八年级上册英语各单元知识点归纳（人教版）

八年级上册英语各单元知识点归纳（人教版）本册共10个单元，覆盖一般过去时、比较级与最高级、一般将来时、条件状语从句等核心语法。文首速查表用于定位单元与语法，正文按“语法核心、词形转换、重点短语、重点句型、考点提醒”逐项展开，适合期中期末复习与背诵。全册速查表单元话题语法核心高频考点Unit1假期去哪里一般过去时；复合不定代词不定代词作主语谓语用单数Unit2锻炼与生活习惯频度副词；howoftenhowoften与howmanytimesUnit3人物比较形容词、副词比较级as…as与than结构Unit4最佳场所形容词、副词最高级oneof+最高级+复数Unit5电视节目动词不定式作宾语mind/stand+doingUnit6理想与计划begoingto表打算begoingto与will的区别Unit7未来生活will表预测fewer/less与TherewillbeUnit8食物制作祈使句；量的表达howmuch与howmanyUnit9邀请与应答情态动词can；havetolookforwardtodoingUnit10假设与结果if条件状语从句主将从现Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?你去哪里度假了？语法核心：一般过去时；复合不定代词someone、anyone、something、anything、nothing、everyone。词形转换bore→bored（人感到无聊）→boring（事物令人无聊）wonder（v.想知道）→wonderful（adj.极好的）you→yourself/yourselves；I→myself重点短语goonvacation去度假；stayathome待在家；gotothemountains去爬山gotothebeach去海滩；visitmuseums参观博物馆；quiteafew相当多takephotos拍照；keepadiary记日记；mostofthetime大部分时间feellike感觉像；becauseof+名词或代词；waitfor等待重点句型—Wheredidyougoonvacation?—Iwentto…—Didyougowithanyone?—Yes,Idid./No,Ididn't.Everythingseemedtobeboring.一切似乎都很无聊。考点提醒复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；形容词须后置：somethinginteresting。一般过去时：动词变过去式（规则与不规则）；否定式为didn't+动词原形。Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?你多久锻炼一次？语法核心：频度副词；howoften引导的特殊疑问句。词形转换health→healthy→unhealthyhard→hardly（几乎不，与“困难地”无关，易错）频度副词（由高到低）always（总是）>usually（通常）>often（经常）>sometimes（有时）>hardlyever（几乎不）>never（从不）。重点短语helpwithhousework帮忙做家务；goshopping购物；onceaweek一周一次twiceamonth一月两次；threetimesaday一天三次；atleast至少morethan多于；lessthan少于；stayuplate熬夜；goonline上网begoodfor对……有益；bebadfor对……有害重点句型—Howoftendoyouexercise?—Iexercisetwiceaweek.Howmanyhoursdoyousleepeverynight?考点提醒howoften问频率；howmanytimes问次数。once、twice后不加s；三次及以上用“数字+times”。Unit3I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.我比我妹妹外向语法核心：形容词、副词比较级（两者对比）。词形转换outgoing→moreoutgoing；quiet→quieter；loud→louder；clear→clearlygood/well→better；bad/badly→worse；many/much→more；little→less重点短语bemoreoutgoingthan比……更外向；as…as和……一样（中间用原级）notso/as…as不如；careabout关心；makefriends交朋友begoodat=dowellin擅长；betalentedin在……有天赋bringoutthebestinsb激发出某人最好的一面；besimilarto和……相似bedifferentfrom和……不同；touchone'sheart打动某人重点句型A+be+比较级+than+B.A比B……A+实义动词+比较级+than+B.TomrunsfasterthanJack.—Whoissmarter,LucyorLily?考点提醒掌握比较级变化规则；the+比较级，the+比较级表示“越……越……”。比较级前可用much、alot、alittle修饰。as…as的否定式为notas/so…as。Unit4What'sthebestmovietheater?最好的电影院是哪家？语法核心：形容词、副词最高级（三者及以上）。词形转换good/well→best；bad/badly→worst；creative→morecreative→mostcreativecomfortable→mostcomfortable；cheap→cheaper→cheapest重点短语theclosesttohome离家最近；thebiggestscreens最大的屏幕theshortestwaitingtime最短的等候时间；sofar到目前为止haveincommon有共同点；playarolein在……中发挥作用allkindsof各种各样的；take…seriously认真对待；winaprize获奖重点句型What'sthebestmovietheaterintown?Whichistheworstclothesstoreintown?Oneofthe+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”。