江西萍乡市2026年高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西萍乡市2026年高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe2026ThermoFisherScientificJuniorInnovatorsChallenge(JIC)isopentoU.S.studentsingrades6,7,or8whocompeteataSociety-affiliatedsciencefairintheUnitedStates,recognizingoutstandingstudentresearchinscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics.Studentsmayparticipateeitherasindividualsoraspartofateam.Teamprojectrules●Upto3members.●Eachmembermustsubmitaseparateapplicationandclearlydescribetheirindividualcontribution.●Membersarejudgedindividually—itispossiblethatonlysomemembersadvance.Requirements●Allresearchmustbethestudent’sownwork.●Projectsinvolvinghumansubjectsoranimalsrequireethicsreview.●AllapplicationmaterialsmustbeinEnglish.Awards●Top300Students:$125,anawardribbon,andaone-yearsubscriptiontoScienceNewsExploresmagazine.●Top30Finalists:$500,anall-expense-paidtriptoWashington,D.C.●STEMAwards:awardedinScience,Technology,Engineering,andMathematicscategories.Firstplacereceives$3,500andsecondplacereceives$2,500tosupportasummercamp.BothfirstandsecondplacewinnersalsoreceiveaniPad.Clickheretoknowmoreaboutotherawards.CompetitionTimeline&ProcessStageTimePeriodActionRegionalQualificationNovember1,2025–June1,2026ParticipateinaJIC-affiliatedregionalsciencefairandplaceinthetop10%toearnnominationandnationalcompetitionqualificationSubmitApplicationFebruary1,2026–June10,2026Submitonlineapplicationwithprojectabstract,fullresearchreport,andsupportingmaterialsTop300AnnouncedSeptember2,2026SemifinalistsannouncedTop30AnnouncedSeptember16,2026FinalistsannouncedNationalFinalsOctober2026In-personjudgingandawardsceremony1.Whichofthefollowingisateamprojectrule?A.Handinajointapplication. B.Workwithatleasttwopartners.C.Detailpersonalcontribution. D.Ensureallmembersadvance.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheSTEMAwards?A.OnlyfirstplacewinnersgetaniPad.B.Firstprizeineachcategoryis$3,500.C.AwardsaremainlyforScienceandEngineering.D.Secondprizewinnerscan’tattendthesummercamp.3.Whichisthecorrectorderofthecompetitionprocess?①NationalFinals②Applicationsubmission③NationalQualification④SemifinalistannouncementA.③→②→④→① B.②→③→①→④ C.④→①→③→② D.③→④→②→①BMaggieAderin,anaward-winningUKastronomerandbroadcaster,hasworkedontheJamesWebbandGeminitelescopes.HerautobiographyStarchildrecordsherjourneyfromasci-fi-obsessedchildtoaleadingscientist,aswellasherviewsonneurodiversity,diversityinscience,andthepowerofastronomy.Growingupininner-cityLondon,Aderindreamedofgoingintospace,inspiredbyStarTrek.Sheattended13schoolsin12yearsduetoherparents’divorce,andundiagnoseddyslexia(阅读障碍)madeherfallbehind.At14,shebuiltherowntelescopeafterlearningfromTheSkyatNight,aBBCprogramshelaterhosted.Herfather,aNigerianimmigrant,instilledinherthevalueofeducation.Forbothfatheranddaughter,themoonbecameasymbolofhope:itguidedhimonunlitroadsinNigeria,andshonebrightlyforheramidthecity’sstarlessskies.Aderinisopenaboutherneurodiversity.“Tobearolemodel,youdon’thavetobeperfect,”shesays.“IhavedyslexiaandADHD—Ican’tspellwellandamoftenlate.It’sallpartofmyneurodiversity,andyetIamreachingforthestars.”Shebelieveseveryonehassomethinginsidethemthatburnsbright.“Thekeyistofindoutwhatsetsyourheartonfire.”Throughouthercareer,Aderinhasoftenbeenunderestimated,oncemistakenforacleaneroratealady.BeingtheonlyBlackwomaninherfield,shenowreframestheseexperiencesasopportunities,stressingthatsciencethrivesondiversity.“Groupsofsimilar-mindedpeoplethinkalike,hinderinggroundbreakingleapsintechnologyandinunderstanding.”Whenitcomestoastronomy,shenotesitisthepurequestforknowledge.“Tome,it’slikepoetryandart,enliveningthespirit.Everyculturehaslookedupatthenightskyandwonderedwhat’soutthere,”shesays.Duringthepandemic,sheencouragedpeopletolookup:“Abroaderperspectivehelps.”4.