高一英语重要词汇总结

1、高一英语重要词汇总结Unit 1重点词组 1. fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。例如： Hes fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗? He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。 注意：like, enjoy, be fond of, love 都有“喜爱”、“喜欢”的意思，但在用法上和喜爱的程度上有所不同。like是一般用语，用得最广泛，后面的宾语可以是名词、不定式或动词-ing形式。enjoy 喜爱的程度比like稍

2、强一点，后面只可以跟名词或-ing形式，而不跟不定式。Love在这三个词中表达喜爱的程度最大，语气最强，感情色彩最强烈，有“热爱”之意，后面的宾语可以是名词、不定式或动词-ing形式。be fond of（=like very much）,在喜 爱的程度上比like强，但比love弱，后面只可以跟名词或-ing形式。2. hunt for = look for寻找I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书。hunt for a job 找工作 hunt down 追捕, 捕获 The police hunted down the es

3、caped prisoner.警方追捕逃犯。hunt out 找出来 Ive got some pictures for you somewhere, but itll need hunting out.hunt up 找到, 找寻 Youll have to hunt up the word in the dictionary.3. in order to, so as to 这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to 则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to. 如:He went to Beijing

4、 in order / so as to attend an important meeting.In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。in order that， so that 两个短语都能引导目的状语从句。从句中常有情态动词。He opened the window in order that / so that fresh air might come in.We started early in order that / so that we might arrive bef

5、ore dark.4. care about 1) 喜欢，对有兴趣 = care forShe doesnt care about money.她不喜欢钱。2）关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesnt care about other people.她只考虑自己。她不关心别人。3）在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分）These young people care nothing about what old people might say.这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。 care for除了有与care about同样的几个意思外

6、，还可以表示“照料，照顾” Who is to care for me when Im old？我年纪老的时候谁照顾我? care to do 愿意(接近like，跟不定式, 主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句) If you care to hear it, I will tell you. 如果你愿意听的话，我告诉你。5. such as 意为“诸如”，“像”，是用来列举人或事物的。 She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三门科目,像物理、化学。 注意：（1）such as前的名词要用复数；（2）such as后

7、列举的人或物至少是两项， 但不能全部列出；（3）用了such as 就不再用others 或etc. such as 表示 “像这样的”, “诸如之类”, 一般可转换为such as或like介词短语。Such languages as Chinese, Russian, Japanese and German are difficult learn well. = Languages such as Chinese = Languages like Chinese 另外, such as 中的as 还可用作关系代词, 引导一个定语从句. Please take such things as

8、you need.(as 作need的宾语) 拿你所需要的东西吧。 Suchthat如此以致,引导的是结果状语从句。试比较： He is such a good student that he is often praised by the teacher. (状语从句) He is such a good student as is often praised by the teacher. (定语从句)6. drop sb a line 留下便条, 写封短信重点句型1“So + behave助动词情态动词主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定

9、句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。 例如 Hes tired，and so am I(Im also tired) You can swim，and so can I(I can also swim) She has had supper，and so can I(Ive had lunch，too) Tom speaks English，and so does his sister(His sister speaks English，too) A: I went to the park yesterdayB: So did I(I also

10、went to the park yesterday)2“So +主语+behave助动词情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。例如 A：It was cold yesterday昨天很冷。 B：So it was的确如此。(Yes，it was) A：You seem to like sports B：So I do(Yes，I do) A：It will be fine tomorrow B：So it will(Yes ，it will) 3“主语+do/does/d

11、id + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。 My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed in my composition on time.) 语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。4So it is with或 It is the same with句型表示 “(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。 She doesnt play the

12、 piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.Unit 2重点短语1、make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束（1） If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。2） Can I turn on the TV? 我可以打开电视吗？Yes, of course. Just make yourself at home. 当然可以，请不要

13、拘束。2、 stay up 不睡；熬夜（1） Ill be late home, dont stay up for me. 我将回家很晚，不要等我了。（2） He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning. 他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。3、come about 引起；发生；产生（1）How did the accident come about? 这场事故是怎么发生的？（2） They didnt know how the change had come about. 他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。（3） Many a quarrel comes a

14、bout through a misunderstanding. 很多争吵是由误解引起的。（4）How does it come about that you are here, not in Boston? 你怎么不在波士顿，反而在这里？（5） Can you explain how it came about that you were an hour late? 你怎么会迟到一个钟头，对此你作什么解释？4、except for 除之外（1） except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如： He answered all the

15、 questions except the last one. 除去最后一个，他回答了所有问题。 We go there every day except Sunday. 除了星期天，我们天天去那里。（2）except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如： Except for one old lady, the bus was empty. 除去一个老太太，这辆公共汽车全空了。 Your picture is good except for the colors. 你的画儿很好，只是某些色彩有问题。（3）但在现代英语中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个

