河南省青桐鸣2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试卷（含答案）

河南省青桐鸣2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解YOUNGTHINKERSWORKSHOP&STORIESTHATTRANSFORM(转变)USHerearetwophilosophyprogramsforyoungpeopleandschools.YOUNGTHINKERSWORKSHOPDoingphilosophyrequirestraining.Likemanyotherthings,itisaboutpracticingalittleeveryday.Weneedtobecomefamiliarwithphilosophicaltools,practiceproperargumentation,andlearntoquestionwhatseemsobvious.Inthisway,wecancreatenewtoolsandideas.For;primaryandsecondaryschoolstudents&theirteachersFee:$100perparticipantOurworkshopsshare3goals:•sharpencriticalthinking•inspiretheimaginationofdifferentanswers•practicetheskillsofdialogueandlisteningMaintopics:•educationintherelationshipwiththeenvironmentandlivingbeings•educationindialogue,constructivecommunicationandlistening•philosophyasameansofpersonalandcollectivetransformationDesignphase:June-December2027STORIESTHATTRANSFORMUSThisprogramfocusesonpersonalandcollectivetransformationthroughknowledge.Itcombinesphilosophyandliterature.ItwasdevelopedaccordingtotheService-Learningapproach,andalsousesthePhilosophyforChildren(P4C)methodology.Aims:1.Trainstudentsearlyin:•criticalandcreativethinking•reading,understandingandenjoymentofliterarytexts2.Trainuniversitystudentstotranslatespecialistknowledgeintolearningandsocialtransformationprojectsforthecommunity.Who:universitystudents;universityprofessorsFee:$200peruniversitystudent;$150peruniversityprofessorStories&myths(神话):KingMidas,AtalantaandHippomenesMethod:MatthewLipman’sPhilosophyforChildrenDesignphase:July-December2027Discount:RegisterbeforeMay31,2027,andreceive20%offtheregularfee.QuickFactsProgramMainfocusKeymethods/toolsFeeYOUNGTHINKERSWORKSHOPCriticalthinking,dialogue,listeningPhilosophicaltools,argumentation$100STORIESTHATTRANSFORMUSTransformationthroughknowledgePhilosophy,literature,Service-Learning,P4C$200(students)/$150(professors)1．WhatisonegoaloftheYOUNGTHINKERSWORKSHOP?A.TostudyGreekmyths. B.Todevelopcriticalthinking.C.Toimprovetranslationskills. D.Totrainuniversityprofessors.2．WhatisthediscountedfeeforastudentattendingSTORIESTHATTRANSFORMUS?A.$120. B.$150. C.$160. D.$200.3．Whatdothetwoprogramshaveincommon?A.Theybothlastsixmonths.B.Theybothuseliterarytexts.C.Theybothinvolvephilosophicalthinking.D.Theybothfocusonenvironmentaleducation.JayJung,18,grewupwithhisgrandparentsinSouthKorea.WalkingaroundSeoulwiththemasanelementaryschooler,henoticedtheyoftencouldn’tkeepupwiththecrossingsignals,strugglingtocrossthestreetintimebeforecarscameracingby."WheneverIwouldgowiththemtothelocalconveniencestoreorthelocalpark,Iwouldrealizethatwewerenotevenhalfwayandthenthelightjustsuddenlyturnedred,"Jungsaid."OnceInoticedit,itwasreallyhardnottonoticeit."Theill-timedcrosswalklightsbotheredhim,butJungdidn’tthinkhecoulddomuchaboutituntilhefoundhispassionfortechnologyinmiddleschool.NowahighschooleratPhillipsAcademy,aboardingschoolinMassachusetts,Junghasactualizedhisvisiontokeephisgrandparentssafeoncrosswalks.Insteadoffocusingonautomobiletraffic,Jungsaid,SmartBlinkadjusts(调整)crossingsignaltimesbasedonthewalkingspeedoftheslowestpedestrian(行人).Forexample,ifacrosswalksignalusuallylasts20seconds,butSmartBlinkpredictsonepedestrianwilltake34secondsbasedontheirfirstfewsteps,thesystemwouldautomaticallyadd14moresecondstothecrossingsignal."Tomakesurethatthispedestriandoesn’tfeelrushedandknowsthathe/sheissafewhilecrossing,"Jungsaid.SmartBlinkcansensepedestriansusingwheelchairsorotherequipment,too.Jungadjustedhisalgorithm(算法)sothatitcanworkindifferentlightingconditionsandfunctionatanytimeofdayornight.Hisinventionhasn’tbeenpositionedatanycrosswalksyet,butJungsaidhisnextstepistopilotSmartBlinkwithlocalgovernmentsinvariouscommunities.4．WhatinspiredJayJungtoinventSmartBlink?A.Hisinterestinwinningasciencecompetition.B.HisexperienceofbeinghitbyacarinSeoul.C.Histeacher’sadviceonsolvingatrafficproblem.D.Hisgrandparents’difficultycrossingthestreet.5．