浙江省A9协作体2025-2026学年高一下学期期中联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省A9协作体2025-2026学年高一下学期期中联考英语试题第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atacafe.B.Atashoppingcenter.C.Atatrainstation.【答案】C【原文】W:Thisplacelookssomodern—feelslikeashoppingcenter,butI’mactuallyjustwaitingforthetrain.M:Yeah,theybuiltthisnewstationlastyear.Wouldyouliketograbacoffeewhileyouwait?2.Howoftendoesthewomanrunnow?A.Everyday. B.Twiceaweek. C.Onceaweek.【答案】A【原文】W:Iusedtorunonlyonceaweekatnight,butnowIruneverymorningat6:00.M:That’sabigchange.Whatmadeyoustartrunningeveryday?W:Irealizedonerunaweekwasn’tenoughtokeepmehealthy.Plus,morningrunshelpmestartthedayclear-headed.3.Whatcan’tthecampusAIassistantdo?A.Renewlibrarybooks.B.Answerbasicquestions.C.Makethebookings.【答案】A【原文】W:ThenewcampusAIassistantcanalreadyhelpbookstudyroomsandanswerbasicquestions.M:Thatsavesatriptotheadminoffice.Doesithandlelibraryrenewalstoo?W:Notyet,butthatfeatureiscomingnextmonth.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Dailyneedsfortheoldpeople.B.Convenientneighborhoodservices.C.Publictransportation.【答案】B【原文】M:Ourneighborhoodnowhasagrocery,clinic,andrepairshopallwithina15-minutewalk.W:It’ssoconvenient,especiallyformygrandparents.Theydon’thavetotravelfarfordailyneeds.M:Exactly.Itimprovesthequalityoflife.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Co-workers. C.Familymembers.【答案】A【原文】W:Goodmorning,Mr.Smith.Ihaven’tseenyouaroundlately.Wereyouonanotherbusinesstrip?M:No,actually.Mysontookmeonaroadtrip,andwehadawonderfultimetogether,soIwasn’tathomeforthepastfewdays.第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoestheprojectwantteenagerstodo?A.Makeproperuseofthetechnology.B.Spendmoretimewiththeirfamily.C.Helpseniorsusetechnologybetter.7.Whatismoreimportantaccordingtothewoman?A.Seniorsbuildbonds.B.Seniorsgainconfidence.C.Seniorslearnskills.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】M:Whyareteensteachingseniorstousesmartphones?W:It’spartofour“DigitalBridge”project.Alotofseniorsfeelleftoutwhenfamiliesonlysharephotosonline.Teensaresteppingintohelpthemreconnect.M:So,whatdotheylearn?W:Theylearnhowtomakevideocalls,usehealthapps,andevenhandleonlinebanking.Butmoreimportantly,theyregaintheirconfidence.M:That’sreallyheartwarming.W:Yes,it’snotjustabouttechnology—it’saboutconnectinggenerationsandbridgingthedigitalgap.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whydopeoplenowadaysseldomrepairthings?A.It’shardtofindreplacementparts.B.Theyhavelostthehabitoffixing.C.Thecostofrepairistoohigh.9.Whydoestheman’sunclestillholdhisoldjacket?A.Itfitshimperfectly.B.Hewantstoreducewaste.C.Itholdsmemories.10.Whatoldobjectdoesthewoman’smotherown?A.Aradiofromthe1980s.B.Apairofrepairedshoes.C.A1970ssewingmachine.