浙江省宁波市三锋联盟2024-2025学年高一下学期6月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省宁波市三锋联盟2024-2025学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoestheboywantthewomantodo?A.Checkhishomework. B.Writeacomposition. C.Givehimsomeideas.【答案】A【原文】M:Mom,Ijustfinishedmycomposition.CanyoucheckitbeforeIhanditin?W:Sure,let’stakealook.Sweetie,thisisterrific.Yourideasaresooriginal.M:Thanks.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atastore. B.Atarestaurant. C.Atschool.【答案】B【原文】W:Excuseme.Canyoucomehereforamoment?M:Yes,istheresomethingwrong?W:I’mafraidyou’vemadeamistake.Thisisn’twhatIordered.M:Sosorry,Imusthaveconfusedtheorders.I’llcheckit.3.Whendoesthemansuggestgoingshopping?A.OnFriday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnSunday.【答案】C【原文】W:It’sFridaytoday.Shallwegoshoppingtomorrow?M:Hmm...Whynotgoshoppingthedayaftertomorrow?IhateallthecrowdsofSaturdayshopping.4.Whatisthewoman?A.Asalesperson. B.Astudent. C.Arepairman.【答案】A【原文】W:Thiscellphoneisthelatestandquitepopularamongyoungpeople.M:Ilikeitverymuch.Someofmyclassmateshaveboughtit.Iwilltakeit.W:OK.Hereisyourreceipt.Youcanreturnitin7daysandexchangeitinonemonth.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Acompany. B.Areport. C.Aworkmate.【答案】C【原文】M:Idon’tthinkCathycanfinishthereportsinoneweek.W:That’swhatIamthinking.Shejustcametoourcompanyamonthago.Sheneedsmoretraining.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatiswrongwiththecomputer?A.Itdoesn’thavemuchmemoryspace.B.Itwasdamagedbyvirus.C.Itistooold.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Buyanewcomputer.B.Askotherstorepairthecomputer.C.Deletesomeprogramsandapplications.【答案】6.C7.A【原文】W:Socanyoufixit?M:I’msorry.Thiscomputerisnotbrokenordamaged.It’ssimplyjusttooold!That’swhyyourprogramsandapplicationsarerunningslow.Therereallyisn’tmuchIcando.It’stimetohaveanewone.W:Whatdoyoumean?Iboughtthiscomputerjustthreeyearsago!M:Yes,buttechnologyiseverchangingandit’sbecomingfasterandfaster!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.WhywillNinaseethedentist?A.Tofillabadtooth. B.Topulloutatooth. C.Togetherteethcleaned.9.HowwillNinagotothedentist’s?A.Bycar. B.Bybus. C.Onfoot.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】W:Oh,it’salready3o’clock.Imustbeoffnow.M:Whydoyouleavesosoon,Nina?W:Lastweek,mydentistfoundIhadabadtoothwhilecleaningmyteeth.Andsheadvisedmetopullitoutthisweek.M:Gotit.Whendoyouneedtogettothedentist’s?W:By4:00pm.M:It’sonlyafifteen-minutedrive.I’msureyoucangetthereontime.W:ButI’mnotdrivingmycartoday.Andthebusalwaysmakesmesick.Ihavetowalkallthewaythere.M:Inthiscase,you’dbettersetoffnow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheapartment?A.Noisy. B.Great. C.Expensive.11.Whydoesthemanhavetomoveoutoftheapartment?A.Hecan’taffordit.B.Theownerwantstosellit.C.Itisgoingtoberedecorated.12.Whatpetdoesthemanhave?A.Adog. B.Acat. C.Arabbit.