(1.1.1)-1.1口腔医学英语

OralmedicineEnglish医学英语单词速记Stomatology

Anyoneenteringahealthoccupationmusthaveaworkingknowledgeofbasicmedicalterminology.Medicaltermsmayseemverycomplicatedatfirstglance,butarenotdifficulttomasteriftheyarebrokendownintomeaningfulparts.Onceyouhavelearnedthebasicwordelements,mostofthemedicaltermsyoucomeacrosscanbebreakdownandunderstoodimmediately.ByFisherJP.BasicMedicalTerminology目录Contents01Wordformationcharacteristics02RootofmedicalEnglishvocabulary03PrefixesofmedicalEnglishvocabulary04SuffixesofmedicalEnglishvocabularyPart1WordformationcharacteristicsDoyouknowus?gall

bladder

cholecysttoothleukemialymphocyticosteoarthritiscystoureteropyelonephritischolangiopancreatographyhepatocholangioenterostomycholangiocholecystocholedochectomy

Doyouknowus?Part1WordformationcharacteristicsPart1Wordformationcharacteristics医学英语术语(medicalterm)

:有特定的医学含义我们将之统称为医学英语术语。将专门研究它的学问称为医学术语学(medicalterminology):Thesciencewhichdealswiththemiscalledmedicalterminology.Part1WordformationcharacteristicsWordshavealifetime,beingborn,changing,spawningnewwords,aging,andevendying.Part1Wordformationcharacteristics

English

Greek

Latin70%Part1WordformationcharacteristicsClarity,

Mononymity,

Scientificity,

Universality

Compound.CharacteristicPart1WordformationcharacteristicsLong,complicated,lookstrangeandevendon’tknowhowtopronouncethem!HOW

canwemastermedicaltermrapidly？Part1Wordformationcharacteristics规律性80%：按构词规则构成的词20%：人名，药名等构成的词构词规律，组合形式对学习医学英语单词至关重要。Part1Wordformationcharacteristics词素morpheme词根root自由词根freeroot自由形式freeformWord,life,book粘着词根boundroot词缀affix派生词缀derivationaffix前缀prefix后缀suffix曲折词缀inflexionalaffixer,est,s,es,ed,ing英语词素分类Part1Wordformationcharacteristicsendodontics=endo+don(t)+icsprefix

root

suffixPart1Wordformationcharacteristicslinguopapillitis=lingu+o+papill+itisprefix

root

suffixPart1Wordformationcharacteristics医学英语术语构词规则一条医学英语术语的构成，“原则上”应该是采用来源一致的词素。希腊语（希波克拉底）、拉丁语（凯撒大帝）、英语（盎格鲁-撒克逊源）。当以两个或两个以上词素构成一条医学英语术语时，为了读音上的便利，常常需要在两个词素之间额外加上一个“组合元音”(也叫“连合元音”或“结合形”,combiningform)。

1

2Part1Wordformationcharacteristics医学英语术语构词规则

3从属希腊源的连接性元音字母有-a-，-o-，-y-，如dia-，cadio-，poly-，主要以-o-为主，其他较少用。从属拉丁源的连接性元音字母只有-i-，如mult(i)，使用远不如-o-频繁。e.gfibr-o-blast成纤维细胞lymph-o-cyte淋巴细胞Part1Wordformationcharacteristics医学英语术语构词规则

4连接元音字母的保留与省略：1）保留当后接词以辅音字母为首时，元音O予以保留如：gastr-o-pexy----gastropexy（胃固定术）2）省略当后接词以元音字母为首时，元音O予以省略如：gastr-o-algia----gastralgiagastr-o-itis----gastritisgingiva-itis----gingivitisPart1Wordformationcharacteristics医学英语术语构成Part1Wordformationcharacteristics医学术语分类-构词角度Wordsrootsusuallyrefertopartsofthebody.Prefixesandsuffixesareaddedtothesewordrootstoextendorchangetheirmeaning.Prefixesareattachedbeforetheroot.Theyusuallydenoteamounts,positions,andvariouskindsofrelationships.Suffixesareattachedbehindtherootanddenoteactionabouttheroot(e.g.pain,inflammation).Rootsmaybecombinedwithseveralprefixesorsuffixesorwithotherroots.Part1Wordformationcharacteristicsperiodontitis希腊词素连合元音希腊词素希腊词素peri-(o)odonto-itis前缀(周围)词根(牙)词缀(炎)→periodontitis[ˌperiədɑːnˈtaɪtɪs]

牙周炎课堂练习Part1Wordformationcharacteristics希腊词素连合元音希腊词素连合