湖南衡阳市某中学2026年高考适应性考试(二)练习英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南衡阳市某中学2026年高考适应性考试(二)英语练习卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.WhatwillBendoatlunchtime?A.Attendameeting.B.Playchess.C.Practicesinging.2.WhatdoesAlfielikeabouthisnewschool?A.Thelocation.B.Theschooltrips.C.Thedressingrule.3.Howdidthewomanlearntomakethechocolatecake?A.Fromacakeshop.B.Fromonlinevideos.C.Fromafamilymember’snotes.4.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Climbingatree.B.Appreciatinganartwork.C.Watchingbirdsinnature.5.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Askformoretime.B.Focusonthemaingoal.C.Double-checkallthedetails.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inapark.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inacinema.7.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?A.Trytorepairthestep.B.Putupawarningsign.C.Reportthebrokenequipment.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Exercisepartners.C.Neighbors.9.WhatchangedoesPaulnoticeinDebbie?A.Shelookstired.B.Shehaslostweight.C.Shedressesdifferently.10.WhattypeofexercisedoesPaulprobablyprefer?A.Swimming.B.Running.C.Weightlifting.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdidthemanthinkofhismuseumtripatfirst?A.Itwasworthexpecting.B.Itwasabitscary.C.Itwasboring.12.Whichpartdidthemanenjoymost?A.Thetouchtables.B.Thevirtualtour.C.Themovingdinosaurs.13.HowlongcanthemanusetheVRsystemperweekatschool?A.30minutes.B.60minutes.C.90minutes.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Lena’sstressfromwork.B.Lena’smarketingskills.C.Lena’svolunteerjob.15.WhatisLena’snewduty?A.Servingmeals.B.Sortingdonations.C.Organizingafund-raisingevent.16.HowdoesLenafeelabouthernewrole?A.Shefeelsexcitedandhonored.B.Shethinksit’stoochallenging.C.Shefindsithelpsherkilltime.17.WhatdoesAlanoffertodoforLena?A.Helppromotetheevent.B.Donatemoney.C.Volunteerregularly.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Wheredidthefirestart?A.Inacityhospital.B.Inachemicalfactory.C.Inapark.19.WhichemergencyservicedoesCaptainBurnhamworkfor?A.Thefireservice.B.Thepoliceservice.C.Theambulanceservice.20.Whatshouldpeoplelivingneartheparkdo?A.Helptheinjured.B.Leavetheirhomesatonce.C.Stayinsideandshutwindowsanddoors.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AUnderstandingChinarequiresexploringitsancientcapitals,thelifebloodofitscivilization.Thesecities,whereempiresroseandfellandculturesintertwined,shapedChina’senduringidentity.Xi’an:TheEternalCapitalXi’an,historicallyknownasChang’an,servedasthecapitalforthirteendynasties,includingtheQin,WesternHan,andTang.AstheeasternterminusoftheSilkRoad,Xi’anblossomedintooneoftheworld’sfirsttrulymetropolitancities.Itsafeguardstheworld-renownedTerracottaArmyandthewell-preservedMingDynastycitywall,earningXi’anthetitleofa“LivingHistoryMuseum.”Luoyang:TheSacredCenterLuoyang,alsohostingthirteendynasties,isreveredasthespiritualheartlandofChinesecivilization.ItflourishedasthecapitalduringtheEasternHanDynasty,theNorthernWeiDynasty,andnotablyunderEmpressWuZetian,China’sonlyfemaleemperor.ItsprofoundspiritualsignificanceiscarvedintotheLongmenGrottoes,aUNESCOWorldHeritagesite.TheWhiteHorseTemple,traditionallyrecognizedasChina’sfirstBuddhisttemple,marksthearrivalofBuddhismintoChineseculture.Nanjing:TheSouthernCapitalofResilienceNanjing,meaning“SouthernCapital,”servedastheseatofpowerfortendynasties,includingtheearlyMingandtheRepublicofChina.Itsstrategiclocationmadeitarecurringchoiceforestablishingregionaldominance.Thecity’shistoryisapoignantnarrativeofglory,destruction,andrebirth,embodyingthecyclicalpatternsofChinesehistory.LandmarkslikethegrandSunYat-senMausoleum,thecolossalMingDynastycitywall,andthesolemnmemorialstoitstragicpastcollectivelynarratethestoryofthisresilient“CityofMemories.”Beijing:TheImperialCapitalBeijing,thecapitaloftheYuan,Ming,andQingdynasties,hasservedasChina’spoliticalheartforover850years,aroleitcontinuestofulfilltoday.Itisthedefiniteimperialcity,hometotheworld’slargestandbest-preservedpalacecomplex,theForbiddenCity.ThemajesticlayoutsoftheTempleofHeavenandtheetherealbeautyoftheSummerPalace,alongsidetheimposingGreatWallnearby,reflecttheenduring“MandateofHeaven”philosophy.Evolvingfromanorthernfrontiertownintoasprawlingmetropolis,Beijingseamlesslyblendsancientimperialgrandeurwithvibrantmodernity.1.Whatdothefourancientcapitalsmentionedinthetexthaveincommon?A.TheyallservedascapitalsduringtheTangDynasty.B.TheyareallhometoUNESCOWorldHeritagesites.C.Theyallhavewell-preservedancientcitywalls.D.Theyallservedaspoliticalcentersformultipledynasties.2.WhatisspecialaboutNanjingaccordingtothetext?A.ItwasoncetheeasternstartingpointoftheSilkRoad.B.ItisknownasthespiritualheartlandofChinesecivilization.C.Itshistoryreflectsapatternofdestructionandreconstruction.D.Ithastheworld’slargestandbest-preservedpalacecomplex.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Apersonaltraveljournal. B.Ahistoricalresearchpaper.C.Aculturaltourismwebsite. D.Amoderncityplanningreport.【答案】1.D2.C3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国四大古都——西安、洛阳、南京、北京的历史地位、文化特色及其在中华文明发展中的独特意义。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Xi’an:TheEternalCapital部分“Xi’an,historicallyknownasChang’an,servedasthecapitalforthirteendynasties,includingtheQin,WesternHan,andTang.(西安，古称长安，曾为十三个朝代的都城，包括秦、西汉和唐朝。)”、Luoyang:TheSacredCenter部分“Luoyang,alsohostingthirteendynasties,isreveredasthespiritualheartlandofChinesecivilization.(洛阳同样曾为十三个朝代的都城，被尊崇为中华文明的精神腹地。)”、Nanjing:TheSouthernCapitalofResilience部分“Nanjing,meaning“SouthernCapital,”servedastheseatofpowerfortendynasties,includingtheearlyMingandtheRepublicofChina.(南京，意为“南方的都城”，曾为十个朝代的权力中心，包括明朝初期和中华民国。)”和Beijing:TheImperialCapital部分“Beijing,thecapitaloftheYuan,Ming,andQingdynasties,hasservedasChina’spoliticalheartforover850years,aroleitcontinuestofulfilltoday.(北京是元、明、清三朝的都城，作为中国的政治中心已有超过850年的历史，并且至今仍延续着这一角色。)”可知，它们的共同点是都曾作为多个朝代的都城，即政治中心。