16、例子可以是： He answered all the questions except for the last one.（4） 另外，在介词短语之前只能用except，不能用except for。如： we go to bed before ten, except in the summer. 除了夏季，我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。 （教材P160 Notes to the text）5、end up with 以告终；以结束（1） The party ended up with an English song. 聚会以一首英文歌结束。（2） The meeting ends up with

17、an encouraging song. 会议以鼓舞人心的歌曲结束。（3） He ended up his speech with a poem. (end up sth. with sth else.) 他以一首诗结束了他的演说。6、more or less 几乎；差不多；大约；大概；大体上（1） Ive more or less succeeded, but they havent. 我差不多成功了，而他们没有。（2） Our living condition has more or less improved. 我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。（3） Ive more or less fi

18、nished reading the book. 我几乎读完了这本书。（4） The trip will take ten days more or less. 旅行将大约花7天时间。（5） I have given him $ 100 more or less. 我大约给了他100 美元。7、bring in 引进；引来；吸收（1） We should bring in new technology. 我们应该引进新技术。（2） He brings in 800 dollars a month. 他一个月挣八百美元。（3） They started to use English, but t

19、hey also brought in some words from their own languages. 他们开始使用英语，但他们也从他们自己的语言中引进一些词语。重点句型1、There you are. 行了，好。这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。如：There you are! Then lets have some coffee.除此之外，还可以表示“瞧，对吧（果然如此）”的语气。例如：There you are! I knew we should find it at last. 对吧！我就知道我们最终能找到的。2、You must be very tired.

20、 你一定是累极了。must这个情态动词在这里表示的是很有把握的一种主观判断，意思是“一定，肯定”等。作这一意思解释时，must的否定形式是 cant，即“一定不”。例如：A：That must be the Williams.B: No, it cant be them. They are away on holidays.3、Joe is an American who has come to Britain for the first time. 乔是第一次到英国的美国人。for the first time 第一次；在句中作时间状语。I met him at the cinema for

21、 the first time.我第一次碰到他是在电影院里。What do you say when you meet a foreigner for the first time?你和一个外国人第一次碰面时，你说什么？Yesterday he was beaten by his father for the first time.昨天他第一次挨了父亲的打。注意：名词短语the first time可以用作连词，连接一个时间状语从句，此时不用介词for。例如： I felt you different from others the first time I saw you.我第一次见到你就觉

22、得你与众不同。 Mary was reading under the tree the first time I met her.我第一次遇到玛丽时她正在树下看书。4、An equal number of people learn English as a second language. 等同数量的人们把英语作为第二语言来学。However, the number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.但是把英语作为外语来学的人数多于7亿5千万。a number of 后跟可数名词

23、的复数形式，作主语，谓语动词用复数。“the number of 复数名词”，意为“的数量”，作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：A number of well-qualified people have recently left the company.一些非常称职的人已在最近离开了这家公司。The number of deaths in traffic accidents this year increases by 2%.今年死于车祸的人数增加了2%。5、However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have

24、any difficulty in understanding each other. 然而，大多数情况下，两国的人们在相互理解上并没有任何困难。（1）however 为副词，意为“然而，不过”。 The companys profits have fallen slightly. However, this is not a serious problem. 公司的盈利已稍有减少，然而不算是什么严重问题。 My room is small. Its very comfortable, however. 我的房间不大，不过它非常舒适。（2）have some difficulty (in) d

25、oing sth. 干某事有困难；接名词时，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth. Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English? 你理解英语口语有困难吗？ She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation. 她说她在发音方面有困难。6、There are a great many American Indian words, for example“to howl”means to cry.有许多美洲印第安人词语，如“to howl”指的是“to

26、 cry（喊叫）”。a great many 许多，用于修饰可数名词的复数作主语，谓语动词用复数；也可以说a good many.如：A great (good) many students are playing basketball on the playground.注意：a good (great) many之后不能接of，如以上例句，若接of，所修饰的名词前必须有the, those, these等修饰。比较：A great many of them / of the (those, these) students are playing basketball on the play

27、 ground.他们中的许多人（那些学生中的许多）在操场上打篮球。7、What is it that Joe cant find in the bathroom? 乔在浴室中找不到什么东西？该句是强调句型的特殊疑问句，即对find后的宾语进行提问，并且加以强调。又如（1） He cant find his English book. It is his English book that he cant find. （强调his English book） 他不能找到自己的英语书。（2） What is it that he cant find? （对宾语进行提问）是什么东西他不能找到？8、W

28、ith so many people communicating in English every day, we can see that it will be more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.每天有如此多的人用英语交流，我们知道掌握英语将越来越重要。（1）with so many people communicating 是“with宾语现在分词”结构，相当于Because so many people communicate in English，又如： With winter coming on,

