电子商务的新契机XMLebXML简介与未来发展

1、XML/ebXML簡介,1,電子商務的新契機 XML/ebXML簡介與未來發展,葉慶隆 大同大學 資訊工程系所 起点中文阅读 ,內容,What is XML Web Services RosettaNet ebXML,2,XML/ebXML簡介,What is XML?,Extensible Markup Language A syntax for documents A Meta-Markup Language A Structural and Semantic language, not a formatting language Not just for Web pages,3,XML/

2、ebXML簡介,HTML文件及呈現,國語流行 by 張信哲 Producer: 張信哲 Publisher: 新力唱片公司 Length: 6:20 Written: 2002 Artist: 張信哲 ,4,XML/ebXML簡介,XML文件, 國語流行 張信哲 張信哲 新力唱片公司 6:20 2002 張信哲 singer.jpg ,signer.xml,5,XML/ebXML簡介,XML文件及呈現, by file:./ 200 200 Producer: Publisher: Length: Written: Artist: ,點選singer.xml可在瀏覽器 看呈現結果,singer

3、.xsl,6,XML/ebXML簡介,Web Services,7,XML/ebXML簡介,XML/ebXML簡介,8,RosettaNet,前言,電子商務的發展 從提供型錄式資訊服務的電子商店(B2C)，演進到企業間(B2B)商業處理自動化。 企業間商業標準架構應運而生， RosettaNet、ebXML、BizTalk。,Company A,Company B,ERP,ERP,9,XML/ebXML簡介,B2B EC 演進,EDI,Business process and document integration,商業應用程式間的交談，達成企業間商業交易 建立在標準的商業流程及商業文件之上

4、， 因此標準的制定，便形成B2B EC的重要工作,10,XML/ebXML簡介,B2B EC標準架構,商業處理層 標準商業流程及商業文件， 技術服務層 安全可靠的溝通管道，做為上層運作的基礎,商業處理層,技術服務層,B2B EC 標準架構,各種標準 水平整合: ebXML 產業垂直整合: RosettaNet (資訊技術、電子零組件、及半導體製造業) 技術服務架構:BizTalk Framework,11,XML/ebXML簡介,RosettaNet,一個非營利協會所制定的企業間電子商務標準 主要目的是為高科技的資訊技術、電子零組件、及半導體製造產業建立供應鏈管理體系。 RosettaNet所

5、定的B2B EC是一個具有上層商業處理與下層技術服務的整體架構。 在上層商業處理方面，主要在於制定企業夥伴間標準商業處理程序。 依照功能性共分成七群(cluster)核心商業處理程序，包括交易夥伴及商品資訊之收集、維護，產品資訊之分送及更新，訂單管理，庫存管理，市場資訊管理，售後服務及支援，製造資訊之交換。 每一群又分成幾個段(segment)，每段含有幾個夥伴間程序介面(partner interface process, PIP)。 每個PIP定義程式對程式間以XML標準商業文件為基礎的對話程序。,12,XML/ebXML簡介,RosettaNet,從商業運作的角度來看，一個PIP主要內容

6、是特定的商業工作流程及其流程中所帶動的文件,為求文件一致， RosettaNet定義了商業和技術字典，前者為提供商業詞彙，後者為各行業的技術用語,RosettaNet制定了RNIF (RosettaNet Implementation Framework) ，當中定義了工作平台間訊息交換協定(protocol)，以支應上層PIP在文件遞送上的基礎,13,XML/ebXML簡介,RosettaNet標準內容為何,RosettaNet標準是集合高科技公司的專業知識，共創而成的非獨占性的電子商務方案，其內容包括 商業及技術字典 RosettaNet Business Dictionary、Roset

7、taNet Technical Dictionary 下層技術服務架構 RosettaNet Implementation Framework (RNIF) 商業訊息及程序規範 RosettaNet Partner Interface Processes(PIPs) 以上標準規範可由免費取得,14,XML/ebXML簡介,XML/ebXML簡介,15,RosettaNet的技術面,RosettaNet的技術概念,備妥內容 放入信封 送出,交易夥伴,提出需求的交易夥伴準備好商業文件，載明需求內容,16,XML/ebXML簡介,RosettaNet的技術概念,T

8、rading Partner,備妥內容 放入信封 送出,交易夥伴,備妥的商業文件包裝成XML及MIME規格做成的傳輸信封內,17,XML/ebXML簡介,RosettaNet的技術概念,Trading Partner,備妥內容 放入信封 送出,交易夥伴,用預定的埠際協定(HTTP(s)、SMTP等)送到交易夥伴的URI,18,XML/ebXML簡介,RosettaNet的技術概念,Trading Partner,備妥內容 放入信封 送出,交易夥伴,交易夥伴收到信件,Trading Partner,收文 解開信封 處理內容,交易夥伴,19,XML/ebXML簡介,RosettaNet的技術概念,

