新视野大学英语第三版第三册unit-7-Section-A.pptx

1、FOREIGHLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSAIRFORCEENGINEERINGUNIVERSITY,SectionA,3,Survivinganeconomiccrisis,Objectives,Survivinganeconomiccrisis,SectionA,1.Howdoeseconomicrecessionaffectordinarypeople?,Longmonthsofstruggles;Harshreality;Losingjobs;Losingapartment;Losinghighlivingstandards;Losingstatus

2、;Losingbeliefandself-esteem;,2.Doyouhaveanysolutionstoeconomiccrisis?,Togobeyondshort-termfinancialrescuesolutions;Toseeklong-termtransformation;Toconstructasysteminwhichmarketforcesarecheckedthroughethicalregulationsandoversight;Toconstructaframeworkofcommonvalues.,VideoWatching,1.Howdoyouunderstan

3、dglobaleconomicmeltdown?,Severeandsuddendeterioration;Worldwiderecession;Resultinginhugefinancialloss;Creditcrunch;Stockmarketcrash.,2.WhatisUSgovernmentsfirstresponsetotheeconomiccrisis?,TobailoutthebankswithTRAP(Troubled-AssetReliefProgram)soastohelpbanksgetridoftoxicassets.,Theeconomic_isclaiming

4、anothervictim:worldtrade.LastmonththeWorldBankpredictedatwopercent_thisyearthelargestdropsincethe1940s.Economiesthatdependonexportsforgrowthhavebeenhithard.,ThisistheVOASpecialEnglishEconomicsReport.,Listentoashortpassageconcerningeconomiccrisisandfillinthemissinginformation.,crisis,decrease,Tobecon

5、tinued,Credithasimprovedinsomecasessincethefinancialcrisis_inSeptember.Butfallingdemand,includingreduceddemandforoil,hascuttradearoundtheworld.TheInternationalMonetaryFundrecentlycalledforgovernmentspending,taxcutsandinternational_tosupportgrowth.,worsened,cooperation,Tobecontinued,Listentoashortpas

6、sageconcerningeconomiccrisisandfillinthemissinginformation.,Toeasecredit,theBankofEnglandlastweekreduceditsmaininterestratetooneandone-halfpercentitslowestever.Thebankwas_in1694.Britainseconomymayhave_byonepercentjustinthefinalthreemonthsoflastyear.Thefirst_areexpectedattheendofJanuary.,established,

7、shrunk,Tobecontinued,estimates,Listentoashortpassageconcerningeconomiccrisisandfillinthemissinginformation.,Thisweek,Germanys_agreedtoaneconomicaidpackageworthabout67billiondollars.Thetwo-yearplancallsforspendingonpublicworksandataxcutforlow-incomeGermans.Criticsconsideredanearliermeasuretoosmallto_

8、inEuropeslargesteconomy.,coalitiongovernment,fighttherecession,Listentoashortpassageconcerningeconomiccrisisandfillinthemissinginformation.,1.Whatiseconomiccrisis?,Suddendownturn;Financialcrisis;FallingGDP;Dryingupofliquidity;Rising/fallingprices.,2.Whatdoesmortgagereferto?,Alegalagreement;Thepurcha

9、seofrealestate;Paymentperiods;Interestrates.,3.WhattriggeredUSsubprimemortgagecrisis?,Anationalbankingemergency;Alargedeclineinhomeprices;Declinesinresidentialinvestment;Reductionsinhouseholdspendingandbusinessinvestment;Mortgagedelinquenciesandforeclosures;Thedevaluationofhousing-relatedsecurities.

10、,Survivinganeconomiccrisis,SectionA,Whatwastheconsequencewhenlargenumbersofhomeownersfailedtorepaytheirloans?(Para.1),Whatwere“99ers”?(Para.4),Whatdidtheunemploymentbenefitsmeantothelayoffs?(Para.5),unemploymentbenefits,Suewasa“99er”.(Para.4),Unemploymentbenefitswereher_.(Para.5),lifeline,shebeganto

11、tumbleoverthe_.(Para.6),economiccliff,WhydoestheauthorsaySuespenteachdaylikeapingpongball?(Para.7),Beliefandconfidence,Shelter,Education,Livingstandard,HowdidtheeconomiccrisisaffectSueslife?(Paras.7-13),Income,Self-esteem,WhydidSuethinktheonlyhelpshewasgoingtogetwasfromherself?(Para.14),Whatnewstrug