【答案】10.B11.B12.C【原文】W:Youlookupset.Whathappened?M:Myleaseisup.Ihavetomove.W:Why?Thisapartmentisoffthestreetanditlooksnew.Thepriceisreasonable.Can’tyourenewit?M:Theownerwantstoselltheapartment.W:Well,Icanhelpyoupack.Youshouldstartlookingforanewplace.M:IthinkImightlivewithmyparentsforacoupleofmonths.Youknowhowharditistofindagoodplacearoundhere.W:Well,letmeknowifthere’sanythingIcandotohelpout.M:Actually,wouldyoumindlookingaftermypetrabbitforacoupleofweeks?W:Oh,Ithoughtyourpetwasacatoradog.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.WhereisSusanfrom?A.SouthAfrica. B.Britain. C.America.14.WhichlanguagedoesSusanspeak?A.English. B.Afrikaans. C.Xhosa.15.WhatisthemostpopularsportinSusan’shometown?A.Basketball. B.Rugby. C.Football.16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Lookatsomephotos. B.Makeatravelplan. C.Watchamatch.【答案】13.A14.A15.B16.A【原文】M:I’vemadeanewfriendrecently.HernameisSusan,andshe’sfromSouthAfrica.W:Howdidyoumeether?M:WemetoverWeChat.Shehasverycoolphotosonhersocialmedia.Thephotosofherhometownlookamazing.It’sinthesouthwestofSouthAfrica.Sheinvitedmetotravelthere.W:That’sgreat.Whatlanguagesdothepeopletherespeak?M:Well,manylanguagesarespokenthere,suchasAfrikaans,Xhosaandsoon,butSusanonlyspeaksEnglish.Shesayshergreat-grandparentswerefromBritain.W:Didn’tSouthAfricahosttheFootballWorldCupafewyearsago?Theymustplayfootballalotthen,right?M:Ithinktheyplayfootball,butit’snotaspopularasrugby.W:Whatisthenameofherhometown?CanIlookatherphotos?M:It’scalledCapeTown.Letmeshowyousomeofthem.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WheredidMackRutherfordstarthistrip?A.InEngland. B.InBulgaria. C.InBelgium.18.WhendidLudlowmakehisflightaroundtheworld?A.Attheageof17. B.Attheageof18. C.Attheageof19.19.WhyisZaramentioned?A.Shecrossedtheequatortwice.B.SheinspiredRutherfordtobecomeapilot.C.Shefinishedherownaround-the-worldflight.20.Whatcausesmostoftheflightdelays?A.Thebadweather.B.Theaircraftengineproblem.C.Thewaitstogetpermitsanddocuments.【答案】17.B18.B19.C20.C【原文】M:MackRutherfordisa17-year-oldpilot.Hehasbecometheyoungestpersontoflyalonearoundtheworld.HelandedhissmallplaneinBulgaria’scapital,Sofia.Thatisalsowherehestartedhistripfivemonthsago.Rutherfordturned17duringhistrip.HebroketheGuinnessWorldRecordfortheyoungestmaletoflyaroundtheworld.ThatrecordhadbeenheldbyTravisLudlowofBritain.Ludlowwas18whenhemadehisflightaroundtheworldlastyear.Rutherfordwasbornintoafamilyofflyers.Hissister,Zarafinishedherownaround-the-worldflightinJanuaryattheageof19.Zaraalsosettherecordastheyoungestwomantoflyalonearoundtheworld.TobreaktheGuinnessWorldRecords,Rutherfordcrossedtheequatortwice.Hefirstplannedtomakethetripinthreemonths.However,itlastedlongerbecauseofseveralbarriers,includingrainstorms,sandstormsandextremeheat.Mostofthedelayswerecausedbywaitstogetpermitsandotherdocumentsrequiredforkeepingwiththeflightplan.OnWednesday,ahugecrowdofpeoplewelcomedRutherfordandcelebratedhisachievements.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。