9、Trading Partner,備妥內容 放入信封 送出,交易夥伴,Trading Partner,收文 解開信封 處理內容,交易夥伴,解開以檢驗信封內的處理資訊及商業文件是否正確,20,XML/ebXML簡介,RosettaNet的技術概念,Trading Partner,備妥內容 放入信封 送出,交易夥伴,Trading Partner,收文 解開信封 處理內容,交易夥伴,根據RosettaNet規範處理驗證過後的商業文件及程序,21,XML/ebXML簡介,RosettaNet的技術概念,Trading Partner,備妥內容 放入信封 送出,交易夥伴,Trading Partner,

10、收文 解開信封 處理內容,交易夥伴,將回應的內容以信封包裝後回覆,22,XML/ebXML簡介,RosettaNet的技術概念,Trading Partner,備妥內容 放入信封 送出,交易夥伴,Trading Partner,收文 解開信封 處理內容,交易夥伴,交易夥伴間以此模式，依照RosettaNet規範繼續交談直到完成商業程序,23,XML/ebXML簡介,RosettaNet的技術構件,Partner Interface Processes (PIPsTM) Dictionaries and Codes RosettaNet Implementation Framework (RNI

11、F) Core,24,XML/ebXML簡介,技術構件PIP,整合式的商業程序，其中規範了 商業文件的結構及格式 參與商業活動的交易夥伴的活動、決策、及角色扮演,25,XML/ebXML簡介,技術構件PIP,分類方式是依照高階商業功能(cluster)及次功能(segment)而訂,26,XML/ebXML簡介,技術構件PIP,PIP規範是可供下載的.zip檔放在rosettanet網站，內容包括 規格書(.doc) + 勘誤表 XML DTD說明商業文件的結構內容 訊息使用說明 編碼、定義、訊息出現次數,27,XML/ebXML簡介,技術構件PIP,規範是遵循Open-EDI Referen

12、ce Model (ISO/IEC 14662)的概念制定而成，包括 商業運作觀點(Business Operational View, BOV) 以商業角度看待商業交易 功能服務觀點(Functional Service View, FSV) 以技術角度看待商業交易 製作架構觀點(Implementation Framework View, IFV) RosettaNet下層技術服務製作的架構,28,XML/ebXML簡介,PIP BOV,29,XML/ebXML簡介,Table 3-3: Business Activity Performance Controls,Activity Nam

13、e,Acknowledgment of Receipt,Time to Acknowledge Acceptance,Time to Perform,Retry Count,Is Authorization Required?,Non-Repudiation of Origin and Content?,Non-Repudiation Required?,Time to Acknowledge,Buyer,Create Purchase Order,Y,2hr,24hr,24hr,3,Y,Y,Buyer,Cancel Purchase Order,Y,2hr,24hr,24hr,3,Y,Y,B

14、uyer,Revise Purchase Order,Y,2hr,24hr,24hr,3,Y,Y,Role Name,PIPTM3A4 在BOV下的程序控制,30,XML/ebXML簡介,:Buyer,1. request(:PurchaseOrderRequestAction),1.1. signal(:ReceiptAcknowledgement),2. response(:PurchaseOrderAcceptanceAction),2.1. signal(:ReceiptAcknowledgement),:Seller,Purchase Order Request Dialog,PIP

15、TM3A4 FSV下的商業交易對話,31,XML/ebXML簡介,Purchase Order Request Dialog,Table 51: Business Message and Communications Specification,#,Business Message Guideline,Digital Signature Required?,SSL Required?,1.,Purchase Order Request Guideline,Y,Y,1.1,Receipt Acknowledgement Guideline,Y,Y,2.,Purchase Order Accept

16、ance Guideline,Y,Y,2.1,Receipt Acknowledgement Guideline,Y,Y,PIPTM3A4 IFV,32,XML/ebXML簡介,PIPTM3A4 XML DTD, !ELEMENT PurchaseOrder ( deliverTo? , comment? , GlobalPurchaseOrderStatusCode ,33,XML/ebXML簡介,PIP摘要,Trading Partner,備妥內容 放入信封 送出,交易夥伴,Trading Partner,收文 解開信封 處理內容,交易夥伴,PIP規定一個特定商業活動商業文件的結構及格式

