2026年考研英语二全真模拟试题及答案详解

2026年考研英语二全真模拟试题及答案详解一、英语知识运用（每题0.5分，共10分）Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.Theshifttoremoteworkthatacceleratedduringthe2020pandemichaspermanentlyreshapedthemodernworkplace.Foryears,employersdebatedwhetherworkingfromhomewould1productivityorboostit.Now,threeyearsintothelarge-scaleexperiment,agrowingbodyofresearchoffersaclear2:remoteworkdeliversmodestbutconsistentgainsformostindustries.A2025studyof16,000employeesacross12countriesfoundthatremoteworkerswere13%more3thantheirin-officepeers.Thegaincamefromtwokey4.First,remoteemployeeswastedlesstimeonunproductivemeetingsandofficegossip.Second,theyhadmore5overtheirworkschedules,whichallowedthemtoaligntheirworkwiththeirpeakenergylevels.Criticsofremoteworkoften6thatcollaborationsufferswhenteamsarenotphysicallytogether.7,thestudyfoundthatremoteteamsactuallycommunicatedmorefrequentlyviadigitaltools,andtheirdecision-makingspeedwas8toin-officeteams.Thekey9wasthatremoteteamsweremoreintentionalaboutschedulingcheck-ins,whilein-officeteamsoften10oncasualhallwayconversationsthatrarelyproducedactionableresults.Ofcourse,remoteworkisnot11foreveryroleoreveryperson.Employeesinhands-onfieldslikemanufacturingorhealthcarecannot12theirjobsfromhome.Andsomeworkersstrugglewith13betweenworkandpersonallifewhentheirofficeisalsotheirlivingspace.Companiesthathave14remoteworksuccessfullyshareseveralcommontraits.Theyinvestinhigh-qualitydigitalcollaborationtools.Theysetclearperformanceexpectations15measuringfacetime.Andtheyoffer16forbothfullyremoteandhybridworkarrangements,soemployeescanchoosethemodelthatworksbestforthem.Thedataalso17themyththatremoteworkersarelessengaged.AGallupsurveyreleasedearlierthisyearfoundthatremoteemployeeshadslightlyhigherjobsatisfactionscoresandwere20%lesslikelyto18theirjobsinthenext12months.Aswemoveintothepost-pandemicera,thedebateisnolonger19remoteworkworks.Thequestionnowishowcompaniescan20itsbenefitswhileaddressingitschallenges.1.A.reduceB.maintainC.measureD.predict2.A.definitionB.answerC.warningD.example3.A.productiveB.creativeC.competitiveD.attractive4.A.benefitsB.factorsC.resultsD.methods5.A.concernB.doubtC.controlD.pressure6.A.admitB.promiseC.complainD.pretend7.A.FurthermoreB.ThereforeC.InsteadD.However8.A.superiorB.equalC.inferiorD.related9.A.differenceB.problemC.goalD.requirement10.A.insistedB.reliedC.commentedD.agreed11.A.necessaryB.difficultC.possibleD.expensive12.A.completeB.improveC.changeD.forget13.A.connectionB.conflictC.balanceD.gap14.A.abandonedB.introducedC.resistedD.advertised15.A.regardlessofB.intermsofC.insteadofD.becauseof16.A.flexibilityB.trainingC.guidanceD.compensation17.A.explainsB.supportsC.spreadsD.breaks18.A.loseB.takeC.leaveD.refuse19.A.whetherB.whyC.howD.when20.A.minimizeB.maximizeC.shareD.replace二、阅读理解（共50分）（一）A节（每题2分，共40分）Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.