【答案】8.B9.C10.C【原文】M:Jenny,doyourepairthingsthesedays?W:Irecentlytriedtofixafan,butfindingtherightpartwasapain.Itmademethinkaboutmygrandfather,though.Heusedtomendeverything—hisoldradio,evenhisshoes.Now,peoplejustthrowthingsawayinsteadofeventryingtofixthem.M:Thevalueofrepairingisoverlooked.Myunclestillwearsajacketfromthe1980s.It’sworn,buthefixeditseveraltimes.It’smorethanjustanobject;itholdsmemories.W:Exactly.Thoseoldobjectshaveastory.Mymom’ssewingmachineisfromthe1970s.Itstillworksperfectlybecausesheknowshowtocareforit.M:We’velostthehabitofmending.Nowit’softeneasier—andsometimescheaper—justtobuynew.Butrepairingisn’tjustpractical;it’saboutpreservingmemoriesandreducingwaste.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Theboy’smother.B.Theboy’steacher.C.Theboy’sclassmate.12.Howdidthemathgroupchangetheirteamwork?A.Bystartingwithindividualwork.B.Byassigningagroupleader.C.Bymeetingmoreoften.13.Whydidthenewapproachworkbetterforthegroup?A.Itreducedthenumberofproblems.B.Itencouragedmoreideas.C.Itmademeetingsshorter.【答案】11.A12.A13.B【原文】M:I’mhome...andstarving!W:I’vegotfoodreadyforyou.Youseeminabettermoodtoday.Didsomethinggoodhappen?M:Oh,absolutely!Ourmathgroupfinallyworkedwellthisweek.W:Really?That’sasurprise.Usually,youcomehomeexhausted.Whatchanged?M:Westoppedtryingtosolveeveryquestiontogetherfromtheverystart.W:Howdidthathelp?M:Well,first,ourteamleadergaveeachpersonabouttenminutestothinkindependently.Then,wecametogethertodiscussandcompareourideas.W:Thatsoundslikeasmartapproach.M:Itreallywas.Theindividualthinkingtimeallowedeachpersontocomeupwiththeirownsolution,sowhenweshared,wehadmoreideastodiscuss.W:So,independentworkfirstmadeyourteamworkmoreeffective?M:Exactly!Itfeltmuchmoreorganized.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.HowdoJake’shobbieshelphim?A.Theyhelphimfocusandrelax.B.Theykeephimentertained.C.Theybroadenhishorizons.15.WhatdoesLisadotomanagetechdistractions?A.Sheplaysguitar.B.Shewritesinajournal.C.Shedrawspictures.16.WhatisJake’smainadviceforhispeers?A.Usetechnologyproperly. B.Dooutdooractivities. C.Findabalance.【答案】14.A15.B16.C【原文】W:Today,we’respeakingwithJake,ateenagernavigatinglifeintheageofAI.Jake,howdoyoumanageyourselfwithallthedistractionsfromtechnology?M:It’stough,butItrytosetboundaries.Itakebreaksfromscreens.Ireadordrawforatleast30minutestorelax.W:You’reself-disciplined.Howdoreadingandarthelpyou?M:Readingletsmeescapefromtheconstantnoiseoftech.FantasybookslikeHarryPotterhelpmefocusandengagemymind.Drawing,especiallynaturesketches,helpsmerelaxandclearsmyhead.W:Soundsuseful.Doyourfriendsdoanythingsimilar?M:Yes,someofthemdo.Lisa’sjournalskeepherthoughtsorganized.Bobplaysguitarwhenhefeelsoverwhelmed.Thesehobbieshelpusdisconnectfromtechandstaygrounded.W:It’sgreattoseethat.Whatadvicewouldyougivetoothersstrugglingwithtechnology?M:Findabalance.Maketimeforart,reading,ormusic.Theseactivitieshelpkeepourmindshealthyandpreventburnout.W:Thanksforsharing,Jake!M:Happyto!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatistheproject’smainpurpose?A.Trainingbirdwatchingvolunteers.B.Trackingclimateeffectsonbirds.C.Promotingcoastaltourism.18.Whatdovolunteersdointheproject?A.Settingupbirdfeedersalongthecoast.B.Protectingendangeredbirdspecies.C.Recordingdetailedbirdinformation.19.Whatdidvolunteersdiscoverlastyear?A.Anewbirdspecies.B.Asignofhabitatrecovery.C.Adecreaseinbirdpopulations.20.Whatisthespeaker’sopiniononbirdwatching?A.Itneedsexpensiveequipment.B.Itaidsglobalprotection.C.Itisjustahobby.