HowdoesSmartBlinkdifferfromexistingtrafficlightsystems?A.Itusesafixed34-secondsignal.B.Itfunctionsbetterduringthedaytime.C.Itsensesandcontrolsautomobiletraffic.D.Itadjustssignalsfortheslowestpedestrian.6．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJayJung?A.Observantandcaring. B.Confidentandgenerous.C.Talkativeandcreative. D.Selflessandcourageous.7．WhatdoweknowaboutSmartBlinkfromthelastparagraph?A.Ithasbeenfixedinvariouscommunities.B.Itwillbetestedbeforewiderapplication.C.Itcannotbeusedincomplexconditions.D.Ithasbeenapprovedbythegovernment.Difficultexperiencesearlyinlife,includingcriticism(批评),beingoverlooked,orseverereactionsfromcaregivers,caninfluenceemotionalwell-beingandqualityoflifeyearslater.Howadultsrespondwhenachildmakesamistakemaybeespeciallyimportantinshapingfuturepatternsofthoughtandemotion.Insomecases,thoseexperiencescancontributetoafearoffailurerootedinthebeliefthatmistakesmakeapersonlessworthyintheeyesofothers.Butnewresearchsuggeststhoseemotionalpatternsmaybesurprisinglyflexible.Youngadultswhorevisitedpainfulmemoriesthroughimagery-basedtherapy(疗法)showedlastingreductionsinfear,sadness,andstress.Theresearch,conductedatSWPSUniversityandtheNenckiInstituteofExperimentalBiologyinPoland,involved180youngadultsaged18to35whoexperiencedfearoffailure.Overatwo-weekperiod,participantstookpartinfourtherapyperiodsfocusedondifficultchildhoodmemoriesinvolvingcriticism.OnegroupusedatechniquecalledImageryRescripting.Participantsbroughtanupsettingexperiencetomindandthenimagineda"defender"enteringthesceneandofferingsupporttothechild.Alloftheimagery-basedapproachesproducedasignificantandlastingreductioninfearoffailure.Participantsalsoreportedlowerlevelsofnegativeemotions,includingsadnessandfear.Theirbodiesappearedtoresponddifferentlyaswell-physiologicalreactionstomemoriesofcriticismdecreased,indicatingthatrecallingupsettingexperiencesnolongersetoffthesamelevelofintensestress.Theseimprovementsremainedevidentduringfollow-upsatthreeandsixmonthslater.Theresearchersalsofoundthatimagery-basedapproachesworkedespeciallywellwhentheyproducedamomentofsurprise.Theyrelatedthiseffectto"predictionerror",whichoccurswhenthereisamismatchbetweenwhatsomeoneexpectsandwhatactuallyhappens.Thatunexpecteddifferencemayhelpbreakestablishedemotionalpatternsandmakeiteasierfornew,healthierresponsestogainafoothold.8．Whatdoesthenewresearchsuggest?A.Therapyeasesfearandsadness.B.Adults’responsesneverchange.C.Mistakesmakeapersonworthless.D.Earlyexperiencesshapethefuture.9．WhatdidtheparticipantsintheImageryRescriptinggroupdo?A.Theytookmedicinetoreducestress.B.Theyignoredtheirpainfulmemories.C.Theytalkedtotheircaregiversdirectly.D.Theyimaginedsomeonedefendingthemselves.10．Whatcanwelearnaboutthetherapyfromthefollow-ups?A.Itworksonlyforyoungadults. B.Itsfailuresaresurprisingbutrewarding.C.Itislesseffectiveforseverecases. D.Itseffectcanlastforatleasthalfayear.11．Whatdotheunderlinedwords"gainafoothold"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Becomeestablished. B.Keeparecord.C.Getoutofcontrol. D.Losestrength.Smartwatchescansignificantlyoverratehowmanycalories(卡路里)peopleburnduringexercise,andtheircalorieratesbecomelessexactasbodyfatincreases,accordingtoanewFloridaInternationalUniversitystudy.FIUresearcherstestedfourpopularfitnesstrackersagainstmedical-gradelaboratoryequipmentthatmeasuredparticipants’trueenergyuse.Researchersfoundtypicalerrorsinsmartwatchcalorieratesofabout15%to25%,withaveragesfortheworst-performingwatchesclimbingmuchhigher.Thatmeansifasmartwatchsayssomeoneburned500caloriesduringaworkout,therealnumbercouldeasilybecloserto350.Thiscouldbeespeciallyimportantforpeoplewhousefitnesstrackersandcalorie-burnratesforweightmanagement."Youcan’ttrustthenumberofcaloriesburnedthatitgivesyou,becauseit’snotcorrect,"saidJasonKostrna,thestudy’sleadauthor.Forthestudy,researchershad58adultsridearecumbent(仰卧位)bikethroughacontrolledworkoutswitchingbetweennormalandhighintensity.EachparticipantworeoneofthesmartwatcheswhileaCOSMEDK5metabolicanalyzer,thekindofgold-standardequipmentusedinmedicallabs,measuredtheirtrueenergyuse.Duringtesting,itproducedrepeatederrors-insomeperiodsreportingunbelievablysmallnumbers,suchasasinglecalorieforanentireworkout,andinothersfailingtogenerateareadingatall.Kostrnasaystheteamdoesn’thaveadefinitiveanswerforwhythesetrackersstrugglewithhigherbodyfatpercentages.Hebelievesthealgorithmsusedtoratecalorieburnmayplayarole."Whenthecompaniesaredevelopingthosealgorithms,wedon’tknowwherethetestdataiscomingfrom,"hesaid.Researcherssaysmartwatchescanstillbeuseful,aslongasusersunderstandtheirlimitations.Theyrecommendtreatingcalorie-burnnumbersasatoplimitratherthanameasurementyoucanfullytrustandroundingdowntobeonthesafeside.Thisdoesn’trequireexperts’guidance-userscanmaketheseadjustmentsontheirown.12．Whydoestheauthormentionthenumbersinparagraph2?A.Toshowhowsmartwatchescollectcalorieburn.B.Tocomparedifferentbrandsoffitnesstrackers.C.Topresentthetypicalsizeofsmartwatcherrors.D.Tosuggestanidealdailycalorieintakeforexercisers.13．Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytellusaboutthesetrackers?A.Theirfar-reachingimpact. B.Thepotentialcauseoftheirproblem.C.Theirlackofapplication. D.Theworkingprincipleoftheirdesign.14．Whatdoresearcherssuggestpeopledowithsmarttrackers?A.Applythemflexibly. B.Throwthemawaycompletely.C.Keepusingthemconsistently. D.Usethemunderexperts’guidance.15．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MasterComplexFitnessRateB.SticktoStrictDailyWorkoutPlansC.StopPursuingFitness-TrackerNumbersD.ChangeYourSportChoicesConstantly二、七选五16．Likemany,Iwasluckytohavebeenintroducedtosportatanearlyage,andIremainthankfulforthelessonslearnedandthemanywaystheseexperiencespreparedmeforlife.Commitmentcanbethedrivingforcethatpowersmycontinuousefforts.Inhighschoolmyparentswerenolongerabletodrivemetorugby(橄榄球)gamesonweekendsduetothechallengesofrunningasmallfarm.Ratherthanquittingandlettingdownmyteammates,Ibeganridingmypush-bikethesixmilesintotowntobeabletocontinuetoplay.①____________Teamsportsalsotaughtmetheimportanceofattitude.Itmaysoundunrealisticbecauseattitudeissomethingthatcan’tbetouched.However,itdoesmatter.②____________Ialsohadothersthatquicklybecamediscouragedwhenonthelosingendofascore.Isawhowteammateswithpositiveattitudesenergizedandinspiredthosearoundthem.Whilepositivitydidn’tensurevictory,itcertainlymadethegamesmoreenjoyabletoplay.Lifeisnotanindividualsport-trustisamust.③____________Andinmanysportsalackoftrustinateammate’sabilitytoplayhis/herpositionresultsinothersnotbeingabletofullycommittotheirs-whileinotherstrustisamatteroflifeanddeath.RockclimbingiswhereIcametotrulyappreciatethesignificanceofcompletetrust-bothintheprocessandinmyclimbingpartner’sknowledgeandexperience.④____________WhenIparticipatedinanysportIdidsowiththesupportofothers-suchasmyparents,coaches,andteammates-anditwasthroughtheirsupportthatIinitiallylearnedtheimportanceofbeingaccountable.However,itwasonlythroughtheprocessoflearninghowtoswim,andthroughtrainingformyfirsttriathlon(铁人三项),thatItrulyunderstoodtheimportanceofbeingaccountabletomyself.⑤____________A.Ihadsometeammatesthatwerealwaysupbeat.B.Thesenseofresponsibilityguidesmethroughfailures.C.Beaccountableforthelifeyouwant-wegetwhatwegive.D.Whatmatteredmostwasnottheresultbuttheeffortwemade.E.BytheendoftheseasonIhadachievedafitnesslevelthatIstilltakepridein.F.Inmanysportstrustiscriticaltosuccess-whethertrustinateammateorinacoach.G.Therearemanytimeswhenweneedtoinvestalloureffortdespitenobodywatching.三、完形填空（15空）BarryMarshall,anAustraliandoctor,madeashocking