####Text1Thesecondhandfashionmarketisbooming,drivenbyyoungconsumerswhoarebothcost-consciousandenvironmentallyaware.Accordingtoa2025reportfromthredUP,anonlinethriftstore,theglobalsecondhandapparelmarketwillreach$350billionby2030,growingthreetimesfasterthanthefastfashionindustry.GenZconsumers,bornbetween1997and2012,areleadingtheshift.Asurveyof2,000U.S.teensfoundthat60%haveboughtsecondhandclothinginthepastyear,and75%saytheyprefertoshopfromsustainablebrandswhenpossible.Formanyyoungshoppers,buyingusedclothesisnolongerseenasacompromiseforpeoplewhocannotaffordnewitems.Instead,ithasbecomealifestylechoicethatsignalsbothstyleandenvironmentalresponsibility.Socialmediahasplayedahugeroleinnormalizingsecondhandshopping.PlatformslikeTikTokandInstagramarefilledwith"thrifthaul"videos,wherecreatorsshowofftheirfindsfromlocalthriftstoresandonlineresaleapps.Thesevideoshavemadeshoppingforusedclothesfeeltrendyratherthanshameful.Someinfluencersevenspecializeinrestylingvintagepiecestocreatemodernlooks,provingthatsecondhanditemscanbejustasfashionableasbrand-newones.Theriseofresaleplatformshasalsomadesecondhandshoppingmoreconvenientthanever.Unliketraditionalthriftstores,whichrequirediggingthroughracksofrandomitems,onlineresalesitesletuserssearchbysize,brand,style,andprice.Manyofferauthenticationservicesforhigh-enddesigneritems,addressingamajorconcernforbuyerswhoworryaboutcounterfeits.Fastfashionbrandshavetakennoticeofthetrend,andmanyhavelaunchedtheirownresaleprograms.Zara,H&M,andGapallnowallowcustomerstotradeinoldclothesforstorecredit,whichthecompaniesthenresellondedicatedsecondhandplatforms.Whilecriticsarguethattheseprogramsarejustmarketingstuntsthatdonotaddresstherootcauseofoverconsumption,theydorepresentashiftintheindustry'sattitudetowardsustainability.Thegrowthofthesecondhandmarketislikelytocontinueinthecomingyears.Asmoreconsumersbecomeawareoftheenvironmentalimpactoffastfashion—includingthe92milliontonsoftextilewasteproducedgloballyeachyear—thedemandforsustainablealternativeswillonlyincrease.21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,thesecondhandfashionmarket______.A.isshrinkingduetofastfashioncompetitionB.isgrowingfasterthanthefastfashionindustryC.isdominatedbyluxurybrandresellersD.isworth$350billiongloballyin202522.WhatdowelearnaboutGenZconsumersfromParagraph2?A.Theyconsidersecondhandclothesasignoflowsocialstatus.B.Theycannotaffordtobuynewdesignerclothes.C.Theyviewsecondhandshoppingasadesirablelifestylechoice.D.Theypreferfastfashionbrandstosustainableones.23.Socialmediahaspromotedsecondhandshoppingby______.A.makingitseemfashionableandsociallyacceptableB.offeringhugediscountsonusedclothingitemsC.helpingpeoplefindlocalthriftstoresmoreeasilyD.connectingsellerswithbuyersdirectlyforfree24.AccordingtoParagraph4,onlineresaleplatformsaremoreconvenientthantraditionalthriftstoresbecausethey______.A.sellclothesatmuchlowerpricesB.offerfreedeliverytoallcustomersC.allowuserstosearchforspecificitemsquicklyD.acceptreturnsofanypurchaseditems25.