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Nanjing:TheSouthernCapitalofResilience部分“Thecity’shistoryisapoignantnarrativeofglory,destruction,andrebirth,embodyingthecyclicalpatternsofChinesehistory.(这座城市的历史是一部由荣耀、毁灭与重生构成的悲怆叙事，体现了中国历史治乱循环的规律。)”可知，南京这座城市的历史是一段关于荣耀、毁灭和重生的叙述。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“UnderstandingChinarequiresexploringitsancientcapitals,thelifebloodofitscivilization.Thesecities,whereempiresroseandfellandculturesintertwined,shapedChina’senduringidentity.(理解中国，需要探索其古代都城——这些文明的命脉所在。在这些城市里，王朝兴衰更迭，文化交融碰撞，共同塑造了中国绵延不绝的国家认同。)”可知，本文主要介绍了中国的四个历史古城，旨在向读者介绍这些文化遗址，故可推知文章来自文化旅游网站。故选C。BFabianMdluligrewupinAcornhoek,aruraltownthatbordersGreaterKrugerNationalPark.Thepark,hometolions,elephants,rhinos,andover147animalspecies,drawsnearlytwomillionvisitorsyearly.LikemanyyoungpeoplelivingnearoneofSouthAfrica’s1,690protectedareas,however,23-year-oldMdlulihadneverseenthecountry’swildlifeinperson.Lastyear,FabianMdlulibecamethefirstfullysponsoredstudentinaninitiativebyTooWildProductionstotrainSouthAfrica’snextgenerationofwildlifefilmmakers.Foundedbyzoologist-turnedTVpresenterLaurenArthurandfilmmakersDavidEastaugh,theprogramprovideshands-onexperienceinthewild.Duringthefour-weekcourseinTimbavatiPrivateNatureReserve(53,000hectares,westernKruger),studentsdeveloptechnicalskillswhilelearningethicalstorytellingtodrivepositivechange.Mdlulidescribesitastransformational.“Ithelpedmediscovermypassion—editing.It’sallaboutconstructingthestory.”WhileAfricaisaprimarysettingformanyinternationallyacclaimed(受到称赞的)wildlifefilms,Africanvoicesremainscantybehindthecamera.A2022reportrevealedthatwhile25%offilmawardsubmissionsfeaturedAfricanwildlife,only7%wereactuallymadeinAfricabyAfricans.ArecentUNESCOreportconfirmedthatthefilmandaudiovisualsectorinAfricageneratedjust20billion.Atthesametime,youthunemploymentstandsatmorethan65%inruralcommunitieswithintheGreaterKrugerarea,wherepovertyandunemploymentaredrivingfactorsbehindenvironmentalchallengessuchashuman-wildlifeconflict.“We’veseenthesechallengeswithourowneyesand,whilewedon’tthinkwecansolvetheseproblemsalone,wewanttoensurethosewholiveclosesttotheseecosystemshavethetools,knowledgeandopportunitytotelltheirownstories,”saysArthur.WhileMdlulihasjoinedTooWildasajunioreditor,he’seagertotakeonnewopportunitiesintheindustry.Arthursaysthey’llsupporthim,aswellastheircurrentsponsoredstudents,asmuchastheycan.“Ourbiggestgoalistohaveproductioncompaniescomingtousasking,‘Hey,whoareyourlocalfilmmakers?Wewanttohirethem,’”saysArthur.4.Whatcanweknowaboutyoungpeopleneartheprotectedareas?A.Theybenefitfromwildlifetourism. B.Theyallreceivefilmmakingtraining.C.Theycanvisitnationalparksregularly. D.Theyhavelittlecontactwithwildlife.5.WhatisthefeatureofTooWildProductions?A.Itoffersdegreecertificates. B.Itprovidespracticalfieldtraining.C.Itfocusesonstudioproduction. D.Itadmitsinternationalfilmmakers.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scanty”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Active. B.Weak. C.Confident. D.Unique.7.WhatisArthur’smainexpectationfortheinitiative?A.Tobuildalastinglocaltalentpool.B.Toproducepopularwildlifefilms.C.Toencourageyouthstoworkindependently.D.Toarouseyouths’interestinthefilmindustry.