【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.B【原文】W:Everyspring,Iparticipateinacitizenscienceproject,likeeBird,focusedonmonitoringbirdspeciesandbehaviorsalongthecoast.Wedocumenteverything—birdspecies,theirnumbers,andtheirbehaviors—acrossvariouslocations.Thedatawecollectiscrucialforscientistswhouseittotracktheimpactsofclimatechangeonbirdmigrationpatterns.Asvolunteers,wespendhourswalkingalongtheshore,fieldglassesinhand,observingandnotingdowneverysighting.Wetakedetailednotesonthingslikethetimeofday,theweatherconditions,andanychangesinthebirds’movements;wealsotracktheirnestingsites,feedinghabits,andflightdirections.Lastyear,wespottedseveralendangeredspoon-billedsandpipers,whichwasanincrediblefind.Theirappearancesuggeststhatthehabitattheyrelyonmightberecovering,ahopefulsigninthefaceofenvironmentalchallenges.Somepeoplestillthinkbirdcountingisjustahobby,butwhenthousandsofvolunteerscontribute,webecometheplanet’seyes.Thisisn’tsimplybirdwatching;it’sabouttakingresponsibility,understandingecosystems,andtakingactiontoprotectthem.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AABBCWildlifeMagazinesubscription(订阅)isasurewaytogetclosertothewondersofthenaturalworld.AsyouwouldexpectfromtheUK’soldestandbestwildlifemagazine,weonlyusethebestphotographersandmostknowledgeablewriterstocelebratetrulyawe-inspiringanimalsandhabitats.Ifyouwanttostayup-to-datewiththebignaturestoriesandpreservationinitiatives(倡议),whynotsubscribetoday?●Benefitsinclude:●Makegreatsavingsontheindividualshopprice●Deliverytoyourdoorwhereveryouare●Guaranteeyourcopyandnevermissanissue●Fascinatingfeatureswrittenbywildlifeexperts●ExcitingwildlifecompetitionsUnrivalled(无可匹敌的)for50years,BBCWildlifeMagazineistheultimateguidetothenaturalworld,givingsubscribersamoreimmersiveexperience.Itpublishes13issuesayear.Everyissueispackedfullofbreathtakingimagesandinsightfulfeaturesonabroadrangeofanimalsandhabitats,bothintheUKandoverseas.Andweprovidepracticaladvice,experttipsandideasforgreatdaysoutthatwillhelpyouunderstand,experienceandenjoynaturetoitsfullest.Youcanexpectthelatestnewsfromscientificdiscoveriestoenvironmentalissues,in-depthfeaturesaboutanimalbehaviourandpreservationwrittenbyexpertsworkinginthefield,andafascinatinglookatwhateachwildlifemonthhastooffer.Allarebroughtintovividfocusbyaward-winningphotographyfromaroundtheworld.BBCWildlifeMagazineisessentialreadingforanyonewithapassionfornatureandwildlife.Subscribetodayandletusbringthenaturalworldtoyourdoorstep.●BuyingOptions21.Whatcanreadersexpecttofindinthemagazine?A.PhotosofwildlifeonlyintheUK.B.Practicaladviceforhomegardening.C.Latestnewsfrompoliticalactivities.D.Featuresonanimalprotection.22.Howmuchdoyoupayforaone-yearprintsubscription?A.£72.00. B.£78.00.C.