyrelatives.What'syourfavoriteholiday?Whydoyoulikeit?Iwishyouahappylife!2.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbinbrackets:-IfI______(have)acar,I______(go)tothecountrysidethisweekend.-She______(notfinish)herhomeworkbecauseshe______(watch)amovieallevening.-______you______(be)ontimetomorrow,we______(start)themeetingearlier.参考答案：have,willgo,didn'tfinish,watched,Were,willstart3.Rewritethefollowingsentences,usingthestructure"Itisimportantforsb.todosth.":-Weshouldstudyhard.-HeneedstoimprovehisEnglish.-Theymusthelptheold.参考答案：Itisimportantforustostudyhard.ItisimportantforhimtoimprovehisEnglish.Itisimportantforthemtohelptheold.4.Changethefollowingsentencesintopassivevoice:-Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.-Mymothercookeddinnerlastnight.-Wewillfinishtheprojectnextweek.参考答案：Theclassroomisbeingcleanedbythestudents.Dinnerwascookedbymymotherlastnight.Theprojectwillbefinishedbyusnextweek.5.Completethesecondsentencesothatithasasimilarmeaningtothefirstone:-Heisthetallestboyinhisclass.-____________heinhisclass?-Shedidn'tgotothepartyyesterday.-______shetothepartyyesterday?6.Completetheconversationwithappropriatewords:-A:Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?-B:I______(go)tothelibrarytostudy.-A:______you______(do)anythinginteresting?-B:Yes,I______(visit)mygrandparentsonSunday.参考答案：amgoing,areyougoingtodo,amgoingtovisit7.Completethefollowingparagraphwithappropriatewordsfromthebox.Thereisoneextraword.|often|usually|sometimes|always|never|Lastsummer,I______(1)gotothebeachwithmyfamily.We______(2)swimintheseaand______(3)buildsandcastles.Mybrother______(4)eattoomuchicecream,butI______(5)drinkwater.Itwasafunholiday!参考答案：sometimes,usually,sometimes,never,always8.Youaregoingtogiveaspeechataschoolmeeting.Yourtopicis"TheImportanceofReading".Writeaspeechofabout100words,usingthefollowingpoints:-Greettheaudience.-Statetheimportanceofreading.-Givetworeasonswhyreadingisimportant.-Endthespeechwithacalltoaction.参考答案：Dearteachersandstudents,Goodmorning!Today,Iwanttotalkabouttheimportanceofreading.Readingisveryimportantforourgrowth.First,itcanhelpuslearnnewknowledge.Second,itcanimproveourlanguageskills.Icalloneveryonetoreadmorebooksandenjoytheworldofknowledge!标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：A解析：本题考查现在完成时的结构。现在完成时描述过去开始并持续到现在的动作，其结构为have/has+过去分词。选项B是现在进行时，选项C是过去时，选项D是将来完成时，均不符合现在完成时的结构。2.参考答案：B解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法。句子"ShehasbeenlivinginLondonforfiveyears"使用了现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去开始并持续到现在，强调动作的持续性。选项A是简单现在时，选项C是过去进行时，选项D是将来完成时，均不符合句子的时态和意义。3.参考答案：A解析：本题考查主谓一致规则。在一般现在时中，第三人称单数的主语需要与动词形式保持一致，"Hedon'tlikecoffee"中的"don't"应改为"doesn't"。选项B是时态变化，选项C是介词使用，选项D是冠词使用，均与该错误无关。4.参考答案：B解析：本题考查介词使用。句子"Thecatismaseunderthetable"中的"mase"应为"under"，表示猫在桌子下面。选项A是动词形式错误，选项C是冠词错误，选项D是时态错误，均不符合句子的语法和意义。5.参考答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气。