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intheearly1980s:stomachulcers(溃疡)werecausedbybacteria,notstress.Themedicalcommunityfoundthishardto

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becausetheybelievedbacteriacouldnotsurviveintheacidic(酸性的)environmentofthestomach.Marshallhadvital

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fromhisownresearch.Hehadobservedthebacteria,Helicobacterpylori,inthestomachsofalmostallhisulcerpatients.Hewas

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thathisideawascorrect.Butwithout

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sufficientevidencethatsatisfiedotherscientists,hisviewswerelargely

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.SoMarshallmadea(n)

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decision.In1984,hedrankacupofwatercontainingthebacteria.Withindays,hebecamesickand

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withgastritis(胃炎).Therefore,inariskyway,he

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thatthebacteriacouldinfectahealthypersonandcausedisease.Overthefollowingyears,otherresearchers

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hisfindings.Thetreatmentforulcerschangedcompletely.Insteadofsurgery,patientsnowtakeasimple

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ofantibiotics(抗生素).In2005,MarshallreceivedtheNobelPrizeforhiswork.Hisstoryshowsthatscientificprogressoftenrequires

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theacceptedwisdom.Italsoprovesthatunexpectedresultsshouldnotbe

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simplybecausetheydonotmatchexpectations.Hiswork

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doctorstobemorecarefulandcriticalthinkers.Today,treatmentforstomachulcersinvolvesasimpleprocedure,all