£90.00. D.£97.50.23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Apersonalblog.B.Aresearchpaper.C.Asubscriptionwebsite.D.Agovernmentreport.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了《BBC野生动物杂志》的订阅优势、刊物内容、特色价值以及适合人群，同时呼吁热爱自然与野生动物的读者订阅该杂志。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据原文第三段“Youcanexpectthelatestnewsfromscientificdiscoveriestoenvironmentalissues,in-depthfeaturesaboutanimalbehaviourandpreservationwrittenbyexpertsworkinginthefield(你可以了解从科学发现到环境问题的最新资讯，阅读由一线专家撰写的有关动物行为与保护的深度专题报道)”可知，读者可以在杂志中看到有关动物保护的专题内容。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Itpublishes13issuesayear.(它每年发行13期。)”及第二个图片内容“YearlySubscription:£6.00PERISSUE(年度订阅：每期6英镑)”可知，刊物一年发行13期，每期6英镑，一年纸质版订阅费用为78英镑。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“ABBCWildlifeMagazinesubscriptionisasurewaytogetclosertothewondersofthenaturalworld.(订阅《BBC野生动物杂志》，无疑是走近奇妙大自然的绝佳途径)”及全文介绍杂志订阅福利、购买选择并号召读者订阅的行文风格与内容可知，文章最有可能出自一个订阅网站。BItwasadullafternoonwhenathree-year-oldchild,lookingatafishtank,asked,“Howmuchlongerwillthefishbathe?Whenwilltheycomeout?”Theadultssmiledathisinnocence(纯真),butbehindthesmilehidathought:Whenwasthelasttimeweaskedsuchstrangelywonderfulquestions?Whatturnedusfromendlesslycuriouschildrenintoimpatient,unquestioningadults?Fivewords:“That’sjusthowitis.”Againandagain,ourquestionsmetwiththisreply.Whydofishliveinwater?That’sjusthowitis.Itisaconvenientanswer,onethatfitseveryquestion,yetexplainsnothing.Sohowdowefixthedamage?Bylookingforseeminglyuselessknowledge.Suchknowledgemayneverserveapracticalpurposeandthatiswhyitappearsuseless.Buttheactoflookingforit,justforthejoyofdiscovery,beginstorepairwhatwelost.Thesesmallbitsofknowledgeshowhiddenconnectionsandbringthatjoyful“aha”moment.Beyondbringingbackcuriosity,funfactsdeepenconversations.Oneevening,weaskedourfather,“Whowasthefirstcricketer(板球手)toscoreadoublecenturyinaOneDayInternational?”Withoutlookingaway,hereplied,“EveryoneknowsitwasTendulkar.”Wesaid,“Yes,hewasthefirstmalecricketer.Weaskedaboutthefirstcricketer.”Hestoppedthematchandraisedhiseyebrows.WetoldhimhowBelindaClarkescored229notoutagainstDenmarkin1997.Afewdayslater,atafamilygathering,ourfatheraskedeveryonethissamequestion.Instantly,theconversationturnedtowomen’scricket,andtohowwearemadetothinkofcricketasamen’ssport.Whatfeelslikeasmallquestiontodaycanbecometomorrow’sbigdiscovery.Afterall,everythingweknowisonlyadropinabigoceanoftheunknown.24.Whatmessageisconveyedinthefirstparagraph?A.Childrenarenaturallycurious.B.Adultshavelostcuriosity.C.Youngkidshavelimitedexperience.D.Familygatheringscreatememories.25.Whyis“That’sjusthowitis”consideredharmful?A.Ithelpschildrenacceptreality.B.Itoffersaconvenientanswer.C.Itmakesadultsseemimpatient.D.Itstopsfurtherexploration.26.WhatdidthefatherdoafterlearningaboutBelindaClarke?A.Hebegantodoubthimself.B.Hesharedthefactwithothers.C.Hebecameinterestedincricket.D.Hestoppedwatchingcricketmatches.27.