新编MBA英语综合教程（第二版）课件 Unit 4 Business Communication

Unit

Four

BusinessCommunicationLead-intransmission[trænsˑmɪʃn]n.传送;传递staffing[stɑ:fɪŋ]n.人员配备；安置职工integral[ˑɪntɪɡrəl]a.完整的；必须的feedback[ˑfi:dbæk]n.反馈hierarchy[ˑhaɪərɑ:ki]n.分层，层次；等级制度superior[su:ˑpɪəriə(r)]n.上级subordinate[səˑbɔ:dɪnət]n.下级；部下goaloriented目标指向regulate[ˑreɡjJleɪt]v.控制，管理grapevine[ˑɡreɪpvaɪn]n.小道消息manual[ˑmænjuəl]n.手册；指南B.Trytoanswerthefollowingquestionsaboutbusinesscommunicationbriefly.1.Whatis“communication”?2.Whatisthefunctionofbusinesscommunicationinanorganization?Key:Communicationisneitherthetransmissionofamessagenorthemessageitself.Itisthemutualexchangeofunderstanding,originatingwiththereceiver.Communicationneedstobeeffectiveinbusiness.Communicationistheessenceofmanagement.Key:Thebasicfunctionsofmanagement(Planning,Organizing,Staffing,DirectingandControlling)cannotbeperformedwellwithouteffectivecommunication.3.Whatisessentialtothesuccessandgrowthofanorganization?

4.HowmanytypesofbusinesscommunicationarethereAndwhatarethey?

Key:Thereshouldbeeffectivecommunicationbetweensuperiorsandsubordinatesinanorganization,betweenorganizationandsocietyatlarge(forexamplebetweenmanagementandtradeunions).Itisessentialforthesuccessandgrowthofanorganization.Key:BusinessCommunicationcanbeoftwotypes:1.OralCommunication—Anoralcommunicationcanbeformalorinformal.Generallybusinesscommunicationisaformalmeansofcommunication,like:meetings,interviews,groupdiscussion,speechesetc.Anexampleofinformalbusinesscommunicationwouldbegrapevine.2.WrittenCommunication—Writtenmeansofbusinesscommunicationincludesagenda,reports,manualsetc.

IntensiveReading

EightWaystoGetaDifficultConversationBackonTrackStart-upquestionHaveyoueverbeenstuckupinaconversationwhichmakesyoucannotmoveforwardyourplan?Howdidyousolvetheproblemorwhatdoyouthinkmakeyoustuckup?▶accurately[ˑækjərətli]adv.准确地；精确地

Youneedtohittheballaccurately.你必须准确击球。▶agility[əˑdʒɪləti]n.敏捷，机敏Hehadtheagilityofamanhalfhisage.他的敏捷赶得上岁数比他小一半的人。▶alliance[ə'laɪəns]n.联盟；结盟Thealliancestandsreadytodowhatisnecessary.该联盟已准备好采取必要行动。▶assault[ə'sɔːlt]n.攻击；突袭Thearmyreneweditsassaultonthecapital.军队重新发动对首都的攻击。▶assume[əˈsuːm]v.假定；认为Wewerewrongtoassumethatshe'dagree.我们错误地以为她会同意。▶assumption[ə'sʌmpʃn]n.假定；设想Hisactionswerebasedonafalseassumption.他的行为基于错误的设想。▶offload[ˌɒfˑləʊd]v.卸下，卸货It'snicetohavesomeoneyoucanoffloadyourproblemsonto.你有个能分忧的人真是不错。▶commitment[kə'mɪtmənt]n.承诺；保证Wemadeacommitmenttokeepworkingtogether.我们作了承诺要继续在一起工作。▶undertake[ˌʌndəˑteɪk]v.承担；从事Universityprofessorsbothteachandundertakeresearch.大学教授既要教学又要从事研究工作。▶contempt