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAderin’searlyyears?A.Dyslexiakeptherfromschooling.B.Herfatherpushedherintoastronomy.C.HerinterestinspacearosefromSci-fi.D.Shereceivedlittlesupportfromherfamily.5.Whydoestheauthormentionthemooninparagraph2?A.Tocontrasturbanandruralenvironments.B.Toindicateasharedsourceofhope.C.ToshowAderin’sadmirationforherfather.D.ToexplainAderin’swaytochoosehercareer.6.WhatdoesAderinthinkofherbeingunderestimated?A.Amotivationtoworkharder.B.Achancetovaluediversity.C.Achallengeforfemalescientists.D.AreminderofBlackwomen’sdifficulties.7.Whatmessagedoesthetextmainlyconvey?A.Rolemodelsareexpectedtobeperfect.B.Astronomyappealstopeopleacrosscultures.C.Personalhardshipscanfuelscientificprogress.D.Diversityandperseverancedrivebreakthroughs.CInanepisodeofFriends,actorJoeyisaskedtohostacharityshow.“Alittlegooddeed...plussomeTVexposure,nowthat’sthekindofmathJoeylikestodo!”heexclaims,whilehisfriendPhoebecallsit“totallyselfish”.Thisscenecapturesacommonhumantendency:oursuspicionofdo-gooders,especiallywhentheymightbenefitfromtheiractions.Thisinstinctisexploredinarecentpaperon“do-gooderderogation(行善者贬损)”.Researchshowsthatweoftenlookforsomeone’shiddenmotive,andoncefound,wemayjudgethemevenmoreharshlythanthosewhoactwithobviousself-interest.Forinstance,inaclassicexperimentcalledthepublicgoodsgame,participantswhocontributedthemostmoneytoasharedpoolwereoftencriticizedjustasbadlybyotherplayersasthosewhocontributednothingatall.PsychologistNicholaarguesthatweareallplayinga“statusgame”,suspiciousofanyonewhomightbefakingvirtuetoboosttheirownstanding.Studiesconfirmthis,revealingaphenomenonknownasthe“taintedaltruismeffect”(被玷污的利他效应).ImagineyourfriendAndyvolunteersatahomelessshelter.Youlaterdiscoverheisonlydoingsotogetadatewiththemanager.StudiessuggestweviewAndymorenegativelythansomeonewhotookajobatacoffeeshopforthesameromanticmotive.Wearemorejudgementalofthepersonhidingself-interestbehindacharitableact.Hafenbrädl,aresearcherattheUniversityofNavarra,suggeststhisjudgmentstemsfromacalculationweighingthesocialrewardssomeonegetsagainstthecostoftheirdeed.Inoneexperiment,aresortownerwhospent$100,000cleaninglocalbeacheswasconsideredlessmoralwhenheusedtheacttoadvertisehisbusinessthanwhenhekeptitquiet.Interestingly,Hafenbrädlfoundthatpeoplewhodonatedbloodorgavetocharityfortheirownsenseofself-satisfactionwereconsideredmoremoralthanthoseseekingtoenhancetheirreputation.PerhapsJoeyisright:purealtruismmaynotexist.Butpersonally,Iamhappytoforgivethe“warmglow”thatcomesfromhelpingothers,ifitmeansthereisalittlemorekindnessintheworld.8.Whatdoesthe“taintedaltruismeffect”referto?A.Judginggenerouspeoplepositively. B.Valuingordinaryjobsovervolunteering.C.Rewardingthosewhoseeksocialrecognition. D.Criticizingcharitableactswithhiddenmotives.9.WhatcanbelearnedfromHafenbrädl’sexperiment?A.Publicitylowersmoralcredit. B.Costalonedecidesmoralworth.C.Actionsmattermorethanmotives. D.Peopleundervalueenvironmentalacts.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthe“warmglow”ofhelpingothers?A.Tolerant. B.Skeptical. C.Indifferent. D.Critical.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDisappearanceofPureAltruismB.TheHiddenCostofBeingKindtoOthersC.WhyAreWeSuspiciousofDo-gooders?D.HowtoPerformTrulySelflessGoodDeeds?DAutonomousvehiclesfacemanyrisksastheysetoutontheroad,andeventhebestrobotsstruggledtomakesenseofcomplexenvironmentsasquicklyashumans.Recently,researchershavetakeninspirationfromthehumaneyetodevelopanewartificial-visionsystemthatisfourtimesfasterthancurrenttechnology.Manyrobotsusecamerasandopticalflow(光流)toperceivemotion.Optical-flowalgorithms(算法)usebrightnesschangesbetweenimagestoworkouttherobot’smotionandthatofnearbyobjects.Optical-flowmethodsneed,however,muchcalculation.Distinguishingdifferentobjectsinasingleimagecantakeover0.6seconds.Thiscanbecostly.Foranautonomousvehicledrivingatmotorwayspeeds,everyhalf-seconddelayleadstoaround12metresoftravelwithoutdatedinformation.Theefficiencyofhumanvisionbenefitsfromthelateralgeniculatenucleus(LGN)(外侧膝状体)inthebrain.TheLGNreceivesandpassesvisualinformation,guidingtheprocessingpowertoprioritizeareaswithsignificantchangesinspaceortime,suchasmovingobjects.ResearcherssoughttointroduceanLGN-likelayerintoartificialvisionsystems.Traditionalcomputerchipsstruggletoachievehigh-speedprocessingduetotheseparationofprocessingandstorage.Thus,theyturnedtoso-calledneuromorphic(神经形态的)hardwaretosolvethatproblem,anddevelopedanovelpieceofneuromorphickittoimitatetheLGN,whichcanquicklyidentifymovingareasandguideoptical-flowalgorithmstofocusonthem.Testedinavarietyofcontexts,thenewsystemoperatedatapproximatelyfourtimesthespeedofexistingoptical-flowmethodswhilemaintainingorimprovingaccuracy.Performanceincreaseswereparticularlynotableforautonomousdriving,wheretheaccuracydoubled.Yetthesystemstillreliesonconventionalalgorithms.Althoughitdoeswellinprioritizingimages,itcanneveravoidaccuracydecreaseforsceneswithcomplexmotion—afamiliarimpedimentforopticalflow.Theresearchershopethattheirsystemwillincreasethevarietyandcomplexityofsettingsinwhichroboticscanbeappliedandinteractionsbetweenhumansandlife-likerobotsmaysoonoccurinmillionsofhomes.12.Whatisthelimitationofoptical-flowalgorithmsaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Highexpenseinpracticaloperation.B.Insufficientefficiencyinreal-lifeuse.C.Occasionalmistakesincomplexcalculation.D.Lessflexibilityinchangingenvironments.13.Howdidresearchersimprovetheexistingsystem?A.Byaddingvisualinformation. B.Byupgradingoptical-flowalgorithms.C.Byseparatingprocessingfromstorage. D.Byemployinganewneuromorphicdevice.14.Howistheperformanceofthenewsystemintests?A.Itshinesinbothspeedandaccuracy.B.Itworkspoorlyinautonomousdriving.C.Itfullycovershuman-robotinteractions.D.Ittotallyabandonstraditionalalgorithms.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impediment”inparagraph5mean?A.Risk. B.Strength. C.Barrier. D.Purpose.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyrelyonpuzzlesorappstosharpenminds.____16____Ourstudyofover250,000participantsconfirmsthatphysicalactivityenhancescognitiveabilitiesatanyage.Activitiessuchaswalkingorcyclingcanincreasethesizeofthehippocampus(海马结构),thepartofthebrainresponsibleformemoryandlearning.____17____Moreintenseworkouts,suchasrunningorhigh-intensityintervaltraining,canfurtherboostthebrain’sabilitytoadaptandrewireitself.Thishelpsyoulearnmorequicklyandstaymentallysharp.Theworld’spopulationisaging.By2030,oneinsixpeoplewillbeagedover60.Withthatcomesarisingriskofcognitivedisorders.____18____Adultsshouldaimforatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensityexerciseeachweek,oratleast75minutesofmorevigorousactivity,likerunning.It’salsoimportanttoincludemuscle-strengtheningexercises,suchasliftingweights,intoworkoutsatleasttwiceaweek.Youdon’tneedtorunmarathonsorliftheavyweightstobenefit.____19____Importantly,theseformsofmovementareinclusive.Theycanbedoneathomeoroutdoors,suitingallfitnesslevels.Still,findtimeforstructuredexerciselikeregularyogaclassesforfullbrainbenefits.Ifyou’reagrandparent,considerplayingvirtualtennisorbowlingwithyourgrandchild.Ifyou’reateenagerwithsignsofADHD,tryadanceclass,andseeifitimpactsyourconcentrationinclass.Ifyou’reabusyparent,squeezein20minutesofyogaforaclearerhead.____20____Workplacesandschoolsaretakingnote:addingphysicalactivityboostsattentionandacademicperformance.Exerciseremainsapowerful,accessibletoolforbrainhealth.A.Meanwhile,oneinthreeadultsaren’tactiveenough.B.Differentexercisesbenefitbrainfunctiondifferently.C.Herearepracticalwaystoaddexercisetoyourdailylife.D.Ineachcase,you’retuningyourbrain,notjustexercising.E.Low-intensityactivitieslikeyogacanbeequallyeffective.F.Butresearchshowsexercisealsoboostsmemoryandbrainhealth.G.Onestudyshowsayearofaerobicexercisegrewolderadults’hippocampiby2%.