虚拟语气1.ppt

1、The Subjunctive Mood,1._ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party. A. Had they arrived B. were they arriving C. would they arrived D. were they to arrive 2._ for my illness, I would have lent him helping hand. A. Not being B. Had it not been C. Without being D

2、. Not having been,D,B,3.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _ your advice. A. follow B. had followed C. would follow D. have followed 4. That tree looked as if it _ for a long time. A. hasnt watered B. didnt water C. hadnt been watered D. wasnt watered,B,C,5.We desire that the tour lea

3、der _ us immediately of any change in plans. A. inform B. informs C. informed D. has informed 6. He suggest _ to tomorrows exhibition together. A. us to go B. we went C. we shall go D. we go,A,D,7. It was essential that the application forms _ back before the deadline. A. must be sent B. would be se

4、nt C. be sent D. were sent,C,8.It was proposed that the matter _ discussed at the next meeting. A. will be B. was C. would D. be,D,9.It is recommended that the project _ until all the preparations have been made. A. is not started B. will not be started C. not be started D. is not to be started 10.

5、Its time _ about the traffic problem tomorrow. A. something was done B. anything will be done C. everything is done D. nothing to be done,C,A,11. My suggestion is that we _ a special board to examine the problem. A. will set up B. are to set up C. set up D. must set up 12. We are all for your propos

6、al that the discussion _ . A. be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to put off,C,A,非真实条件状语从句中的虚拟语气。,e.g. If I knew the fact now, I would tell you. 假如我现在知道真相，我就告诉你了。 If the art dealer had had the money, he would have bought the painting. 假如那位画家有那么一笔钱，他就买那副画。 If you were to see Jane, what

7、would you tell her? 假如你要去看珍妮，你会告诉她什么？,省略if的虚拟条件句的用法,在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。 e.g. Were I you, I would try it again. (=If I were you, I would try it again.) Had I known it earlier, I wouldnt have lent him the money. (=If I had known it earlier, I

8、wouldnt have lent him the money.),混合型虚拟条件句（通常情况下，在非真实条件句中的主句和从句所指的时间是一致的，主从句的谓语动词要么都是与现在事实相反，要么都是与过去事实相反等。但有时也可能指不同的时间，这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语形式） e.g. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. 我要是你，我就采纳他的建议了。（从句指现在，主句指过去）,wish的用法,用于wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为： 真实状况 wish后 与现在事实相反 过

9、去时（be的过去式为were） 与过去事实相反 过去完成时（had + 过去分词） 表将来不大可能的愿望 would/could+动词原形,e.g.I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadnt said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。,其它句型中的虚拟语气,一.would rather, would sooner, would just as soon等句型中的虚拟语气。,would rather, would sooner, wou

10、ld just as soon，might as well 和would prefer等后面所跟的从句中，也可用虚拟语气，表示愿望，意思为 “宁愿 ”“但愿”。其形式为：。,Id rather we didnt go to see a film this evening.,Id sooner you had returned the book yesterday.,我倒希望我们今晚不去看电影。,我宁愿你昨天归还那本书。,“would rather (would sooner.)+主语+谓语动词过去式”表示现在或将来的情况。 “would rather (would sooner.)+主语+ha

11、d+过去分词”表示过去的情况。,二.In case, lest, for fear that 等引起的虚拟语气。,连接词“in case, lest, for fear that”可用来引起虚拟语气。其形式通常为：“.lest (in case, for fear that)+主语+should+动词原形”。lest, for fear that 句中的should可以省去，in case句中的should通常不省去，但是in case句中可以不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。lest, for fear that后面可以接其他形式。,He took his raincoat with him in

12、 case it should rain.,He bought several bottles of beer in case his friend came.,他带着雨衣以防下雨,She hid her jewelry for fear that it would be stolen.,他买了几瓶啤酒，以备他的朋友来。,她把宝石藏起来，以防被偷,三. as if 和as though 引起的虚拟语气。,as if 和as though连接的状语从句中，如果从句中的谓语动词为实义动词，要用虚拟语气结构。既可以表示对现在、将来时间的虚拟，又可表示对过去时间的虚拟。其形式如下：,主句+ as if

13、 (though) +主语,1.were/was(或动词过去式)-表示与主句动作同时发生,2.could(would)+动词原形-表示动作可能在将来发生,3.had+过去分词-表示从句谓语动作发生在主句动作之前,She always talks to me as if she were my sister.,They talked as if they had been friends for years.,她总是以我姐姐的语气跟我说话。,他们说话很亲热，就像多年的老朋友似的。,四.句型 “It is (high, about) time (that) .”中，后面也可跟虚拟语气，从句常用过去

14、式，有时也用“should +动词原形”(should 不可省略）。意为“该.的时候”。,It is (high, about) time that the children went to bed.,It is (high, about) time that the children should go to bed.,五. without, but for,有时虚拟语气可用介词或介词短语引导。 e.g. But for electricity (If there were no electricity), there would be no modern industry. Without

15、 your help (If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded.,名词性从句中的虚拟语气,在名词性从句中，是否用虚拟语气主要取决于有关的一些词。这些词用来表示命令、建议、要求、愿望等。其形式为：“（should)+动词原形”。,用于主语从句,主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形或只用动词原形（should 可省略） 。 should在此为助动词，本身并无实义。这种主语从句由连词that引导。 句型 It is suggested /ordered /proposal / required/ demanded/

16、 requested/insisted/important/ necessary/natural/ strange/ a pity/ a shame/ no wonder + that + (should) do,e.g. It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week. It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow,用于宾语从句,在表示命令，建议，要求等一类动词后面的从句中，从句谓语用should 加动词原形或只用动词原形（should 可省略）

17、。 句型 主语 suggest /order /propose / require/ demand/ command/ insist + that + (should) do,e.g. I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there. 注意： 如suggest, insist不表示建议 或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。,用于表语从句,在表语从句，由that（可省去）所引导，其谓语是should 加动词

18、原形或只用动词原形（should 可省略）。句子主语常是suggestion, proposal, idea, motion, plan, order, advice 等. e.g. My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. My suggestion is that we should tell him.,用于同位语从句,e.g. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.,1.Mary _ today if the doctor had come sooner