高中英语完形填空解题技巧课件

1、,深圳大学,华南理工大学,完形填空答题技巧,英语完形填空的主要特点,1. 通常从一篇250词左右，夹叙夹议的文章中设空20个，首句不挖空； 2. 考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出语篇的理解，突出文化背景; 3. 干扰项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用。,英语完形填空的命题趋势,1、突出语篇。 2、试题型稳定，选项独具匠心。 3、辨析词义，以实词为主。 4、记叙文为主，且第一局不设空。 5、生词量有增无减。 6、长句增加，句式灵活，结构复杂。,英语完形填空的失分原因分析,1、没有严

2、格遵循答题步骤： 多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-18分钟。 切记：一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空。 2、不注意积累答题技巧: a. 忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系; b. 遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择。,英语完形填空的考查内容,复 现,同 现,替 代,省 略,顺序关系,并列关系,分指关系,转折关系,解释关系,因果关系,语篇结构（语境理解）,语法项目,完形填空解题步骤,通览-试填-复核,1 通览-速读全文，把握大意,快速阅读

3、一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。,2 试填-紧扣文意，瞻前顾后 先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。,3 复核-全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确,试填后，要把全文再通读一遍 ，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。,解题技巧 1. 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。（同义词或反义词） 2. 注意固定搭配 3. 注意同义词的辨义 4.根据动

4、作的发出者确定所选的词 5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 6. 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项 7. 利用语法知识选出正确选项,解题技巧,1 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有可能是同义词或反义词。,1) Many old people dont have good _. They cant watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio .,A hearing B health C eyesight D time,2) Some parts of the water are ver

5、y shallow. But in some places it is very, very_. A. deep B.high C. cold D. dangerous,根据转折连词but的提示，所选的词应与shallow相反，因此选A,2 注意固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。,1）The city(Washington) was named_George Washington, the first president of the United States. A. by B. for C. as D. after,2)

6、 It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was _ tea at the time. A. cooking B. making C.burning D. serving,3 注意同义词的辨义,1）Soon I heard a _ like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D.shout,2). Give me a hand, he shouted_ he got near the boat. A.

7、while B. till C. for D. as,四个选项都可以表示时间。while强调一段时间内进行的动作，常与进行时连用；till表示的是动作持续到某时或到某时才开始；for表示的是动作持续了一段时间；as连接的是一个与谓语动作几乎同时发生的动词。答案应选D，表示他一边向船靠近一边大声喊。,4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词,1). And video cameras can be used to _peoples actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watch,2). When the papers were_ she disco

8、vered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test. A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answered,5 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项,有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。,常见的承接语有and,but,however,so,therefore,等。其中for one th

9、ingfor another等连接词表示列举；Firstand then,FirstNextThenFinally用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow,still,though,although表示让步关系；therefore,so表结果；because,since,due to,owing to表原因，等等。,1). A transistor radio is sometimes very small.It is very easy to carry_,radio broadcasts are better for blind people. A. Besides B. However

10、 C. Yet D. Sometimes,2). At first nothing happened,_ suddenly a large rat rushed out of the A.and B. or C. so D.then,6 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项,1）The space is left to let the rail expand（膨胀） when it gets _. A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dry,2),you _the international dateline.By agreement, this is the point where

11、 a new day_. A. see B. cross C. are D. are stopped by _A.is coming B is discovered C.is invented D. begins,the international dateline是国际日期变更线，是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为B 和D,7 利用语法知识选出正确选项,1）When Ed first phoned and _ we play, I laughed quietly,figuring on an easy victory.(NMET2011 , 37

12、题） A.declared B. mentioned C.persuaded D. suggested,2). I realized that_ I had done that， I would have lost a new friend and missed all the fun we would have together.(2009 北京 春季 53题） A.before B.if C. while D. as,3). As my father,_worked three jobs,once told me, （2009 北京 54题） A.he B. that C. who D.w

13、hoever,（11江西） The three youths leaned over the metal rails along the sea-wall and watched a few fishermen pull in their nets. About thirty metres away, a boat pulled alongside the slippery steps leading 36 to the sea. “Hey, look!” exclaimed Rahim. “Those two men are 37 heavy rocks. I thought we no l

14、onger do muscle labour in this technological 38 . ”“you dont 39 a crane (起重机)to unload less than a dozen rocks, do you?”smiled Joshua. “But those men dont 40 to have muscles at all,”said Michael,rather surprised .Joshua smiled. “They are 41 laborers who know how to spread the weight of the rocks the

15、y 42 . See how the man positions the rock just at the slope of his 43 .,36. A. through B. across C. down D. up 37.A.loading B.unloading C.covering D.uncovering 38. A. way B. revolution C. process D. era 39. A. ask B. expect C. attempt D. hope 40. A. happen B. fail C. have D. seem 41. A.ambitious B.

16、experienced C. potential D.energetic 42. A. take B. fetch C. carry D. bring 43. A. shoulder B. legs C. chest D. arms,原词重现,语境理解,词义,用法,排除法,语境-词义,词义辨析,常识,Some of the rocks weight is set 44 his head, some on the right hand and some on the left hand. His body isnt bent. His legs are well 45 . ” “Youre ri

17、ght, Josh. He may have a small build, 46 he certainly well knows his job. Dear me! And to think we have been studying 47 ! ” Rahim thought about all that was happening. Suddenly, he said, “Technology wont 48 the human being completely, it appears.” “I dont think it will. ” 49 Joshua. “You can harves

18、t a crop of potatoes or wheat with one of those large, multi-purpose tractors, but you 50 use that equipment to harvest tea leaves and tomatoes, will you?”,44.A. on B. against C.toward D. under 45.A.supported B.grasped C. placed D.strengthened 46.A. but B. however C. so D. therefore 47.A.chemistry B

19、. physics C. biology D. psychology 48.A. control B.affect C.remove D. replace 49.A. agreed B. proposed C. refused D. denied 50.A. cant B. mustnt C. wont D. neednt,常识 词义,词义辨析,转折关系,语境理解,词义语境,语境,原词重现,“You can get a computer to 51 multiple-choice assessments, but you cannot get the computer to assess essays, can you?” asked Michael. “Well, the washing machine leaves my shirt collar quite as 52 as ever - thats do