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardfastfashionbrands'resaleprograms?A.CompletelynegativeB.EntirelypositiveC.MixedD.Indifferent26.Whatdowelearnaboutadaptivelearningsoftwarefromthefirstparagraph?A.Itisstillintheexperimentalstage.B.ItiswidelyusedinAmericanpublicschools.C.Ithasreplacedtraditionalteachingmethods.D.ItwasdevelopedbytheEducationDepartment.27.AccordingtoParagraph2,traditionalclassroomteaching______.A.failstomeettheneedsofstudentsatdifferentlevelsB.ismoreengagingthanAI-poweredlearningC.helpsstudentsdevelopbettersocialskillsD.costslessthanadaptivelearningprograms28.TheStanfordstudyshowsthatAI-poweredlearning______.A.worksbestforadvancedstudentsB.hasnoeffectonstudents'testscoresC.mayhelpnarrowtheachievementgapD.istooexpensiveforlow-incomefamilies29.WhichofthefollowingisaconcernraisedbycriticsofAIineducation?A.ThehighcostofsoftwarelicensesB.TheriskofstudentdataleaksC.ThedifficultyofoperatingtheprogramsD.Thelackofcoursecontentvariety30.SupportersofAIineducationbelievethatthetechnology______.A.willeventuallyreplacehumanteachersB.canmaketeachers'workmoreeffectiveC.shouldhandleallclassroominstructionD.isperfectforallsubjectsandagegroups31.Themainideaofthepassageisthat______.A.car-dependentcitiesaremoreconvenientforresidentsB.walkablecitiesbringmultiplebenefitstosocietyC.buildingwalkablecitiesistooexpensivetobepracticalD.walkingisthebestformofexerciseforolderpeople32.AccordingtotheWHOstudy,peopleinwalkableneighborhoods______.A.havelowerratesofcertainchronicdiseasesB.spendmoremoneyonhealthcareeachyearC.aremorelikelytoexerciseingymsregularlyD.havehigherstresslevelsthanthoseincar-dependentareas33.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Transportationproducesmostoftheworld'scarbonemissions.B.Walkablecitieshavecompletelyeliminatedcaruse.C.Pedestrian-friendlycitieshavelowertransportationemissions.D.Bikingismoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanwalking.34.Walkableneighborhoodsbenefitlocalbusinessesby______.A.reducingrentcostsforshopownersB.attractingmorepassingcustomersC.providingmoreparkingspacesD.allowingfasterdeliveryofgoods35.Theauthor'sattitudetowardinvestinginwalkablecitiesis______.A.supportiveB.doubtfulC.neutralD.critical36.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A.Smallbrandsusedtodominatetheconsumergoodsmarket.B.Bigcorporationsarenolongerpopularwithconsumers.C.SmallDTCbrandsarechallengingestablishedindustryleaders.D.Consumersprefercheapproductstohigh-qualityones.37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonfortheriseofsmallDTCbrands?A.LowerentrybarriersduetotheinternetB.ConsumerdemandforauthenticproductsC.AffordabletargetedadvertisingonsocialmediaD.Governmentsupportforsmallbusinesses38.Comparedwithbigcorporations,smallbrands______.A.havelargeradvertisingbudgetsB.aremoreflexibleandcustomer-focusedC.havewiderdistributionnetworksD.offerlowerproductquality39.Bigcorporationshavetroublecompetingwithsmallbrandsbecausethey______.A.lackfinancialresourcesB.aretoobureaucraticandslowtoinnovateC.donothaveanyDTCproductsD.refusetousesocialmediaadvertising40.