国际商务函电Unit 8 Payment

1、,Unit 8 Terms of Payment 支付方式,Objectives,To know about payment terms To learn the phrases and expressions about payment To learn how to write a business letter about payment,Payment is one of the most important steps in international trade. The method of payment for each transaction is to be agreed

2、upon between the two trading parties at the time of placing an order. Three methods in general: Remittance 汇付 Collection 托收 L/C (letter of credit) 信用证,I. Introduction,1、 credit instruments 信用工具 2、 modes of payment 支付方式 3、 documents 单据,International Settlement 国际结算,International settlement Notes(票据)

3、Bill of Exchange/draft 汇票 Promissory Notes 本票 Check 支票,1.Credit Instruments 信用工具,Note/bill is an unconditional order in writing requiring the payer to pay a sum of money to the bearer or to the order of a third person at a fixed time.,International settlement Notes,Bill of Exchange（汇票）: is an uncond

4、itional order in writing prepared by one party (drawer) and addressed to another (drawee) directing the drawee to pay a specified sum of money to the order of a third person (payee), or to the bearer, on demand or at a fixed and determinable future time. Promissory Note（本票）: is an unconditional orde

5、r in writing made by one party (issuer) to pay a sum of money to the other (payee), either at a fixed or determinable future time or on demand of the payee, under specific terms. Check（支票）: is defined as an unconditional order in writing drawn on a bank (drawee) signed by the drawer, requiring a ban

6、k to pay on demand a certain sum of money to the order of a named person or to the bearer.,Sample for draft,2. Modes of Payment 支付方式,Remittance means the transfer of money from the buyer to the seller through a bank contracted. mail transfer (M/T) 信汇 telegraphic transfer (T/T) 电汇 demand draft (D/D)

7、票汇 Generally, only when the transactions are rather small and the finance involved is small too can remittance be accepted. Payment for samples postage, commissions and small orders is usually made by T/T.,Remittance 汇付,Remittance 汇付,T/T（电汇）: is a method of transferring funds by telecommunication sy

8、stem such as telex or cable. Though it is done at a fast speed, the cost is relatively high. But SWIFT(环球同业银行金融电信学会) members are able to transfer funds at a much lower cost. D/D（票汇）: the transfer can be made by a check that is sold to its customer. A bank instructs another branch/bank to pay upon de

9、mand a certain amount to the payee specified on the check. This check is called a bankers demand draft. M/T(信汇)：means to transfer money by mail.,Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication,汇款人向当地银行交付本国货币，由银行开具付款委托书（payment order），用航空邮寄交国外银行办理付出外汇业务。,Copyright 2009 by Lao Ping, From L

10、ingnan College, Sun Yat-sen University,Relevant parties in remittance,汇款人（Remitter） 受款人（Payee or Beneficiary） 汇出行（Remitting Bank） 汇入行（Paying Bank）,又称解付行,Copyright 2009 by Lao Ping, From Lingnan College, Sun Yat-sen University,T/T, M/T flow chart,Copyright 2009 by Lao Ping, From Lingnan College, Sun

11、Yat-sen University,SWIFT简介,SWIFT是“Society Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication”环球同业银行金融电讯协会”的英文简称。是国际银行同业间非营利性的国际合作组织，成立于一九七三年，总部设在比利时的布鲁塞尔。,Copyright 2009 by Lao Ping, From Lingnan College, Sun Yat-sen University,SWIFT的特点,1.SWIFT需要会员资格。我国的大多数专业银行都是其成员。 2.SWIFT的费用较低。同样多的内容，SWIFT的费用只有TELEX

12、（电传）的18%左右，只有CABLE（电报）的2.5%左右。 3.SWIFT的安全性较高。SWIFT的密押比电传的密押可靠性强、保密性高，且具有较高的自动化。 4.SWIFT的格式具有标准化。对于SWIFT电文，SWIFT组织有着统一的要求和格式。,Collection(托收) means that the exporter draws a draft after shipment and then instructs the bank to collect the amount of money from the importer. It includes: Documents agains

13、t Payment (D/P) 付款交单 D/P at sight 即期付款交单 D/P after sight 远期付款交单 Documents against Acceptance (D/A) 承兑交单,Collection 托收,Relevant parties involved,委托人（Principal） 托收行（Remitting Bank） 代收行（Collecting Bank） 提示行（Presenting Bank） 付款人（Payer）,Principal 委托人,Remitting bank 托收行,Collecting bank 代收行,Payer 付款人,1,3,7