17、商業文件表示成XML文件,PIP也規定交易夥伴間交換文件的協定,34,XML/ebXML簡介,技術構件字典,Trading Partner,備妥內容 放入信封 送出,交易夥伴,Trading Partner,收文 解開信封 處理內容,交易夥伴,字典,字典,35,XML/ebXML簡介,標準碼及字典,交易夥伴識別號 (DUNS) 產品識別號 產品編號 (GTIN) 產品分類 (UN/SPSC) 產品說明 (Dictionaries),36,XML/ebXML簡介,標準碼及字典的使用時機,交易夥伴識別號(DUNS) PIPsTM 用來識別交易夥伴及其位址 產品識別號(GTIN) PIPs用來識別產

18、品 產品識別號(UN/SPSC) 產品資訊類的PIP (Cluster 2) 用其來當作類別代號,37,XML/ebXML簡介,Technical Dictionaries,RosettaNet Technical Dictionary (Information Technology (IT) & Electronic Components (EC) Organizes product descriptions into reusable atomic properties and relationships Used to search electronic catalogs, mainta

19、in technical information databases, generate technical spec sheets, etc.,38,XML/ebXML簡介,Product Specification,Technical Dictionary Parametric Database of Product Characteristics Describes Product Form, Fit and Function Electronically Searchable Product Configuration / Design PIPsTM,39,XML/ebXML簡介,Te

20、chnical Dictionary Example,Product Class: RESISTORFIXED NETWORKS Class Characteristics: Rated Dissipation: 0.100 Watt 70 C Resistance: 2200 Ohms Resistance Tolerance: 5% Rated Voltage: 14.83V Limiting Element Voltage: 50V Max Category Temperature Range: -55 C to +125C Temperature Coefficient: 100 PP

21、M / C Resistor Interconnection: Independent Circuit Terminal Placement: QSOP Number of Resistance Elements: 8 Number of Terminals: 16 Rated Dissipation for the Network: 0.75 watts 70C Terminal Shape: gull-wing Resistive Material: Metal Film (Thin-Film),40,XML/ebXML簡介,Technical Dictionary Advantages,

22、Electronically Searchable Catalog Supports More Detail than Part Number Can be Integrated with Product Data Management (PDM) and Computer Aided Design (CAD),41,XML/ebXML簡介,Technical Components - RNIF,RosettaNet Implementation Framework Core RNIF (usually pronounced R-NIF) RNIF 1.1 Defines RosettaNet

23、 Object (RNO), RNIF 2.0 Defines RosettaNet Business Message Specifies how to transport RosettaNet Objects and Business Messages between trading partners network applications (Remember those PIPsTM? This is how the Business Document Payload is packaged and transported.),42,XML/ebXML簡介,Technical Compo

24、nents - RNIF,Trading Partner,備妥內容 放入信封 送出,交易夥伴,Trading Partner,收文 解開信封 處理內容,交易夥伴,RNIF制定以XML及MIMI為依據的“信封套”，以便放入商業文件,43,XML/ebXML簡介,Technical Components - RNIF,RosettaNet Object (RNO),Service Header,Preamble Header,+,+,Digital Signature,RNIF Version ID,+,+,MIME Packaging,Service Message,RosettaNet Bus

25、iness Message,Service Header,Preamble Header,+,MIME Packaging,Encrypted Payload Container,Delivery Header,Digital Signature,S/MIME Envelope,+,+,+,RNIF 1.1,RNIF 2.0,+,Attach- ments,Service Content,RosettaNet Business Document,44,XML/ebXML簡介,XML/ebXML簡介,45,ebXML,What Is ebXML,ebXML = Electronic Busine

26、ss XML Global standard for electronic business ebXML enables anyone, anywhere to do business with anyone else over the Internet Specifically designed to support SME Complementary to existing B2B initiatives (UDDI, RosettaNet, TadeXchange, etc.),An end-to-end B2B XML Framework,46,XML/ebXML簡介,Sponsore

27、d by ,UN/CEFACT (United Nations Center for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business) OASIS (Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards) Hundreds of participants from all over the world, businesses, governments, academia, institutions,47,XML/ebXML簡介,ebXML Vision,A global e

28、lectronic market place where enterprises of any size, anywhere can: Find each other electronically And conduct business Using XML messages According to standard business process sequence With clear business semantics According to standard or mutually agreed trading partner protocol agreements Using

29、off the shelf purchased business applications,48,XML/ebXML簡介,ebXML技術架構,49,XML/ebXML簡介,ebXML基礎結構元件,交易夥伴的資訊（CPP與CPA） 商業程序與資訊模型（Business Process and Information Modeling） 核心元件與核心資料庫的機能（Core Components and Core Library Functionality） 註冊機制及儲存庫的機能（Repository and Registry Functionality） 訊息服務的機能（Messaging S