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了TooWildProductions这一组织通过提供野生动物电影制作培训，帮助南非保护地附近的年轻人接触野生动物，培养他们的电影制作技能，并期望建立本地人才库的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“LikemanyyoungpeoplelivingnearoneofSouthAfrica’s1,690protectedareas,however,23-year-oldMdlulihadneverseenthecountry’swildlifeinperson.(然而，和许多生活在南非1690个保护区之一的年轻人一样，23岁的Mdluli从未亲眼见过该国的野生动物)”可知，居住在保护区附近的年轻人很少接触到野生动物。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Lastyear,FabianMdlulibecamethefirstfullysponsoredstudentinaninitiativebyTooWildProductionstotrainSouthAfrica’snextgenerationofwildlifefilmmakers.Foundedbyzoologist-turnedTVpresenterLaurenArthurandfilmmakersDavidEastaugh,theprogramprovideshands-onexperienceinthewild.

(去年，法比安·姆德鲁利成为TooWildProductions公司一项人才培养计划中首位获得全额资助的学员。该项目由动物学家出身的电视主持人劳伦·阿瑟和电影制作人大卫·伊斯特夫共同创立，致力于培养南非下一代野生动物电影制作人，并提供野外实践机会)”可知，TooWildProductions的一个特点是提供野外实践机会，即实践性的实地培训。故选B项。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“WhileAfricaisaprimarysettingformanyinternationallyacclaimed(受到称赞的)

wildlifefilms,Africanvoicesremainscantybehindthecamera.(尽管非洲是许多国际知名野生动物电影的主要取景地，但在镜头背后，非洲人的声音仍然scanty)”和“A2022reportrevealedthatwhile25%offilmawardsubmissionsfeaturedAfricanwildlife,only7%wereactuallymadeinAfricabyAfricans.(2022年的一份报告显示，虽然有25%的电影奖项参赛作品以非洲野生动物为特色，但只有7%实际上是由非洲人在非洲制作的)”可知，虽然很多电影在非洲拍摄，但非洲电影人参与制作的比例很低。所以划线词“scanty”意为稀少的、微弱的，与B项“Weak”意思相近。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ourbiggestgoalistohaveproductioncompaniescomingtousasking,‘Hey,whoareyourlocalfilmmakers?Wewanttohirethem,’”saysArthur.(Arthur说：“我们最大的目标是让制作公司来找我们问，‘嘿，你们当地的电影制作人是谁?我们想雇用他们。’”)”可知，Arthur对该计划的主要期望是建立一个持久的人才库，让当地电影制作人能获得行业认可和就业机会，从而促进本地人才在行业中的可持续发展。故选A项。CMostofuswereraisedtothinkthatsmartpeoplealwaysknowtherightanswers.Fromgoldstarsinschooltoperformancereviewsintheoffice,we’rerewardedforcertainty.YetasBidhanParmar,professorattheUVADardenSchoolofBusiness,arguesinhisnewbook,RadicalDoubt,“Certaintysomehowblindsus.Theonlythingthatspoon-feedingteachesusistheshapeofaspoon”.Hispointisunsettling:Theveryhabitswerelyontofeelsmart—rushingtowardthefinalgoals,simplifyingcomplexproblems,sugar-coatingourinitialreactions—aretheonesthatkeepusfrommakingwisechoices.Thehardestproblemswefaceinlife,whetherincareers,relationships,orsociety,rarelycomewithsinglerightanswers.They’rewhatParmarcalls“momentsofunease”:multi-criteriachoicesthatinvolvecompetinggoals,highrisks,anddeepuncertainty.Theoldplaybookofbeinga“right-answergetter”notonlyfailshere,butbackfires.AsParmarexplains,“Weoftentreatcomplexproblemslikesimpleonesuntilwearefacedwiththereality.”Ourpersonalandprofessionalenvironmentsaremoreuncertainthanever.Technologyevolvesfasterthanregulation,workplacesaremorediverse,andsocialstandardsareshifting.I’vewatchedfirsthandthatseasonedleadersignorewarningsignsbecausetheywereaddictedto“feelingright.”Theysimplifiedthesituationwhentheyshouldhavepausedorexplored,andmissedtheopportunitythatdoubtwaspointingthemtoward.Ourbrainsrunoninterconnectedsystems:thePursuesystem(seekrewards),theProtectsystem(avoidthreats),andthePause-and-Piece-Togethersystem(engagedoubtandreframe).Priorevidence-basedstudiesreportthatmostofusletthefirsttwodominate,chargingaheadorwithdrawinginfear.Groundedinbehavioralscience,thewisermoveistotakeenoughtimetonoticecomplexity,questionassumptions,andtreatourintuition(直觉)notastheonlydecisionbutasanalternative.Inpractice,thismeansholdingcompetinggoalssidebyside,andlearningtosaynot“Iknow,”but“I’mlearning.”8.Whatisimpliedbymentioningthespoon-feeding?A.Certaintymightruindecision-making. B.Averagepeoplecanlearnfewfacts.C.Smarthabitssecurepositiveoutcomes. D.Simpletoolssecretlyboostcreativity.9.Whichmightbea“momentofunease”?A.Profitingfromstableinvestmentswithsparefunds.B.Tryingtofindajoboverseaswhenaparentfallsill.C.Treatingdifficultproblemswithone’sfirstintuition.D.Continuingtodevelopinone’sfamiliarresearchfield.10.Whatcanmakeleadersfailaccordingtotheauthor?A.Shiftingstandards. B.Lackingexperience.C.Ignoringprinciples. D.Overlookingdoubts.11.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Intuitiontypesandbrainfunctions. B.Initialdoubtsandcompetinggoals.C.Brainsystemsandconnectionforms. D.Scientifictheoriesandworkabletips.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。主要阐述了人们常被教导追求确定答案，但这会阻碍明智决策。复杂问题无唯一解，过度追求确定性易适得其反。应善用大脑的审慎系统，拥抱怀疑，以学习心态应对不确定性。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“YetasBidhanParmar,professorattheUVADardenSchoolofBusiness,arguesinhisnewbook,RadicalDoubt,“Certaintysomehowblindsus.Theonlythingthatspoon-feedingteachesusistheshapeofaspoon”.Hispointisunsettling:Theveryhabitswerelyontofeelsmart—rushingtowardthefinalgoals,simplifyingcomplexproblems,sugar-coatingourinitialreactions—aretheonesthatkeepusfrommakingwisechoices.(然而，正如弗吉尼亚大学达顿商学院的布迪安·帕尔马尔教授在其新书《激进的怀疑》中所指出的那样：“确定性会让我们变得盲目。一味地灌输所教会我们的，不过是勺子的形状而已”。他的观点令人不安：我们赖以自认为聪明的那些习惯——急于追求最终目标、简化复杂问题、美化最初的反应——恰恰是那些阻碍我们做出明智选择的习惯)”可知，提到“填鸭式教育”所隐含的意思是过分的确定性可能会破坏决策过程。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“They’rewhatParmarcalls“momentsofunease”:multi-criteriachoicesthatinvolvecompetinggoals,highrisks,anddeepuncertainty.(这就是帕尔玛所说的“不安时刻”：这类决策涉及多重标准，包含相互冲突的目标、巨大的风险以及极大的不确定性)”可知，“不安时刻”涉及多重标准，包含相互冲突的目标、巨大的风险以及极大的不确定性。B选项“当父母生病时，却试图去国外找工作”符合“不安时刻”的描述。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“I’vewatchedfirsthandthatseasonedleadersignorewarningsignsbecausetheywereaddictedto“feelingright.”Theysimplifiedthesituationwhentheyshouldhavepausedorexplored,andmissedtheopportunitythatdoubtwaspointingthemtoward.(我亲眼目睹过一些经验丰富的领导者会忽视那些警示信号，因为他们过于执着于“感觉是对的”这种想法。他们本应停下来或深入探究，却选择了简化问题，从而错失了那些由怀疑所指向的机遇)”可知，导致领导者失败的原因是忽视疑虑。