14、,6,5,4,2,8,Collection 托收,D/P（付款交单）: means that the collecting bank will not transfer the shipping documents to the importer until he has paid the amount of money in question. D/P at sight （即期付款交单）：requires immediate payment by the importer to get hold of documents. D/P after sight （远期付款交单）: the impo

15、rter is given a certain period to make payment at 30, 45 or 60 days after presentation of the documents, but he is not allowed to get hold of the documents until he pay. D/A （承兑交单）： means that the collecting bank will transfer the shipping documents to the importer after he accepts the draft.,分析,D/P

16、远期与D/A是否为同一性质 出口商应加强对进口商的信用风险控制意识,代收行未完全执行托收行指示的责任问题,在一笔托收业务中，托收行在托收指示中规定：“DOCS TO BE RELEASED ONLY AGAINST ACCEPTANCE“以及“PAYMENT ON DUE DATE TO BE GUARANTEED BY XXX BANK（代收行）。TESTED TLX TO THIS EFFECT REQUIRED.”代收行办理承兑交单后，向托收行寄出承兑通知书，明确指出“THE BILL ACCEPTED BY DRAWEE”，到期日为1994年9月13日。不久，当托收行查询有关承兑情况时

17、，代收行复电再次告知“DOCS HAVE BEEN ACCEPTED BY DRAWEE TO MATURE ON 940913。”在上述承兑通知书及查询答复中，代收行均未标明担保货款，亦未发出承诺担保的电传：托收行亦未就此提出任何异议。承兑汇票到期后，进口商拒付货款，代收行即向托收行发出拒付通知。托收行认为托收指示中要求凭代收行到期付款的担保放单，而代收行已将单据放给付款人，因此要求立即付款。代收行反驳道，放单是基于付款人的承兑，代收行根据国际商会第522号出版物没有担保到期付款的责任。虽经多次交涉，此纠纷仍未得到解决。,案例分析,本案争论的焦点是代收行未完全执行托收指示的责任问题。 根据国

18、际商会522号文件关于托收指示的规定，如果代收行不能遵守指示，应当回复托收行，而代收行却未这样做，只是在托收行查询单据下落时才告知仅凭承兑放单。代收行违反了522号的规定。 托收行的指示不符合托收业务的基本原则，实际上改变了托收的性质。,托收项下的融资方式,买入票据 出口托收押汇（Collection Bill Purchased） 信托收据（Trust Receipt, T/R） 凭银行保函（bank guarantee）提货,出口托收押汇,是托收行买入出口商开立的以进口商为付款人的跟单汇票以及随附的商业单据，将货款扣除利息及费用后，净额付给出口商并通过国外代理行向进口商收款，以归还出口托收

19、押汇的一种融资方式。,信托收据（T/R）,是代收行在进口商对托收未付款前凭其提供的信托收据借出单据，便于他办理报关、提货及出售，取得的货款亦属代收行所有，只能向代收行付款并赎回信托收据。,Letter of Credit is an effective means to solve the commercial credit crisis between buyers and sellers. Since it is a bank credit, L/C can facilitate trade with unknown buyers and giving protection to both

20、 the sellers and the buyers.,Letter of Credit 信用证,As far as the sellers benefit is concerned, L/C D/P at sight D/P after sight D/A,The Operation flow of L/C,Letters for Payment,Letters regarding payment often fall into the following types: 1) discussing mode of payment 2) urging establishment of L/C

21、 3) amending L/C 4) asking for extension of L/C,Documents used in international settlement * Commercial Invoice 商业发票 * Packing List 装箱单 * Certificate of Origin 产地证 * Insurance Policy 保险单 * Marine Bill of Lading, B/L 海运提单 * Combined Transport Document, CTD 联合运输单据 * Airway Bill 空运单 * Railway Bill 铁路运单

22、,3. Documents 单据,国际惯例 International Custom（Practice） 1.跟单信用证统一惯例Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credit, ICC Publication No.500, UCP 500 2.托收统一规则Uniform Rules for Collection , URC 522 3.见索即付保函统一规则Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ,URDG458 由国际商会International Chamber of Commerce 制定,II. W

23、ords and Expressions,1. Banks,Merchants Bank 招商银行 Bank of China 中国银行 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China 中国工商银行 Agriculture Bank of China 农业银行 Construction Bank of China 建设银行 Citi Bank 花旗银行 Communications Bank of China 交通银行 Pudong Development Bank 浦东发展银行 Shenzhen Development Bank 深圳发展银行 HKBC 汇丰银