AHerearefourofthemosticonicplacesworldwide.Besidesmanyincredibleattractions,theselandmarksalsohavegreatworkexchangeopportunities,forthoselookingtosavemoneyorhaveauniqueculturalexperience.GoldenGateBridge,USAKnownforitsrustic(乡村)redcolor,theGoldenGateBridgewasbuiltinthe1930sandwasthetallestandlongestsuspension(悬浮)bridgeintheworld.ThebridgeisoneofthebesticonicplacesinSanFrancisco,andyoucanstayinthecityonabudgetbyvolunteeringatayogastudio.BanffNationalPark,CanadaHometoalpinepeaks,glaciallakes,andthefamousIcefieldsParkwayscenicdrive,Banffisaheavenforloversofnaturalbeautyandadventure.Acoolworkexchangetotryisthisfamily-runicecreamshopinTwinButte,just3.5hoursawayfromBanffNationalPark.Stayinalocalfamilyhomeandhelpwithrunningtheshopaswellasanimalcare.BalboaPark,USATheBalboaParkisoneofthemostvisitedtouristattractionsinSanDiego,USA.Theparkisfullofhistory,architecture,art,andbeautifulnature.Youcouldspendanentiredayexploringthisoasis(绿洲)ofcultureinSanDiego.AnyexperiencedvideographersvisitingSanDiegoshouldconsiderthisworkexchange!TheGreatPyramidofGiza,EgyptAstheoldestoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld,andtheonlyonethatstillremainswell-preservedtoday,theGreatPyramidofGizaisatrulyfantasticsight.It’sthelargestpyramidinEgyptandwasbuiltintheearly26thCenturyBC.YoucanactuallyworkataguesthouseinCairo,whereyoucanseethepyramidsdirectly!21.WhatmakestheGoldenGateBridgespecial?A.Itsrecord-breakinglengthfordecades. B.Itsuniqueredcoloramongglobalbridges.C.ItsroleasavolunteerhubinSanFrancisco. D.Itsnearly100-yearhistorysinceconstruction.22.WhatdoBanffNationalParkandBalboaParkhaveincommon?A.Richinnaturalwonders. B.Abundantinglaciallakes.C.Perfectforadventurelovers. D.Excellentforvideoshooting.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toencouragepeopletotravelinexpensively.B.Tocomparetheattractionsofdifferentcountries.C.Tointroducethehistoryoffouriconiclandmarks.D.Torecommendworkexchangechancesatfamousplaces.【答案】21.D22.A23.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了全球四处标志性地点，除了令人惊叹的景点外，还为希望节省开支或获得独特文化体验的人提供了工作交换机会，包括美国金门大桥、加拿大班夫国家公园、美国巴尔博亚公园和埃及吉萨大金字塔，并分别说明了各处的工作交换方式。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据GoldenGateBridge,USA中“Knownforitsrustic(乡村)redcolor,theGoldenGateBridgewasbuiltinthe1930sandwasthetallestandlongestsuspension(悬浮)bridgeintheworld.(金门大桥以其质朴的红色而闻名，建于20世纪30年代，是世界上最高、最长的悬索桥。)”可知，金门大桥的特别之处是自建成以来已有近100年的历史。故选D项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据BanffNationalPark,Canada中“Hometoalpinepeaks,glaciallakes,andthefamousIcefieldsParkwayscenicdrive,Banffisaheavenforloversofnaturalbeautyandadventure.(班夫拥有高山山峰、冰川湖泊和著名的冰原公园大道，是自然美景和冒险爱好者的天堂。)”以及BalboaPark,USA中“Theparkisfullofhistory,architecture,art,andbeautifulnature.(公园里充满了历史、建筑、艺术和美丽的自然风光。)”可知，班夫国家公园和巴尔博亚公园的共同之处是都有着丰富的自然奇观。故选A项。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Besidesmanyincredibleattractions,theselandmarksalsohavegreatworkexchangeopportunities,forthoselookingtosavemoneyorhaveauniqueculturalexperience.(除了许多令人难以置信的景点，这些地标还为那些想省钱或有独特文化体验的人提供了很好的工作交流机会。)”可知，除了令人惊叹的景点，这些地标还有很棒的工作交换机会。接下来分别介绍了四个标志性地方以及在这些地方可以进行的工作交换项目。