河北省衡水市廊坊市等学校NT20名校联合体2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省衡水市廊坊市等学校NT20名校联合体2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFourBestScienceMuseumsintheworldTheNaturalHistoryMuseum,LondonFeaturingawe-inspiringexhibitsallhousedinamasterpieceofarchitecturaldesign,thismuseumisamust-visitforanyonewhotravelstoLondon.Themainthemeofthemuseumisnaturalhistoryanditfeaturescollectionsaboutanimals,plants,humanbiology,minerals,andnaturalresources.Itfirstopenedin1881andreceivesaround5millionvisitorsayear.TheAcademyofNaturalSciences,PhiladelphiaThismuseumwasfoundedin1812andformspartofDrexelUniversity.Itcontainscollectionsofover17millionspecimens(标本)includinganincrediblyimpressive13mtallcompleteT-Rexskeletontogreetyouasyouenter.Itisaleadingnaturalhistorymuseumfocusedonadvancingresearch,education,andpublicengagementinbiodiversityandenvironmentalscience.TheOntarioScienceCentre,TorontoTheOntarioScienceCentreinToronto,firstopeneditsdoorsin1969andwasoneofthepioneersofthe“hands-on”approachtomuseums.Itcontainshundredsofinteractiveexhibitsrangingfromgeologyandhumananatomy(解剖)toastronomyandmodernformsofcommunication.TheOntarioScienceCentredelights,informs,andchallengesthecommunities,offeringhands-onexperiencesandengagementwithscienceoflocal,national,andglobalrelevance.TheHongKongSpaceMuseum,HongKongTheHongKongSpaceMuseumisaniconicpartofthecity’sskyline.Itslargecentralplanetarium(天文馆)can’treallybemissedbyanyvisitortothecity.Constructionbeganin1977withtheworkscompletedbyOctoberof1980.ThetwomainexhibitionsforthemuseumaretheHalloftheCosmosandtheHallofSpaceExploration.Bothoftheseareinteractiveandaredesignedtoenablevisitorstolearnaboutspaceandspaceexplorationthroughaseriesofentertainingandeducationalexperiences.1.Whichmuseumhasthelongesthistory?A.TheOntarioScienceCentre. B.TheNaturalHistoryMuseum.C.TheAcademyofNaturalSciences. D.TheHongKongSpaceMuseum.2.WhatdoTheOntarioScienceCentreandTheHongKongSpaceMuseumhaveincommon?A.Theybothfocusmainlyonspaceexploration.B.Theyarebothpartofalong-establisheduniversity.C.Theyareboththeoldestmuseumsintheircountries.D.Theybothuseinteractiveexhibitstoeducatevisitors.3.Whatisthetextintendedtodo?A.Toadvertise. B.Topersuade.C.Tointroduce. D.Toentertain.BIfIhadbeenaskedafewyearsagohowIfeltaboutexercise,IwouldhavesaidthatwhileIhadagymmembershipcard,workingoutbasicallyconsistedofwalkingonthetreadmill(跑步机)forfifteenminutes,pretendingtoknowwhatIwasdoingwithafewofthemachinesandweightsforanotherfifteenminutes,andthenmakingmyescape.Thischangedwhenlifechallengesforcedmetoseekexerciseforstressrelief.Recognizingmyneedforaccountability,IjoinedagymrunbyAdria,whobecamebothmystricttrainerandfriend.Iexpectedthatbeingmyfriendmeantshe’dletmerelaxifIjustdidn’tfeellikeattendingaclass,butthatwasn’tthecase—noneofmyexcusesworkedonher.IfIdidn’tshowup,Iwouldgetatextasking,“Whatisyourworkoutplanforthisweek?”ShewouldnotletmeoutofthecommitmentImadenomatterhowmanytimesItried.Beforelong,Inoticedphysicalandemotionalimprovementsinmyself,andIbegantolookforwardtogoingtothegym.Oneday,Adriamentionedshewastiredfrommanaginghergymaloneandneededadayoff.Isympathized(同情)withherbutwasshockedwhenthenextthingoutofhermouthwas“Anna,Iwishyouwouldgetcertified(持证的)becauseyouaretheonlyoneI’dtrustwiththekeys”.Ishookmyhead,knowingthatwasimpossible.Me?Atrainer?However,Icouldn’tgetherwordsoutofmyhead.Weekslater,Isecretlysignedupforafitnessinstructorcourse.Eachtimecomplexcontentandself-doubtattemptedtopushmetogiveup,IwouldrecallAdria’stexts—Ichosetomakeacommitmentandfollowthrough.WhenIeventuallywalkedintoAdria’sgymformyworkasatrainerandsawmycertificationonthewall,Adriasaid,“I’msoproudofyou.”“Ishouldbeproudofhavingafriendlikeyou,”Iresponded.4.Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetowardsworkingoutafewyearsago?A.Passionate. B.Careless.C.Committed. D.Doubtful.5.WhydidtheauthorjoinAdria’sgym?A.Todealwithstress. B.Tomakenewfriends.C.Toloseweightfast. D.Tokeepphysicallyfit.6.Whatmadetheauthordecidetobecomeatrainer?A.Herstrongconfidence. B.Herloveforfitnesscourses.C.Adria’sencouragement. D.Herwishtomanageagym.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ASpecialGymOwner B.TheImportanceofExerciseC.MyDreamofBeingaTrainer D.AChangeinMyFitnessAttitudeCWorking52hoursormoreperweekmaychangethestructureofthebrain,researchsuggests.Expertsfoundthatbeing‌“overworked”mayaffectthosepartsofthebrainrelatedtoproblem-solvingandmemory,whilealsopossiblyaffectingmentalhealth.Thefindings,publishedinthejournalOccupationalAndEnvironmentalMedicine,lookedattheimpactofoverworkonspecificbrainregionsinhealthworkerswhoregularlyclockedupa52-hourweekormore.Researchersdrewondatafromalong-termstudylookingatworkerhealthandusedMRIscanstoexaminebrainstructure.Some110workerswereincludedinthefinalanalysis,mostofwhomwereclinicians.Ofthese,32workedexcessiveweeklyhours,while78workedstandardhours.Thoseputtinginlongworkinghourseveryweekweresignificantlyyounger,hadspentlesstimeinworkandweremorehighlyeducatedthanthoseclockingupstandardhours.Theresearchers,includingfromYonseiUniversityinSouthKorea,said:‌“Overworkedindividualsexhibitedsignificantchangesinbrainregionsrelatedtoexecutive(执行的)functionandemotionalmanagement.”Analysisshoweda19%increaseinleftcaudalmiddlefrontalgyrusvolumeintheoverworkedgroupcomparedwiththenon-overworkedgroup.Thispartofthebrainhasamajorroleinvariouscognitive(认知的)functions,particularlyinthefrontallobe(前额叶).Itisinvolvedinattention,workingmemory,andlanguage-relatedprocessing.Otherareasinvolvedinattention,planninganddecision-makingwerealsochangedaccordingtothescans,plusregionsinvolvedinemotionalprocessing,self-awarenessandunderstandingsocialcontext.Thesefindingsprovidenovelbrain-relatedevidencelinkingexcessiveworkinghourstostructuralbrainchanges,stressingtheneedforfurtherresearchtounderstandthelong-termcognitiveandemotionalimplicationsofoverwork.RuthWilkinson,headofpolicyandpublicaffairsattheInstitutionofOccupationalSafetyandHealth,said:‌“Theresultsunderlinetheimportanceofaddressingoverworkasahealthconcernandhighlighttheneedforworkplacepoliciesthatreduceexcessiveworkinghours.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword‌“excessive”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Highlypaid. B.Strictlymonitored.C.Fartoostressful. D.Morethannormal.9.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Methodsusedforbrainscanning. B.Emotionalproblemsinclinicians.C.Specificbrainchangesfromoverwork. D.Comparisonofdifferentagegroups.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudy?A.Cliniciansfacehigherbrainchangerisks.B.Shorterhoursmaypreventbrainchanges.C.Youngerworkerspreferlongworkinghours.D.Overworkmaycauselong-termcognitiveharm.11.WhatdoesRuthWilkinsonsuggestaboutoverwork?A.Itshouldbetakenseriously.B.Employersshouldpaymoreforit.C.Itshouldbeavoidedincertainjobs.D.Workersshouldmanagetoacceptit.DHunter-gathererslivingalongtheshoresoftheBayofBiscaymadehuntingtoolsfromthebonesofatleastfivedifferentwhalespecies20,000yearsago,theoldestevidenceofhumansworkingwithwhaleremains.Currentfindingssuggestthatancienthumansdidn’tregularlyusecoastalresourcesforfoodandrawmaterialsalongthebay,inthenorth-eastAtlanticOcean,untilabout19,000yearsago.Butwehavelimitedevidenceofhowearlyhumansusedmarine(海洋的)resourcesbecausethesealevelhasrisenbyaround120meterssincetheLatePalaeolithicinEurope,saysJean-MarcPétillonattheUniversityofToulouse-JeanJaurèsinFrance.Pétillonandhiscolleaguesanalysed83previouslyunearthedbonetoolsfrom26inlandcavesandrocksheltersinsouthwesternFranceandnorthernSpain.Thesetools,whichwereclassifiedaswhalebone,weremostlyprojectilepointsandspearshaftsusedforhunting.Theteamtooktinypartsfromeachbonetoanalysethechemicalmakeupofthecollagenproteins(胶原蛋白).Thisuncoveredthatonly71toolsweremadefromcetacean(鲸类)bones,ofwhich66weredefinitelywhales.Abouthalfoftheseweremadefromspermwhalebone,whiletheotherswerecarvedfromfin,grey,blueandrightorbowheadwhalebones.Theresearcherstookfurtherpartsfrom37oftheboneobjectstodeterminetheirage.Theoldestobjectwasdatedtoabout19,600to20,200yearsago.Pétillonwassurprisedthatthesetoolsweren’tevenlyspreadthroughtime,withmostbeingfrom16,000to17,500yearsago.“It’sakindoffashioneffect,”hesays.“Whatwehaveisafewobjectsinthebeginningandthenakindofboom(激增)andstop.”12.Whyisithardtofindearlyevidenceofmarineresourceusebyancienthumans?A.Earlyhumansavoidedthesea. B.Manysitesarenowunderwater.C.Whalebonesarehardtoidentify. D.Ancienttoolsweredestroyedinwars.13.Whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutthewhale-bonetools?A.Themajoritywerehuntingtools. B.Allwereidentifiedaswhaleremains.C.Mostwereusedforfishinginthesea. D.Halfweremadefrombluewhalebones.14.Whydidtheresearchersanalyzethecollagenproteinsinthebones?A.Tofindouttheageofthetools. B.Tostudyancienthumaneatinghabits.C.Toseeiftheboneswerestrongenough. D.Tocheckwhichwhalespecieswereused.15.Whatcanweinferfromthe“fashioneffect”mentionedbyPétillon?A.Ancienthumansstoppedhuntingwhalessuddenly.B.Theuseofwhaleboneschangedovertimequickly.C.Whalebonesbecamepopularduetotheirstrength.D.Earlyhumanstendedtofollowothersintool-making.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Adigitaldetoxisjustwhatitsoundslike:limitingyouraccessto,anduseof,certainscreen-basedactivities.Thegoalistoregaincontroloveryourtimeandattentionwhileimprovingyourmentalhealthandphysicalwell-being.Doingadigitaldetoxdoesn’tmeanyouneedtoquitcoldturkeyandcompletelydisconnectfromeverything.____16____Abetterstrategywouldbetocutbackgraduallyorlimitusebyareasonableamount.Isadigitaldetoxsoundinglikeagreatstepforyou?Here’showtogetstarted.●IdentifytheproblemyouwanttosolveTostartadigitaldetox,first,figureouttheissuesyou’refacing.Areyouconstantlyanxiousaboutmissingoutonsocialmediaupdates?DoesusingTikTokkeepyouupatnight?Areyoufailingtospendenoughqualitytimewithlovedones?Orareyoubeingunproductive?____17____Thentrytolinkthemtoyourscreentimeandthespecificappsordevicesthatmaybecausingthem.●DecideonagoalNext,setacleargoalforyourdigitaldetox.Whatdoyouaimtoachieve?Bespecific.Forexample,youmightwanttolimityourdailyphoneusetoonehourorreplaceTVtimewithgymworkouts.____18____Itcouldbeagoalforyouremotionalstate,behavior,relationships,orsomethingelse.●SelectatimeperiodChooseasuitabletimeperiodforyourdigitaldetox.Itcanbeshort-termorlong-term.Somepeoplefeeladifferenceinjustafewdays,whileothersmaychoosea30-daychallengeormore.____19____Forinstance,ifyou’resousedtobeingonline,yourdetoxmighttakelongerthanyouexpectedatfirst.●ReflectandrewardyourselfTokeepyourselfmotivatedduringthedetox,regularlyreflectonyourprogress.Useajournaloranapptotrackyourachievements.Onceyoureachasmallmilestone,giveyourselfasmallreward.Itcouldbeenjoyingyourfavoritesnackorlisteningtoyourfavoritemusic.____20____A.Thatisn’tveryrealistic.B.Writedownthesenegativefeelings.C.Itcanhelpyoufigureoutwhatwasgoingon.D.Youneedtosetyourselfsomelong-termgoals.E.Thismakestheprocessenjoyableandkeepsyougoing.F.Usetheproblemsyouidentifiedearliertoshapeyourgoal.G.Yourattachmenttodevicesandtheirroleinyourlifematter.