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe______.A.TheDeclineofBigCorporationsB.HowSocialMediaChangedAdvertisingC.TheRiseofDirect-to-ConsumerSmallBrandsD.TheChallengesFacingSmallBusinesses（二）B节（每题2分，共10分）Directions:ReadthefollowingtextandchoosethebestsubtitlefromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubtitleswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.HowtoBuildCareerResilienceinUncertainTimesIntoday'sfast-changingjobmarket,careerresilience—theabilitytoadapttosetbacksandbouncebackfromchallenges—ismoreimportantthanever.Herearefivekeystrategiestobuildyourcareerresilience.41.______Themostresilientprofessionalsneverstoplearning.Setasidetimeeachweektodevelopnewskillsthatarerelevanttoyourfield,whetherthroughonlinecourses,workshops,orindependentreading.Focusnotjustontechnicalskills,butalsoonsoftskillslikecommunication,problem-solving,andleadership,whicharetransferableacrossrolesandindustries.Whenyouhaveadiverseskillset,youarebetterpreparedtotakeonnewopportunitiesorpivottoadifferentroleifneeded.42.______Yourprofessionalnetworkisoneofyourmostvaluableassetsduringtimesofuncertainty.Makeanefforttostayintouchwithformercolleagues,industrypeers,andmentors,evenwhenyouarenotlookingforanewjob.Attendindustryevents,participateinonlineforums,andreachouttopeopleyouadmireforinformationalinterviews.Astrongnetworkcanprovideyouwithjobleads,advice,andsupportwhenyouneeditmost.43.______Manypeopleassumethatcareersuccessmeansmovingupasingle,linearcareerladder.Butintoday'sjobmarket,thatapproachcanleaveyouvulnerableifyourindustryorrolebecomesobsolete.Instead,thinkofyourcareerasaportfolioofexperiencesandskills.Beopentolateralmoves,project-basedwork,orevenshort-termassignmentsthatallowyoutolearnnewthingsandexpandyourexperience.Themorediverseyourcareerpath,themoreoptionsyouwillhaveifthingsdonotgoasplanned.44.______Careerresilienceisnotjustaboutprofessionalskills—italsodependsonyourphysicalandmentalwell-being.Whenyouareburnedoutorstressed,itismuchhardertoadapttochangeorbouncebackfromsetbacks.Makesureyougetenoughsleep,exerciseregularly,andtaketimetorecharge.Setclearboundariesbetweenworkandpersonallife,anddonotbeafraidtotaketimeoffwhenyouneedit.Takingcareofyourselfisnotadistractionfromyourcareer—itisaninvestmentinit.45.______Nomatterhowwellyouplan,unexpectedsetbacksareinevitableinanycareer.Maybeyougetpassedoverforapromotion,oryourcompanydownsizes,oraprojectyouworkedonformonthsfails.Whenthesethingshappen,trytoreframethemaslearningopportunitiesratherthanpersonalfailures.Askyourself:whatcanIlearnfromthis?WhatwouldIdodifferentlynexttime?Peoplewhocanfindthesilverliningindifficultsituationsarebetterabletorecoverandmoveforward.Subtitles:A.CultivateagrowthmindsetB.Prioritizeyourwell-beingC.BuildandmaintainyournetworkD.FocusoncontinuouslearningE.Embracenon-linearcareerpathsF.SavemoneyforemergenciesG.Specializeinonespecificskill41.______42.______43.______44.______45.