12、glesandobstaclesdidSuehavetofacewhensheappliedforajob?(Para.16),DoyouthinkSueslifewillbebetterandbetterafterherreceiving$300cashfromheroldfriend?(Para.17),SurvivinganeconomiccrisisThe_originatedintheUnitedStates.Theauthoritiesfailedtotakeeffectivemeasurestoregulatethe_,whoseeffectssoonspiraledintoth

13、eUSjobmarketas_and_.Consequently,manypeopleexperiencedlongmonthsofstrugglejustlikeSue.,economicslump,mortgage,layoffs,Tobecontinued,terminations,Afterbeing_herapartment,Suepackedupherbelongingsanddroveoutoftown.Shefinally_atamotelwhereshehadtopayadepositof$260whichshehadmanagedto_fromfriendsandfroms

14、ellingherlivingroomset.Suebecame“99er”becauseshehadexhaustedthemaximum99weeksof_insurancebenefits.,evictedfrom,woundup,scrape,unemploymentinsurancebenefits,Tobecontinued,together,Shelostherincome,thelifeofcomfortandrespect,theopportunitiesforaneducation.Evenworse,amunicipalcouncilgaveher10daystoleav

15、eherapartment_becauseshewas_bybureaucracyforhernotpayingtherent.Thesuddenworsening_madeSueloseherbeliefandconfidentinlife.Herendeavortofighttheharshrealityonlygavewaytoafeelingof_.,helplessness,forgood,caughtupwith,livingconditions,34,把打包,Wearrivedtoolatefortheconcert,justasthemusicianswerealreadypa

16、ckinguptheirinstruments.,packup,短语逆译,短语应用,音乐会我们到场太迟了，音乐家们都已经在收拾乐器了。,意群提示,(toolatefor/packup/instrumen),35,以告终,Inextremesports(suchasparachuting),youtaketheriskthatyoumaywindupseriouslyinjuredorevendead.,windup,短语逆译,短语应用,在极限运动（比如跳伞）中，你可能会冒严重受伤甚至赔上性命的风险。,意群提示,(extremesports/parachutejump/taketherisk/w

17、indup),勉强筹集，凑足,Theyhardlyscrapeupenoughmoneyforthetrainfare.,scrapesth.together/up,短语逆译,短语应用,他们几乎连火车票的钱都凑不齐。,意群提示,(hardly/scrapeup/trainfare),栖身之所；住处,Findingaroofovertheirheadhasbecomearealproblemforthousandsofyoungpeopleseekingahomeoftheirown.,aroofoveroneshead,短语逆译,短语应用,对成千上万想有一个家的年轻人来说，找到可以栖身的房子实

18、在是一个难题。,意群提示,(aroofoveroneshead/thousandsof/seekahome),抓住并惩罚（某人）,Thelawcaughtupwithhimfor10yearsoffailingtopaychildsupporttohisex-wifeforhistwochildren.,catchupwithsb.,短语逆译,短语应用,他由于有十年都未支付给前妻和两个孩子的抚养费而受到法律的制裁。,意群提示,(catchupwithsb./failto/paychildsupport),永远,Theinjurymaykeephimoutoffootballforgood.,短

19、语逆译,短语应用,这次受伤可能会使他永远告别足球。,意群提示,forgood,(keepoutof/forgood),苏明白自己最终很可能以车为家。,原句译文,逆译练习,Sueknewthatinalllikelihood,shewouldenduplivinginhercar.(Para.4,L1),句型提炼,Sb.knowsthatinalllikelihood,句型提炼,应用提示,用于描述“某人对事情的判断”。,句型应用,典型例句,权威人士们明白如果物价继续攀升，消费者极有可能会勒紧裤腰带而更加谨慎地购物。,意群提示,Theauthoritiesknewthatinalllikeliho

20、od,consumerswouldbemorecarefulabouttheirpurchasesandtightentheirbeltsifpriceskeepclimbing.,(authorities/tightenonesbelts/keepclimbing),她不知道自己还能否重温那舒适而又受人尊敬的生活。,原句译文,逆译练习,Shewonderedifshewouldeveragainbeabletoreclaimthatlifeofcomfortandrespect.(Para.11,L1-2),句型提炼,Sb.wondersifhe/shewilleveragaindosth.

