2017 《600分考点 700分考法》 A版-专题20 主旨大意

1、第2部分 阅读理解,专题20 主旨大意,目 录,考法1 概括文章标题 考法2 概括文章主旨 考法3 归纳段落大意,技巧1 速读文章，明确主题 技巧2 瞻首顾尾，定位中心句 技巧3 转义概括，或取其一,题型应考技巧,Passage 2,600分考点 真题例解,Passage 1 Passage 2,体裁：说明文 主题：家居环境与饮食 词数：325 建议用时：6 Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you

2、 pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan. Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less se

3、lf-conscious (难为情) when theyre in poorly lit placesand so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesnt have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness. Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue

4、 room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when its time to repaint, go blue.,第一段首句为本文的主题句：你的房子可能会影响你的身材。 第一段最后一句承上启下，点明了本文的说明对象：如何使你的房子成为你的饮食计划的一部分。 第二段第一句为本段的主题句：拉开窗帘，打开

5、灯。 第三段第一句为本段的主题句：留意颜色，暖色会使我们的胃口大开。,Passage 1,语篇线索,课标全国 2015B,Dont forget the clockor the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories (卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And

6、while youre at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal. Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-

7、inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And well pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.,第四段第一句为本段的主题句：不要忘记钟表或收音机。 第五段第一句为本段的主题句：缩小盘子的尺寸。,语篇线索,1.The text is especially helpful for those who care

8、 about_. A.their home comforts B. their body shape C.house buying D.healthy diets 2.A home environment in blue can help people_. A.digest food better B.reduce food intake C.burn more calories D.regain their appetites,【语篇导读】本文向我们介绍了家居环境对我们饮食的影响，然后给出了如何通过改变房间光线、墙壁的颜色、餐具的大小等来控制饮食，从而保持身材的建议。 1.B【解析】推理判断

9、题。根据文章第一段第一句Your house may have an effect on your figure.（你的房子可能会对你的身材有影响。）和第二句 the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.（你设计房子的方式对你是增肥还是减肥会起作用。）可以推断文章对那些在乎身材的人尤其有帮助，故选B项。 2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room

10、consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.可知，研究发现，在蓝色房间内吃饭的人要比在黄色或红色房间内吃饭的人少吃33% 的食物，故选B项。,3.What are people advised to do at mealtimes? A.Eat quickly. B.Play fast music. C.Use smaller spoons. D.Turn down the lights. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Is Your House Maki

11、ng You Fat? B.Ways of Serving Dinner C.Effects of Self-Consciousness D.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?,3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake jumps by 14 percent. 可知，当我们用大汤匙的时候，摄入的总量要比使用小汤匙多14%，所以作者建议我们要想保持身材，就应该用较小的汤匙，故选C项。 4.A【解析】主旨大意题。文章开篇点题Your hou

12、se may have an effect on your figure.然后从专家的角度进一步说明the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off，并给那些想减肥的人士提了一些房间布置的建议，故选A项。,体裁：记叙文 主题：文件失而复得 词数：280 建议用时：5 Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short t

13、ime while looking for a house for me and our children. During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.

14、 He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.,第一段点明了故事发生的时间、地点以及背景。由本句可知作者的丈夫到达悉尼后准备为妻子和孩子找房子。,Passage 2,语篇线索,课

15、标全国 2014A ,Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husbands name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can (垃圾桶) that had been left out on the footpath. My husband rushed to their home to find

16、a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter

17、in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend. That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.,trash为本文的一个关键词，其在下文中的复现更突显了该词的重

18、要性。 telephone number与第2题的题干相符，所以在此处寻找第2题的答案。 最后一段点明主题，失而复得的文件让作者及家人找回了对他人的信任。,语篇线索,1.What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney? A.Go shopping. B.Find a house. C.Join his family. D.Take a vacation. 2.The girls parents got Rashids phone number from_. A.a friend of his family B.a Sydney po

19、liceman C.a letter in his papers D.a stranger in Sydney,【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了她丈夫在一个陌生的城市丢失了重要的文件，绝望中有人打来电话，善良的一家人找到了他丢失的文件，同时也使作者与丈夫找回了对他人的信任。 1.B【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的while looking for a house可知，作者的丈夫到达悉尼之后，暂住在旅馆中，并为妻子和孩子们寻找房子。故选B项。 2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句At last they had seen a half-written letter in

20、the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.可知，他们从一封信中看到了作者丈夫的电话号码。故选C项。,3.What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean? A.Showed. B.Sent out. C.Delivered. D.Gave back. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.From India to

21、 Australia. B.Living in a New Country. C.Turning Trash to Treasure. D.In Search of New Friends.,3.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中故事情节的发展可知，作者的丈夫接到了那家好心人的电话，去拿回了自己的文件，所以画线词的意思应该是“归还”。故选D项。 4.C【解析】主旨大意题。本文的情节主线是重要文件丢失又被找回，并且文件是在垃圾桶里被发现的。故C项符合题意。同时，treasure一词也喻指了对他人的信任。故选C项。,700分考法 完美应对,题型考法解析,考法1 概括文章标题 考法2 概括文章主

22、旨 考法3 归纳段落大意,考法1 概括文章标题,例,安徽2015B ,【解析】主旨大意题。本文讲述了依莲娜安教育女儿们团结就是力量，只有一家人齐心协力才能战胜困难，最终取得成功的道理。她们家的饭馆生意兴隆正说明了这一点。因此D 项正确。,D,63.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. How to Run a Corporation B. Strength Comes from Peace C. How to Achieve a Big Dream D. Family Unity Builds Succ

23、ess,When her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结). To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing one person. Then she easily broke it into two pieces. Next, she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family. She showed the girl

24、s it was hard to break the tied chopsticks. This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up. Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans working together. Now the Ans corporation makes more than $20 million each year. Although t

25、hey began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they worked together. Now they are a big success.,考法2 概括文章主旨,例,课标全国 2013A,Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my familys last vacation. It was my six-year-old sons winter break from school，and w

26、e were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meetings in New York, so I had to get back. But that didnt mean my husband and my son couldnt st

27、ay. I took my nine-month-old and took off for home. The next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouragedokay, orderedthem to wait it out at the airport to “earn” more Delta Dollars. Our total take:$1,600.Not bad, huh? Now some people may think Im

28、 a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up. Ive made a living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks And I really do what I believe in.

29、,例,课标全国 2013A,I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your moneys worth. Im also tight-fisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldnt hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and its the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a