高中英语名词性从句详细讲解

1、名词性从句 noun clause,主语从句 subject clause,宾语从句 object clause,表语从句 predicative clause,同位语从句 appositive clause,请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句,What I want to do is taking a bath. I dont think he is an honest boy. The fact is that he stole the car. Do you know the man who is standing over there? It is said that they won t

2、he game.,(主从),(宾从),(表从),(定从),(主从),引导名词性从句的连接词： that（无意义，不可省，不充当任何成分） whether, if（“是否”）不可省，不充当任何成分） as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”） 以上在从句中均不充当任何成分,连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever 连接副词：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又

3、起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分.,连词的特征： 1. 是否可以省略(that) 2. 连接作用 3.是否有含义 4.是否充当成分,在复合句中作主语的从句.引导词有连词that，whether; 代词：who, what ,which;副词：when ,where, how, why等.,1.That he is a famous singer is known to us. (It is known to us that he is a famous singer.),2.When he will go to America is not yet fixed. (It is not yet

4、 fixed when he will go to America.),主语从句,1.It + be + 形容词 that从句,It is necessary / important/ that,2.It + be + -ed分词 that从句,It is believed that 人们相信 It is known to us all that . 众所周知,3.It + be + 名词 that从句,It is a surprise that . 令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 事实是,4.It + 不及物动词 that从句,It happens that . 碰巧 It

5、 occurred to me that 我突然想起,1_ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the pass word of your e-mail account. .(2005上海) A. What is required B .What requires C It is required D. It requires 2. The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” (2006 北京)

6、 A. This B. There is C .That is D. It is 3.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.(2004 上海) A .where B .what C .that D. how,Exercises,宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的 名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。,1.She did not know what had happened.,2. Our success depends u

7、pon how well we can cooperate with one another.,3. I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.,宾语从句,(作动词的宾语),(作介词的宾语),(作形容词的宾语),1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如： We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in noth

8、ing.,2. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if： a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作介词宾语时；d. 从句后有“or not”时；e. 后接动词不定式时。,Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?

9、 Everything depends on whether we have enough money. I wonder whether he will come or not. Can you tell me whether to go or to stay?,宾语从句中的“时态呼应”与“否定转移”,若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含 有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句 谓语用肯定式。例如：,He told me that he _ his jo

10、b. (已经完成了工作),时态呼应,否定转移,我认为他不会来这里.,I think he wont come here. ( ) I dont think he will come here. ( ),had finished,注意,宾语从句中用it作形式宾语,We think it our duty that we should help others.,注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。,我发现他两天之内完成工作是不可能的.,I find it impossible that he can finish the work in two

11、 days.,Exercises: “it”作形式主语或形式宾语：,1.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full A. it B. that C. these D. them 2. I feel _ strange that he should be so careless. A. / B. it C. that D. how 3. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. Awhile B. that Cif Dfor 4 Will you see to _ that the l

12、uggage is brought back? A. we B. yourself C. it D. them,A,B,B,C,在复合句中作主句的表语.引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句,1.问题是我们和他已失去联系. 2.这就是亨利怎么解决这个问题的. 3.天看起来要下雨了.,The problem is_,This is_.,It looks_.,that we have lost touch with him.,how Henry solved the problem.,as if it is going to rain.,需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表

13、语从句要用that引导而不是because。 The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning . 【注意】whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。,(1) They want to know _ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they (2) Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. whe

14、re Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put (3) Someone is ringing Mary. Go and see _. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is,B,C,I.语序问题,考点归纳,D,归纳,在名词性从句中，除了关联词在从句之首外，其它部分应用_的语序。,陈述,II. that 与whether / if 的选择：,(1) _ knowledge comes from practice

15、 is known to all. What B. Where C. If D. That (2) It makes no difference _ our sports meet will be held this week or next week. A. that B. either C. whether D. when (3) I doubt _ he will come soon. (4) I do not doubt _ he will come soon. (5) Do you doubt _ he will come soon?,D,C,whether / if,that,th

16、at,表示是否时用_,表示肯定时用_,归纳,whether /if,that,1._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind. 2._ the earth is round is known to us all. 3. _ he won the race was _ we expected.,that:,what:,_只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，没有词义,_起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语， 表示“所的”。,That,What,That,what,归纳,III. that， what引导名词性从句的区别,IV wha

17、t 与which的区别： 1.A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago. A.what B.which C.that D.where 2. As many as five courses are provided, and its hard for me to choose _suits me best. A. what B. which C. when D. where 归纳：1.充当成分 2.含义区别,A,A,B,. what why B. why; because C. why ; that D. tha

18、t; because,C,C,D,Consolidation:,4. _ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because 5. _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if 6. It is known to us _ where there is pollution, ther

19、e is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that,D,A,B,7. I have the information _. A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soon C. of that hell come soon D. his coming soon 8. - I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. - _ it made me nearly mad. A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break,B,A,9.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time. A. how B. that C. when D. w