[kən'tempt]n.轻视；轻蔑Shelookedathimwithcontempt.她轻蔑地看着他。▶defend[dɪˑfend]v.捍卫；辩护Hehashiredalawyertodefendhimagainsttheallegation.他已聘请一位律师为他所受的指控辩护。▶derail[dɪ'reɪl]v.使脱轨；使中途改变Thislatestincidentcouldderailthepeaceprocess.最近这个事件可能会扰乱和平进程。▶exasperate[ɪɡ'zæspəreɪt]

v.使……恼怒；激怒ThisseemedtoexasperatethePrince.这话似乎激怒了王子。▶exhaust[ɪɡ'zɔːst]v.使筋疲力尽；耗尽There'snoneedtoexhaustyourselfclearingup—we'lldoit.你不必筋疲力尽地收拾—我们会做的。▶facilitate[fə'sɪlɪteɪt]v.促进；使便利Thenewairportwillfacilitatethedevelopmentoftourism.新机场将促进旅游业的发展。▶fortified['fɔːtəfaɪd]a.能防御的；加固了的Whowillbringmetothefortifiedcity?谁能领我进坚固城。▶frontal['frʌntl]

a.正面的Theylaunchedafrontalattackoncompanydirectors.他们向公司董事发起了正面攻击。▶frustrate

['frʌstreɪt]v.使沮丧；使灰心Genderinequalitycontinuestofrustratealotoffemaleemployees.性别不平等仍然让许多女员工感到沮丧。▶goof[ɡuːf]v.犯错误；把……弄得一团糟Don'tgoofup.Thisprojectistooimportant.别出岔子。这个计划太重要了。▶nonjudgmental[nɒnˌdʒʌdʒ'mentl]a不偏不倚的Cultivatinganonjudgmentalawarenessofthepresentbestowsahostofbenefits.培养对当下不予评判的意识带来很多好处。▶rebut[rɪ'bʌt][v].反驳；辩驳Itisbetterforthepresentnottorebuthisscheme.最好现在不要否决他的计划。▶resist

[rɪ'zɪst]v.抵制；抵抗Fewcanresistthelureofadventure.很少有人能抵御历险的诱惑力。▶stonewalling[ˈstəʊnwɔːlɪŋ]n.阻碍Thewitnessesarestonewallingourinvestigation.证人们阻碍着我们的调查。▶territory

['terətɔːri]n.领域；范围Thewarwascarriedintoenemyterritory.战争已推进到敌方境内。▶implement[ˑɪmplɪm(ə)nt]v.实施，执行Leadershipisabouttheabilitytoimplementchange.领导才能是一种实行变革的能力。▶transparency[trænsˑpærənsi]n.透明度Cataractsaffectthetransparencyoftheeye'slenses.

白内障影响眼睛晶状体的透明度。▶trick[trɪk]n.技巧It'sanoldtrickbutitjustmightwork.它是个老把戏，不过也许能管用。withhold[wɪðˑhəʊld]v.隐瞒It'sneverwisetowithholdevidence.隐瞒证据绝不明智。Readthestatementsbelowanddecideiftheyagreewiththeinformationgiveninthereading.(MarkTrue—ifthestatementagreeswiththearticle;False—ifthestatementcontradictsthearticle.)

1.Asabusinessschoolleader,Davidfeltsuccessfulinbuildinghisteammembers’commitmentandsenseofownership.2.LeeladisagreedwithDavid’splanbecauseDaviddidn’twintheargumentthroughlogic,force,orstamina.3.“Comingaroundtothesamesideofthetable”willhelpbuildanalliancewithyouwhenaconversationgetsstuck.4.Ifwewanttoreachaquickagreement,weneedtogettheothersadoptourvieworapproach.5.Togetaneffectiveconversation,Davidhadbettershiftintoalearningmoderatherthanforcehisplansthrough.6.Itisnoteasytoreceivefeedbackbecausepeopleusuallydon’twanttocooperatewithothers.key:1.F2.F3.T4.F5.T6.Fkey:1.emotion;acknowledge2.agreement;decisions3.shift;domestic4.tactic;trust;5.exasperation;

CompletethefollowingsentencesbyfillingeachofthemarkedblankswithoneortwocontentwordsusingChineseequivalentsinthebracketsasthereference.1.Oneofthefirststepsindealingwith

(情绪)

suchasangerorfearisto

(承认)themasnormal.2.Next,imaginethatyou’vediscussedtheagendaitemsandcometoan

(一致)ontheimportant

(决议)youneededtomake.3.Thatchangemirrorsthe

(转型)

inChina’seconomyfrommanufacturedexportsto

(国内的)consumption.4.Socially,itmaybeagood

(策略)

tohideourtrueemotionsbutmorallyitisalsoabreachoffaithand

(信任).5.