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Ourbrainsrunoninterconnectedsystems:thePursuesystem(seekrewards),theProtectsystem(avoidthreats),andthePause-and-Piece-Togethersystem(engagedoubtandreframe).Priorevidence-basedstudiesreportthatmostofusletthefirsttwodominate,chargingaheadorwithdrawinginfear.Groundedinbehavioralscience,thewisermoveistotakeenoughtimetonoticecomplexity,questionassumptions,andtreatourintuition(直觉)notastheonlydecisionbutasanalternative.Inpractice,thismeansholdingcompetinggoalssidebyside,andlearningtosaynot“Iknow,”but“I’mlearning.”(我们的大脑由相互关联的系统构成：追求系统（寻求奖励）、保护系统（避免威胁）以及暂停并整合系统（质疑并重新审视）。以往基于实证的研究表明，我们大多数人往往让前两个系统占据主导地位，要么勇往直前，要么因恐惧而退缩。从行为科学的角度来看，更明智的做法是花足够的时间去留意复杂性、质疑假设，并将我们的直觉（直觉）视为一种可供选择的决策方式，而非唯一的决定依据。实际上，这意味着要同时兼顾相互冲突的目标，并学会说“我正在学习”，而非“我知道”)”可知，最后一段主要谈论了科学理论与实用建议。故选D。DWeexpectourdoctorstobedemigods—faultless,tireless,alwaysright.Buttheyareonlyhuman.Increasingly,theyarestretchedthin,workinglonghours,underenormouspressure,andoftenwithlimitedresources.Ofcourse,betterconditionswouldhelp,includingmorestaffandimprovedsystems.Buteveninthebestfundedclinicswiththemostcommittedprofessionals,standardscanstillfallshort.Despiteyearsoftraining,humanbrainsarenotoptimallyequippedforthepace,pressure,andcomplexityofmodernhealthcare.Giventhatpatientcareismedicine’scorepurpose,thequestioniswho,orwhat,isbestplacedtodeliverit?AImaystillraisedoubts,butresearchincreasinglyshowshowitcouldhelpfixsomeofthemostpersistentproblemsandoverlookedfailures—frommisdiagnosisanderrortounequalaccesstocare.Modernmedicinepridesitselfonbeingscientific,yetdoctorsdon’talwayspractisewhattheevidencerecommends.Studiesshowthatevidence-basedtreatmentsareofferedonlyabouthalfthetimetoadultsintheUS.Doctorscanalsodisagreeaboutdiagnoses.Inastudyofmorethan12,000radiologyimages,reviewersofferingsecondopinionsdisagreedwiththeoriginalassessmentinaboutoneinthreecases.Asalarmingasthisis,thereareunderstandablereasonsforthesefailures—andviewedfromanotherangle,it’sremarkablethatdoctorsgetitrightasoftenastheydo.Medicalknowledgealsomovesfasterthandoctorscankeepup.Bygraduation,halfofwhatmedicalstudentslearnisalreadyoutdated.Ittakesanaverageof17yearsforresearchtoreachclinicalpractice,andwithanewbiomedicalarticlepublishedevery39seconds,evenskimmingtheabstractswouldtakeabout22hoursaday.Therearemorethan7,000rarediseases,with250moreidentifiedeachyear.Incontrast,AIprocessesvastamountsofmedicaldataatlightningspeed,24/7.Wheredoctorsvaryinunwantedways,AIisconsistent.AI’ssuperpowerisspottingpatternshumansmiss,andthesetoolsaresurprisinglygoodatrecognisingrarediseases.Patientsareincreasinglyrecognisingthesebenefits.Thenthere’stheproblemofaccess.Thosemostinneed—thesickest,poorestandmostmarginalisedinsociety—aretheonesmostlikelytobeleftbehind.AmericanTimeUseSurveydatashowspatientssacrificetwohoursfora20-minutedoctor’svisit.Thiswillonlyworkforthosewhocanuseit,ofcourse.Internetaccessisimprovingglobally,buttherearestillseriousgaps:2.5billionpeopleremainoffline.12.Whydoestheauthorbeginbydescribingdoctorsas“demigods”?A.Tostresstheunrealisticexpectationspeoplehaveofdoctors.B.Toshowthatdoctorsareusuallytrainedtobeperfect.C.Tocriticizemedicalschoolsforpoortraining.D.Tohighlightdoctors’highersocialstatus.13.Whatproblemdoestheauthorhighlightwithcurrentmedicalpractice?A.Mostdoctorsdonotbelieveinscientificmethods.B.Doctorsusuallymisinterpretbiomedicalresearcharticles.C.Doctorsoftenfailtoapplyevidence-basedtreatmentsconsistently.D.Medicalstudentsareunwillingtolearnupdatedmedicalknowledge.