湖南省怀化市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省怀化市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourTreasuresoftheStudyBrushesThebrush,madefromanimalhair,isthetoolbringinglifetothepaper.Fromdelicatelinestoboldbrushstrokes,thebrushisthemediumthroughwhichtheartist’semotionsandtechniquesflowontothepaper,creatingelegantworksofart.Themostfamousbrush,the“HuzhouBrush”,isproducedinHuzhou,ZhejiangProvince.InkTraditionalChineseinkcomesinsolidsticks.Toproduceliquidink,onegrinds(磨)theinkstickagainstaninkstonewithwater.TheactofgrindingsymbolizespatienceanddedicationhighlyvaluedinChineseculture.High-qualityink,originallyblackbutnowavailableinvariouscolors,ismostfamouslyproducedinHuizhou,AnhuiProvince.PaperChinesepaper,especiallytheancientricepaper,madefromsandalwoodbarkandricestraw,absorbsinksmoothlywithoutbleeding.Thepaperservesasacanvasfornotonlyartisticeffortsbutalsodocumentation,makingitavitalcomponentinthepreservationofhistoryandculture.“XuanPaper”,thebestpaperforwriting,ismadeinXuanzhou,AnhuiProvince.InkstonesInkstones,usedforgrindingink,wereoriginallysimplepotterytools.Later,theybecameartisticobjectscarvedfromstonethatreflectthetasteandstatusoftheirowners.Thechoiceofinkstoneiscrucialasitcanaffectthequalityandtextureoftheink,furtherenhancingtheartisticexpressionincalligraphyandpainting.Themostfamousinkstone,“DuanInkstone”,isproducedinZhaoqing,GuangdongProvince.Withthesetreasures,Chinesepeoplecreateduniquestylesofcalligraphyandpainting,establishingadistinctiveexpressionsystem.Today,theycontinuetoinspireartistsworldwide,bridgingtraditionandmodernity.1.WhyisgrindinginkconsideredmeaningfulinChineseculture?A.Becauseitisadifficultprocess. B.Becauseitproducesinkinvariouscolors.C.Becauseitrequiresahigh-qualityinkstone. D.BecauseitreflectsvaluedmoralsinChina.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheFourTreasuresoftheStudy?A.Thebrushismadefrombark. B.InkisonlyproducedinHuizhou.C.“XuanPaper”isthebestpaperforwriting. D.Inkstoneswereoriginallycarvedobjects.3.Whichcolumninapapermightthepassagecomefrom?A.Technology. B.Travel. C.Lifestyle. D.Culture.BWhenYuanLongpingwasyoung,hewitnessedtheroughrealityoffarmersfrequentlysufferingfrompoorharvestsandevenfacingseverefoodshortages.Drivenbyastrongsenseofresponsibilitytoaddressthispressingissue,hemadethedecisiontostudyagricultureandreceivedhiseducationatSouthwestAgriculturalCollege.Aftergraduationin1953,YuantookontheroleofateacheratAnjiangAgriculturalSchool.Herealizedmerelyexpandingtheareaoffarmlandwasnottheanswertoincreasingfoodproduction.Instead,thekeylayinimprovingtheoutputoftheexistingfarmland.Thequestionofhowtoachievethiswasahardchallengeatthetime.Yuanfirmlybelievedthathybridriceheldthekeytosolvingthisproblem.Ahybridistheresultofcrossingtwoormorevarietiesofaspecies,andoneofitsnotablecharacteristicsisthatitoftenhashigherproductionthantraditionalcrops.Buttheideaofdevelopingahybridofself-pollinating(自我传粉)plantslikericewashighlydebatable.Thecommonbeliefthenwasthatitwasanimpossibletask.Nevertheless,Yuanwasfearless.Throughhisfirmdeterminationandpainstakingefforts,heovercameaseriesoftechnicaldifficultiesandsuccessfullydevelopedthefirsthybridricethatcouldbeusedforlarge-scalefarming.Thisachievementwasaturningpoint,asitnotonlysolvedthefoodprobleminChinabutalsobroughthopetopeoplearoundtheworldsufferingfromhunger,enablingfarmerstosignificantlyincreasetheirriceoutput.Today,itisestimatedthatapproximately60percentofthericeconsumedinChinacomesfromYuan’shybridrice.HisinnovationhasnotonlyensuredfoodsecurityinChinabutalsohasafar-reachingimpactglobally.Manycountries,suchasIndiaandVietnam,whichrelyheavilyonriceasmainfood,havealsobenefitedfromhishybridricetechnology.YuanLongping’sstoryshowsusthepowerofperseverance,whichservesasaninspirationforpeoplethroughouttheworld.4.WhatwasYuanLongping’skeysolutiontoincreasingfoodproduction?A.Developinghybridrice. B.Importingricefromothercountries.C.Expandingfarmlandarea. D.Teachingbetterfarmingtechniques.5.Whatcanbeconcludedaboutthedevelopmentofhybridrice?A.It’saneasytasktodeveloptherice. B.It’swidelyacceptedfromthestart.C.Itrequiresgreatdeterminationandefforts. D.IthasanimpactonfoodproductiononlyinChina.