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperiencesuggest?A.Curiositydriveshumanprogress.B.Curiosityisbestlearnedyoung.C.Curiosityhelpspeoplestaysafe.D.Curiosityreplacespracticalknowledge.【答案】24.B25.D26.B27.A【语篇解读】作者通过孩子提问的例子，探讨了成人好奇心消退的原因，阐述了看似无用的知识与好奇心的价值，呼吁人们保持探索精神。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Itwasadullafternoonwhenathree-year-oldchild,lookingatafishtank,asked,“Howmuchlongerwillthefishbathe?Whenwilltheycomeout?”Theadultssmiledathisinnocence(纯真),butbehindthesmilehidathought:Whenwasthelasttimeweaskedsuchstrangelywonderfulquestions?(在一个沉闷的下午，一个三岁的孩子看着鱼缸问：“鱼还要洗多久的澡？它们什么时候出来？”大人们为他的纯真而微笑，但笑容背后藏着一个想法：我们上一次问这样奇妙的问题是什么时候？)”可知，第一段通过对比孩子和成人，传递了“成年人已经失去了好奇心”这一信息。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whatturnedusfromendlesslycuriouschildrenintoimpatient,unquestioningadults?(是什么让我们从充满无尽好奇心的孩子变成了不耐烦、不再提问的成年人？)”及“That’sjusthowitis.Itisaconvenientanswer,onethatfitseveryquestion,yetexplainsnothing.(事情就是这样。这是一个方便且万能的回答，却什么也解释不了)”可知，“事情就是这样”这种回答会扼杀进一步的探索，因此是有害的。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Afewdayslater,atafamilygathering,ourfatheraskedeveryonethissamequestion.(几天后，在一次家庭聚会上，父亲向所有人问了同样的问题)”可知，父亲在了解了BelindaClarke的事迹后，在家庭聚会上和大家分享了这个事实。【27题详析】推理判断题。文章从成年人好奇心消退的现象说起，提出要通过探索看似无用的知识来修复好奇心，并举例说明好奇心能带来新的发现和深入的交流，最后一段以“Whatfeelslikeasmallquestiontodaycanbecometomorrow’sbigdiscovery.(今天看似微不足道的问题，可能会成为明天的重大发现)”点明主旨，体现了“Curiositydriveshumanprogress.(好奇心推动人类进步)”的观点。CIntheworldofbigfood,artificialintelligenceisnothingnew.McCormick,whichownsbrands(品牌)likeFrank’sRedHot,hasbeenusingAIintastedevelopmentfornearlytenyears.Thecompanysaysitsdevelopmenttimehasbeencutby20%to25%byfindinggoodtastemixesanddecidingwhichideasareworthtesting.ItisasimilarstoryatUnilever,whereAIisdeeplyusedinfoodresearch.Systemscantestthousandsofdishesinsecondsoncomputersandgettoworkableideaswithfewertests.Unilever’sKnorrFast&FlavourfulPaste,forexample,wasdevelopedinabouthalftheusualtime.ButevenasAIshapeshowfoodcompaniesdecidewhatendsuponstoreshelves,theyarequicktostressthatAIisnottakingoverthekitchen.“Humancreativityandjudgmentleadtheway,andAIisatooltohelpusdomore,”saidaUnileverleader.“Ourgreateststrengthwillalwaysbeourpeople,”saidMcCormick’schiefscienceofficer.AsmorenewcompaniesuseAItotellhowpeoplewillfeelaboutnewfoodproducts,itisunclearhowsuccessfultheywillbe.Foodscientistswhohavetestedthesesystemssaythetechnologyisstillearly.“AIcompaniesaresayingtoomuchaboutwhattheycando,”onefoodscientistsaid.“Withoutrealdatafrombigcompanies,theycanhardlytellwhatwillhappen.”WhereAIdoesn’tdowell,researcherssay,isbiology.Dr.JulienDelarue,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,saidpeople’shopesforAItoolsthatstudytastemaybeinflated.WhileAIcanhelpstudychemicaldata,knowinghowpeopletastedifferenttastesisstilllimited.Peopletastethesamechemicalsverydifferentlybecauseoftheirgenes(基因),culture,andlifeexperiences.“Thereisnosuchthingasanaverageperson,”Delaruesaid.Whenitcomestotasteitself,humansarestillthestandard.“Peoplewillalwaysbetheoneswhodecidewhattastesgood,”hesaid.