由此可推知，文章的主要目的是推荐著名地方的工作交换机会。故选D项。BThisyearIamlivingabroadinGermanyandtryingtolearnasmuchGermanaspossible.ButonethingIdidn’trealizewashowmanynewwordsIwouldfaceeveryday.Iseeandhearnewwordseverywhere:thenoticesinthetrainstation;menusinrestaurants;thelocalnewspaperandofcoursefrommyGerman-speakingfriends.Newwordsareallaroundyouwhenyouareinaforeigncountry.Atfirst,alotofGermanwordsIdidn’tunderstandgavemeaheadache.Ikeptonlookingupnewwords,butbytheendofthedayIhadforgottenmostofthemalready.Itupsetme.Amonthlater,Iwenttoashopandboughtasmallnotebook.Isetmyselfthegoalofwritingfivenewwordsadayintomylittlebluenotebook.Sincethen,inmybag,Ihavealwayscarriedanimportantthing—mylittlebluewordnotebook.Idon’thaveanyrulesaboutwhichwordsIwritedown.MostdaysIwritedownwordsthatIlearnfrommypartnersatwork,orwordsthatIhaveread.Ihavealsolearnedthenamesofmanyfruitsandvegetablesfromlookingattheirlabelsinthesupermarket—averyunexpectedwayoflearningwords.AndIhavelearnedmanywordsthatIhaveheardonTVorontheradio.IfIhearawordthatIevendon’tknowhowtospell,IwritedownhowIthinkitisandlookituplater.Mylittlebluewordnotebookisnowlikemyclosestfriend.WearelikeBatmanandRobin;wegoeverywheretogether.SettingthesmalldailygoalhasmademefeelmuchmoreincontrolofmylanguagelearningandIamalreadyseeinganimprovement.IwillcontinuetouseitfortherestofmystayinGermanyandalsowhenIreturntouniversityathomeinSeptember.24.WhatsurprisedtheauthorwhenlivinginGermany?A.ThehighcostoflivinginGermany.B.ThedifficultyoflearningGermangrammar.C.ThenewGermanwordssheencountereddaily.D.TheunfriendlinessoflocalGermanspeakers.25.Howdoestheauthorchoosewordsforthenotebook?A.Byaskingfriendstodictatewords.B.Bynotingdownanyunfamiliarwords.C.Bycopyingrestaurantmenusentirely.D.Byselectingthehardestgrammarrules.26.WhydidthewritercomparehernotebooktoBatmanandRobin?A.Toshowthenotebookisasfamousassuperheroes.B.Toexpressherdeeploveanddependenceonthenotebook.C.Tosuggestshewantstobeasuperheroinlanguagelearning.D.ToprovethatlearningGermanisasexcitingassuperherostories.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowIAdaptedtoLifeinGermany.B.HowIMasteredGermanGrammar.C.HowILearnedGermanwithaNotebook.D.HowIRealizedtheValueofLanguages.【答案】24.C25.B26.B27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在德国学习德语时，通过记录生词来提高语言能力的经历。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ButonethingIdidn’trealizewashowmanynewwordsIwouldfaceeveryday.(但我没有意识到的一件事是，我每天会遇到多少新单词)”可知，作者在德国生活时，每天都会遇到很多新的德语单词，这让她感到惊讶。故选C。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Idon’thaveanyrulesaboutwhichwordsIwritedown.MostdaysIwritedownwordsthatIlearnfrommypartnersatwork,orwordsthatIhaveread.(我没有规定要写哪些单词。大多数时候，我会写下从工作伙伴那里学到的单词，或者读到的单词)”可知，作者没有特定的规则来选择要记在笔记本上的单词，而是记下任何不熟悉的单词。故选B。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Mylittlebluewordnotebookisnowlikemyclosestfriend.WearelikeBatmanandRobin;wegoeverywheretogether.(我的蓝色小单词笔记本现在就像我最亲密的朋友。我们就像蝙蝠侠和罗宾；我们走到哪里都在一起)”可知，作者将笔记本比作蝙蝠侠和罗宾，以此表达她对笔记本的深厚感情和依赖。故选B。