21、,句型提炼,应用提示,用于表达“某人是否能达到从前的状态”。,句型应用,典型例句,曾经辉煌的球队不知道他们还能否再次赢得世界杯的比赛。,意群提示,Thesoccerteam,whichusedtogrowintoitsglory,wonderediftheywouldeveragainwintheWorldCup.,(growintotheglory/wintheWorldCup),她还担心要是手机因为欠费停机了怎么办？别人拨打她的号码，就如石沉大海，她无法接听。,原句译文,逆译练习,Sheworriedaboutwhatwouldhappenwhenhercellphonewascutoff

22、fornon-payment,andcallstohernumberwoulddisappearintoaninvisibleworldshecouldnotreach.(Para.16,L2-4),句型提炼,Sb.worriesaboutwhatwillhappenwhen.,句型提炼,应用提示,用于描述“某人对事情的担心”。,句型应用,典型例句,年迈而贫穷的老人担心要是自己像寄生虫一样的儿子回家找他要钱怎么办？,意群提示,Thepooragingmanworriedaboutwhatwouldhappenwhenhissonreturnedtohimaskingformoneylikeap

23、arasite.,(agingman/likeaparasite),Whichdoyouthinkisimportantforthegovernment,toregulateeconomicactivities,ortoallowthemarketcompletefreedom?,Tips,Womenandchildrensuffermost:Womenareamongthefirsttolosejob;havingtoworkhardertoseekadditionalincome;spendinglessonnurtureandcare.Womenandchildrenlackvoicea

24、ndpowerwhichcontributetoabuseandexploitation.,Whosufferthemostsevereimpactinaneconomicdownturn?How?,2.Inwhatsenseistheestablishmentofasocialsecuritysystemimportanttoeconomicdevelopment?,Tobeasourceofincome;Toreducepoverty;Toimprovethestandardofliving;Tostabilizesociety;Tostimulatedomesticdemand;Topr

25、omoteeconomicgrowth.,Toextendtheperiodofunemploymentinsurancebenefitsforpeople;Tocreatejobopportunitiestohelpthemwithemployment.,3.WhatinitiativesshouldthegovernmentundertaketosavepeoplelikeSueformfeelingdespaired?,Itisimportantforthegovernmenttoregulateeconomicactivitiesinaneconomysoasto:1)protectt

26、heenvironment;2)helppeoplewhomaybetooyoung,tooold,tooillorotherwiseunable;3)maintaineconomicstability.,4.Whichdoyouthinkisimportantforthegovernment,toregulateeconomicactivities,ortoallowthemarketcompletefreedom?,tobecontinued,Itisimportantforthegovernmenttoallowthemarketcompletefreedom:1)Freemarkete

27、conomyisdrivenbyindividualinnovationandthenotionthathardworkandcreativitywillberewardedbysuccess.2)Itmakeusstrivetodoourbest,leadingtomorevaluecreation.,4.Whichdoyouthinkisimportantforthegovernment,toregulateeconomicactivities,ortoallowthemarketcompletefreedom?,Howdoyouunderstandthefollowingquotes“农

28、业生产是我们经济建设的第一位。”and“MercantilismwasdominantinancientEuropewhichfrequentlyledtowarandalsomotivatedcolonialexpansion.”?,AccordingtoChairmanMao,themainstreamoftheeconomicconstructionofChinawasbasedontheagriculturalindustry.Theagriculturalsociety,whichlastedforseveralthousandyears,exertedastronginfluenc

29、eonthedevelopmentoftheChineseculture.So,theagriculturaleconomyalwayshasaleadingroleinChina.,tobecontinued,ButMarxWeberthoughtancientEuropeanswerecharacterisedasoceancivilization.Theycannotbeself-sufficentinfoodandthereforecreatingoverseascolonies.Theypromotedmanufacturingthroughresearchordirectsubsi

30、diesandalargeworkingpopulationwasencouraged.,Howdoyouunderstandthefollowingquotes“农业生产是我们经济建设的第一位。”and“MercantilismwasdominantinancientEuropewhichfrequentlyledtowarandalsomotivatedcolonialexpansion.”?,Q1:WhatistheirtoppriorityasacountryaccordingtoUSpresidentObama?,Tips,Q2:HowisObamacallingonCongress