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasinjuniorhighschool,Ihadastrongdesiretobethetopstudentinmyclass.I____21____lateintothenight,skippedbreaks,andevenmeals—justtogetahead.Ibelievedthatthehighestgradeswouldmakeme____22____.Iconstantlycomparedmyselftoothers,feeling____23____wheneversomeonescoredhigheronatestorwonanaward.Itreatedlifelikea(n)____24____,alwaystryingtooutruneveryoneelse.Oneday,I____25____throughaproject,focusingonlyonfinishingitquickly.Ididn't____26____thedetails.WhenIgotitback,Isaw____27____mistakeseverywhere.Ifelt____28____andfrustrated(沮丧的).ItwasthenthatIrealizedmyconstantrushingwasmakingme____29____theimportantthings.Thatmomentmademestopand____30____.Ibegantounderstandthatlifeisnotaboutbeingthefastestorgettingthemost.It'saboutdoingthingswelland____31____thejourney.Istartedtoslowdown.Itookmytimewithmystudies,makingsureItrulyunderstoodeach____32____.Ialsobegantoappreciatethesmallmoments—likelaughingwithfriendsorhavingdinnerwithmyfamily.Lifeisnotarace.It'sajourney.Wedon'thaveto____33____ourselvessohardallthetime.It'sokaytotakea____34____andenjoythemoment.Wedon'thavetocompareourselvestoothers.Everyonehastheirown____35____andtheirownpace.21.A.exercised B.studied C.wandered D.slept22.A.standout B.workout C.gooff D.setoff23.A.curious B.anxious C.energetic D.hesitant24.A.indication B.illustration C.competition D.celebration25.A.rushed B.looked C.talked D.went26.A.putupwith B.makeuseof C.giveupon D.payattentionto27.A.unusual B.intentional C.careless D.powerless28.A.scared B.disappointed C.grateful D.respectful29.A.settle B.tailor C.ignore D.reject30.A.reflect B.complain C.whisper D.protest31.A.enjoying B.avoiding C.completing D.postponing32.A.district B.option C.branch D.lesson33.A.feed B.push C.trust D.teach34.A.seat B.photo C.break D.risk35.A.stress B.belief C.talent D.path第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LiangshanYiAutonomousPrefecture,____36____isthelargestethnicYiminorityareainChina,islocatedatthejunctionoftheSichuanandYunnanprovinces.Regardingtheethniccultureofthisregion,theTorchFestivaloftheethnicYigroupisoneofthemostattractivecultural____37____(event)fortourists.TheTorchFestivalisYipeople’sgrandestfestival,andit____38____(fall)fromthe24thto27thofthesixthlunarmontheveryyear.ThoughtherearemanyversionsoftheoriginsoftheTorchFestival,itismostlyassociated____39____thenaturalworship(崇拜)offire.FireisthesymboloftheYipeople’s____40____(pursue)oflight,anditisbelievedtohavetheability____41____(drive)awayinsectsandpestsandprotectthegrowthofcrops.Onthefirstday,peoplesacrifice(献祭)animalstogreetthegodoffire.ThenextdayYipeoplesingpraisestothegodoffirewithmany____42____(tradition)activities,includingwrestling,bullfighting,andhorseracing.Theatmosphereofthefestivalisthehighestonthelastday.Drypinesticksareusedtomakethemaintorchsetatthecenterofthevillage,andvillagerswillsetup____43____smalltorchinfrontofeachhouse,sothewholevillageislitupatnight.Peopleholdsmalltorchesandmarchingroupsontheedgeofthevillage,mountains,andridges,andthengatheraroundthefire.____44____(accompany)bytheuniquesingingoftheYipeople,peoplesinganddancearoundthefire.OnMay20,2006,thefolkcustom____45____(list)bytheStateCouncilasoneofChina’sfirstnationalintangibleculturalheritageitems.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是国际学校学生李华，你校即将举办主题为“世界的节奏(RhythmoftheWorld)”的音乐节，请以主持人身份写一篇英文开幕词，内容包括：(1)欢迎致辞；(2)介绍主题的意义；(3)预告精彩节目。注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasthebeginningofthesummerterm.Everythingfeltthesame—sameteachers,sameclassmates,sameboringannouncements—exceptforonething.Therewasanewstudentinourclass.HernamewasAnna.Annawasquiet.Sheworebigroundglassesandalwayskeptherhairtiedbackinaponytail.Shedidn’ttalkmuch,andalwayssatinthelastseatbythewindow.Thatspothadbeenmineforthewholelastsemester.IloveditbecauseIcouldwatchthecloudswhenlessonsgotboring,andsometimeswritepoemsinmynotebookwithoutanyonenoticing.Now,Iwasstuckinthemiddlerow,betweentwonoisyboyswhoarguedaboutfootballandborrowedmype