29、its time to buy warm clothes. 随着冬天来临，是买暖和衣服的时候了。 John soon fell asleep with the light still burning. 不久约翰开着灯睡着了。 with后除了能跟-ing的复合结构外，还可以跟：（2）介词的复合结构 His wife came downstairs, with her son in her arms. 他的妻子下楼下，手里抱着儿子。（3）过去分词的复合结构 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 他整下午把门锁着工作。（4）其它类型 I

30、cant go out with all these dishes to wash. 有这些盘子要洗我不能出去。 With John away, weve got more room. 约翰走了后，我们有更多空闲位置。 Karl was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 卡尔穿着衣服躺在床上。（5） have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握”，“对有某种程度的了解” He has a good knowledge of London. 他对伦敦有所了解。 A good knowledge of languages is

31、 always useful. 掌握语言总是有用的。Unit 3 Going places重点单词和词组1、consider vt. 考虑；照顾；认为（1）Before you decide to leave your job, consider the effect it will have on your family.你在决定辞职以前，应考虑到这会对你的家庭造成的影响。（2）Im considering changing my job. （consider doing sth. 考虑做）我在考虑转换工作。（3）He is considering when to go to the Sou

32、th.（consider疑问词不定式 考虑）他在考虑什么时候去南方。（4）Do you consider her（to be）suitable for the job?（considern. （to be）adj.认为）你认为她做这个工作合适吗？（5）He is considered to have invented the computer.（considern.to do sth. 认为）人们认为他发明了电脑。（6）I consider it important to have a good knowledge of English. （consider itadj. /n.to do 认

33、为）我认为掌握好英语很重要。2、means n.手段；方法The quickest means of travel is by plane. 最快的交通工具是飞机。All the possible means have been tried. 已采取了所有的手段。注意：means单复数同形，由句意判断means的单数、复数形式。搭配by means of 应用；使用（1）We expressed our thoughts by means of words. 我们用词句来表达思想。（2）They made their fortune by means of working hard.他们靠勤劳

34、发家致富。3、experience vt. 体验；经历 n. 经验；体验；经历（1）I experienced great difficulty in getting a visa to leave the country.我申请出国签证经历了很大的困难。（2）Our country has experienced great changes in the last 30 years. 在过去三十年里，我们国家经历了巨大的变化。（3）How many years experience do you have of teaching English? 你教英语有多少年（经验）？（作“经验”讲，e

35、xperience是不可数名词）（4）Our journey by camel was quite an experience. 我们骑骆驼旅行真是一次难忘的经历。（作“经历”讲，experience是可数 名词）4、simply adv. 简单地；简易地；朴素地；清楚地；仅仅；只不过（1）On her small income they live very simply.他们靠微薄的收入过着非常简朴的生活。（2）I dont like driving, I do it simply because I have to get to work each day.我不喜欢开车，而我之所以开车只是

36、因为我每天必须到工作地点上班。5、get away（from） 逃离（1）The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。（2）I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。6、vacation n. 假期；休假（1）Theyre in Florida on vacation.他们正佛罗里达度假。（2）The library is closed during the college vacation.学院放假期间，图书馆不开放

37、。vacation / holiday / leave（1）Were going to France during the summer holidays（vacation）.暑假期间我们将去法国。（2）on holiday（=on vacation）度假（3）take a holiday（= take a vacation）休假（4）ask for sick leave 请病假7、tip n.（c）有用的意见；劝告；告诫；小费（1）The manual is full of useful tips.这本手册里有很多实用的小建议。（2）Take my tip and keep well awa

38、y from that place.听我的劝告，离那个地方远远的。（3）Shall I leave a tip for the taxi driver?我要给出租司机留点小费吗？8、watch out （for）注意；留心（1）Watch out! There is a car coming.小心！汽车来了。（2）Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑。（3）The staff were asked to watch out for forged banknotes.已经要求职员留意伪钞。9、normal n.（U）常态；正常；标准 adj. 正

39、常的；正规的；标准的（1）Her temperature is above（below）normal.她的体温高于（低于）正常标准。（2）Things have returned to normal. 事情已恢复常态。（3）the normal temperature of the human body 人们的正常温度（4）the normal time (place / method/ position) 通常的时间（地点/方法/位置）（5）normal behaviour (thinking/ views) 正常的行为（思想/观点）10、handle vt. 操作；处理 n.柄；把手（1）

40、An officer must know how to handle his men.当军官的应懂得怎样统率士兵。（2）Wash your hands before you handle food.洗完手再拿食物。（3）This port handles 100 million tons of cargo each year.这个港口每年货物吞吐量达1亿吨。11、separate adj. 单独的；各自的；分开的 vt.分开；隔离（1）The children sleep in separate beds.孩子们睡在各自的床上。（2）We are good friends and cant b