Harrylookedupathisuncleandfeltamixtureof

(愤怒)

andamusement.Completethefollowingsentenceswithonefunctionword.

1.Asmanytook

thedutyoftryingtointegratereasoningandscientificphilosophiesintotheworld,theRenaissancewasoveranditwastimeforanewera—theAgeofReason.key:onCompletethefollowingsentenceswithonefunctionword.

2.TheWhiteHousesaysaftertheletterwassent,theNorthKoreanshavebeencommunicatingagain,andthepresident’srecenttweetshaveindicatedthatthesummitisback

track.key:onCompletethefollowingsentenceswithonefunctionword.3.Americansassumethatpeoplewillhavetheirprivatethoughtsthatmightneverbeshared

anyone.key:withCompletethefollowingsentenceswithonefunctionword.4.SinceIannouncedmyintention

retire,Ihavebeenstruckbyoverwhelmingexpressionsofheartfeltsympathy.key:toCompletethefollowingsentenceswithonefunctionword.5.Intoday’sworld,ithasbecomenormalthatwell-paidexecutivesshouldnotbeaccountable

thisprocess.key:forCompletethefollowingsentenceswithonefunctionword.6.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwhatthey’resupposed

bedoing:working,makingmoney,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.key:tokey:1.withnolossofpay2.thekeystomakingyourdreamscometrue3.bywhichImean4.willforcethroughthesale5.defendourmotherlandCompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChinesegiveninthebrackets.1.Itwouldbephasedinasafour-dayweek,supposedly(不会降低薪水).2.Iwasbroughtuptobelievethathardworkandgoodplanningare(实现梦想的关键).3.Instead,themosteffectivethingyoucandotohavemorefunistofocusonitsingredients,___________(我的意思是),doeverythingyoucantofillyourlife.withmoremomentsofplayfulness,connectionandflow.4.ExecutivesatthefirmandothershareholdersinCarrefourarenowwaitingtoseewhetherBlueCapital(会强行通过这个交易).5.Wearedeterminedto(保卫我们的祖国)atallcosts.

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.当销售团队中有人散布谣言说产品不好用或很难使用时，这些谣言中会有真实的因素。但是，这些谣言经常被夸大其词，若没有人处理此事，销售额就会下降。Whenrumoursspreadacrossthesalesteamsthataproductdoesn’tworkorisdifficulttoimplement,theremaybeanelementoftruthinthem.Butoftentherumorisexaggeratedandmeansthatnoonewantstodealwithit...andsosalesdecrease.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Therearemanymotivesformaliciousgossip.Projectingourownfeelingsofinadequacyonothersbyputtingthemdownridsusofourbadfeelingsandmakesusfeelsuperior.Gossipallowsustoretaliateagainstperceivedunfairness,actoutpassive-aggressiveandenviousfeelingsandredresspowerimbalances.Peoplereverttogossipwhentheybelievetheycannotconfrontanissuedirectly.恶意的流言蜚语是有很多动机的。通过贬低别人而把自己能力不足的感觉投射到他们身上，能够使我们摆脱糟糕的感觉，并使自己感觉似乎优于他人。流言蜚语使我们能够反击感知到的不公正，把消极攻击和嫉妒的情感付诸行动，并矫正力量上的失衡。当人们认为无法直面一个问题的时候，就会重新考虑去编造流言蜚语。ExtendedReadingNewsMediaMovetoBanAdBlockersFromWebsitesRobertCooksonA.Questionsfordiscussion.1.Whatdoyouthinkofadsonwebsites?Aretheyhelpfulorbothersomeetoyou?