______三、翻译（共15分）Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.Communitygardenshavebecomeincreasinglypopularinurbanareasaroundtheworld,providingagreenspaceforcityresidentstogrowvegetables,flowers,andherbs.Thesesharedgardens,typicallylocatedonvacantlotsorunusedpublicland,aremaintainedbylocalvolunteerswhopayasmallfeetorentaplotofland.Formanyurbanresidents,communitygardensaremorethanjustaplacetogrowfood.Theyserveasimportantsocialspaceswhereneighborscanconnect,sharegardeningtips,andbuildasenseofcommunity.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhoparticipateincommunitygardensreporthigherlevelsoflifesatisfactionandlowerratesofstressthanthosewhodonot.Communitygardensalsohelpaddressenvironmentalchallengesincities.Theyreducetheurbanheatislandeffectbyreplacingconcreteandasphaltwithplants,andtheysupportlocalbiodiversitybyprovidingfoodandshelterforbees,butterflies,andotherpollinators.Inlow-incomeneighborhoods,communitygardenscanalsoimprovefoodsecuritybyprovidingfresh,affordableproducetoresidentswhomaynothaveeasyaccesstogrocerystores.参考译文：社区花园在全球城市地区日益普及，为城市居民提供了一片种植蔬菜、花卉和香草的绿色空间。这些共享花园通常位于闲置地块或未使用的公共用地上，由当地志愿者维护，志愿者支付少量费用即可租用一块土地。对许多城市居民而言，社区花园不仅仅是种植食物的地方。它们是重要的社交空间，邻里们可以在此交流、分享园艺技巧、建立社区归属感。研究表明，参与社区花园的人比不参与的人生活满意度更高，压力水平更低。社区花园还有助于应对城市环境挑战。它们用植物替代混凝土和沥青，缓解城市热岛效应；同时为蜜蜂、蝴蝶和其他传粉昆虫提供食物和栖息地，支持本地生物多样性。在低收入社区，社区花园还能为那些难以便利到达杂货店的居民提供新鲜、平价的农产品，从而改善食物短缺问题。翻译要点解析：1.第一段中vacantlots译为“闲置地块”，plotofland结合语境译为“一块（花园）用地”更通顺。2.第二段buildasenseofcommunity固定表达译为“建立社区归属感”，比字面的“社区感”更符合汉语表达习惯。3.第三段urbanheatislandeffect是环境科学术语，译为“城市热岛效应”；foodsecurity结合语境译为“食物短缺问题”，准确传达语义。四、写作（共25分）（一）小作文（10分）Directions:Supposeyouruniversityisholdingaculturalexchangeweek.WriteanemailtoProfessorSmith,aspecialistincross-culturalcommunication,toinvitehimtogivealecture.Youshouldincludethedetailsyouthinknecessary.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyourownname.Use"LiMing"instead.参考范文：DearProfessorSmith,IamLiMing,anorganizeroftheupcomingCulturalExchangeWeekatouruniversity.Onbehalfoftheorganizingcommittee,Iamwritingtosincerelyinviteyoutogivealectureoncross-culturalcommunicationforourstudentsandfaculty.TheCulturalExchangeWeekwillbeheldfromOctober16to22,aimingtoenhancestudents'culturalawarenessandpromotemutualunderstanding.Wewouldbeextremelygratefulifyoucoulddelivera90-minutelectureontheafternoonofOctober18.Thetopiccanbeadjustedbasedonyourexpertiseandschedule.Wesincerelyhopeyoucanacceptourinvitation.Pleaseletusknowatyourearliestconvenienceifyouareavailable.Yourssincerely,LiMing写作要点解析：1.邀请信需包含身份介绍、邀请事由、活动时间地点、讲座大致安排、期待回复五个核心要素，格式符合正式书信规范。2.语气礼貌得体，符合邀请知名学者的语境，避免过于口语化的表达。3.字数控制在100词左右，符合大纲要求。（二）大作文（15分）Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould1.interpretthechart,and2.giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(注：图表为柱状图，标题为2018-2025年中国居民人均每周在线学习时长（单位：小时）；数据：2018年2.1小时，2019年2.5小时，2020年4.8小时，2021年5.2小时，2022年5.6小时，2023年6.1小时，2024年6.7小时，2025年7.2小时)参考范文：ThebarchartillustratesthechangesinChineseresidents'averageweeklyonlinelearningtimefrom2018to2025.Asisclearlyshown,thefigurehaswitnessedasteadyupwardtrendoverthepasteightyears,risingfrom2.1hoursin2018to7.2hoursin2025.Notably,therewasasharpjumpbetween2019and2020