“Notmachines.”28.What’ssaidaboutAIinthefoodindustry?A.Ittestsdishesinreallife.B.Itcreatesspecificproducts.C.Ithasbeenusedfortenyears.D.Itmakesproductdevelopmentfaster.29.Whatviewdofoodcompanyleadershold?A.AIhelpsbutcannottakeover.B.AIweakenshumancreativity.C.AIshouldbeusedeverywhere.D.AIshouldmakefinaldecisions.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inflated”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Tooexact. B.Toohigh.C.Toosimple. D.Tooearly.31.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Peoplearetherealtastejudges.B.AIwillsooncontroltastedevelopment.C.PeoplelikeAI-designedproductsbetter.D.Geneticdifferencesareeasytogetover.【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.A【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了人工智能在食品行业的应用及其局限性，强调人类在味觉判断中的主导地位。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Intheworldofbigfood,artificialintelligenceisnothingnew.McCormick,whichownsbrands(品牌)likeFrank’sRedHot,hasbeenusingAIintastedevelopmentfornearlytenyears.Thecompanysaysitsdevelopmenttimehasbeencutby20%to25%byfindinggoodtastemixesanddecidingwhichideasareworthtesting.(在大型食品行业领域，人工智能早已不是新鲜事物。拥有弗兰克辣酱等多个品牌的味好美公司，近十年来一直运用人工智能进行口味研发。该公司表示，通过找到好的口味组合并决定哪些想法值得测试，其开发时间缩短了20%至25%)”以及第二段中“Unilever’sKnorrFast&FlavourfulPaste,forexample,wasdevelopedinabouthalftheusualtime.(例如，联合利华的家乐牌快速美味酱的开发时间大约是平时的一半)”可知，人工智能加快了产品开发的速度。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“ButevenasAIshapeshowfoodcompaniesdecidewhatendsuponstoreshelves,theyarequicktostressthatAIisnottakingoverthekitchen.“Humancreativityandjudgmentleadtheway,andAIisatooltohelpusdomore,”saidaUnileverleader.“Ourgreateststrengthwillalwaysbeourpeople,”saidMcCormick’schiefscienceofficer.(但即使人工智能塑造了食品公司如何决定最终放在商店货架上的东西，他们也很快强调人工智能并没有接管厨房。“人类的创造力和判断力引领潮流，人工智能是帮助我们做更多事情的工具，”联合利华的一位领导者说。麦考密克公司的首席科学官表示：“我们最大的优势永远在于我们的员工。”)”可知，企业高管认为AI仅作辅助，无法取代人类。【30题详析】词句猜测题。根据第五段中“WhileAIcanhelpstudychemicaldata,knowinghowpeopletastedifferenttastesisstilllimited.Peopletastethesamechemicalsverydifferentlybecauseoftheirgenes(基因),culture,andlifeexperiences.(虽然人工智能可以帮助研究化学数据，但了解人们如何品尝不同的味道仍然有限。由于基因、文化和生活经历的不同，人们对相同的化学物质的味道也有很大的不同)”可知，AI在味觉研究方面存在短板，所以可推知人们对人工智能研究味道工具的期望可能过高了。故画线词意思是“过高的”。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Whenitcomestotasteitself,humansarestillthestandard.(说到味道本身，人类仍然是标准)”以及最后一段“Peoplewillalwaysbetheoneswhodecidewhattastesgood,”hesaid.“Notmachines.(人们永远是决定什么味道好的人，”他说。“不是机器”)”可推知，人类才是真正的味觉评判者。DThevarietyofbacteria(细菌)inourguts(肠道)hasbeenusedasameasureofoverallhealthforyearsnow.Butrecentstudiessuggestthatwhatmakesthegutsofcentenarians(peoplewholivetobe100orolder)differentisnotthevarietyofbacteriaspecieslivingthere,butthebalancedspreadofthosespecies.A2023studylookedatthegutsofover1,500people,including297centenarians.DrShuaiWangatChina’sGuangxiAcademyofSciencessaysthatwhilethisstudy’sfindingssupporttheideathatcentenarianshavespecialgutbacterialinkedtotheirlonglife,itshowedthatratherthanvariety,theirgoodhealthwasbetterreflectedbybalance.Infact