ERP高级培训班讲座

1、ERPs 实验高级培训,赵 仑 2007.3.，南京,It is an exciting time for studying human cognition. - Picton, Alain, EMMN - L Zhao, et al., 2006, 2007) may be relatively attentional resource-free but that top-down, controlled processes become involved as more time passes. fMRI methodology is unable to separate relative

2、ly fast versus slow encoding processes due to the slow time course of the hemodynamic response (e.g., Aguirre, et al, 1998; Miezin, et al, 2000),Spatial Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Spatial Filtering for Artifact Extraction,Generate Averaged Artifact (e.g. eyeblink),Perform Spatial SVD Gen

3、erate Correction LDR,Apply LDR as Spatial Filter To Reduce Artifact,UC BERKELEY,Visual Evoked Potentials Recorded During Sparse fMRI Sequence (reverse checkboard),Visual Evoked Potentials Recorded at Electrode Oz,Visual Evoked Potentials Recorded During Sparse fMRI Sequence,Boundary Element Model Ba

4、sed on MNI* average MRI 3-shell head model Residual variance 6% - fMRI activation shown in white,ERP离线分析的几个重要问题,数字滤波（Digital Filter）的选择？,Zero Phase Shift Digital Filter,线性校正（Linear Detrend）的选择？,经验 伪迹识别,波形识别 技术难关，峰潜伏期、波形、头皮分布，文献、经验。 测量 波幅：基线波峰；峰峰 潜伏期：刺激起始峰顶点；始潜时 波幅反映大脑兴奋性高低，潜伏期反映神经活动与加工过程的速度和评价时间。,波形

5、识别与测量,行为数据测量 反应时、正误率 反应时的重要性 （举例） 平均波幅测量 固定法/连续测量 具体法或间断法,ERN，error-related negativity Conflict control,（1）测量比较峰潜伏期、 始潜时、波幅 （2）波形的头皮分布 （3）定位分析,Repeated measures ANOVAERPs研究主要比较不同条件下的成份差异。 脑区和电极的选择N170Word/Face/Object Pooling Electrodes （Montage 演示）,统计和结果分析,ERP时频分析,Basar 等（1984，1985）,time-frequency a

6、nalysis,Band Analysis Evokedtime-phase locked Inducedtime-, non-phase locked ERD/ERS Event-related desynchronization Event-related synchronization Coherence Analysis .,Neurophysiology must develop new ways to measure the activity of networks. This will probably involve correlational studies and atte

7、ntion to rhythms as well as to isolated potentials. - Picton, Alain, Red-Con. (Sad); Blue-Stan. (Neutral).,Is there pre-attentive memory-based expression MMN?,Is there pre-attentive memory-based expression MMN?,(L. Zhao, et al, 2007, Unpublished data),Right Occipital Lobe,Left View Right View Back V

8、iew,信息自动加工(?)的指标 视觉注意效应，注意早期 听觉注意效应，注意早期 朝向反应，信息非随机注意 整合、背景更新、决策加工 注意保持 813Hz、40Hz、60Hz、90Hz,MMN P1/N1 P20-50/N1 N2b/P3a P3b CNV EEG,注意 & ERP/EEG,EEG（相干、同步、频谱） ERP（成分、脑区定位、偶极子和电流密度溯源）,Emotion & ERP,*解脱波 情绪研究的重要指标,Nogo N2/P3； ERN，error-related negativity,Conflict control,N270冲突加工 Nogo反应抑制，,(BW Zhang,

9、 et al. 2006),Inhibiting Responses,(Yeung, et al. 2004),Anterior cingulate cortex,Monitoring of Errors,M. Falkenstein et al. : Biological Psychology 51 (2000) 87107,The error must be detected, the guilt or frustration must be acknowledged, and compensatory behavior must be initiated. Ne-notice error

10、s Pe-cope with errors,The Medial Frontal Cortex and the Rapid Processing of Monetary Gains and Losses. William J. Gehring, Adrian R. Willoughby. 2002,FZ,The medial-frontal negativity (MFN),MFN,William J. Gehring, Adrian R. Willoughby. 2002,Language Processing & Linguistics,Word Sentence Context Lear

11、ning Semantic Syntax Visual and auditory modality ,Mirror effect of Chinese word perception,反应时和正确率比较,(Y. Zheng, et al. submitted),ms,-200,1000,uV,15,-15,CPZ,-200,400,uV,5,-12.5,CB1,ms,Normal Mirror Mirror effect,N4,(Y. Zheng, et al. submitted),PMN (phonological mismatch negativity) (Connolly, et al

12、, 1990, 1992, 1994) A negative-going response preceding the N400 in auditory modality is peaked between 270 and 300 ms after the onset of the terminal word Reflecting acoustic-phonetic processing of the initial segment of the word (e.g, the sentence-final word), possibly the initial phoneme Connolly

13、 & Phillips, 1994 - Investigating the independence of PMN from N400 under 4 conditions,4 conditions: Phoneme mismatch - Semantic mismatch (PMM-SMM): Joan fed her baby some worm nose (milk) -PMN & N400 Phoneme mismatch - Semantic match (PMM-SM): They left the dirty dishes in the kitchen (sink) -PMN P

14、honeme match - Semantic mismatch (PM-SMM): Phi put some drops in his icicles (eyes) -N400 Phoneme match - Semantic match (PM-SM): At night the old woman locked the door,( The highest Cloze probability terminal word ),Connolly & Phillips, 1994,Neither the PMN nor the N400 was found in the PM-SM condi

15、tion Only an N400 was observed in the PM-SMM condition Only a PMN was seen in the PMM-SM condition The N400 and the PMN were elicited in PMM-SMM condition A delayed N400 occurred to semantic violation in the PM-SMM condition as compared with in the PMM-SMM condition,Connolly & Phillips, 1994,PMM-SMM

16、 was as the baseline from which the PM-SMM and PMM-SM conditions were subtracted In the PMM-SMM condition, the two components, PMN and N400, were elicited and clarified clearly.,Context has an early effect, that is, PMN effect, on spoken-word recognition,The differences between the MMNs elicited by

17、comes and come recorded at FCz are shown for the experiments where these words were presented out of context (red curves) and in context (blue curves) The ungrammatical deviant stimulus elicited a larger MMN than the correct sentence at left-anterior recording sites and the cortical sources of the g

18、rammatical effects revealed a main source in the left frontal cortex.,(Pulvermller & Shtyrov, 2003),Grammar can be processed automatically,N400,N400,Processing of incongruous mental calculation problems- An arithmetic N400 effect,(MICHAEL NIEDEGGEN, FRANK RSLER and KERSTIN JOST, 1999),神经精神疾病的认知功能障碍： 认知过程 认知功能 脑机制及其评估,用ERP研究神经精神疾病？,（1）对病例的选择和说明要详细，是否得到治疗，效果如何等，有利于结果的说明； （2）详细说明实验过程中被试的表现情况； （3）临床研究中对照组的选择要与实验组尽量匹配； （4）实验设计是生命，实验技术是根本； （6）设计的简单性、被试任务的完成性； （7）溯源分析不是必要的，基本波形分析（潜伏期、幅值、脑区分布）更重要； （8）个案研究的重要性。,临床ERP研究的注意事项,The patients after head injury may notic