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAI’sroleinhealthcare?A.AIisespeciallyusefulfordetectingcommondiseases.B.AIcouldcompletelyreplacedoctorsinmedicalservices.C.AIhasalreadysolvedtheproblemofglobalinternetaccess.D.AImayreduceinconsistencyindiagnosisandimproveaccess.15.Whatistheauthormostlikelytodiscussinthefollowingparagraph?A.Thehistoryofartificialintelligenceinmedicine.B.MoreexamplesofpatientsrejectingAItechnology.C.EvidencethatAIislessaccuratethanhumandoctors.D.SolutionstothedigitaldividethatlimitsAIhealthcare.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了人们对医生期望过高，而医生受压力、知识更新快等限制易出错。AI可快速处理数据、提高诊断准确性与一致性，改善医疗可及性，但仍面临数字鸿沟等问题。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Weexpectourdoctorstobedemigods—faultless,tireless,alwaysright.Buttheyareonlyhuman.(我们期望医生们能成为半神一般的存在——完美无缺、不知疲倦、永远正确。但他们毕竟也只是凡人。)”可知，作者一开始就将医生描述为“半神”是为了以此强调人们对医生的不切实际的期望。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Modernmedicinepridesitselfonbeingscientific,yetdoctorsdon’talwayspractisewhattheevidencerecommends.Studiesshowthatevidence-basedtreatmentsareofferedonlyabouthalfthetimetoadultsintheUS.(现代医学自诩具有科学性，但医生们却并非总是遵循证据所推荐的做法。研究表明，在美国，基于证据的治疗方案仅被用于大约一半的情况下。)”可知，作者指出当前医疗实践中，医生们常常未能一贯地采用基于证据的治疗方法。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wheredoctorsvaryinunwantedways,AIisconsistent.AI’ssuperpowerisspottingpatternshumansmiss,andthesetoolsaresurprisinglygoodatrecognisingrarediseases.Patientsareincreasinglyrecognisingthesebenefits.Thenthere’stheproblemofaccess.Thosemostinneed—thesickest,poorestandmostmarginalisedinsociety—aretheonesmostlikelytobeleftbehind.AmericanTimeUseSurveydatashowspatientssacrificetwohoursfora20-minutedoctor’svisit.(尽管医生们在某些方面存在差异，但人工智能却表现得十分一致。人工智能的强项在于能够发现人类所忽略的模式，而且这些工具在识别罕见疾病方面表现得非常出色。患者们也越来越多地意识到了这些好处。然而，还有一个问题是可及性问题。那些最需要帮助的人——那些身体最虚弱、经济状况最差以及社会地位最边缘化的人——往往是最容易被遗忘的群体。美国时间使用调查的数据表明，病人为了短短20分钟的看诊，会牺牲掉两个小时的时间。)”可知，人工智能或许能够减少诊断的不一致性，并改善医疗服务的可及性。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thiswillonlyworkforthosewhocanuseit,ofcourse.Internetaccessisimprovingglobally,buttherearestillseriousgaps:2.5billionpeopleremainoffline.(当然，这仅适用于那些能够使用互联网的人群。全球范围内互联网接入情况正在改善，但仍存在严重的差距：仍有25亿人无法上网。)”可知，作者在接下来的段落中最有可能讨论解决数字鸿沟问题的方法，该问题限制了人工智能在医疗领域的应用。故选D。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Economistshaveanameforwhatyoumustgiveupwhileyouwait.Wecallthisyouropportunitycost.Forexample,youarealwaysqueuingalongtimeforaconcertticket.____16____TheadviceyoucanfindontheinternetforbeatingthelinesattheSistineChapelofteninvolvesgoingearly,perhapsbeforethemuseumopens,tosecureaspottowardthefrontoftheline.