30、ervice Functionality）。,50,XML/ebXML簡介,交易夥伴的資訊 CPP and CPA,Collaboration Partner Profile, CPP 內容： 合作夥伴的基本資訊、在電子商務裡所扮演的角色與所提供的各項服務。 CPP allows Trading Partners to find one another, discover the Business Process that other Trading Partners support Collaboration Partner Agreement, CPA 主要由合作夥伴協商出來交易過程的協議

31、書，所以主要的內容包括： 參與交易夥伴的CPP資訊、交易媒介的協定與交易過程的細節。,51,XML/ebXML簡介,CPP Structure, . . . text ,52,XML/ebXML簡介,CPP,An XML document, rooted with CollaborationProtocolProfile element.,CollaborationProtocolProfile,PartyInfo+,Packaging+,ds:Signature?,Comment*,53,XML/ebXML簡介,CPP,PartyInfo describes the company desc

32、ribed in the CPP,PartyInfo,PartyId,PartyRef,CollaborationRole,Certificate,DeliveryChannel,Transport,DocExchange,54,XML/ebXML簡介,CPP,The CollaborationRole element contains the data describing the parts or functions played by the company in business processes supported by that company.,CollaborationRol

33、e,ProcessSpecification,Role,CertificateRef,ServiceBinding,id,ds:reference,name,version,xlink:type,xlink:href,name,xlink:type,xlink:href,certId,name,channelId,Packaging,override,55,XML/ebXML簡介,CPA Structure, 1988-04-07T18:39:09 1990-04-07T18:40:00 any combination of text and elements any text ,56,XML

34、/ebXML簡介,Any Party may register its CPPs to an ebXML Registry. Party B discovers trading partner A (Seller) by searching in the Registry and downloads CPP(A) to Party Bs server. Party B creates CPA(A,B) and sends CPA(A,B) to Party A. Parties A and B negotiate and store identical copies of the comple

35、ted CPA as a document in both servers. This process is done manually or automatically. Parties A and B configure their run-time systems with the information in the CPA. Parties A and B do business under the new CPA.,CPP(A),CPP(B),CPP(X),CPP(Y),CPP(Z),1.,1.,CPA(A,B),CPA(A,B),(Document),(Exec. codet),

36、CPA(A,B),CPA(A,B),(Document),(Exec. codet),2.,3.,4.,5.,5.,6.,Party A (Seller, Server),Party B (Buyer, Server),Registry,Working Architecture of CPP/CPA,57,XML/ebXML簡介,商業程序與資訊模型 Business Process and Information Modeling,商業程序與資訊模組（Business Process與Information Modeling） 商業過程的模組 主要規定如何描述商業過程的方法。 能夠使用模組工具

37、來表示電子商務裡的動詞。 定義規格書裡允許公司來表達它的商業過程，因此他們可被其他商業夥伴所了解的。 資訊模型 主要能夠在商業環境的條件之內，應用一個標準的方法來定義可重用的部分。.,58,XML/ebXML簡介,Business Process Schema Concept,59,XML/ebXML簡介,Business Process Schema in XML,60,XML/ebXML簡介,ebXML Business Process Specification Schema and other ebXML Components,61,XML/ebXML簡介,CPP和商業程序規範的結構關

38、係,註冊服務處,PartyInfo PartyID=01 ProcessSpecification xlink:href=“http:/ PartyInfo PartyID=002 ProcessSpecification xlink:href=“http:/,CPP(A),Business collaboration,Business collaboration,Process specification(A1),Process specification(A2),62,XML/ebXML簡介,核心成分及核心庫功能 Core Components and Core Library Funct

39、ionality,A Core Component captures information about a real world business concept, and the relationships between that concept, other Business Information Objects, and a contextual description that describes how a Core or Aggregate Information Entity may be used in a particular ebXML eBusiness scena

40、rio.,63,XML/ebXML簡介,核心成分及核心庫功能 Core Components and Core Library Functionality,Common reusable data items cutting across many industries For example, a typical traveler is called a passenger, when passing at the gate and entering the plane, a customer, when buying a gift at a retail outlet, a shipper

41、, when sending the gift home, a guest, with the help of a hotel concierge. This same individual, with the dame identification data may pay for these items with the same credit cards.,64,XML/ebXML簡介,註冊服務功能,An ebXML Registry provides a set of services that enable the sharing of information between Trading Partners. A Registry is a component that maintains an interface to metadata for