考点提醒最高级前一般加the；in、of为范围标志。副词最高级前的the可以省略。Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?你想看游戏节目吗？语法核心：want、hope、plan、expect后接todo；动词不定式作宾语。词形转换educate→educational；relax→relaxing/relaxed；mean→meaningdiscuss→discussion；success→successful重点短语watchagameshow看游戏节目；talkshow脱口秀；soapopera肥皂剧plantodo计划做；hopetodo希望做；expecttodo期待做findout查明；learnfrom向……学习；bereadytodo准备好做tryone'sbest尽某人最大努力；dressup打扮；takeone'splace代替doagoodjob干得好重点句型—Whatdoyouthinkoftalkshows?=Howdoyouliketalkshows?—Idon'tmindthem./Ican'tstandthem./Ilovethem.考点提醒minddoing介意做；standdoing忍受做。辨析：thinkof用于评价；learnsthfromsb向某人学习某物。Unit6I'mgoingtostudycomputerscience.我打算学习计算机科学语法核心：一般将来时begoingto结构，表示计划与打算。词形转换science→scientist；piano→pianist；violin→violinist；act→actor/actressbegin→beginning；harm→harmful重点短语growup长大；begoingto+动词原形打算做；takeactinglessons上表演课studymedicine学医；gotocollege上大学；makethesoccerteam成为足球队队员keepondoing持续做；besureabout确信；makesure确保writedown写下；havetodowith与……有关；takeup开始从事（爱好）重点句型—Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?—I'mgoingtobeanengineer.—Howareyougoingtodothat?—I'mgoingto…考点提醒begoingto表示事先的计划；will多用于临时决定。keepondoing坚持做；promisetodo承诺做。Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots?人们将会有机器人吗？语法核心：will引导的一般将来时，表示对将来的预测。词形转换pollute→pollution；predict→prediction；peace→peacefuldanger→dangerous；believe→believable重点短语inthefuture在将来；onpaper在纸上；livetobe活到……岁in100years一百年后（用于将来时）；playapartin参与lessfreetime更少的空闲时间；fewertrees更少的树木；morepollution更多污染overandoveragain反复；hundredsof数百的；wakeup醒来重点句型—Willpeopleusemoneyin100years?—Yes,theywill./No,theywon't.Therewillbemorepollution.将会有更多污染。考点提醒few修饰可数名词，little修饰不可数名词；比较级为fewer与less。in+时间段用于将来时，提问用Howsoon。Therebe的将来时：Therewillbe…/Thereisgoingtobe…Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?你怎么做香蕉奶昔？语法核心：祈使句；how引导的方式问句；可数与不可数名词的量表达。词形转换shake→shook；dig→dug；final→finally重点短语peelthebananas剥香蕉；pour…into…把……倒入；turnon打开cutup切碎；put…into…把……放入；onecupofyogurt一杯酸奶apieceofbread一片面包；halfacup半杯；mixup混合fill…with…用……装满；cover…with…用……盖住重点句型—Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?—First…Next…Then…Finally…Howmuchyogurtdoweneed?（yogurt不可数）Howmanybananasdoweneed?（banana可数）考点提醒掌握turnon/off/up/down的用法区别。howmuch+不可数名词；howmany+可数名词复数。apieceof后接不可数名词，如bread、cheese。Unit9Canyoucometomyparty?你能来我的派对吗？语法核心：情态动词can表邀请；haveto与must的区别。词形转换prepare→preparation；invite→invitation；accept→accepted；refuse→refusal重点短语preparefor为……做准备；gotothedoctor看医生；havetheflu患流感hangout闲逛；onSaturdayafternoon在周六下午；lookafter照顾turndown拒绝；takeatrip去旅行；helpout帮忙；lookforwardtodoing期待做hearfrom收到来信重点句型—Canyoucometomyparty?—Sure,I'dloveto./I'msorry,Ican't.Ihaveto…Thanksforyourinvitation.考点提醒lookforwardtodoing，此处to是介词，后接动名词，必考。haveto表示客观上不得不；must表示主观上必须。accept接受；refuse与turndown均为拒绝。Unit10Ifyougototheparty,yo