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totheman.17．A.innovation B.claim C.prediction D.decision18．A.hide B.avoid C.accept D.handle19．A.choice B.memory C.evidence D.expectation20．A.convinced B.confused C.worried D.curious21．A.steadily B.absolutely C.vividly D.recently22．A.disregarded B.proved C.supported D.reflected23．A.honest B.daring C.graceful D.desirable24．A.brokeup B.gotaway C.putup D.camedown25．A.demonstrated B.doubted C.forecasted D.evaluated26．A.repeated B.confirmed C.rejected D.issued27．A.experiment B.exploration C.course D.structure28．A.adopting B.revising C.challenging D.distancing29．A.ignored B.valued C.exposed D.promoted30．A.commanded B.permitted C.required D.inspired31．A.according B.referring C.response D.thanks四、短文填空32．Forgenerations,theZhufamilyhasbeendevotedtotheartofcoppercraftsmanship(铜艺).ZhuBingren,anationalinheritorofintangibleculturalheritage(非遗传承人),spentdecades①_____________________(perfect)traditionaltechniques.However,herefused②____________________(settle)forasimplecopyofancientforms.Inamomentofcreativebreakthrough,hepioneeredareformative"moltencopper"technique,allowingthemetaltoflowfreelywithoutapresetmodel.Thismethodproduces③_____________________(attract)organicshapesthatcapture(呈现)therawenergyoffireitself.Hisson,ZhuJunmin,④_______________(grow)upsurroundedbycopperandtools.Ratherthansimplyfollowinghisfather’spath,hechosetoexplorenew⑤_______________________(opportunity)bycombiningtraditionalskillswithmoderndesignconcepts.Theworkshopbecamealaboratory⑥________________traditionandinnovationcouldcoexist.Today,theirworksaredisplayedinmuseumsandpublicspacesworldwide.Eachpiecetellsastorynotonlyofartisticexcellence⑦______________ofthedeepconnectionbetweenfatherandson.Theircooperationprovesthatheritageisnotaboutmaintainingthepastina⑧________________(fix)formbutaboutallowingittobreatheandgrow.FortheZhufamily,copperismorethan⑨____________material;itisalivinglanguagethroughwhichtheycommunicatewithhistoryandthefuture.Theirjourneyremindsusthattruecraftsmanshipliesnot⑩_____________repeatingtechniques,butinthecouragetodevelopnewapproacheswhilehonoringone’sroots.五、书面表达33．假定你是李华，你校计划下周五开展以"太极(TaiChi)"为主题的活动，请你给你的交换生好友Stevenson写一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括：1.活动内容；2.活动意义。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearStevenson,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua六、读后续写34．