,saysWang,“inmanydiseases,thevarietyofgutbacteriacanbegreaterinsickpatientsthanhealthypeople.Thisincreaseoftenhappensduetoalossofgutbarrier(屏障)resistance,allowingrarebacteriaorbacteriathatusuallyliveelsewheretosettlethere.”Inolderadults,hesays,“Aweakergutbarriercancauseasuddenincreaseofraregutbacteria,whichmayleadtomoretypesofbacteria,butnotnecessarilybringanyextrahealthbenefits.”Thekeytoimprovingaweakgutbarrierisfibre.Eatingahigh-fibredietwithplentyofvegetableskeepsthosebarriersstrong,andsodoesavoidingalcohol.DrMaryNiLochlainnisanotherexpertwhothinksthatbacterialvarietyisn’teverything.Sherananexperimentprovidingoldertwinswithprebiotic(益生元)fibreandfoundthat“theyallhadadecreaseinvariety,becausetheprebioticwascausingcertainbacteriatogrow,”shesays.“Buttheyalsoallhadimprovedcognition(认知),soitshowsmethelimitationofvariety.”Whilevarietymaynotbethemostimportantthingforguthealth,itcanstillplayapositiveroleinlaterlife.A2016studyintoweaknessandthegutbyLochlainn’scolleaguesatKing’sfoundalinkbetweenweaknessandlowerbacterialvariety.32.Whatisthekeytocentenarians’goodhealthaccordingtoDrShuaiWang?A.Ahigh-fibredietwithvegetables.B.Awidevarietyofgutbacteria.C.Thestrongfunctionofgutbarriers.D.Abalancedspreadofgutbacteria.33.Whydosomesickpatientshavehighergutbacterialvariety?A.Theytakesomevitaminpills.B.Theyeatmorefibre-richfood.C.Theirgutbarrierbecomesweaker.D.Theirillnessleadstomorebacteria.34.WhatcanbeinferredfromtheexperimentledbyDrMaryNiLochlainn?A.Higherbacterialvarietycanimprovecognition.B.Lowerbacterialvarietymaynotharmcognition.C.Prebioticfibrecanpromotepeople’sphysicalhealth.D.Prebioticfibreincreasesthetotalnumberofbacteria.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheSecretofLongLife:RegularExercise.B.PrebioticFibre:TheWaytoaHealthyGut.C.WeakeningGutBarrier:SurvivalofRareBacteria.D.BalanceOverVariety:ANewViewonGutHealth.【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.D【语篇解读】文章主要讨论了肠道细菌种类与健康之间的关系，特别是关于长寿者肠道细菌的特点。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butrecentstudiessuggestthatwhatmakesthegutsofcentenarians(peoplewholivetobe100orolder)differentisnotthevarietyofbacteriaspecieslivingthere,butthebalancedspreadofthosespecies.(但近期研究表明，百岁老人（寿命达到100岁及以上的人）肠道的独特之处，不在于肠道内细菌物种的种类多少，而在于这些菌种分布的均衡性)”可知，百岁老人健康的关键是肠道细菌的平衡分布。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Infact,saysWang,“inmanydiseases,thevarietyofgutbacteriacanbegreaterinsickpatientsthanhealthypeople.Thisincreaseoftenhappensduetoalossofgutbarrier(屏障)resistance,allowingrarebacteriaorbacteriathatusuallyliveelsewheretosettlethere.”(王博士表示：“事实上，在许多疾病中，患者肠道细菌的种类多样性反而会高于健康人群。这种细菌种类增多的现象，通常是因为肠道屏障抵抗力下降，使得稀有细菌或原本栖息在身体其他部位的细菌得以在肠道内定植存活。”)”可知，有些病人的肠道细菌种类更多是因为他们的肠道屏障抵抗力丧失，肠道屏障变弱了。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Sherananexperimentprovidingoldertwinswithprebiotic(益生元)fibreandfoundthat“theyallhadadecreaseinvariety,becausetheprebioticwascausingcertainbacteriatogrow,”shesays.“Buttheyalsoallhadimprovedcognition(认知),soitshowsmethelimitationofvariety.”