【27题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Atfirst,alotofGermanwordsIdidn’tunderstandgavemeaheadache.Ikeptonlookingupnewwords,butbytheendofthedayIhadforgottenmostofthemalready.Itupsetme.Amonthlater,Iwenttoashopandboughtasmallnotebook.Isetmyselfthegoalofwritingfivenewwordsadayintomylittlebluenotebook.Sincethen,inmybag,Ihavealwayscarriedanimportantthing—mylittlebluewordnotebook.(起初，大量我不懂的德语单词让我头疼不已。我不断地查阅新单词，可到了一天结束时，大部分单词我已经忘得差不多了。这让我很沮丧。一个月后，我去了一家商店，买了一本小笔记本。我给自己定下目标，每天在小蓝本上记五个新单词。从那以后，我的包里总是装着一件重要的东西——我的蓝色小单词笔记本)”和第四段中“SettingthesmalldailygoalhasmademefeelmuchmoreincontrolofmylanguagelearningandIamalreadyseeinganimprovement.(设定这个小目标让我感觉更能掌控自己的语言学习，而且我已经看到了进步)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者在德国学习德语时，通过每天记录五个新单词的方法来提高自己的语言能力。因此，选项C“HowILearnedGermanwithaNotebook(我是如何用笔记本学习德语的)”最能概括文章的主旨，可以作为最佳标题。故选C。CJuniorAtreyeeGhosh,abiochemistryandpsychologymajorattheUniversityofRochester(UR),firstheardabouttheBrainExerciseInitiative(BEI)throughafriend.Sinceherfreshmanyearofcollege,GhoshhasbeenvolunteeringwithseniorcitizensinherhometownofGeorgia.ShewantedtocontinuethisworkatUR,soshestartedtryingtoestablishaBEIchapterinRochester.Alzheimer’sdiseaseisabraindiseasethataffects55millionpeopleworldwideandistheleadingcauseofdementia(痴呆).BEI’smissionistosendvolunteerstohelpolderpeoplewithAlzheimer’scompletespecialbrainexercisepackets.Thesepacketshavethreesections:Writing:Basicquestionslike“Whoisonthedollarbill?”Math:Quickmathproblems(addition,subtraction,multiplication)todoasfastaspossible.Reading:Ashortpassagethatthevolunteerandtheolderpersondiscuss.GhoshsaysBEIisn’tjustaboutdoingtheexercises—it’saboutmakinggenuinerelationships.“Wewanttolearntheirnamesandlistentotheirlifestories—it’saboutbeinghumanconnection.”ResearchshowthatdoingthesebrainexercisesregularlycanhelpimprovethecognitiveabilitiesofpeoplewithAlzheimer’s.Thistypeofprogramisalreadyusedinover1,400carehomesinJapan.AliAlQazzaz,amicrobiologymajorandthechapter’sOutreachCoordinator(协调员),joinedBEItobridgehisschoolacademicinterestonAlzheimer’sespeciallywhyit’smorecommonneartheEarth’sequator(赤道).“Asapremedicalstudent,Iwanttobothstudythediseaseandlearnfrompeoplewhohaveit,”hesays.Volunteersgettraining,includingrole-playingsessionstohandlechallengeslikewhensomeonehasstrugglingwiththeexercises.Recently,BEIco-sponsoredFamilyScienceDay.Theyplayedbrainmemorygameswithlocalfamiliestoteachkidsandparentsabouthowmemoryworks.Afterthat,thegroupwilldoapracticevolunteersessionatSt.Ann’sCommunity.ThechapteralsohopestopartnerwithBrookDaleSeniorLiving.Tostayupdatedonvolunteeringopportunities,follow@rockester.beionInstagram.28.WhatmotivatedGhoshtofoundaBEIchapteratUR?A.Arequirementforherbiochemistrymajor.B.Apersonalfamilyexperiencewithdementia.C.HeracademicresearchonAlzheimer’sdisease.D.Herdesiretocontinuevolunteeringwithseniors.29.WhatdoesBEI’strainingforvolunteersinclude?A.Medicaltestsforseniors.B.VisitstocarehomesinJapan.C.LecturesonAlzheimer’sdisease.D.BrainexerciseforseniorswithAlzheimer’s.30.WhatdidBEIdoduringFamilyScienceDay?A.TheylaunchedtheirInstagrampage.B.Theyconductedatrialrunoftheirexercisepackets.C.Theyhostedbrainmemorygamesforlocalfamilies.D.TheyheldavolunteeractivityatSt．