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeYuanLongpingaccordingtothepassage?A.Ambitiousandhonest. B.Sociableandbrave.C.Determinedandselfless. D.Cautiousandenergetic.7.Whatdoesthispassageconvey?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.It’snevertoooldtolearn.C.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest. D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.CAlmosteverythingwedowith,orsimplynearto,aconnecteddeviceproducessomesmallbitofinformation—aboutwhoweare,aboutthedevicewe’reusingandtheotherdevicesnearby,aboutwhatwedidandwhenandhowandforhowlong.Sometimesdoingnothingatall—merelystayingonawebpage—isrecordedasarelevantpieceofinformation.Ourdataareeverywherebecauseourdataareuseful,mostlytomakepeoplemoney.Whensomeoneopensuptheirphone’sbrowserandclicksonalink,awholehiddeneconomykicksintoaction.Youbrowseawebsiteforfree,ifyouallowustotrackyourdataandtargetyouwithpersonalizedads.Ifyoudon’t,youquit.There’sacommonwaytounderstandInternetbusinessmodels:“Ifyou’regettingitforfree,youaretheproduct.”Whatthatmeansinpracticeisthatwebsitesgiveawaytheircontentforfreeandinreturnyoufeedthemwithyourpersonaldata.Networktrackersgettheirinformationandfeedittodifferentmarketersandcompanies,whichcombineitwithinformationgatheredfromotherpeopleandothersitesanduseittoclassifyusinto“interesttypes”.Themoredataaregathered,theeasieritistopredictwhoweare,whatwelike,wherewelive,whomwemightvotefor,howmuchmoneywemighthave,andwhatwemightliketobuywithit.Oncecollected,ourinformationricochetsaroundacomplexad-techecosystem—springingrapidlybetweencomputers,automatedprocesses,andadcompanieslikeapinball(弹球游戏)inamachinemadeupofthousandsofcompaniesthatoffertoanalyzeitanddeliverhighlytargetedadsbasedonit.Clicking“Agree”onanapp’stermsofservicemightmean,intheeyesofanexploitative(剥削性强的)—company,thattheappwillnotonlytaketheinformationyou’regivingupbutwillsellitto,orshareitwith,othercompanies.Theonlycertaintyisthatonceourinformationisoutthere,we’renotgettingitback.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Preventingdatatrackinglimitsonlineaccess. B.Usershavefullcontrolovertheirpersonaldata.C.Inactivevisitsproduceuselessinformation. D.Datatrackingaimstoprovidefreeservices.9.Whydowebsitesgiveawaytheircontentforfreeaccordingtothepassage?A.TopromotetheInternet. B.Tocollectuserspersonaldata.C.Tohelpuserssavemoney. D.Toprovidebetterservicetousers.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ricochets”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Leavesslowly. B.Movesquicklyandunpredictably.C.Hidessecurely. D.Disappearssuddenlyandcompletely.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsdatacollection?A.Optimistic. B.Indifferent. C.Critical. D.Supportive.DBEIJING—China’sindependently-developedAG600largeamphibious(水陆两用的)aircrafthasenteredanewstageoflow-rateinitialmassproductionandfinalassembly(装配),accordingtotheAviationIndustryCorporationofChina（AVIC）onTuesday.ThelargepartoftheaircraftnoseforthefirstbatchproducedAG600airplanewasdeliveredonJune30,saidtheAVIC,thecountry’sleadingaircraftproducer.ThemovemarkedatransitionofthetypeofAG600aircraftfromthestageofdevelopmenttomassproduction,thedeveloperadded.AccordingtotheAVIC,productionfortheaircraftnoselastedforaboutthreemonths.TheCentralandSouthernRegionalAdministrationofAVIChascarriedouttheinspectionfortheproducingofthislargepart.Followingthis,thefinalassemblyofthisAG600aircraftwillbecarriedoutbyAVICGeneralHuananAircraftIndustryCoLtdinZhuhai,SouthChina’sGuangdongprovince.AftertheAG600aircraftobtainsthetypecertificate,itwillthenbedeliveredtothecustomer,accordingtothedeveloper.Avastcountrywithcomplexlandforms,Chinahasbeenstrengtheningitscapabilitiesintheairemergencyrescuesectorallthetime.China’s14thFive-Year/Plan(2021-25)hasproposedtheimprovementofthenationalemergencymanagementsystembystrengtheningandenhancingairrescuesystemoptionsandcapabilities.TheAG600largeamphibiousaircraftfamilyisbeingdevelopedasvitaladvancedaeronautical(航空的)equipmenttostrengthenthecountry’semergency-rescuecapabilities,accordingtothedeveloper.Thisaircraftfamilyisoriginallydesignedtocarryoutrescuemissionssuchasfirefighting,andmaritimesearchandrescueinalltypesoflandacrossthecountry.TheAG600seriesamphibiousaircraftfeaturesauniquefacilityconsistingofanintegratedaircraft-shapedupperbodyandaship-bottom-shapedlowerbody.AccordingtoAVIC,theAG600aircraftfamilyisbeingdevelopedwithafocusonamphibiouscapability,flexibilityacrossmultiplemodels,andserializeddevelopment.Thislargeamphibiousairportcanbeinstalledwithequipmentandfacilitiestomeetvarieddemandsfromusersinfieldssuchasmarineenvironmentmonitoring,resourcedetection,passengerandcargotransportation,andmore,thedevelopersaid.12.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toserveastheleadsummarizingthenews. B.Toprovidebackgroundonmassproduction.C.TodetailAG600largeamphibiousaircraft. D.ToexplainthepurposeanddesignofAG600.13.WherewillthefinalassemblyofthisAG600aircraftbecarriedout?A.InBeijing. B.InZhuhai,Guangdong.C.InAVIC. D.Inthecustomer’scorporation.14.WhatistheprimarypurposeoftheAG600aircraftaccordingtothepassage?A.Todoairresearch. B.Toperformrescuemissions.C.Totakemilitaryaction. D.Tomonitorcommercialpassengers.15.Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?A.AVICandtheAG600. B.China’s14thFive-YearPlan.C.TheAG600’sUniqueDesign. D.AG600:EnteringaNewStage.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beingtruetoyourselfisverycrucialinlife.It’svitaltoknowwhoyouare,whatyoutrust,andwhatmakesyouhappy.___16___.Itextendstoanimportantpartofoursociallives:enablingotherstobethemselvesandacceptingthemforwhotheyare。___17___Wemayattempttocontroltheiractionsorinfluencetheirwayofthinking.However,thisonlycreatesconflictandcanharmrelationships.Instead,weshouldfocusonacceptingothersastheyareandallowingthemtoexpressthemselvesfreely.___18___Itimpliesweshouldrespecttheirindividualityandvaluetheiruniqueviewpoints.Likewise,weshouldalsostruggletobetruetoourselvesandnotletothersdirectouractionsorbeliefs.It’salltooeasytogettrappedintryingtopleaseeveryone.Butindoingso,werisklosingtouchwithourowntrueselves.___19___Beingtruetooneselfandallowingotherstobethemselvesisn’talwayseasy.However,itisakeyaspectofbuildinghealthyrelationshipsandpersonalwell-being.___20___Itdemandsself-awareness,empathy,andawillingnesstoacceptothersunconditionally.Inconclusion,thekeytohappinessandhealthyrelationshipsistoletyourselfbeyourselfandothersthemselves.Byembracingindividualityandrespectingdiversity,wecancreateamoreharmoniousandinclusiveworld.A.Wemightlosesightofourownvaluesanddesires.B.However,thisdoesn’tstopatjustbeingtruetoyourself.C.Itisessentialforleadingafulfillingandmeaningfullife.D.Weneedn’tunderstandtheirbackgroundandexperiences.E.Thisdoesn’tmeanwehavetoagreewitheverythingtheysay.F.Thatiswhypeoplehavedifferentwaysofthinkingandbehaving.G.Manyofusaretryingtoreshapeotherstomeetourownexpectations.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasayoungandeagerathletefullofdreamsbutalsotendedtomakemistakes.Oneday,atthestartlineofa____21____trackand-fieldcompetition.Itrulydeterminedtogiveanoutstanding____22____thatwouldmakeeveryoneproud.____23____,duetomyover-enthusiasmandnervousness,ImadeaseriouserrorinthewayIgotreadytostart.Mycoach,filledwithanger,____24____meseverely.Thisimmediatelyledtoa____25____betweenus.Ifeltdeeplyhurtbyhisharshwords.Iatthattimethoughthewasabsolutelywronganddidn’t____26____meatall.Iwasintheblues.Tome,hewasjustlikea____27____.Inomoretrustedhim.Withtimegoingby,I____28____.Igraduallybecameawareofmyimmaturity.Irealizedhisstrongreactionwasoutofhis____29____senseofresponsibilityformygrowthasanathlete.Fullyawareofmymistake,I____30____tofaceitbravely,listeningtomycoachandperfectingeverydetail.Imadeall____31____toremovethenegativethoughtsthatcloudedmymindandstartedtrainingevenharder.Withwisdomfromthisexperience,Igradually____32____myskillsandmindset.Inthenextcompetition,Ifinally____33____myrealpotential.AsIcrossedthefinishline,Iknewthatthisincidenthadbeena____34____turningpointinmygrowthasanathlete,teachingmeinvaluablelessonsaboutlearningfrom____35____andhandlingconflictsinthepursuitofmysportsdreams.21.A.difficult B.crucial C.relaxing D.tiresome22.A.lecture B.jump C.performance D.comment23.A.Meanwhile B.However C.Therefore D.Besides24.A.persuaded B.trained C.criticized D.limited25.A.conflict B.secret C.fight D.story26.A.welcome B.accept C.refuse D.mind27.A.stranger B.coach C.neighbor D.classmate28.A.cutin B.burstout C.lookedup D.cooleddown29.A.deep-rooted B.hard-won C.short-lived D.heart-broken30.A.signaled B.begged C.decided D.wished31.A.excuses B.efforts C.arrangements D.preparations32.A.hid B.forgot C.improved D.remembered33.A.quit B.revealed C.understood D.lost34.A.significant B.meaningless C.dangerous D.moving35.A.friends B.books C.parents D.mistakes第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheInternethasbecomeanimportantpartinourlives.Ithasthepowertoconnectpeopleindifferent___36___(part)oftheworldtoasinglesharedcommunity.Wecanachievealmostanythingonline—withaccess___37___theInternetcomesometrulylife-changingadvantages.OneofthegreatestadvantagesoftheInternet___38___(lie)inthequickandeasyavailabilityofahugeamountofinformation.Withtheclickofamouse___39___thetouchofabutton,wearelikelytofindoutalmostanythingwecaretoknow.TheInternethasalsomadeourlives___40___(unbelievable)convenient.Youcanhavefood___41___(deliver)toyouusingfooddeliveryappsandsites.Aboveallelse,theInternethelpsusestablishandmaintainsocialties.Aninstantmessage,agroupchat,avideocall,acommenton___42___update—thereareendlesswaystoshareourviewsorletsomeoneknowwecareaboutthem.WhiletheInternetbringsmanyvaluableadvantages,itraisesallsortsofquestions.When___43___(surf)theInternet,howcanweprotectourselves?HowcanweusetheInternetproperlyandresponsibly?Wemustbeawareoftheseproblemsandbecarefulaboutwhether___44___(trust)thesite.Whenusedsafely,theInternetcanbeaplaceofdiscovery,wonderand____45____(inspire)foreveryone.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假设你是李华，上周你校举办了科技嘉年华（ScienceandTechnologyCarnival）活动。请你用英语写一篇稿件报道此次活动。内容包括：1.活动目的；2.活动内容；3.活动反响。注意：写作词数应为80左右。TheScienceandTechnologyCarnivalinourschool____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语，续写两段使之构成一篇完整的短文。Anotherwildlybrightlightningalongwithathundercrackedinthesky!MaryswiftlythrewherselfintoherMum’sarms,buryingherfaceintoherchestandtremblingwithfright.“Ithinkweshouldleavehererightaway!”Shemurmuredinacryingtone.Instantly,Dadrefusedherrequestagainforthefactthatthecityhadalreadybeenfloodedseverely.Ashesawthroughtheirwindow,thealmostthree-meter-highfloodwaterhadalreadysurroundedtheapartmentbuildinglikeawideriver,severalcarsfloatingonitjustlikeboats.“Blackout!”Marygaspedfearfully,thewindroaringandtherainbeatingontheroofandwindows,whichmadeherevenmorenervous