Everycoinhastwosides.Adsonthewebsitescanbebothhelpfulandbothersome.2.Ifpeopleuseadblockerswhichcannotdistinguishpooradvertisementsfromqualityones,whatwillhappentoadvertisement?3.AsanInternetuser,doyousupporttheideaofusingadblockers?Why?Itwillstopad-blockingusersfromgettingcorrectinformationfromqualityadvertisements,somostad-blockingusersdonotobjecttoareasonableadvertisingexperience.Theanswerisopentodiscuss.B.Preparea10-minutepresentationon“ProposalsonUsingAdBlockerTechnology”anddeliveritintheclass.ListeningListentothefirstpartofalessonintroductionandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.Writeyouranswersinthespaceprovided.Whatarethethreetypesofbusinesscommunicationinsidetheorganizationbetweenexecutives,managersandemployees?Thefirsttype:Thesecondtype:Thethirdtype:Communicationcanmoveupwardthroughanorganizationfromemployeesgivingfeedbacktoexecutives.Communicationcanmovedownwardbyexecutivesandmanagerscommunicatinggoals,initiatives,andperformancetoemployees.Communicationcanmovehorizontallybetweenpeersanddepartmentsworkingtoaccomplishtasksandprojects.Whatisface-to-facecommunication?Andwhataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofit?Whatisface-to-facecommunication?

Advantages

DisadvantagesFace-to-facecommunicationoccurswhenthepeoplecommunicatingareineachother’sphysicalpresence.Thisistheoldestformofcommunicationandstilloftenthemosteffectivewhenyouwanttomakesurethatapointisunderstoodproperly.Itgivesallpartiesinvolvedachancetointeractandgobackandforthinaquickandaccuratemanner.Theabilitytoemphasizepassion,commitment,andfeelingsdirectlytoanaudiencecanmakeface-to-faceaveryeffectiveformofcommunicating.Thiscanbedoneone-on-oneorthroughgroupmeetings.Manyleadersbelievethisisthemostprofessionalwaytodeliverbadnewsorimportantnewsthatisvitaltothecompany.Afewdisadvantagestothistypeofcommunicationarethattheconversationcaneasilygetofftopicandmayneedtobere-directed.Itcansometimesleadtoincreasedtensionifthepartiesparticipatingarenotfondofeachotherorhavedeep-rooteddifferencesinthetopicordirectiontheybelieveaprojectorbusinessshouldbegoing.C.Listentothethirdpartoftheintroductionandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.Writeyouranswersintheprovidedspaces.Whatdoese-mailcommunicationinclude?Andwhatareadvantagesanddisadvantagesofit?

Whatdoese-mailcommunicationinclude?

Advantages

DisadvantagesE-mailcanincludedocumentsorimagesthatalsomakeitapreferredmethodoverprintingsomethingoutandhand-deliveringorfaxingitinatimelymanner.Itisquick,cheap,andworksgreatforcompaniesspreadallovertheglobe.Itallowsforcommunicationthatisconvenientforthereceiverandsender.Afewdisadvantagesarethate-mailislesspersonalthanface-to-faceorphonecommunicationandoftencanleadtomisunderstandings(messagescanbemisinterpretedduetohowthingsarewrittenandperceived).E-mailcanalsobecomeoverwhelmingattimeswithseveralmessagesgoingbackandforthwithmultiplepartiesinvolved.Manytimes,employeeslosesightofthefactthatasimplephonecallorface-to-facemeetingfortwominuteswouldhavegotthejobdonemoreefficiently.D.

Listentothelastpartoftheintroductionandthenanswerthefollowingquestion.Writeyouranswersinprovidedspace.

Whendopeopleusephonestocommunicate?Andwhataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofcommunicatingbyphone?

Whendopeopleusephonestocommunicate?