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Formanystudentsinspecialeducation,schoolspiritandextracurricularexperienceslookdifferent.Therearenoteamshirts,nocheerleadinguniforms,andoftenfewer____21____totakepartinactivitiesotherkidsenjoy.Thatreality____22____withMassey,aspecialeducationteacherinGeorgia.Everyday,hewatchedhisstudentssitonthesidelineswhileothers____23____weekendadventures.Thedisappointmentintheireyes____24____onhismind.Hedecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Planningthetriprequiredextensive____25____.Multiplebusesandsupportvehicleswerearrangedto____26____studentswithcomplexmedicalneeds,includingthoserequiringoxygenorfeedingtubes.Still,withthehelpofvolunteersand____27____,Masseysecretlyplannedsomethingextraordinary:thestudents’first-everovernighttriptoGreatWolfLodge—withallcosts____28____.Whenthedayarrived,Massey’sheart____29____.Wouldeverythinggosmoothly?Hisfears____30____themomenthesawthechildren’sfaceslightup.Eachstudentreceivedgiftcardsatcheck-in,givingthemthechancetomakechoices____31____—includingbuyingtheirownlunches.Asthebusestraveled,thecountyofficerpersonally____32____them,highlightingjusthowmuchthecommunitycaredforthestudents.ForMassey,the____33____wassimple.“Iknowlifehasbeenhard,”hesaid,hisvoice____34____withemotion.“Butwewilldoeverythingwecantomakesureyou’reincluded,you’reimportant,andyou____35____.”21.A.opportunities B.interests C.responsibilities D.excuses22.A.began B.stayed C.mixed D.worked23.A.messed B.postponed C.dismissed D.shared24.A.weighed B.focused C.depended D.moved25.A.creation B.discussion C.involvement D.improvement26.A.prepare B.accommodate C.connect D.allow27.A.cheers B.promises C.donations D.instructions28.A.covered B.increased C.accepted D.ignored29.A.hurt B.broke C.beat D.pounded30.A.draggedon B.meltedaway C.welledup D.droppedout31.A.hurriedly B.carefully C.independently D.officially32.A.accompanied B.invited C.reminded D.thanked33.A.issue B.task C.technique D.message34.A.sharp B.thick C.weak D.calm35.A.succeed B.survive C.matter D.respond第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WiththeChineseNewYearatmospherelingering,avibrantYinggeperformance____36____(stage)byChineseandThaiperformersineasternThailand.RunningfromFeb28toMarch1,thesecondPhanatNikhomYinggefestivalattractedseventeams,includingChina’sNigouYinggeTeamandseveralThaiteams,____37____markedakeymomentinSino-Thaiculturaldialogues.Yinggedance,acombinationofdrama,danceandmartialarts,____38____(be)aChinesenationalintangibleculturalheritage.Overacenturyago,itwasintroducedtoThailandbyChinesemigrantsandhassinceflourished.Amongalltheperformances,theNigouTeam’sshowstoodout,withtheirmovementsperformed____39____(dynamic).DistrictChiefChayapolsaidatthefestival’sopeningceremony,“Wehopetotakethisfestivalas____40____platformtopromoteculturalexchanges.”ZhangZhongbing,coachofNigouTeam,notedthattheteam,____41____(consist)of40members,wasinvitedtoThailandforthefirsttime.LocalperformerThanacommentedthatthisyear’seventwaslargerthan____42____oflastyearandhefeltnotiredness.____43____thelanguagebarrier,thetwosideshadin-depthexchangesonfacialpaintingandperformingtechniques.TheperformancedrewacrowdofThai____44____(local)andtourists,whowerecaptivatedbytheperformers’dynamicmovements.AChinesespectatorsharedthattheperformancesgavehimastrongsenseof____45____(familiar).ChonburiGovernorstatedthattheprovincewillpromoteYinggeasaculturalsymbol,usingittoboostlocaltourism.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，上周五你校邀请科技领域专家开展了“AI与青少年生活”的主题讲座。请你为学校英文报写一篇活动报道，内容包括：（1）活动内容；（2）活动意义。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请在答题纸的相应位置作答。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IwasinhighschoolbeforeIrealizedmyfatherhadabirthproblem.Hehadaharelipandcleftpalate(唇腭裂),buttome,he’dlookedthesamesincethedayIwasborn.Istillrememberkissinghimgoodnightasakidandaskingifmynosewouldgoflatafteralifetimeofkisses.Hesmiledandassuredmeitwouldn’t,butIrememberedatwinkleinhiseyes.Iwassurehewasmarvelingaboutadaughterwhothoughtherkisses,notthirty-threeoperations,hadreshapedhisface.Myfatherwaskind,patient,thoughtfulandloving,mylifelonghero.Neverdidhelethisappearanceholdhimback.Whenrejectedforsalesworkforbeing“toounat