句子"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder"使用了虚拟语气中的现在虚拟式，表示与事实相反的假设情况。选项A是现在时态，选项B是过去时态，选项D是将来时态，均不符合虚拟语气的用法。6.参考答案：D解析：本题考查被动语态的构成。将"Theyhavegonetothestore"转换为被动语态应为"Thestorehasbeenvisitedbythem"。选项A是现在完成时，选项B和C是主动语态的错误转换，选项D是正确的被动语态结构。7.参考答案：C解析：本题考查连词的使用。句子"Althoughitwasraining,theywentforawalk"使用了"Although"连接两个独立分句，表示让步关系。选项A是原因连词，选项B是结果连词，选项D是选择连词，均不符合句子的逻辑关系。8.参考答案：B解析：本题考查比较级结构。句子"Sheismoreintelligentthanhe"使用了比较级结构来比较两个主体的智力水平。选项A是最高级，选项C是原级，选项D是疑问结构，均不符合句子的比较关系。9.参考答案：A解析：本题考查直接引语的标点符号。句子"Theteacherasked,'Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?'"使用了逗号来分隔直接引语和引语外的句子部分。选项B、C、D均不是用于设置直接引语的正确标点符号。10.参考答案：B解析：本题考查过去完成时的构成。过去完成时描述在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，其结构为had+过去分词。选项A是现在完成时，选项C是过去时，选项D是将来完成时，均不符合过去完成时的结构。二、填空题1.参考答案：were解析：本题考查〈时态〉。根据句意，staff是复数，表示多个工作人员，因此谓语动词需要用复数形式were。主句描述的是过去的情况，所以使用一般过去时。2.参考答案：Assoonas解析：本题考查〈连词用法〉。根据句意，表示“一……就……”，需要使用assoonas引导时间状语从句。主句描述的是过去的情况，所以使用一般过去时。3.参考答案：were解析：本题考查〈虚拟语气〉。根据句意，表示与过去事实相反的假设，需要使用虚拟语气，动词用过去式were。4.参考答案：did/were解析：本题考查〈倒装句〉。Notonly位于句首，句子需要部分倒装，将助动词did提前。主语是复数thestudents和theteacher，谓语动词用复数形式were。5.参考答案：The解析：本题考查〈冠词用法〉。根据句意，特指“我借自图书馆的书”，需要使用定冠词the。6.参考答案：balanced解析：本题考查〈形容词用法〉。根据句意，表示“均衡的”，需要使用形容词balanced修饰diet。7.参考答案：creative解析：本题考查〈形容词用法〉。根据句意，表示“有创造力的”，需要使用形容词creative修饰someone。8.参考答案：Theharder/more解析：本题考查〈比较级用法〉。根据句意，表示“越努力，越能通过考试”，需要使用比较级形式harder或more。Theharder表示程度更深，Themore表示程度更多。9.参考答案：keep解析：本题考查〈动词用法〉。根据句意，表示“保持安静”，需要使用动词keep的原形。10.参考答案：all解析：本题考查〈代词用法〉。根据句意，表示“所有”，需要使用代词all。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，可以提供关于这个名词或代词的额外信息。例如，"ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting."中的"thatIreadyesterday"就是一个定语从句，修饰了名词"book"。2.参考答案：×解析：本题考查间接引语的变化规则。在间接引语中，如果引述的内容是过去时态，那么根据引述动词的时态，间接引语有时会保持原时态，有时会变成过去时态，有时会变成过去完成时态。例如，"Hesaid,'Iamtired.'"变成间接引语就是"Hesaidthathewastired."，如果引述动词是过去时态，如"Hesaidthathehadtired."。3.参考答案：×解析：本题考查连接副词的用法。当"however"作为连接副词时，通常放在句子的句首，并且后面需要用逗号隔开。例如，"Heisverysmart;however,heisnotverytall."4.参考答案：×解析：本题考查主动语态和被动语态的用法。主动语态和被动语态的正式程度取决于具体的语境和文体，并不是绝对的。在某些情况下，主动语态可能比被动语态更正式，反之亦然。5.参考答案：√解析：本题考查虚拟语气的用法。虚拟语气中的现在时态通常用来表达建议、要求、愿望等。例如，"Isuggestthatheshouldstudyharder."中的"should"就是虚拟语气的一种用法。6.参考答案：√解析：本题考查程度副词的用法。"Too"是一个程度副词，用来表示“太”或“过于”。例如，"Itistoohottogooutside."中的"too"就是用来修饰形容词"hot"的。7.参考答案：√解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法。现在完成时用来描述一个在过去开始并持续到现在的动作。例如，"Ihavelivedherefortenyears."中的"havelived"就是现在完成时态。8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查从属连词的用法。"Because"是一个从属连词，用来引导原因状语从句。例如，"Hestayedhomebecausehewassick."中的"because"就是用来引导原因状语从句的。9.参考答案：√解析：本题考查动名词的用法。动名词是动词的-ing形式，可以作为名词使用，包括作主语。例如，"Readingismyfavoritehobby."中的"Reading"就是动名词作主语。10.参考答案：×解析：本题考查所有格代词的用法。"Its"是所有格代词，用来表示所属关系，但"its"没有复数形式。例如，"Thecatlickeditspaws."中的"its"就是用来表示猫的爪子。四、简答题1.参考答案：Arelativeclauseisatypeofdependentclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutanounornounphrase.Itusuallybeginswitharelativepronoun(who,whom,whose,which,that)orarelativeadverb(when,where,why).Forexample,"ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting."解析：本题考查“定语从句的结构”。定语从句是英语中重要的语法结构，用于修饰名词或代词。它由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导，并在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或状语。例如，"Thegirlwhoissittingnexttomeismysister."其中，"whoissittingnexttome"是一个定语从句，修饰"Thegirl"。关系代词在从句中可以作主语或宾语，关系副词可以作状语。2.参考答案：Thepassivevoicewiththeverb"write"inthepresentperfecttenseisformedas"has/havewritten".Forexample,"Theletterhasbeenwrittenbyhim."解析：本题考查“现在完成时的被动语态”。现在完成时的被动语态由"have/hasbeen+过去分词"构成。例如，"Thereportwillhavebeenfinishedbythetimeyouarrive."其中，"willhavebeenfinished"是现在完成时的被动语态。注意，当主语是复数时，使用"havebeen"，当主语是单数时，使用"hasbeen"。3.参考答案："Too"isusedtoindicateanexcessiveamountordegree,while"also"isusedtoindicatesomethingadditionalorbesidessomethingelse.Forexample,"Heistootiredtocontinueworking."and"Shelikesreadingbooks,andshealsolikeswatchingmovies."解析：本题考查“too”和“also”的用法区别”。"Too"通常用于表示“太...”的意思，常放在形容词或副词之后，表示程度过高。例如，"Thecoffeeistoohottodrink."而"also"用于表示“也”或“同样”的意思，通常放在动词之前或句中。例如，"Ilikeapples,andIalsolikebananas."4.参考答案：Thesubjunctivemoodisusedinhypotheticalsituations,wishes,suggestions,demands,requests,andcommands.Forexample,"IfIwereyou,Iwouldcallhim."and"Isuggestthatheshouldstudyharder."解析：本题考查“虚拟语气”。虚拟语气用于表示与事实相反的假设、愿望、建议、要求等。例如，"IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld."其中，"had"是虚拟语气中的过去式形式。5.参考答案：Agerundisaverbformthatendsin"-ing"andfunctionsasanouninasentence.Itcanbethesubject,object,orcomplementofaverb,orthesubjectorobjectofapreposition.Forexample,"Readingismyfavoritehobby."and"Heenjoysswimming."解析：本题考查“动名词的用法”。动名词是动词的一种形式，以"-ing"结尾，在句中可以作名词使用。例如，"Swimmingisfun."其中，"Swimming"是动名词，作句子的主语。动名词可以作动词的宾语，如"Ilikereading."也可以作介词的宾语，如"Heisinterestedinplayingthepiano."6.参考答案：ToaskaquestioninEnglishusingthestructure"Wh-+auxiliaryverb+subject+mainverb,"youneedtoplacetheauxiliaryverbbeforethesubjectandthenthemainverb.Forexample,"Whereareyougoing?"and"Whathaveyoubeendoing?"解析：本题考查“特殊疑问句的构成”。特殊疑问句用于询问特定信息，通常由"Wh-"词（Who,What,Where,When,Why,How）或"Howmuch/many"引导，并使用助动词、情态动词或be动词提前。例如，"Whyareyoulate?"其中，"Why"是疑问词，"are"是助动词，"you"是主语，"late"是主要动词。7.参考答案："Lie"isanintransitiveverbthatmeanstoreclineorbepositionedhorizontally,while"lay"isatransitiveverbthatmeanstoputorplacesomethingdown.Forexample,"Heliesonthebed."and"Shelaidthebookonthetable."解析：本题考查“lie”和“lay”的用法区别”。"Lie"是不及物动词，表示“躺”或“位于”，例如，"Thecatislyingonthesofa."而"lay"是及物动词，表示“放置”或“放下”，例如，"Helaidthekeysonthetable."注意，"lie"的过去式和过去分词都是"lay"，而"lay"的过去式是"laid"，过去分词是"laid"。8.参考答案：Themodalverb"may"isusedtoexpresspossibilityoruncertaintyaboutthefuture.Forexample,"Itmayraintomorrow."and"Shemaybelateforthemeeting."解析：本题考查“情态动词may的用法”。情态动词"may"用于表示可能性或不确定性，通常用于主语为第三人称单数时。例如，"Theweatherforecastsaysitmaybesunnytomorrow."其中，"may"表示对明天天气的猜测。五、应用题1.参考答案：DearPenPal,Howareyoudoing?I'mgladt