ThefirstthingIunpackedinmynewMelbourneapartmentwasasmallpot.Itwasold,itshandleslightlybent,theinsidedarkenedbyyearsofuse.IthadtraveledwithmefromColombo,coveredwiththreelayers(层)ofclothing,becauseIdidn’ttrustthemovingcompany.Iremembermymotherhandingittomeattheairport,saying,"Thispothasfedyousinceyouwereborn.NowitwillfeedyouinAustralia."IhadbeeninAustraliaforsixmonths.InColombo,Ihadbeensomeone-alecturer,adaughterwithafamiliarroutine.Iknewexactlywhichmarketstandsoldthefreshestvegetables,andmymotherandIcookedtogethereverySunday.Here,Iwas"theinternationalstudent".MydayswerefilledwithacademicpapersandsupermarketswhereIcouldn’tfindtheingredientsIneeded.IfeltlikeIwasdisappearing.TwoclassmatesfromColombohadalsojustarrivedinMelbourne.TheylookedlostjustasIdid.Wehadmetonceforcoffee,butnoneofusknewhowtocookthefoodwemissed.Oneevening,Istoodinmytinykitchenandlookedatthepot.Backhome,mymotherusediteverysingleday.Shewouldmakeparipu-asimplelentilcurry(扁豆咖喱)withcoconutmilk(椰奶)andeggs,andthesmellfilledthehousebeforemyfathercamehomefromwork.Icouldalmostsmellitnow.Ihadn’tcookedanythingproperlysincearriving.Takeawaycontainersgatheredonthecounter.Cookingforonepersonfeltpointless.Whybothermakingafullmealjustformyself?Thepotsatontheshelf,coldandsilent.Onemorning,Idecidedtocookparipuproperly.ButhowcouldIpreparetheingredientsandcook?注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Idecidedtoturntomymotherforhelp.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aftermyfirstsuccessfulparipu,Idecidedtocookitfortwohomesickfriends.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．答案：B细节理解题。根据YOUNGTHINKERSWORKSHOP部分"Ourworkshopsshare3goals；sharpencriticalthinking..."可知，该项目的目标之一是"发展批判性思维"。故选B。2．答案：C细节理解题。根据STORIESTHATTRANSFORMUS部分"Fee:$200peruniversitystudent"可知，大学生的原价为200美元；再根据Discount部分"RegisterbeforeMay31,2027,andreceive20%offtheregularfee."可知，在5月31日前注册可享受8折优惠，可知优惠价为160美元。故选C。3．答案：C细节理解题。根据文章对两个项目的介绍，第一个项目强调"Doingphilosophyrequirestraining"并包含"philosophicaltools"；第二个项目明确提到"Itcombinesphilosophyandliterature"以及使用"PhilosophyforChildren(P4C)methodology"。由此可知，两个项目的共同点是与哲学思考相关。故选C。4．答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段可知，JayJung小时候和祖父母在首尔生活，注意到他们常常跟不上人行横道信号灯，难以在汽车驶来前安全过马路。这促使他后来发明SmartBlink。因此，灵感来自"他的祖父母过马路困难"。故选D。5．答案：D细节理解题。根据第三段"SmartBlinkadjustscrossingsignaltimesbasedonthewalkingspeedoftheslowestpedestrian"可知，SmartBlink与现有的交通信号灯系统不同，它会根据最慢行人的步速调整过马路信号时间。故选D。6．答案：A推理判断题。JayJung小时候就注意到祖父母过马路困难，说明他善于观察，即observant；他后来发明SmartBlink，帮助慢速行人安全过马路，说明他关心他人，即caring。B项"自信且慷慨"、C项"健谈且有创造力"、D项"无私且勇敢"均不能最好地概括JayJung的品质。故选A。7．答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段"Hisinventionhasn'tbeenpositionedatanycrosswalksyet,butJungsaidhisnextstepistopilotSmartBlinkwithlocalgovernmentsinvariouscommunities."可知，SmartBlink尚未安装在人行横道上，下一步是与地方政府合作试点。由此可推断，它将在更广泛应用前进行测试。A项"已安装在各个社区"错误；C项"不能在复杂条件下使用"与第四段矛盾；D项"已获地方政府批准"文中未提及。故选B。8．答案：A细节理解题。根据第一段"Youngadultswho...andstress"可知，接受过意象重写疗法的年轻人减轻了畏惧，悲伤和压力的负面情绪。