Advantages

DisadvantagesPhonesarenowusuallythealternativetoe-mailwhensomepersonalclarificationorpersonaltouchisneededtodeliveramessageorconveyathought.Itismorepersonalthane-mailbutnotaspersonalasface-to-facecommunication.Itcanbeanicecommunicationvehiclewhenyouarelookingtocongratulatesomeoneorcheckforadditionalunderstanding.Itisstillahighly-preferredmethodinsalespositions.Likee-mail,youcanreachpeoplefromhundredsofmilesawayindistantofficesanddepartments.Itdoesn’tconveysomeofthenonverbalfacialexpressionsthatcansometimesbeeffectivewhencommunicating.Writing电子邮件电子邮件正式英文商务电子邮件的格式除收信人地址、发信人地址、主题外，内容格式和正式书信一样。同时，因日常使用电子邮件的频率较高，也有非正式的电子邮件。正式电子邮件称呼对方往往用某某先生/女士（如Mr.Scott等），结尾往往用YoursSincerely或SincerelyYours。而非正式电子邮件往往可以直呼对方名字（如James,Alice等），结尾往往用Bestregards,Bestwishes等。正式电子邮件所使用的词汇也比较正式，如thankyou,therefore,however,currently,moreover,following,owingto,venue等，而非正式电子邮件往往用thanks,so,but,atthemoment,what’smore,after,because,place等。正式电子邮件的句子更完整，较少使用缩略形式。写作时应留心正式邮件和非正式邮件的不同，要针对不同的场合使用恰当的文体。

A.Readthefollowingsamplesofe-mailandfamiliarizeyourselfwiththewaytheyarewritten.A.Readthefollowingsamplesofe-mailandfamiliarizeyourselfwiththewaytheyarewritten.B.Youhavejustlistenedtoalectureabout“howtosuccessfullyconductaconversationinbusiness”.Thelecturerjustsharedsomeamazingtipsonhowtobetterunderstandthewayweinterpretcommunicationfromothers.Writeane-mailtoyourfriendJohn.Startbyexplainingwhathashappenedandthendescribehowyoufeelaboutthebusinesscommunication:Key:TipsforTranslation词的增补WarmupExercisesComparethefollowingpairsofsentencesanddiscusswhathavebeenaddedduringtheprocessoftranslation.1．Abook,tightshut,isbutablockofpaper.一本书，紧紧合上，只是一堆废纸。2．Avoidusingthiscomputerinextremecold,heat,dustorhumidity.不要在过冷、过热、灰尘过多、湿度过大的情况下使用此电脑。汉英两种语言由于用词造句的规律不同，在表达同一个思想时常常需要在译文中增补一些原文中没有的词语。通常增补词语是出于以下两方面的需要。1.为了保证译文语法结构的完整英汉两种语言在语法上差异较大，例如：英语有冠词，而汉语却没有；英语重形合、连接词较多，汉语重意合、连接词较少；英语中介词丰富，多达280多个，汉语中介词则较少，只有30来个；英语中经常使用代词，尤其是经常使用人称代词、关系代词等，而汉语中代词则用得较少；因此，汉译英时可根据具体情况增补冠词、连接词、介词、代词，使译文更符合英语表达习惯。1）代词交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的地方。这样你才能把工作做好。Beforehandinginyourtranslation,youhavetoreaditoverandoveragainandseeifthereisanythinginittobecorrectedorimproved.Onlythuscanyoudoyourworkwell.（增加做主语的代词）。2）连词我是半路出家，可能干不好这项工作。Ihavenotreceivedregulartrainingforthejob,soImaynotdoitwell.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。Solongasgreenhillsremain,therewillneverbeashortageoffirewood.3）介词咱们机场见吧。Let'smeetattheairport.你是白天工作还是晚上工作？Doyouworkinthedaytimeoratnight?3）介词ThisseasonsawanominousdawningofthetenthofNovember.在这个季节，11月10日黎明时分的景象是个不祥之兆。Darknessreleasedhimfromhislastrestraints.在黑暗中，他就再也没有什么顾忌了。4）冠词耳朵是用来听声音的器官，鼻子用来嗅气味，舌头用来尝滋味。Theearistheorganwhichisusedforhearing.Thenoseisusedforsmelling.Thet