31、toextendunemploymentbenefits?,Watchavideoclipanddiscussthequestions.,VideoWatching,Tips,Criticalthinking,Back,Criticalthinking,1.WhatistheirtoppriorityasacountryaccordingtoUSpresidentObama?,AccordingtoObama,theirtoppriorityshouldberestoringopportunityandbroad-basedeconomicgrowthforallAmericans.,Crit

32、icalthinking,AccordingtoObama,unemploymentinsuranceisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoboosttheeconomy.IfmembersofCongressdontextendunemploymentinsurancebeforetheyleaveontheirvocations,1.3millionAmericanswilllosethislifeline.Itwontonlyhurtfamiliesalreadystruggling,butalsoharmUSeconomy.,2.HowisObamacallingo

33、nCongresstoextendunemploymentbenefits?,tobecontinued,Criticalthinking,Theevidenceshowsthatunemploymentinsurancedoesntstoppeoplefromtryinghardtofindwork.Withouttheabilitytofeedtheirfamiliesorpaythebills,manypeoplecurrentlylookingforworkcouldstoplookingforgood.TheAmericanswhoaredesperatelylookingforwo

34、rkshouldbegiventhehelptheyneedsothattheycankeeponlooking.,tobecontinued,2.HowisObamacallingonCongresstoextendunemploymentbenefits?,Criticalthinking,Finally,heiscallingonCongresstomakeiteasierforbusinesstoattractmorecustomersandtokeepdoingeverythingtheycantomakeAmericaaplacewhereanyonewhoworkshardhas

35、achancetogetahead.,2.HowisObamacallingonCongresstoextendunemploymentbenefits?,Criticalthinking,Survivinganeconomiccrisis,SectionA,Furtherdevelopacause-and-effectessayWhenusingthewritingthetechniqueforcauseandeffect,wehavetoconsidertwostrategicpoints:Whetherweareexploringcausesoreffectsorboth;Whatist

36、heorderofthecausesoreffectswearegoingtofollow,e.g.fromtheleasttothemostimportantorviceversa.,tobecontinued,Writingdevices,Thepurposeofcause-and-effectessaysToexplaintoreaders:thecauseofaneventorsituation;theeffectsofaneventorsituation;bothcausesandeffects.,tobecontinued,Writingdevices,Whatshouldwefo

37、cusonwhenwritingthistypeofessay?Thetypeofessaywewritedependsonourtopicandmainpoint.Ifwewanttoexplainwhywemovedoutofourfamilyhome,ouressaywouldfocusoncauses.Ifwewanttotellreaderstheimpactapersonhadonourlife,ouressaywouldfocusoneffects.Inthisunit,wedliketodrawstudentsattentiontoeffects.,tobecontinued,

38、Writingdevices,Fourbaseschecklistforcause-and-effect:1.AboutunityDoestheessayhaveaclearlystatedthesis?Isthereanyirrelevantmaterialthatshouldbeeliminated?,tobecontinued,Writingdevices,Fourbaseschecklistforcause-and-effect:2.AboutcoherenceHaveIusedtransitionalwordstohelpreadersfollowmytrainofthought?H

39、aveIprovidedaconcludingparagraphtowrapuptheessay?,tobecontinued,Writingdevices,Fourbaseschecklistforcause-and-effect:3.AboutsentenceskillsHaveIusedconsistentpointofviewthroughoutmyessay?HaveIusedspecificratherthangeneralwords?HaveIavoidedwordinessandusedconcisewording?Aremysentencesvaried?HaveIcheck

40、edforspellingandothersentenceskills?,Writingdevices,LetslookatParagraph1&Paragraphs7-13ofTextAtoseehowcause-and-effectmethodisusedtodevelopideas:,Writingdevices,tobecontinued,ParagraphIistheintroductionofthepassage,servingastherootcausewhysomanypeopleexperiencedlongmonthsofstruggleswheneconomicslump