故选A。9．答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段"OnegroupusedatechniquecalledImageryRescripting.Participantsbroughtanupsettingexperiencetomindandthenimagineda'defender'enteringthesceneandofferingsupporttothechild."可知，ImageryRescripting组参与者想象一个保护者进入场景，给孩子提供支持。故选D。10．答案：D推理判断题。根据第三段"Theseimprovementsremainedevidentduringfollow-upsatthreeandsixmonthslater."可知，治疗效果在三个月和六个月后的随访中仍然明显，说明至少可持续半年。故选D。11．答案：A词义猜测题。根据第二段对ImageryRescripting的描述：参与者回忆令人不安的经历，然后想象一个"保护者"进入场景给孩子提供支持。这实际上是在心理上重新改写当时的场景。通过下文实验结果可知它去除了孩子的负面情绪。因此这一句"Thatunexpecteddifferencemayhelpbreakestablishedemotionalpatternsandmakeiteasierfornew,healthierresponsestogainafoothold."意为：这种意料之外的差异有助于打破固有的情绪模式，让全新、更健康的反应更容易得以确立，故gainafoothold和"becomeestablished(变得可确立的)"意思相近。故选A。12．答案：C推理判断题。第二段提到"ifasmartwatchsayssomeoneburned500caloriesduringaworkout,therealnumbercouldeasilybecloserto350"，这是用具体数字直观说明智能手表卡路里误差的典型幅度。故选C。13．答案：B段落主旨题。第五段中Kostrna说"theteamdoesn'thaveadefinitiveanswerforwhythesetrackersstrugglewithhigherbodyfatpercentages"，并认为"thealgorithmsusedtoratecalorieburnmayplayarole"。说明该段主要探讨这些追踪器出现误差的潜在原因。故选B。14．答案：A推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，研究人员建议将热量消耗数值视作上限，而非可以完全信赖的测量结果，使用者应灵活运用智能手表。故选A。15．答案：C文章标题题。全文围绕智能手表卡路里估算不准确展开，指出其误差大、对体重管理有影响的局限性，研究人员建议将热量消耗数值视作上限，而非可以完全信赖的测量结果，使用者应灵活运用智能手表。C项"StopPursuingFitness-TrackerNumbers"准确概括了文章主题：不要盲目追求追踪器上的数字。故选C。16．答案：E；A；F；C；G本文是一篇说明文。文章分享了作者早年参与体育运动的经历，并讲述了运动带给他的几条人生启示：投入与坚持、积极态度、信任他人以及对自己负责。①本段讲述了作者早年参与体育运动的经历。前文提到作者高中时没有因父母无法接送而放弃打橄榄球，而是选择骑自行车六英里自行前往，表现了其克服困难的坚持与投入。E项"到赛季末，我达到了至今仍引以为傲的体能水平"恰好作为这一系列坚持付出的最终结果，呼应了前文"没有放弃"和"骑六英里"的努力。故选E。②本段主题是"态度的重要性"。前文说团队运动教会他态度的重要性，后文说"Ialsohadothersthatquicklybecamediscouragedwhenonthelosingendofascore."其中also表明前面应先说一类队友，即"总是乐观的队友"。A项"我有一些队友总是乐观向上"与后文"还有一些人一落后就迅速泄气"形成对比，衔接紧密。故选A。③本段主题是"信任"。前文说"Lifeisnotanindividualsport-trustisamust."，后文说"Andinmanysportsalackoftrustinateammate'sability...whileinotherstrustisamatteroflifeanddeath."F项"在许多运动中，信任对成功至关重要-无论是对队友的信任还是对教练的信任"正好承接首句，并引出后文关于信任缺失和生死攸关的论述。故选F。④后文说作者在他人支持下参与运动，并由此最初懂得了"beingaccountable"的重要性，只有通过学游泳和备战第一次铁人三项，他才真正理解"对自己负责"的重要性。C项"要为你想要的生活负责-我们付出什么，就会得到什么"既呼应"accountable"，又总括本段主旨，适合放在段首。故选C。⑤前文说"只有通过学游泳和备战第一次铁人三项，我才真正理解对自己负责的重要性"；G项"很多时候，即使没有人在看，我们也需要投入全部努力"正是对"对自己负责"的具体阐释-在没有外界监督时仍全力投入，才是真正的自我负责。故选G。17．答案：B文章开头说马歇尔提出了一个令人震惊的观点，即胃溃疡是由细菌引起的，而非压力。Claim意为"主张、声称"，符合此处"提出一个令人震惊的观点"的语境。故选B。18．答案：C医学界发现这个观点很难"接受(accept)"，因为他们认为细菌无法在胃酸环境中存活。故选C。19．答案：C马歇尔从自己的研究中获得了至关重要的"证据"。evidence意为"证据"，符合语境。故选C。20．答案：A马歇尔"确信"自己的想法是正确的。convinced确信的，符合语境。故选A。21．答案：B此处需要一个副词修饰sufficientevidence，"absolutelysufficientevidence"表示"极为充分的证据"。故选B。22．答案：A由于缺乏令其他科学家信服的扎实证据，他的观点在很大程度上被"忽视"了。disregarded被忽视