Ann’sCommunity.31.Whereisthisarticlemostlikelytakenfrom?A.Aseniorcareindustrymagazine.B.Auniversitycampusnewswebsite.C.Asocialwelfareorganizationbrochure.D.Aninternationalmedicalresearchjournal.【答案】28.D29.D30.C31.B【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述罗切斯特大学学生戈什(Ghosh)创办BEI分会，组织志愿者帮助阿尔茨海默病老人做脑锻炼，还开展科普活动的事迹。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Sinceherfreshmanyearofcollege,GhoshhasbeenvolunteeringwithseniorcitizensinherhometownofGeorgia.ShewantedtocontinuethisworkatUR,soshestartedtryingtoestablishaBEIchapterinRochester.(从大学一年级起，Ghosh就在家乡佐治亚州从事老年人志愿服务。她想在罗切斯特大学继续这项工作，因此开始尝试成立BEI分会。)”可知，Ghosh的动机是希望在大学延续为老年人志愿服务的经历。故选D项。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Volunteersgettraining,includingrole-playingsessionstohandlechallengeslikewhensomeonehasstrugglingwiththeexercises.(志愿者接受培训，包括角色扮演环节，以应对诸如有人在练习中遇到困难等挑战。)”可知，培训内容涉及如何协助阿尔茨海默病患者完成脑锻炼。故选D项。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Recently,BEIco-sponsoredFamilyScienceDay.Theyplayedbrainmemorygameswithlocalfamiliestoteachkidsandparentsabouthowmemoryworks.(最近，BEI联合主办了家庭科学日。他们与当地家庭一起玩大脑记忆游戏，向孩子和家长讲解记忆的工作原理。)”可知，活动内容是为家庭举办大脑记忆游戏。故选C项。【31题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文围绕罗切斯特大学学生创办BEI分会的经历展开，多次提及校园场景（如“atUR”“premedicalstudent”）和学生活动（如家庭科学日、志愿者培训）。第一段首句“JuniorAtreyeeGhosh,abiochemistryandpsychologymajorattheUniversityofRochester(UR)(大三学生AtreeyeGhosh，罗切斯特大学生物化学和心理学专业)”直接点明人物身份为大学生，最后一段“follow@rockester.beionInstagram”也符合校园社团宣传的特点，所以本文应来自一个大学校园新闻网站。故选B项。DPeoplearelivinglonger,andbecauseofthis,manycountriesaremakingpeopleworklongertoo.Denmarkrecentlysaiditwillraisetheretirementagefrom67to70by2040.Danishworkerswillthenhavetoworklongerthanworkersinanyothercountrybeforetheycanretire.TheDanishgovernmentsaysthisnewruleisneededbecausepeoplearelivinglonger.ButaunionleadernamedJesperRasmussendoesn’tlikethisplan.Hesaid,“Denmark’seconomyisdoingwell,butnowitwillhavethehighestretirementageintheEU.Workerswon’tbeabletoenjoyagoodlifewhentheyareold.”Denmark’sdecisionispartofabigtrendaroundtheworld.Withbetterhospitals,morenutritiousfood,andsaferlivingplaces,people’slivesaregettinglonger.Thisisaproblemforcountriesbecausetherearemoreoldpeopleandfeweryoungpeopleworking.Pensionsystems,whichpaymoneytooldpeople,arerunningoutofmoney.So,raisingtheretirementageseemslikeagoodwaytofixthisproblem.Chinawillalsoraisetheretirementageoverthenext15years.Theone-childpolicyinthepastmadethenumberofyoungpeoplesmaller.Now,therearen’tenoughyoungworkerstosupportoldpeople.However,noteveryonelikestheideaofworkinglonger.Workers’groupsareworried.Theysayjobslikebuildinghousesorworkinginfactoriesaretootiringforoldpeople.Also,olderworkersmayhaveahardtimefindingorkeepingajobbecausesomebossesthinktheyaretooold.Economiststhinkraisingtheretirementageisgoodfortheeconomy.Moreworkersmeanmoreproductsandmoremoneyforthecountry.Andthegovernmentwon’thavetospendsomuchonpensions.Inshort,raisingtheretirementageisatoughproblem.Countriesneedtofindawaytohelpoldpeopleworkandstillhaveagoodlife.Maybetheycangiveoldworkerstrainingormakerulestostopbossesfrombeingunfairtothem.Onlythencancountriesdealwiththeproblemofanagingpopulationwell.32.WhyisDenmarkraisingtheretirementage?A.Becausetheeconomyisbad. B.Becausepeoplearelivinglonger.C.BecausetheEUasksthemtodoso. D.Becausetherearetoomanyworkers.33.WhatwasthemainprobleminChinathatledtotheretirementageincrease?A.Peopledidn’tliketheoldretirementage.B.Toomanyoldpeopledidn’twanttoretire.C.Theone-childpolicymadefeweryoungworkers.D.Thegovernmentwantedmoremoneyfromworkers.34.Whatareworkers’groupsworriedabout?A.Oldworkerswillgetlesspay.B.Pensionsystemswillbreakdown.C.Therewon’tbeenoughjobsforyoungpeople.D.Oldworkerswillbetootiredandhavetroublefindingjobs.35.Whatsolutiondoestheauthorsuggestforagingpopulations?A.Offeringtrainingandfairrules. B.Cuttingpensionstosavecosts.C.Encouragingearlierretirement. D.Focusingonyoungworkers.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球多国因人口老龄化提高退休年龄的现象、原因及影响，并提出应对措施。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheDanishgovernmentsaysthisnewruleisneededbecausepeoplearelivinglonger.(丹麦政府表示，由于人们寿命延长，这一新规定是必要的。)”可知，丹麦提高退休年龄是因为人们寿命延长了。故选B。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Chinawillalsoraisetheretirementageoverthenext15years.Theone-childpolicyinthepastmadethenumberofyoungpeoplesmaller.Now,therearen’tenoughyoungworkerstosupportoldpeople.(未来15年，中国也将提高退休年龄。过去的独生子女政策导致年轻人数量减少。如今，年轻劳动力不足以赡养老人。)”可知，中国提高退休年龄的主要原因是独生子女政策导致年轻劳动力减少。故选C。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theysayjobslikebuildinghousesorworkinginfactoriesaretootiringforoldpeople.Also,olderworkersmayhaveahardtimefindingorkeepingajobbecausesomebossesthinktheyaretooold.(他们说，像盖房子或在工厂工作这样的工作对老年人来说太累了。此外，年长的工人可能很难找到或保住工作，因为一些老板认为他们年纪太大了。)”可知，工人团体担心老年工人太累且难以找到或保住工作。故选D。【35题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Maybetheycangiveoldworkerstrainingormakerulestostopbossesfrombeingunfairtothem.(也许他们可以给老年工人提供培训，或者制定规则来阻止老板对他们不公平。)”可知，作者建议为老年工人提供培训并制定公平规则。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两项为多余选项。HowtoQuietaComplainer(抱怨者)Haveyoueversufferedyourmother’scomplaintsaboutherachesandpains?Lengthycomplaintswillruinthequalityofyourtimetogether.Butyoumaynotbebraveenoughtostopher.____36____Changethesubject.____37____Ifyourneighboriscomplainingaboutthephonecompany,tellheraboutanunexpectedcallyoureceivedfromanoldfriend.Ifyourcoworkeriscomplainingaboutyourboss,askwhetherhemetthenewemployee.Justgetthemoffthefocusthatthey’recurrently(目前的)on.Summarize(总结)thecomplaint.Ifyourcomplainerkeepsrepeatinghimself,hemaystopifyoushowthatyou’relistening.Asksomethinglike,“CanItellyouwhatI’veheardandIunderstandhowyoufeel?”Using“I”statementsratherthan“you”statementsshowthatyou’reinterestedratherthantryingtoshutthepersondown.