(她说，她做了一项实验，给老年双胞胎补充益生元膳食纤维，结果发现：他们肠道细菌的种类多样性全都下降了，因为益生元促使特定细菌大量繁殖。“但他们的认知能力反而都得到了改善，这也让我看到了（细菌）多样性这一指标的局限性。”)”可知，玛丽·尼·洛赫兰博士的实验表明，虽然益生元纤维导致肠道细菌种类减少，但受试者的认知能力却得到了提高，这说明较低的细菌种类多样性可能不会损害认知能力。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thevarietyofbacteriainourgutshasbeenusedasameasureofoverallhealthforyearsnow.(多年来，我们肠道中的细菌种类一直被用作衡量整体健康的标准)”，第二段“itshowedthatratherthanvariety,theirgoodhealthwasbetterreflectedbybalance.(这表明，与多样性相比，他们的健康状况更能通过平衡来反映)”和最后一段“Whilevarietymaynotbethemostimportantthingforguthealth,itcanstillplayapositiveroleinlaterlife.(虽然多样性可能不是肠道健康最重要的因素，但它仍然可以在以后的生活中发挥积极作用)”可知，文章主要讨论了肠道细菌种类与健康之间的关系，特别是关于长寿者肠道细菌的特点，即肠道细菌的平衡分布比细菌种类的多样性更为重要。因此，短文的合适标题是D选项“平衡优于多样性：肠道健康的新观点”。第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WorldWaterDayon22Marchisareminderoftheimportanceofwaterforpeopleandtheplanet.____36____Whetheryou’resplashinginapoolorwalkingbyariver,waterconnectsyoursenses.Atthebeach,youcanseethewavesrollingin,hearthemcrashing,smellandtastethesaltyairandfeelthecoolwateronyourfeet.____37____Thiscanrefertothesea,canals,lakes,riversandfountains—anywherethatpeoplecanenjoywater.Scientiststhinkbluespaceshelpyourelaxbecause,overtime,lotsofhumanshavelivednearwater,soitfeelssafeandfamiliar.ResearcherKateCampbellstudiesbluespacesandsaystheyhavethepowerto“relaxourbodiesandtellourmindstoswitchoff”.Evenjustlookingatwatercanhelpyoufeelfocused.Astudyin2022foundthatitmadevolunteersfeelrelaxedandslowedtheirheartrate.____38____Studiesshowthatpeopleoftenfeelhappierwhentheyliveclosetothecoast.Waterhasalsobeenshowntoboostcreativity,whichiswhyyoumightgetgoodideasintheshowerorbath.____39____AuthorCatherineKellysaysrelaxinginthebathisgoodtoo,orfeelingrainonyourskin.Ifyoudon’tlikegettingwet,sitindoorsbythewindowandwatchraindropsracetothebottom.Atthebeachyoucangoforaswimifanadultsaysit’ssafetodoso,orsitontheshoreandwatchthehorizon.____40____Kellysaysyoucanthink,“HereIam,thissmallthing.Somyproblemsarenotthatbigafterall.”A.Butdidyouknowitkeepsyourmindhealthytoo?B.Waterisimportantforagricultureandindustryworldwide.C.Watchingwavescalmsmindandrushingwateraidssleep.D.Breathingseaaircanalsobegoodforyourphysicalhealth.E.Youdon’tneedtolivebytheseatofeelconnectedtowater.F.Thispeacefulfeelingnearwateractuallyhasaname:bluespace.G.Seeingahugebluespacehasbeenshowntohelpyouletgoofthings.【答案】36.A37.F38.C39.E40.G【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了亲近水域有助于放松身心、舒缓情绪、提升专注力与创造力，并列举了多种普通人亲近水、获得心灵平静的方式。【36题详析】根据前文“WorldWaterDayon22Marchisareminderoftheimportanceofwaterforpeopleandtheplanet.(3月22日的世界水日提醒着人们水对人类和地球的重要性。)”及后文“Whetheryou’resplashinginapoolorwalkingbyariver,waterconnectsyoursenses.(无论你是在泳池里戏水，还是在河边漫步，水都能牵动你的各种感官。)”开始讲述水对感官、心理和精神层面的益处，可知，空处需承上启下、引出水对心灵健康的作用；选项A“Butdidyouknowitkeepsyourmindhealthytoo?(但你知道它也能保持你的心理健康吗？)”契合上下文逻辑。【37题详析】根据后文“Thiscanrefertothesea,canals,lakes,riversandfountains—anywherethatpeoplecanenjoywater.(这可以指海洋、运河、湖泊、河流和喷泉——凡是人们可以享受水的地方。)”可知后文对某个专有名词进行解释，空处应先引出该名词；选项F“Thispeacefulfe