41、sweptacrossthenation.,Cause,Analysisofthetext,Herlossofincome.(Para.7),Effects,Herlossofhighlivingstandard.(Para.8),Herunfinishededucation.(Para.9),Herlossofshelter.(Para.10),Herlossofbeliefandconfidenceinlife.(Para.11),Herlossofself-esteem.(Paras.12-13),Writingdevices,Readthesampleessayandseehowthe

42、effectsaredeveloped.,Writingdevices,Topic:CareeropportunitiescreatedbytheagingpopulationIntroduction:Thesisstatement:TheagingpopulationinAmericacreatescareeropportunities.,tobecontinued,Writingdevices,Body:Effect1:Medicalandhealthprofessions,aswellasotherprofessions,areneeded.Effect2:Lawyersareinnee

43、d.Effect3:Businessmenseehugeopportunities.,tobecontinued,Conclusion:TheexpansionofAmericaselderlypopulationwillprovidedgoodjobopportunitiesinmanyareas.,Writingdevices,Sample:Oldissuddenlyin.By2050,25percentofallAmericanswillolderthan65,upfrom14percentin1995.Thechangeposesprofoundquestionsforthegover

44、nmentandsociety,ofcourse.Butitalsocreatescareeropportunitiesinthemedicalandhealthprofessions,inlaw,andinbusiness.,tobecontinued,Writingdevices,Sample:Medicalandhealthprofessions,aswellasotherprofessions,areimperativelyneeded.“Inadditiontophysicians,weregoingtoneedmoresociologists,biologists,andurban

45、planners,”saysprofessorEdwardSchneideroftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornias(USC)schoolofGerontology(老年学).Lawyerscanspecializein“elderlaw”,whichcoverseverythingfromtrustsandestateplanningtonursing-homeabuseandagediscrimination.,tobecontinued,Writingdevices,Sample:Businessmenseehugeopportunitiesintheel

46、dermarketbecausethebabyboomers,74millionstrong,arelikelytobethewealthiestgroupofretireesinhumanhistory.“Anystudentwhocombinesanexpertknowledgeingerontologywith,say,anMBAorlawdegreewillhavealicensetoprintmoney,”oneprofessorsays.,tobecontinued,Writingdevices,Sample:MargariteSantosisa21-year-oldseniora

47、tUSC.Shebegancollegeabiologymajorbutfoundshewas“reallyboredwithbacteria”.Soshetookaclassingerontologyanddiscoveredthatshelikedit.Shesays,“Ididvolunteerworkinretirementhomesanditwasverysatisfying.”Inshort,theexpansionofAmericaselderlypopulationwillprovidegoodjobopportunitiesinmanyareas.,Writingdevice

48、s,Writingpractice,Directions:Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsononeofthefollowingtopics.Onetopichasanoutlineyoucanfollow.,Essaywriting,Topic:TheeffectsofgettingmarriedincollegeIntroduction:Thesisstatement:Gettingmarriedincollegewillbringaboutdramaticharmfuleffectsonstudentsdevelopment.Body:Effect1:Ma

49、intainingamarriagewoulddonothingbutdisturbstudentspursuitofeducation.Effect2:Supposingafamilyissurelyaheavyeconomicburdentobothstudentsandtheirparents.Effect3:Raisingachildmaybedifficultforyoungparents.Conclusion:Collegestudentsaresupposedtoachieveacademicsuccess,sotheyshouldnotmarryyoung.,Essaywrit

50、ing,Youmayadoptthefollowingexpressions.,taketimeandcommitmentstrikeabalancebetweenstudyandfamilyyieldnegativeconsequenceontheirfuturecareerandlifebenotfinanciallyindependentbepsychologicallyimmaturetosomeextentbebeyondtheircapabilitytohandlehavecatastrophiceffectsontheirchildrensgrowthanddevelopment

51、,Essaywriting,Moretopics:TheeffectsofpeerpressureTheeffectsofexcessivepackingofproducts,Essaywriting,Translateaparagraphbasedonasummaryofthetextbyusingtheexpressionsfromthetext.,Paragraphtranslation,当经济萧条在全国范围内爆发之后，许多普通工薪阶层的人们几个月来都在苦苦挣扎，正如苏.约翰逊一样。苏是失业群体的一份子，因为无钱支付房租，她不得不打包收拾自己的东西，离城而去。她即将面临流浪的生活，这在以前是很难想象的，而她在不久前还有着体面的工作，不错的收入，并在