24、行 Standard Chartered Bank 渣打银行 The CITIC Bank 中信银行 China International Trust and Investment Corporation,2. Words and Phrases,discount 贴现 draft 汇票 Promisory Note 本票 cheque 支票 clean bill 光票 documentary bill 跟单汇票,Sight Bill 即期汇票 Time Bill 远期汇票 Usance Bill 远期汇票 Commercial Bill 商业汇票 Bankers Bill 银行汇票,Com

25、mercial Acceptance Bill 商业承兑汇票 Bankers Acceptance Bill 银行承兑汇票 invoice 发票 Performer Invoice 形式发票 Sample Invoice 样品发票 Consignment Invoice 寄售发票,Certified Invoice 证明发票 Manufacturers Invoice 厂商发票 remittance 汇付 Mail transfer (M/T) 信汇 Demand Draft (D/D) 票汇,At sight 即期，见票即付 At.days (month)after sight 付款人见票后

26、若干天（月）付款 At.days sight 付款人见票后若干天即付款 At.days after date 出票后若干天付款 At.days after B/L 提单签发后若干天付款,Documents against Payment (D/P) 付款交单 Documents against Payment at Sight (D/P sight) 即期付款交单 Documents against Payment after Sight (D/P sight) 远期付款交单 Documents against Acceptance (D/A) 承兑交单 Cash Against Docume

27、nts 凭单付款,Telegraphic Transfer (T/T) 电汇 collection 托收 clean Bill for Collection 光票托收 Documentary Bill for Collection 跟单托收 Uniform Rules for Collection 托收统一规则,Collection Advice 托收委托书 Advice of Clean Bill for Collection 光票托收委托书 Collection Bill Purchased 托收出口押汇 Trust Receipt 信托收据,3. Expressions,Now we h

28、ave settled the terms of payment. 现在我们已经谈妥了付款条件。 Shall we have a talk about terms of payment today? 我们今天谈谈付款条件怎么样？ What is the mode of payment you wish to employ? 您希望用什么方式付款？,This is the normal terms of payment in international business. 这是国际贸易中惯用的付款方式。 We cant accept any other terms of payment. 我们不

29、能接受其他的付款条件。 If you cant be more flexible, we wont accept your terms of payment. 如果你们不能灵活些，我们将不接受此种付款方式。,Please protect our draft on presentation. 请见票即付。 Your draft will be honoured on presentation. 你方的汇票见票即付。 The draft was discounted in New York. 汇票已经在纽约贴现。,Our draft No.36 was dishonored. 我们的第三十六号汇票

30、被拒付了。 Well be unable to meet these draft. 我们无力兑付这些汇票。 Weve drawn a clean draft on you for the value of this sample shipment. 我们已经开出光票向你方索取这批货的价款。,Weve drawn on you for payment of the invoice amounting to $20,000. 我们已经按照发票金额20，000美圆向你方开出了汇票。 The draft has been handed to the bank on clean collection.

31、汇票已经交银行按光票托收。 You can draw on me just as if there were a letter of credit. 您就当作有信用证一样，向我开汇票托收。,Were sending our draft through Bank of China for documentary collection. 我们将汇票交中国银行按跟单托收。 Well draw on you by our documentary draft at sight on collection basis. 我们将按托收方式向你方开出即期跟单汇票。,Well draw a sight bill

32、 in favour of the Export Bank Singapore. 我们要开立一张以新加坡出口银行为收款人的即期汇票。 Weve already remitted the amount by cheque. 我们已经将款以支票汇出。 We enclose a cheque for RMB200. 我们附上人民币200元的支票一张。,We regret we cant accept payment cash against document. 很抱歉，我们不能接受凭单付款办法。 Well agree to change the terms of payment from L/C a

33、t sight to D/P at sight. 我们同意将即期信用证付款方式改为即期付款交单。,We accept D/P payment for future dealings. 以后的交易我们以付款交单方式支付。 We can do the business on 60 days D/P basis. 我们可以按60天付款交单的方式进行交易。 We agree to draw at 30 days D/P. 我们同意开立30天期的付款交单汇票。,As a special sign of encouragement, well consider accepting payment by D/P at this sales-purchasing stage. 在此推销阶段，我们将考虑接受付款交单方式以资鼓励。 We regret we cant accept Cash against Documents on arrival of goods at destination. 很抱歉，我们不能同意“货抵目的地付款交单”方式付款。,The buyer suggested D/A as the terms of payment, but the seller was unwil