____38____Sayingyouheartheirdissatisfactiongetsthepointsacross.____39____Whenyouhavethingstodo,tellthecomplainerthatyoumustcuttheconversationshort.Youdon’tneedexcusessuchasaworkdeadlineoradentistappointment.Youcansimplybehonest,evensayingyouneedtomoveonsotheconversationdoesn’tbringyoudown–especiallyifit’ssomeonewho’scomplainedtoyoumanytimesbefore.Haveaheart-to-hearttalk.Whenit’ssomeoneveryclosetoyou—yourpartner,sibling,orbestfriend—whostressesyououtwithalotofnegativity,it’simportantthatyoutakestepstodealwiththesituation.____40____Otherwise,ifyoubottleupyourfeelingsandcontinuelisteningtorepeatedcomplaints,youmaygrowangryorstartavoidingtheperson.A.Trytobehonest.B.Challengethepersontotalk.C.Avoidsayingthewordcomplaining.D.Theproblemsstartwhencomplainingbecomesahabit.E.It’simportanttotalkabouttheproblemwithanopenheart.F.Infact,therearesomewaystogetacomplainertostopwithoutstartinganargument.G.Somecomplainerswillswitchtopicsifyoushifttheconversationinadirectionthatintereststhem.【答案】36.F37.G38.C39.A40.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何应对抱怨者，提供了几种有效的方法来让他们停止抱怨而不引发争吵。【36题详析】由上文“Haveyoueversufferedyourmother’scomplaintsaboutherachesandpains?Lengthycomplaintswillruinthequalityofyourtimetogether.Butyoumaynotbebraveenoughtostopher.(你是否曾忍受过母亲对她身体疼痛的抱怨？冗长的抱怨会破坏你们共度时光的质量。但你可能没有足够的勇气阻止她)”可知，抱怨会影响相处质量，但直接阻止可能困难，下文给出了具体方法，本空应提出有办法让抱怨者停止抱怨。F选项“Infact,therearesomewaystogetacomplainertostopwithoutstartinganargument.(事实上，有一些方法可以让抱怨者停止抱怨而不引发争吵)”能够承上启下，符合题意。故选F。【37题详析】由小标题“Changethesubject.(转换话题)”可知，本空应说明改变话题能让抱怨者停止抱怨。G选项“Somecomplainerswillswitchtopicsifyoushifttheconversationinadirectionthatintereststhem.(如果你把谈话转向他们感兴趣的方向，一些抱怨者会转换话题)”具体说明了改变话题如何起作用，符合题意。故选G。【38题详析】由上文“Ifyourcomplainerkeepsrepeatinghimself,hemaystopifyoushowthatyou’relistening.Asksomethinglike,“CanItellyouwhatI’veheardandIunderstandhowyoufeel?”Using“I”statementsratherthan“you”statementsshowthatyou’reinterestedratherthantryingtoshutthepersondown.(如果你的抱怨者一直重复同样的话，如果你表现出你在听，他可能会停下来。你可以这样问：“我能说说我都听到了什么，并且我理解你的感受吗？”使用“我”的表述而不是“你”的表述，表明你感兴趣，而不是想让对方闭嘴)”和下文“Sayingyouheartheirdissatisfactiongetsthepointsacross.(说你在倾听他们的不满，就能把意思表达清楚)”可知，本空应说明在总结抱怨内容时，应避免使用“抱怨”这个词，以免让对方感到被指责。C选项“Avoidsayingthewordcomplaining.(避免说“抱怨”这个词)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。【39题详析】由下文“Whenyouhavethingstodo,tellthecomplainerthatyoumustcuttheconversationshort.Youdon’tneedexcusessuchasaworkdeadlineoradentistappointment.Youcansimplybehonest,evensayingyouneedtomoveonsotheconversationdoesn’tbringyoudown–especiallyifit’ssomeonewho’scomplainedtoyoumanytimesbefore.(当你有事情要做时，告诉抱怨者你必须缩短谈话。你不需要找借口，比如工作截止日期或看牙医的预约。你可以坦诚相待，甚至说你需要继续前进，这样谈话就不会让你沮丧——尤其是如果对方是以前多次向你抱怨过的人)”可知，本段主要建议要坦诚相待，告诉抱怨者你需要结束对话。A选项“Trytobehonest.(尽量诚实)”概括了本段主旨，符合题意。故选A。【40题详析】由上文“Haveaheart-to-hearttalk.(进行一次坦诚的交谈)”和“Whenit’ssomeoneveryclosetoyou–yourpartner,sibling,orbestfriend—whostressesyououtwithalotofnegativity,it’simportantthatyoutakestepstodealwiththesituation.(当对方是你非常亲近的人——你的伴侣、兄弟姐妹或最好的朋友——他们用很多消极情绪让你感到压力时，采取措施处理这种情况是很重