____17____IfIarriveanhourbeforeticketsgoonsaletobefirstinline,butthewaitwouldbeonlyfortyminuteslongifIarrivedwhenthemuseumopened,Iendupwaitinglonger,notless.Whetherarrivingearlyshortensmywaitdependsonwhenotherschoosetoarrive,andifalltouristsfollowthesameinternetadviceandarriveanhourearly,thelinesatopeningmaybethelongestoftheday.Itishardtopredictwhenthewaitwillactuallybetheshortest.____18____Ratherthangoingwhenyouthinkthelinesmightbetheshortest,youcangowhenyouropportunitycostisthesmallest-forexample,whenyouhavenothing(orlittle)bettertodo.____19____Sometimes,itincreasesthetotalamountoftimeyouwait,though.Byarrivingbeforeopening,yougetyourwaitingoutofthewaywhenotheractivitiesarenotyetopen.Sure,youmightgiveupanhourofsleeporthechancetohavealeisurelybreakfast.Thisisworthwhileiftheplannedactivitiesholdgreatervalueforyou.____20____Ifyou’refirstinlineatthemuseum,youcanseethechapelandstillenjoyapackeddayvisitingothersitesinRome.A.Onlythenisqueuingupearlyagoodchoice.B.Sightseeingjoyoutweighsbreakfastcomforteasily.C.Buttheeconomistinmeisnotsureaboutthisadvice.D.Thisiswhyyouarebetteroffconsideringopportunitycost.E.Opportunitycostawarenessimprovespersonalsatisfactionlater.F.Thinkingaboutopportunitycostcanmakearrivinganhourearlyseemsensible.G.Youropportunitycostistheenjoyment,work,orwagesyougiveupbywaiting.【答案】16.G17.C18.D19.F20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了经济学中“机会成本”的概念，并通过排队等待的例子说明如何根据机会成本来做出更合理的决策，以最小化等待的总时间。【16题详析】根据上文“Economistshaveanameforwhatyoumustgiveupwhileyouwait.Wecallthisyouropportunitycost.Forexample,youarealwaysqueuingalongtimeforaconcertticket.(经济学家对你在等待时必须放弃的东西有一个名称。我们称之为机会成本。例如，你总是要排很长时间的队才能买到音乐会门票。)”可知，前文先定义了机会成本，再用排队买票举例，空处需要具体解释这个例子里的机会成本是什么。G选项(你的机会成本就是你因等待而放弃的乐趣、工作或薪水)承接上文的例子，具体阐释机会成本的内涵，符合语境。故选G项。【17题详析】根据上文“TheadviceyoucanfindontheinternetforbeatingthelinesattheSistineChapelofteninvolvesgoingearly,perhapsbeforethemuseumopens,tosecureaspottowardthefrontoftheline.(网上关于如何在西斯廷教堂避免排长队的建议通常是早点去，或许在博物馆开门前就去，以确保排在队伍前面。)”以及下文“IfIarriveanhourbeforeticketsgoonsaletobefirstinline,butthewaitwouldbeonlyfortyminuteslongifIarrivedwhenthemuseumopened,Iendupwaitinglonger,notless.(如果我在售票前一小时到达以排在第一位，但如果我在博物馆开门时到达，只需要等四十分钟，那我最终等待的时间反而更长了。)”可知，空处需要表达对网上这条建议的质疑。C选项(但我骨子里的经济学家思维让我对这条建议存疑)承接上文的建议，引出下文对该建议不合理性的分析，符合语境。故选C项。【18题详析】根据上文“Itishardtopredictwhenthewaitwillactuallybetheshortest.(很难预测什么时候排队的时间真的最短。)”以及下文“Ratherthangoingwhenyouthinkthelinesmightbetheshortest,youcangowhenyouropportunitycostisthesmallest-forexample,whenyouhavenothing(orlittle)bettertodo.(与其在你认为队伍最短的时候去，不如在你的机会成本最小的时候去，例如，当你没有（或很少有）更好的事情要做的时候。)”可知，空处需要引出“考虑机会成本”这个解决办法。D选项(这就是为什么你最好考虑机会成本)承接上文“难以预测排队最短时间”的问题，引出下文的解决策略，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详析】根据下文“Sometimes,itincreasesthetotalamountoftimeyouwait,though.(不过，有时这会增加你等待的总时长。)”可知，空处内容与下文构成转折关系，应该先说明考虑机会成本的好处。F选项(考虑机会成本会让提前一小时到达的做法显得合理)先肯定考虑机会成本的积极作用，再用下文的“though”转折，指出其可能存在的问题，符合语境。故选F项。【20题详析】根据上文“Thisisworthwhileiftheplannedactivitiesholdgreatervalueforyou.(如果计划的活动对你来说有更大的价值，那么这就是值得的。)”以及下文“Ifyou’refirstinlineatthemuseum,youcanseethechapelandstillenjoyapackeddayvisitingothersitesinRome.(如果