,whenthetimemorethandoubled.Severalfactorsaccountforthistrend.First,theCOVID-19pandemicacceleratedthepopularizationofonlineeducation,makingpeopleaccustomedtolearningviadigitalplatforms.Second,therapiddevelopmentofmobileinternetandeducationalappshasmadeonlinelearningmoreconvenientandaccessiblethaneverbefore.Third,intoday'scompetitivesociety,peopleareincreasinglyawareoftheimportanceoflifelonglearningtoimprovetheirprofessionalcompetence.Frommyperspective,thetrendwillcontinueinthefuture.Onlinelearningprovidesflexibleandaffordableeducationalresourcesforpeopleofallages,whichwillhelppromotethedevelopmentofalearning-orientedsocietyinChina.写作要点解析：1.结构清晰：第一段描述图表数据，第二段分析原因，第三段发表展望，符合英语二图表作文的经典结构。2.数据描述准确，重点突出2019-2020年的大幅增长这一关键特征，避免逐一遍历所有数据。3.原因分析逻辑连贯，从疫情推动、技术发展、社会竞争三个维度展开，论证充分。参考答案与解析一、英语知识运用1.答案：A解析：根据后文orboostit可知，空格处需填入与boost（提升）语义相反的词，reduce（降低）符合此处“雇主争论远程办公会降低还是提高生产力”的语境。2.答案：B3.答案：A4.答案：B5.答案：C6.答案：C7.答案：D解析：前文提到批评者认为远程办公会损害协作，后文指出研究发现远程团队沟通更频繁，前后为转折关系，However符合逻辑。8.答案：B9.答案：A10.答案：B11.答案：C12.答案：A13.答案：C14.答案：B15.答案：C16.答案：A17.答案：D18.答案：C19.答案：A20.答案：B二、阅读理解21.答案：B解析：定位到第一段第二句“growingthreetimesfasterthanthefastfashionindustry”，可知二手时尚市场增速是快时尚的三倍，B选项正确。A选项与原文相反，C、D选项均不符合原文表述。22.答案：C解析：定位到第二段最后两句，可知Z世代认为买二手衣服是一种兼具时尚感和环保责任的生活方式选择，C选项正确。23.答案：A解析：定位到第三段第一句“normalizingsecondhandshopping”和“madeshoppingforusedclothesfeeltrendyratherthanshameful”，可知社交媒体让二手购物变得潮流、不再丢人，A选项符合语义。24.答案：C25.答案：C解析：最后一段提到批评者认为这些项目只是营销噱头，但作者也指出它们代表了行业可持续态度的转变，因此态度是混合的，C选项正确。####Text2Artificialintelligenceistransformingeducation,offeringpersonalizedlearningexperiencesthatwereonceimpossible.Adaptivelearningsoftware,whichusesAItoadjustlessonsbasedonastudent'sperformance,isnowusedinover60%ofU.S.publicschools,accordingtoa2025reportfromtheEducationDepartment.Theideabehindadaptivelearningissimple:everystudentlearnsatadifferentpace.Traditionalclassrooms,whereallstudentsmovethroughthematerialatthesamespeed,oftenleavestrugglingstudentsbehindwhileboringadvancedstudents.AI-poweredsoftwaresolvesthisproblembyconstantlyassessingastudent'sknowledgeandadjustingthedifficultyofquestionsaccordingly.Ifastudentgetsaconceptwrong,theprogramprovidesextraexplanationsandpracticeproblemsuntiltheymasterit.Iftheydemonstratemasteryquickly,theycanmoveontomoreadvancedmaterial.AstudyconductedbyStanfordUniversitylastyearfoundthatmiddleschoolstudentsusingadaptivelearningsoftwareformathscored15%higheronstandardizedteststhantheirpeerswhoreceivedtraditionalinstruction.Thegainswerelargestforstudentsfromlow-incomefamilies,whooftenlackaccesstoprivatetutoring.TheresearchersconcludedthatAIcouldhelpreduceachievementgapsbyprovidinghigh-qualitypersonalizedinstructiontoeverystudent,regardlessoftheirbackground.CriticsofAIineducationarguethattechnologycannotreplacethehumanconnectionbetweenteachersandstudents.Theyworrythatover-relianceonsoftwarewillmakeclassroomslessengagingandthatstudentswillmissoutonimportantsocialskills.Somealsoraiseconcernsaboutdataprivacy,sinceadaptivelearningprogramscollecthugeamountsofinformationaboutstudents'learninghabitsandperformance.SupportersofAIineducationacknowledgetheseconcerns,buttheyarguethattechnologyshouldbeseenasatooltosupportteachers,notreplacethem.TheypointoutthatAIcanhandleroutinetaskslikegradingandlessonplanning,freeingupteacherstospendmoretimeonone-on-onesupportandbuildingrelationshipswithstudents.Manyteacherswhohaveusedadaptivelearningsoftwaresayithasmadetheirjobseasierandallowedthemtofocusonwhatmattersmost:helpingstudentsgrow.ThedebateoverAIineducationislikelytointensifyinthecomingyearsasthetechnologybecomesmoresophisticated.Butonethingisclear:AIisalreadychanginghowstudentslearn,anditsimpactwillonlygrowinthefuture.26.答案：B27.答案：A解析：定位到第二段“Traditionalclassrooms...oftenleavestrugglingstudentsbehindwhileboringadvancedstudents”，可知传统教学无法满足不同水平学生的需求，A选项正确。28.答案：C29.答案：B解析：定位到第四段最后一句“Somealsoraiseconcernsaboutdataprivacy”，可知数据隐私（即数据泄露风险）是批评者的担忧之一，B选项正确。30.答案：B####Text3Citiesaroundtheworldareincreasinglyinvestinginwalkability,designingneighborhoodsthatencouragepeopletowalkinsteadofdrive.Thebenefitsofwalkablecitiesgofarbeyondreducingtraffic:theyimprovepublichealth,reducecarbonemissions,andboostlocaleconomies.A2024studyfromtheWorldHealthOrganizationfoundthatpeoplelivinginwalkableneighborhoodsare30%lesslikelytodevelopheartdiseaseand25%lesslikelytodeveloptype2diabetesthanthoselivingincar-dependentareas.Thereasonissimple:walkingisalow-impactformofexercisethatmostpeoplecanincorporateintotheirdailyroutine.Whenpeoplecanwalktowork,thegrocerystore,oracoffeeshop,theygetregularphysicalactivitywithouthavingtogooutoftheirwaytoexercise.Walkablecitiesalsohavelowercarbonfootprints.Transportationisresponsibleforabout24%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions,andpassengercarsaccountfornearlyhalfofthat.Whencitiesaredesignedsothatpeoplecanwalkorbikeformosttrips,carusedropssignificantly,leadingtocleanerairandlowergreenhousegasemissions.Astudyof50majorcitiesfoundthatthemostwalkablecitieshad40%lowerpercapitatransportationemissionsthantheleastwalkableones.Inadditiontohealthandenvironmentalbenefits,walkableneighborhoodsaregoodforlocalbusinesses.Whenpeoplewalkinsteadofdrive,theyaremorelikelytostopatsmallshopsandrestaurantsalongtheirroute.AreportfromtheNationalAssociationofCityTransportationOfficialsfoundthatpedestrian-friendlystreetshad20%higherretailsalesthanstreetsdesignedprimarilyforcars.Walkableareasalsotendtohavehigherpropertyvalues,asmanypeoplearewillingtopaymoretoliveinaneighborhoodwheretheydonotneedacartogetaround.Ofcourse,buildingwalkablecitiesisnoteasy.Manyoldercitiesweredesignedaroundthecar,withwideroads,largeparkinglots,andhomeslocatedfarfromcommercialareas.Retrofittingthesecitiestobemorewalkablerequiressignificantinvestmentandpoliticalwill.Butthelong-termbenefits—healthierresidents,acleanerenvironment,andstrongerlocaleconomies—maketheinvestmentwellworthit.31.答案：B解析：全文从健康、环境、经济三个维度介绍了步行友好型城市的好处，B选项最能概括主旨。32.答案：A33.答案：C34.答案：B解析：定位到第四段“peoplewalkinsteadofdrive,theyaremorelikelytostopatsmallshopsandrestaurantsalongthei