41、e separated.我们是好朋友，因此是拆不散的。（3）The friends separated at the crossroads.朋友们在十字路口分手了。（1）Violent prisoners are kept separate from the others. 有暴力行为的囚犯隔离囚禁。（2）The branch has separated from the trunk of the tree. 这个树枝已从树干上脱落。（3）The patient should be separated from the others. 这个病人应该隔离。（4）The children were

42、 separated into groups for the game.那些儿童分成小组做游戏。12、combine v.（使）联合；（使）结合（1）We cant always combine work with pleasure.我们不能永远在工作中享受乐趣。（2）Combine the eggs with a little flour and heat the mixture gently.把鸡蛋和少量面粉调匀，用文火加热。13、see sb. off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车

43、站给朋友送行。14、on the other hand 另一方面（用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常说on the one hand on the other hand一方面另一方面）I know this job of mine isnt well paid, but on the other hand I dont have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。15、as well as sb (sth)而且He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她

44、不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。（二）重难句理解1、How would you like to go to the following places, by boat, by air or by bus?你愿意以什么方式到下面的位置，坐船，乘飞机或坐公共汽车？how意为“in what way or by what means”，又如：How can I get to Cambridge?请告诉我到剑桥该怎么走？by boat (by air, by bus)等短语中，不能加冠词，若加冠词，则常用in a boat（a plane）, on a bus。表“乘坐”的动词是take，如：take

45、 a boat (bus, taxi)，但“登机”常用board。2、Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking.你可能想远足，而不是在公共汽车上，在旅馆里或在海滨度过你的假期。instead of 为介词短语，意为“作为某人（事物）的替换”。 Lets play cards instead of watching television.咱们玩纸牌吧，别看电视了。We sometimes eat rice instead of

46、 potatoes.我们有时候吃大米，不吃土豆。instead adv. 代替；更换It will take days by car, so lets fly instead.（=It will take days by car, so lets fly instead of by car.）开车去要好几天呢，咱们还是坐飞机去吧。3、（1）Tell someone where you are going and when you will return.告诉某人你要去哪里，你什么时候返回。 （2）It is done on rivers and streams where the water

47、moves quickly.那在水流很急的河中或溪流中完成。（1）句中的where引导状语从句；（2）句中的where为关系副词，引导定语 从句；rivers and streams 为先行词。此时where 相当于in which。4、Eco-tourists want to learn about the world so that they can make it better, or at least understand it better. 生态游客想了解世界以使世界变得更好或至少能较好地理解它。（1）so that引导目的状语从句，从句中的谓语动词前常带may, might, c

48、an, could 等情态动词。We started early so that we could catch the early bus.我们起早，为了能够赶上早班车。（2）at least（表程度）至少；起码；无论如何；不管怎样；反正（表数量）至少（not less than）The food wasnt good, but at least it was cheap.这些食品不怎么好，但起码是很便宜的。He left last Tuesday-at least, I think.上星期二他离开了，起码我认为他已经走。It costs at least 5. 它至少值五英镑。Unit 4重

49、点词组 1. take place 发生 take ones place 入座、站好位置、取得地位 take sbs place 或take the place of sb / sth代替、取代 The Olympic Games take place / are held every four years. 2. on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧；着火；起火”，有静态的含意。Catch fire有动态的含意。 Set on fire / set fire to 用来表示“使着火”、“放火烧”。例如： Look, the theatre is on fire! Lets go

50、 and help.瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去帮忙救火吧。 He is the very person that set the theatre on fire.他正是放火烧剧院的那个人。 Suddenly a pan of oil catches fire.突然，一锅油着火了。 3. get on ones feet 1）站起来;站起来发言 2）(=stand on ones feet)自立, 经济上独立 3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢复, 复苏(指企业) 4. go through 1) 经历；经受；遭到 These countries have gone / been throu

51、gh too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。 2) 完成；做完 I didnt want to go through college.我不想上完大学。 3）通过；批准 The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。 Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。 4）全面检查；搜查 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。 5. on holiday 在度假，在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visite

52、d my uncle. 我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。 holiday(holidays)一般指“休假” Tom and I are going to have a holiday. 我和汤姆准备去度假。 Ive already had my holidays this year. 我今年已经度过假了。 注：have a (或ones)holiday 度假，during a holiday 在一次假期中。这种用法的holiday 总用单数形式，但并不只是“一天”假。 复数形式的holidays 泛指“假日”，如summer holidays 暑假。 但“Sunday is a holiday ”

53、中的holiday 却是“一天”的假。 6.travel agency A business that attends to the details of transportation, itinerary, and accommodations for travelers. 旅行社一种为旅行者提供细致的运输、旅行和住宿方面服务的行业 Also called: travel bureau 重点句型 1. Before she could move , she heard a great noise, which grew to a terrible roar.她还没来得 及跑，就听到一个巨大的声音逐渐变成可怕的轰鸣声。 Before引导的状